| 帕·聚斯金德 | |||
| 帕特裏剋·聚斯金德 | |||
閱讀聚斯金德 Patrick Süskind在小说之家的作品!!! | |||
Patrick Süskind帕特裏剋·聚斯金德（Patrick Sǖskind）1949年出生在德國巴伐利亞州施塔恩貝格湖畔的阿姆巴赫，早年在慕尼黑和法國的埃剋斯昂普羅旺斯攻讀與研究中世紀
帕特裏剋·聚斯金德
史和近代史，後一度靠寫電影分鏡頭劇本維持生活。他發表的處女作是劇本《低音提琴》。該劇於1981年9月在慕尼黑首次演出，後來許多劇院紛紛上演，其間被譯成多種語言，為聚斯金德在文壇上贏得了聲譽。1984年，聚斯金德完成了他的第一部小說《香水》，出版後轟動了德語文壇。繼《香水》之後，聚斯金德用古典主義的筆調創作了中篇小說《鴿子》。小說描寫巴黎某傢銀行一個看門人單調枯燥的生活，1987年初第一版銷量即高達十萬册。據《明鏡》周刊統計，《鴿子》與《香水》一道，自1987年4月起同屬德國嚴肅文學十本最佳暢銷書之列，聚斯金德以此轟動了德語文壇。
生平
綜述
十五年前，時任《世界文學》編輯的蔡鴻君先生慧眼識金，在八十年代相當活躍的德國文壇上註意到一顆嶄露頭角的新星——帕特裏剋·聚斯金德，並首次將其作品引入中國。然而，中譯本《鴿子》當時並未像小說中的鴿子對主人公産生心靈震撼那樣，在中國讀者中引起轟動。直到數年後，聚斯金德的譽滿全球之作《香水》纔使他的知名度在中國陡然上升，其“香氣”甚至流芳至今。
背景
聚斯金德1949年出生在德國南部巴伐利亞州的施塔恩貝格湖畔，早年學過鋼琴，後又攻讀歷史，曾作過西門子公司的文秘，在酒吧舞廳裏打過工，甚至還當過乒乓球陪練。廣博的歷史知識和不同的生活經歷使他思維活躍，想象力極其豐富。在大學念書時，聚斯金德就嘗試撰寫短篇散文和長篇的影視劇本，但都未能發表或被采用。此後，他一度靠給電視臺寫劇本為生。1980年聚斯金德創作出第一部個人作品——獨幕單人話劇《低音提琴》，次年該劇首演便獲好評，隨即成為歐洲話劇舞臺上長盛不衰的經典劇目。四年之後，他的第一部小說《香水》問世，該書一經推出便迷倒了衆多讀者，先後被譯成近四十種語言，各種版本在全世界的總發行量高達1200萬册。在隨後的幾年裏，聚斯金德又陸續出版了《鴿子》和《夏先生的故事》兩部小說，均得到了讀者和評論界的交口稱贊，從而奠定了他在當代德語文壇引人註目的地位。
耐人尋味的故事情節
與同時代的德國作傢相比，聚斯金德文學創作的産量並不高，作品的篇幅亦不大，但其豐富、奇特的想象力，深邃的思想含義，耐人尋味的故事情節，雋永的寓意和精湛的文筆，卻給人留下了極為深刻的印象。《香水》像一部充滿神秘色彩的傳奇，聚斯金德運用現實主義的敘事手法，惟妙惟肖地刻畫出十八世紀法國巴黎一個怪才格雷諾耶“尋香殺女人”的離奇一生。而在《鴿子》一書中，聚斯金德又充分發揮了自己細膩入微的心理描寫技巧，把巴黎一傢銀行門衛諾埃爾的意識流動和內心獨白栩栩如生地呈現在人們眼前。忠於職守、老實巴交的諾埃爾，三十年如一日地蝸居在自己的小屋裏，過着平淡孤寂、與世無爭的生活。然而一天早晨，一隻突然出現在門口的鴿子卻讓他驚慌失措，六神無主。於是，往日的平靜全被打破，包括衣、食、住、行和本職工作在內的所有的生活細節均受到幹擾，主人公的精神世界瀕臨崩潰的邊緣。這一切莫名其妙的混亂，直到那衹帶來不祥之兆的鴿子悄然離去時纔隨之平息，一切又復歸原樣。《低音提琴》中主人公憤世嫉俗而又無可奈何的大段自我解嘲，極為貼切地反映了失意者的矛盾心態。而《夏先生的故事》則通過孩童之口，以詼諧幽默且不乏諷刺意味的生動、形象的敘述，道出了作者對人間事物的真實看法。從這些題材和體裁不盡相同的作品上，可以看出聚斯金德編織故事的傑出才華和駕馭德語的深厚功底。
視點在小人物身上
迄今為止，聚斯金德的文學創作幾乎都遠離鴻篇巨製和重大題材，而總是把視點放在那些沒有社會地位的小人物身上，對他們的喜怒哀樂和酸甜苦辣給予了深切的同情。無論是人生不得志的低音提琴手，還是孤傢寡人的銀行門衛，或者“一意孤行”的夏先生，甚至那個殘忍的“香水殺手”，都屬於與時尚格格不入並為上流社會所不屑一顧的“圈外人”（Aussenseiter）。聚斯金德藉助對這些人物命運的描寫，展示了後工業社會中人們普遍存在的睏惑、恐懼、沮喪、不安、無奈，及其悲觀的內心世界和荒誕反常、難以理喻的怪異行為，從而成為德國後現代主義的代表作傢之一。
性格
聚斯金德生性靦腆，不愛張揚，平日深居簡出，行跡難覓。和一般知名作傢不同的是，他的一部作品問世後，自己便遠離媒體的喧囂，下一本書總要等上好幾年纔會露臉，而且不鳴則已，一鳴驚人。加上作品內容亦真亦幻，故事情節似有似無，使這位天才作傢在德語文壇上顯得若隱若現，飄忽不定。人們已習慣了他在瞬間閃光發亮之後，就消失得無影無蹤，直到他又一部膾炙人口的佳作幽然冒出。
作品
聚斯金德作品係列，包括新譯的《低音提琴》和《夏先生的故事》，以及新版《香水》、《鴿子》。
Life and work
The public knows little about Patrick Süskind. He has withdrawn from the literary scene in Germany and never grants interviews or allows photos. He was born in Ambach am Starnberger See, near Munich in Germany. His father was writer and journalist Wilhelm Emanuel Süskind, who worked for the well-established Süddeutsche Zeitung and is famous as the co-author of the well-known "Wörterbuch eines Unmenschen", a critical collection of essays on the language of the Nazi era. Patrick Süskind