閱讀埃爾文·布魯剋斯·懷特 Elwyn Brooks White在小说之家的作品!!! |
E.B.懷特 (E.B.White) 1899年生於紐約。1918 年,從美軍退役,入康奈爾大學就讀,1921 年畢業。這期間他曾擔任過《西雅圖時報》等多傢出版機構的記者。1924 年,他回到紐約,當了一位廣告撰稿人。1926 或 1927 年,他來到《紐約客》雜志社作編輯工作。在《紐約客》工作的這11年來,他為這本雜志寫下了大量的散文和詩歌,還有些別的體裁的文章。1929 年他和凱瑟琳(Katherine)結婚。(1941,他們一起撰寫了《美國幽默文庫》一書。)不久,懷特開始為《新紐約周刊》工作。但是,直到他和他的同事兼朋友James Thurber合寫的《性是必需的嗎?》一書在同年出版後,懷特纔真正引起了文壇的註意。
從 1938 -- 1943 年,他作為《哈珀斯》雜志的專欄作傢,為該雜志的"個人觀點"專欄撰寫了大量的散文。這些"懷特式"的散文在1942年被結集出版後,被評論傢認為是懷特最優秀的一本散文集。
1939 年,他搬到緬因州的北 Brooklin 的一個農場,作為一名自由作傢繼續從事寫作。1959年,懷特出版了一本文體學專著《文體的要素》,這本書後來被廣泛地用作美國中學與大學的教材。
除了大量的散文、雜文等,懷特還寫了三部童話,分別是《小老鼠斯圖爾特》(1945),《夏洛的網》(1952),《天鵝的喇叭》(1970)。其中最受歡迎的就是《夏洛的網》,至今已經發行 500 萬册以上,擁有20 多種文字的譯本。在美國1976年《出版周刊》搞的一次讀者調查中,這本童話位居“美國十佳兒童文學名著”中的首位,可見它受歡迎的程度。曾有一個小讀者寫信問他,你的童話故事是真的嗎?懷特去信回答:“不,他們是想象出來的故事 -- 但是真的生活也不過是生活的一種罷了 -- 想象裏的生活也算一種生活。”
1985 年 10 月 1 日,懷特因 Alzheimer(老年癡呆癥)在緬因州的北 Brooklin 去世,由他的兒子和三個孫子埋葬。
由於懷特在散文創作等方面取得的突出成績,他在生前曾獲得多項殊榮:1971 年,他獲得美國“國傢文學奬章”;1973年,他被選為美國文學藝術學院50名永久院士之一;1978 年,他獲得普利策特別文藝奬;他還獲得了美國七傢大學及學院的名譽學位。
他的主要作品有:《女士是冷酷的》(1928),《性是必需的嗎?》(1929),《美國幽默文庫》(1941),《個人觀點》(1942),《小老鼠斯圖爾特》(1945),《野菖蒲》(1946),《這裏是紐約》(1949),《夏洛的網》(1952),《角落裏的第二棵樹》(1954),《文體的要素》(1959),《我羅盤的方位》(1962),《天鵝的喇叭》(1970),《懷特散文》(1977),《詩與小品》(1981),《紐約客文選1925-1976》(1990)。
From 1938 - 1943, he was as "Harpers" magazine columnist, the magazine's "personal views" column wrote many essays. The "White" type of essay was compiled and published in 1942, after critics said was a copy of White's best essays.
In 1939, he moved to North Brooklin, Maine on a farm, as a writer and continue writing. In 1959, White published a monograph style "elements of style", this book came to be widely used as a U.S. high school and university textbooks.
October 1, 1985, White by Alzheimer (Alzheimer's disease) in North Brooklin, Maine, died, by his son and three grandchildren burial.
Such as White made in the prose of outstanding achievements, he received numerous awards during his lifetime: in 1971, he received the American "national literature award"; in 1973, he was elected to the United States Institute of the Arts Literature Fellow of one of the 50 permanent ; in 1978, he received the Pulitzer Prize for literature and art in particular; He also won seven U.S. universities and colleges of honorary degrees.
His major works include: "Ladies are cold" (1928), "Sex is necessary it? "(1929)," Library of American Humor "(1941)," personal views "(1942)," Stuart Little "(1945)," Wild Iris "(1946)," Here is New York "(1949)," Summer Lori's Web "(1952)," a corner of the second tree "(1954)," Elements of Style "(1959)," I compass directions "(1962)," Swan's horn "(1970)," White Prose "(1977)," Poems and Essays "(1981)," The New Yorker Selected Works 1925-1976 "(1990).