měi guó  (1926nián～1966nián)

 shīcí： 《shī xuǎn anthology》    yuèdòufú lán kè · ào hā lā Frank O'Harazài诗海dezuòpǐn!!!

　　fú lán kè · ào hā lā（ FrankO ’ Hara,1926 héng 1966） shì měi guó dāng dài zuì zhù míng、 zuì yòu yǐng xiǎng de niǔ yuē pài shī rén zhī yī。 ào hā lā yú 1926 nián 6 yuè 27 rì chū shēng zài měi guó mǎ lǐ lán zhōu de bā 'ěr de mó， hòu suí quán jiā bān dào mǎ sà zhū sài zhōu de gé lǐ fù dùn， bìng zài nà 'ér zhǎngdà chéng rén。 ào hā lā niánshào shí céng xué guò gāng qín， xī wàng zhǎngdà hòu néng chéng wéi zuòqǔ jiā， tóng shí yě kāi shǐ xiě shī。 1944 zhì 1946 nián 'ào hā lā zài měi guó hǎi jūn fú yì， zhī hòu lái dào hā fó dà xué xué xí， xiān shì xué xí yīnyuè， hòu gǎi xué wén xué； qī jiān jié shí liǎo shī rén JohnAshbery， KennethKoch yǐ jí JamesSchugler bìng yǔ zhī gòng tóng jiàn lì liǎo hòu lái chēng zhī wéi “ niǔ yuē shī pài ” de shī rén tuán tǐ。 ào hā lā 1950 nián hā fó dà xué běn kē bì yè， 1951 nián huò dé mì zhí 'ān dà xué shuò shì xué wèi bìng yí jū niǔ yuē， bù jiǔ jiù yǐ shī rén、 jù zuò jiā、 yì shù píng lùn jiā de shēn fèn zài niǔ yuē de wén xué yì shù juàn lǐ zhàn jù zhòng yào dì wèi， bìng zuì zhōng chéng wéi niǔ yuē xiàn dài yì shù bó wù guǎn de fù guǎn cháng。 ào hā lā yú 1952 nián chū bǎn liǎo tā de dì yī běn shī jí《 chéng shì dōng tiān jí qí tā shī gē》 (ACityWinterandOtherPoems)。 suí hòu yòu xiāng jì chū bǎn liǎo《 duì fēi cháng shí kè de chén sī》 (MeditationsinanEmergency,1957)，《 sòng gē》 (Odes,1960)，《 dì 'èr dà jiē》 (SecondAvenue,1960)，《 wǔ cān shī》 (LunchPoems,1964) yǐ jí《 ài qíng shī》 (LovePoems,1965)。《 yì shù jì shì： 1954-1966》 (ArtChronicles:1954-1966,1975) shì 'ào hā lā de yī bù lùn wén jí， zhuān mén tǎo lùn chōu xiàng biǎo xiàn zhù yì yùn dòng (AbstractExpressionistMovement) zhōng de yī xiē zhù yào rén wù。 zhè běn shū fǎn yìng liǎo dāng niǔ yuē zhèng zài chéng wéi wén xué yì shù fāng miàn de xiàn dài zhù yì bǎo lěi shí， ào hā lā duì yú dāng shí niǔ yuē wén xué yì shù jiè zǎo qī de shēnqiè gǎn shòu， yǐ jí tā gè rén tóu shēn yú cǐ de sī suǒ。
　　
　　 ào hā lā zài niǔ yuē qī jiān qià shì zài yì shù chuàng zuò zhōng qiáng diào qián yì shí hé chōng dòng de chōu xiàng biǎo xiàn zhù yì shèng xíng de shí dài。 yǔ cǐ tóng shí， niǔ yuē qǔ dài bā lí chéng wéi shì jiè yì shù zhōng xīn。 ào hā lā zài zhè lǐ jié shí liǎo hěn duō chōu xiàng biǎo xiàn zhù yì huà jiā， bìng zhuàn xiě liǎo xǔ duō jīng zhì yōu yǎ de yì shù píng lùn fā biǎo zài《 yì shù xīn wén》 (ArtNews) děng zá zhì shàng。 1955 nián zhī hòu， zuò wéi niǔ yuē xiàn dài yì shù bó wù guǎn de fù guǎn cháng， ào hā lā bù jǐn qīn zì wèitā zǔ zhì de yì shù zhǎn zhuàn xiě shuō míng， hái céng duō cì zǔ zhì xiàng guó wài jiè shào měi guó xīn xíng huì huà fēng gé de xún huí zhǎn lǎn。 