went to school in Holzhausen, a little Bavarian village. His mother worked as a sports trainer; his older brother Martin E. Süskind is also a journalist. Süskind has many relatives from the aristocracy in Württemberg, making him one of the descendants of the exegete Johann Albrecht Bengel and of the reformer Johannes Brenz. After his Abitur and his Zivildienst, he studied Medieval and Modern History at the University of Munich and in Aix-en-Provence from 1968-1974. Süskind also attended lessons in English, Spanish, Latin, Greek, Politics, Art and Theology but, apparently, never graduated. Financially supported by his parents, he moved to Paris where he wrote "mainly short, unpublished fiction and longer screenplays which were not made into films" as he once said self-deprecatingly.
He had his breakthrough with the play The Double Bass. In the theatre season 1984/85 there were more than 500 performances of the piece, which made it a best-selling play for several seasons. It is still often performed. At the centre of the play stands a tragi-comical orchestral musician, who has so many problems with his instrument and his insignificance that he falls into nagging fatalism. In the 1980s Süskind was also successful as a screenwriter for the TV productions Kir Royal (1987) and Monaco Franze (1983), among others. For his screenplay of Rossini, directed by Helmut Dietl he gained the Screenplay Prize of the German Department for Culture in 1996. He rejected other awards, like the respectable FAZ-Literaturpreis by a conservative German newspaper, the Tukanpreis and the Gutenbergpreis.
His best-known work is the internationally-acclaimed bestseller Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (1985). This was made into a film in 2006 by Tom Tykwer and is the only story of his to have reached the cinema to date. With more than 12 million copies sold and translations into 46 languages, he is probably the most well-known contemporary German writer in the world. His novel was on the bestselling list of the German weekly news magazine "Spiegel" for nine years. He is also the author of a novella, The Pigeon (1988), The Story of Mr. Sommer (1991), Three Stories and a Reflection (1996), and a collection of essays, On Love and Death (2006).
Süskind lives reclusively in Munich, in Seeheim (Lake Starnberg) and in France (probably Paris and Montolieu).
Selected works
Perfume
The Story of Mr Sommer
The Pigeon
Double Bass (play)
Rossini (film)
Three Stories and a Reflection
On Love and Death (essays)
A movie based on Perfume was released in 2006.