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鮑裏斯·鮑裏索維奇·雷日伊Борис Борисович Рыжий（1974－2001）俄羅斯詩人，1974年9月8日生於俄羅斯車裏雅賓斯剋市。他的父親是一名礦業工程師，當地礦業學院的教授，曾任黨內高級領導職務。母親是一名流行病醫生。有兩個姐姐。1980年，全家搬遷至斯維爾德洛夫斯剋（現稱葉卡捷琳堡），1981年至1991年在工業區就讀。1989年成為市青年拳擊賽冠軍。1992年，與同學伊琳娜·科尼亞澤娃結婚，1993年他們的兒子阿爾焦姆出生。1998年，雷日伊從烏拉爾礦業學院地球物理學和地球生態學專業畢業。2000年，畢業於俄羅斯科學院烏拉爾分院地球物理學院研究生班。曾在北烏拉爾山區的地質隊工作，其間發表有18篇關於俄羅斯和烏拉爾地殼構造和地震研究方面的論文。
1994年，雷日伊的詩歌處女作發表於《烏拉爾》雜志，隨後幾年間出版了詩集《愛情》、《一切都是這樣……》，詩歌作品多刊發於《星》、《烏拉爾》、《旗》等雜志，入選1997－2003年烏拉爾詩選。1999年獲得“反布剋”奬的“未名者”奬項。2000年，詩集《一切都是這樣……》獲得聖彼得堡“北方的巴爾米拉”圖書奬。2000年6月受邀參加了在荷蘭鹿特丹舉行的“2000－國際詩歌節”。
2001年5月6日，雷日伊自縊身亡，年僅26歲。
詩人去世後，“普希金基金會”出版社出版了他的詩集《在寒風中》。
鮑裏斯·雷日伊一生創作了大約1300多首詩歌，其中公開發表的衹有250首，時值今日，他的詩歌作品由其遺孀伊琳娜·科尼亞澤娃整理後陸續發表。
幾年前，在對莫斯科文學院大學生進行問捲調查，誰是他們最喜歡的當代詩人時，這些未來的詩人中有四分之三的人回答是鮑裏斯·雷日伊。
目前，他的作品已被譯成英文、荷蘭文、意大利文、德文、中文。
Family and death
At the time of his death, Ryzhy's reputation had burgeoned and he was starting to receive recognition as one of the premier poets of his generation. He was awarded the Anti-Booker Prize and accepted an invitation to the Rotterdam Poetry Festival. Ryzhy took his own life by hanging on May 7,2001, at the age of 26. His suicide, seen by many skeptics as a desperate plea for recognition and fame (the kind of which has been popular in Russia since Sergei Esenin's suicide in a St. Petersburg hotel in 1925), was a sad consequence of his bipolar disorder and substance abuse. Shortly afterwards, he was posthumously awarded the Northern Palmyra, one of the most highly sought-after prizes in Russian poetry, for his collection Opravdaniye zhizni ("A Reason to Live").
His only son, Artem (born 19 January 1993) died of a cardiac arrest in September 2020, at the age of 27.
Legacy
Since his death in 2001, his poetry has been lauded and added to the canon of Russian poets. Many of his poems and collections have been added to the volumes of essential literature in the last several years, and he has gained huge popularity for his verse, which is at times vulgar and swaggering, at times formally masterful and reminiscent of Russia's Silver Age. Through his short, poignant lyrics he crafted a persona of post-Soviet delinquency and despair. His own depression and addiction to alcohol figure prominently. He was from the intelligentsia class, and had an impressive education in geology and nuclear geophysics and published many scientific papers.
Curiously, his reputation has been slow to grow outside of Russia. Following his death, a few translations have appeared in English, Italian, German, Dutch and Spanish.
Aliona van der Horst made the documentary Boris Ryzhy in 2009, and has received several awards including the Best Feature Documentary at the Edinburgh International Film Festival 2009.
Belarusian post-punk band Molchat Doma adapted the lyrics for their 2018 song Судно ("Vessel"), from Ryzhy's poem Эмалированное судно ("Enameled Vessel").
Notes
Also transliterated as Ryzhii or Ryzhiy
References
Pain and Beauty. Poet Boris Ryzhy:: Literature:: Culture & Arts:: Russia-InfoCentre
"Music alone: on the poetry of Boris Ryzhy". World Literature Today. 1 January 2005. Retrieved 15 July 2008.
https://www.calvertjournal.com/articles/show/13395/aliona-van-der-horst-poet-boris-ryzhy-documentary-film. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
"Умер единственный сын уральского поэта Бориса Рыжего". E1. 30 December 2020. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
Zhang, Cat (25 June 2020). "How Belarusian Post-Punks Molchat Doma Became a TikTok Meme". Pitchfork. Retrieved 4 December 2020.