ào hā lā zuò wéi hěn duō chōu xiàng biǎo xiàn zhù yì huà jiā hé diāo kè jiā de péng yǒu， zhè xiē huà jiā hé diāo kè jiā de chuàng zuò fēng gé duì 'ào hā lā de xiě zuò fēng gé yǐng xiǎng jí dà。 yóu yú zài shī gē chuàng zuò zhōng huì yòu shí jiān de tiào yuè xìng、 zhuǎn yí zhù yì lì de xiàn xiàng yǐ jí zài miáo shù mǒu yī tè shū shí kè shí chū xiàn mǒu zhǒng tíng dùn hé sōng sàn de qíng xíng， zài 'ào hā lā de shī gē zuò pǐn zhōng， yě suí chù kě jiàn yī xiē sì hū shì shùn shǒu niān lái de、 chū rén yì liào de、 tū fā de xiǎng xiàng， bǐ rú tā zài yī cì sàn bù shí tīng dào léi shēng jiù tū rán xiǎng qǐ tā cóng qián de sān gè péng yǒu héng héng sān wèi yīng nián zǎo shì de yì shù jiā，“ qǐ chū /Bunny sǐ liǎo， suí hòu， JohnLatouche sǐ liǎo / rán hòu JacksonPollock yě sǐ liǎo”。
　　
　　 ào hā lā suī rán zài yì shù、 xì jù děng lǐng yù yòu hěn gāo de zào yì， dàn tā què bǎ zì jǐ kàn zuò shì yī gè shī rén， bìng xiě liǎo hěn duō bù tóng fēng gé de shī zuò， yòu xiē shì xù shì shī， yòu xiē zé shì nèi shěng shī。 dàn tā zǒng shì xǐ huān bǎ tā suǒ shēng huó de chéng shì huán jìng yòng lái biǎo dá tā de gè rén shēng huó tǐ yàn。 zài tā de shī zuò zhōng， rén men kě yǐ kàn dào shì chǎng pái jià、 jiē tóu xián yán suì yǔ、 diàn huà hào mǎ hé guǎng gào， nǎ pà shì xiē xǔ yòu xī yǐn lì de shēng huó jīng lì tā yě bù yuàn fàng guò。
　　
　　 fú lán kè · ào hā lā de shī《 wǒ wéi shá bù shì huà jiā》 fā biǎo yú 1957 nián， dāng shí měi guó shī tán shèng xíng de shì jiàn lì zài T.S. ài lüè tè shī gē chuán tǒng jī chǔ zhī shàng de“ xīn xiàng zhēng zhù yì” shī gē， qí tè zhēng shì wén yǎ、 yǔ yán yōu měi、 xǐ huān shǐ yòng fǎn fěng、 bù chù dòng lǐ zhì shì bù bà xiū děng。 ào hā lā de shī yǔ cǐ zé xiāng fǎn， tōng cháng cǎi yòng kǒu yǔ hé duì huà xíng shì， zài yǔ qì yǔ diào shàng bǐ jiào suí yì zì yóu。 tā de zhè shǒu《 wǒ wéi shá bù shì huà jiā》 yǔ tā de qí tā xǔ duō shī zuò yī yàng dú qǐ lái jiù hǎo xiàng shì 'ào hā lā gāng gāng jí xí 'ér zuò， tǐ xiàn liǎo jí xīng、 fǎn lǐ xìng de tè diǎn。 zǒng tǐ shàng kàn， ào hā lā de shī gē shēng dòng、 yòu huó lì， zài jiǎn jié、 yōu mò jī zhì zhōng yòu yòu huāng dàn gǎn hé mèng huàn gǎn， tū chū dì biǎo xiàn liǎo shī rén de dú tè gè xìng， kāi chuàng liǎo fǎn wén yǎ、 fǎn gāo guì de chuán tǒng shī fēng。
　　
　　 niǔ yuē pài zhòng yào shī rén。 qí shī cǎi yòng kǒu yǔ jí kāi fàng de jié gòu， kāi chuàng liǎo fǎn wén yǎ fǎn gāo guì de shī fēng， yǐng xiǎng hěn dà。 1966 nián bù xìng sǐ yú chē huò。

　　Francis Russell O'Hara (June 27, 1926 – July 25, 1966) was an American poet who, along with John Ashbery, James Schuyler, Barbara Guest and Kenneth Koch, was a key member of what was known as the New York School of poetry.
