| Name and Alias： | 宜生 |
| Township： | 山西荣河 |
| | |
傅作义Second, participants Jin, known Zhuozhou
In 1927, when the National Revolutionary Army in World War II defeat in Henan Linying Fengtien main, victory going northward, and the Manchurian Chang Tso-lin Yan Xishan gave up a joint, to accept the Nanjing government
Government's appointment as "commander in chief of the National Revolutionary Army in North," will be reorganized into the National Revolutionary Army Jin 3rd Army, and in September 29, 1927 swearing-in "Northern Expedition" Feng Zhang, all the way north along the Beijing-Hankou railway, road eastward along the Beijing-Sui Railway. Fu Zuoyi the rate of 4 attached to the artillery regiment divisions Zhuozhou raid. Early in October, Fu Zuoyi use Fengtien rotations of machines, from the Taiyuan-depth Fengtien hinterland and quick taking of Zhuozhou, causing the deadly threat of the Manchurians. However, the main force Jin told Diego lost, pulled out of Beijing Han, Sui Jing two railway lines, Zhuozhou be alone at the Mukden forces surrounded the only stronghold. Fu Zuoyi only to be taken to defend a policy assistance. Manchurians with advantage in Zhuozhou general offensive launched by nine. Fu Zuoyi to less than the helpless people of the division. Hang up Zhuozhou hundred days long, caught gunned, soldiers pay the people trapped in the impasse. Yan Xishan Zhuozhou no longer justified in view of sticking in harmony in all walks of life to persuade, then instructed Fu Zuoyi truce and peace negotiations Manchurians. Following from compromise negotiations rolled together. December 30, Fu power that: "stop military actions and his troops Ting Jinjun to IDF will no longer participate in civil strife" ("National News Weekly" V II). January 12, 1928, 7000 4th division remnants out of the city to accept Fengtien adaptation.
3, ruled from the Central Plains War to Suiyuan
Fu Zuoyi Suiyuan governor took over after the unrest in view of successive years, the bandits all over, hard times, inform the Fourth Plenary Session of the Kuomintang-third that "immigrants, the solid side, the development of production and consolidating national defense" case, and make every effort, and defense weapons, banditry digestion , to consolidate the taxation, finance, dredging canals, the development of industrial and agricultural production. In just a few years, greatly changed the outlook Suiyuan. To 1937, 77 war, the Suiyuan basic social stability, economic recovery to some extent, increase tax revenue, cash 840,000 yuan, silver 2.1 million for two units of equipment and supplies also improved, as Suiyuan prepare the conditions for war.
"Anti-Japanese National Salvation willing, died Mount heel." At the same time mobilizing his troops to step up anti-Japanese, every day sooner or later, lead soldiers, shouting in unison: "oath homeland security, to make the responsibility, sacrifice to the snow shame." January 3, 1933, the Japanese occupation of Shanhaiguan, a prelude to the war of resistance opened the Great Wall. January 5, Fu Zuoyi Distributors Yen Hsi-shan, Chang, Chiang Kai-shek herself Japanese. 15, to name Suiyuan governor issued "book people across the province," provincial compatriots called "rise to save the country foreign aggression." 25, was ordered to lead his troops from the east Suiyuan apprenticeship, marched anti-Japanese front. In early February, Fu Department of Zhangjiakou Formation in the Corps for the first 7, Fu Zuoyi commander, the military's designation of 35 to 59 temporary military. March 4, after the Japanese occupation of the Great Wall in Chengde invading the mouth, strong resistance by the Chinese army. As Chiang Kai-shek to seek compromise with Japan, Great Wall, I have abandoned all the Japanese directly towards Pingjin. Chiang Kai-shek lost Pingjin worry so difficult to clean up the situation in North China, while on the Japanese side to send Huang Fu sum, while at the deployed around Beijing. Fu Zuoyi April 30 ordered the Department of Changping line west bound niulanshan deployed. Kuomintang authorities for the coercion to accept the Japanese harsh conditions of the truce, on May 22 to No. 8 West meaning a division under the cover of the aircraft artillery positions to the Department of Fu attack. Fu Zuoyi command in person, all officers and men to embark on the venture with my invincible, there is no enemy of my sacrifice, heroic resistance. Dong Qiwu Group in niulanshan area, west of Sun Lanfeng group positions in Huairou, and the enemy phase knives, repeatedly beat back the enemy's attack, the two sides form a see-saw situation. However, while Fu Jun, a down on an enemy, heroically fighting hard, the 23 evening Huang Fu in Beijing to accept the Japanese side of the armistice conditions. Fu Ying-chin so the Department immediately stop fighting and withdraw from their positions. Fu Zuoyi received a cease-fire evacuation order, indignation, asked, said: "how Japanese are guilty?" Insisted "only the first withdrawal of the Japanese side, we can withdraw, or we will never retreat." Retreat through negotiations the two sides at the same time, Fu was anger However, ordered withdrawal. Great Wall, the last Japanese war ended this way. The campaign total death 246 Japanese, 367 Chinese officers and men killed, wounded 484. Fu Zuoyi extremely grieved on the officers and men killed, was specially sent to protect the remains of martyred soldiers returned to Abortional (now Hohhot), buried in Daqing, the establishment of monuments, and the martyr's name engraved on the Beishang to send in sadness.