　　
　　Frank O'Hara, the son of Russell Joseph O'Hara and Katherine Broderick, was born in Baltimore and grew up in Grafton, Massachusetts. He attended St. John's High School in Worcester. He studied piano at the New England Conservatory in Boston from 1941 to 1944. O'Hara served in the South Pacific and Japan as a sonarman on the destroyer USS Nicholas during World War II.
　　
　　With the funding made available to veterans he attended Harvard University, where he roomed with artist/writer Edward Gorey. Although he majored in music and did some composing, his attendance was irregular and his interests disparate. He regularly attended classes in philosophy and theology, while writing impulsively in his spare time. O'Hara was heavily influenced by visual art, and by contemporary music, which was his first love (he remained a fine piano player all his life and would often shock new partners by suddenly playing swathes of Rachmaninoff when visiting them). He did have favorite poets: Arthur Rimbaud, Stephane Mallarmé, Boris Pasternak, and Vladimir Mayakovsky. While at Harvard, O'Hara met John Ashbery and began publishing poems in the Harvard Advocate. Despite his love for music, O'Hara changed his major and graduated from Harvard in 1950 with a degree in English.
　　
　　He then attended graduate school at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. While at Michigan, he won a Hopwood Award and received his M.A. in English literature 1951. That autumn O'Hara moved into an apartment in New York City with Joe LeSueur, who would be his roommate and sometimes his lover for the next 11 years. Known throughout his life for his extreme sociability, passion, and warmth, O'Hara had hundreds of friends and lovers throughout his life, many from the New York art and poetry worlds. Soon after arriving in New York, he was employed at the front desk of the Museum of Modern Art and began to write seriously.
　　
　　O'Hara was active in the art world, working as a reviewer for Art News, and in 1960 was made Assistant Curator of Painting and Sculpture Exhibitions for the Museum of Modern Art. He was also friends with artists like Willem de Kooning, Norman Bluhm, Larry Rivers and Joan Mitchell. O'Hara died in an accident on Fire Island in which he was struck and seriously injured by a man speeding in a beach vehicle during the early morning hours of July 24, 1966. He died the next day of a ruptured liver at the age of 40 and was buried in the Green River Cemetery on Long Island.
　　
　　
　　Bibliography
　　
　　Books in lifetime
　　A City Winter and Other Poems. Two Drawings by Larry Rivers. (New York: Tibor de Nagy Gallery Editions, 1951 [sic, i.e. 1952])
　　Oranges: 12 pastorals. (New York: Tibor de Nagy Gallery Editions, 1953; New York: Angel Hair Books, 1969)
　　Meditations in an Emergency. (New York: Grove Press, 1957; 1967)
　　Second Avenue. Cover drawing by Larry Rivers. (New York: Totem Press in Association with Corinth Books, 1960)
　　Odes. Prints by Michael Goldberg. (New York: Tiber Press, 1960)
　　Lunch Poems. (San Francisco, CA: City Lights Books, The Pocket Poets Series (No. 19), 1964)
　　Love Poems (Tentative Title). (New York: Tibor de Nagy Gallery Editions, 1965)
　　
　　Posthumous works
　　In Memory of My Feelings, commemorative volume illustrated by 30 U.S. artists and edited by Bill Berkson (New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1967)
　　The Collected Poems of Frank O'Hara. edited by Donald Allen with an introduction by John Ashbery (1st ed. New York: Knopf, 1971; Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995)
　　The __Select__ed Poems of Frank O'Hara. edited by Donald Allen (New York: Knopf, 1974; Vintage Books, 1974)
　　Standing Still and Walking in New York. edited by Donald Allen (Bolinas, Calif: Grey Fox Press; Berkeley, Calif: distributed by Book People, 1975)
　　Early Writing. edited by Donald Allen (Bolinas, Calif: Grey Fox; Berkeley: distributed by Book People, 1977)
　　Poems Retrieved. edited by Donald Allen (Bolinas, Calif: Grey Fox Press; Berkeley, Calif: distributed by Book People, 1977)
　　__Select__ed Plays. edited by Ron Padgett, Joan Simon, and Anne Waldman (1st ed. New York: Full Court Press, 1978)
　　Amorous Nightmares of Delay: __Select__ed Plays. (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997)
　　__Select__ed Poems, edited by Mark Ford (New York: Knopf, 2008)
　　
　　Minor works
　　"Hartigan and Rivers with O'Hara." (1 folded sheet, 10 p.) by Frank O'Hara, Grace Hartigan, and Larry Rivers from "An Exhibition of Pictures with Poems by Frank O'Hara... November 24 through December 24, 1959" (New York: Tibor de Nagy Gallery, 1959)
　　"A Cordial Invitation to Celebrate The Sixtieth Birthday of Edwin Denby at a Dinner to be Given By His Friends. Friday March 15, 1963.... with "Edwin's Hand" by Frank O'Hara (1963)
　　Belgrade, November 19, 1963. (New York: Adventures in Poetry)
　　Audit/Poetry. Vol. IV, No.1 "Featuring Frank O'Hara" (Buffalo, NY at 180 Winspear Avenue, 1964)
　　"New Paintings" by Michael Goldberg (New York: Martha Jackson Gallery, 1966) with "Why I Am Not A Painter" by Frank O'Hara on front cover dated 1956
　　Hotel particulier. (broadside) (Pleasant Valley, NY: Kriya Press, 1967)
　　Two Pieces. (London: Long Hair Books, series one, 1969) includes "THOSE WHO ARE DREAMING, a play about St. Paul" and "COMMERCIAL VARIATIONS" dated 4/52)
　　The End Of The Far West: 11 Poems. (New York by Ted Berrigan, 1974)
　　Hymns of St. Bridget. by Bill Berkson and Frank O'Hara (New York: Adventures in Poetry, 1974)
　　Macaroni. (broadside, includes "In Memoriam" by Patsy Southgate) (Calais, VT: Z Press, 1974)
　　Down at the box-office. (broadside) (Bolinas, Calif: Yanagi, 1977)
　　
　　Exhibitions
　　Jackson Pollock. (New York: George Braziller, Inc. 1959)
　　New Spanish painting and sculpture. (New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1960)
　　Robert Motherwell: with __select__ions from the artist's writings. by Frank O'Hara (New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1965)
　　Nakian. (New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1966)
　　Art Chronicles, 1954-1966. (New York: G. Braziller, 1975)
　　
　　On O'Hara
　　Charters, Ann (ed.). The Portable Beat Reader. Penguin Books. New York. 1992. ISBN 0-670-83885-3 (hc); ISBN 0-14-015102-8 (pbk)
　　The Poets of the New York School by John Bernard Myers (Philadelphia: The University of Pennsylvania, 1969)
　　Frank O'Hara: Poet Among Painters by Marjorie Perloff (New York: G. Braziller, 1977; 1st paperback ed. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979; Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, with a new introduction, 1998)
　　Frank O'Hara by Alan Feldman (Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1979... frontispiece photo of Frank O'Hara c. by Richard Moore)
　　Frank O'Hara: A Comprehensive Bibliography by Alexander Smith, Jr. (New York: Garland, 1979; 2nd print. corrected, 1980)
　　Homage to Frank O'Hara. edited by Bill Berkson and Joe LeSueur, cover by Jane Freilicher (originally published as Big Sky 11/12 in April, 1978; rev. ed. Berkeley: Creative Arts Book Company, 1980)
　　Art with the touch of a poet: Frank O'Hara. exhibit companion compiled by Hildegard Cummings (Storrs, Conn.: The William Benton Museum of Art, University of Connecticut, 1983... January 24-March 13, 1983)
　　Frank O'Hara: To Be True To A City edited by Jim Elledge (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1990)
　　Statutes of Liberty: The New York School of Poets. by Geoff Ward (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993)
　　City Poet: The Life and Times of Frank O'Hara by Brad Gooch (1st ed. New York: Knopf, 1993; New York: HarperPerennial, 1994)
　　In Memory of My Feelings: Frank O'Hara and American Art by Russell Ferguson (Los Angeles: The Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles / University of California Press, 1999)
　　Hyperscapes in the Poetry of Frank O'Hara: Difference, Homosexuality, Topography by Hazel Smith (Liverpool University Press, Liverpool, 2000)
　　The Scene of My Selves: New Work on New York School Poets ed. Terence Diggory and Stephen Paul Miller (Orono, ME: National Poetry Foundation, 2001)
　　Digressions on Some Poems by Frank O'Hara by Joe LeSueur (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2003).
　　Emancipating Pragmatism: Emerson, Jazz, and Experimental Writing by Michael Magee(Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2004)
　　Frank O'Hara: The Poetics of Coterie by Lytle Shaw (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 2006)
　　Beautiful Enemies: Friendship and Postwar American Poetry by Andrew Epstein (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006)

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