Great Wall campaign, the Japanese aggressors use of "Tanggu Agreement" continues in North China Incident, it has forced the Kuomintang authorities to sign a "Ho-Umezu Agreement", "Qin soil Agreement" and other terms of selling out the country, deepening the crisis in North China. Japanese Army in northwest China to block outbound traffic, cut off ties with the Soviet Union, 1936 Spring has actively support Mongolia in the Sui police rape tamu Chuke Dong Rupp (German king) and Shou-Xin Li, the establishment of the so-called "military government of Mongolia"; also bought bandit Wang Ying, was called a "total self-defense forces Menghan Xi North" and "Han volunteer army." In the same year in April, the Japanese Kwantung Army chief of staff went to Abortional Itagaki Seishiro openly, pro-Japanese activities in North China Fu Zuoyi over power. At this point, De Wang has served as the Japanese invaders, hired thugs, and actively in the activities of the western alliance, directly provoked the conflict with the provincial government Suiyuan. And the brewing insurgency. Against Japanese aggression in Suiyuan, Seductive activities and the German king to split the motherland, Traitor act, Fu Zuoyi furious. Was in October, see Chiang Fu to Luoyang, insisted the Japanese and Mongolian rape counter to national justice done. Chiang Kai-Fu to be patient oriented, non-last resort, not to be the war against Japan. When he learned that Germany under the command of the king in the Japanese army in preparation for three columns to attack the news Suiyuan Fu that to a "last resort", on November 8th battalion level or above held the evening of secret meetings, military deployment. At the meeting, Fu told us that: "I detect the Japanese accounted for the North, they are attacked suidong, Suiyuan, military officers and men of my shame. Patriotic duty to defend the soldiers, we is absolutely necessary!", "Yue Fei, 38 years of age he died, I passed 38 years of age, no death for the anti-Japanese resentment. "(" Fu Zuoyi Life, "the fifth page) for the three-way attack the enemy, to take to the offensive to take the initiative, surprise, Gongqibubei, play one strategy.
Nov. 15 6 am early morning, the military government of Japan in Mongolia, secret service chief command of 5,000 troops at Lungi Tanaka, artillery, aircraft, triple onslaught was launched to the Red Eagle plans. Red Eagle map is the eastern gateway Suiyuan by police north, providers have access to an important stopover Bailingmiao, Puppet invasion honggor plan was to open the door suidong, joined forces Abortional, and then occupy the entire Suiyuan. Ning Fu Zuoyi visit frontline command set, command troops starry night attack, the enemy unexpectedly, plagiarism behind enemy lines. Japanese and puppet troops caught off guard, 7 am to 18 pm, across the board retreat. Red Eagle victory victory in my battle plan.
5, against an enemy Pingxingguan, alone keep Taiyuan
Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937 after the appointment of Yan Xishan National Government as the second commander of the theater, the anti-Japanese military command of the Shanxi-full. Sui Army compiled a total of 6, 7, two Army, Fu Zuoyi any commander in chief of the 7th Army. August, Fu led the troops to participate in Suiyuan Road East war. Since the 68th Army commander Liu Ruming combat ineffective, combined with slow movements for Fu, not to the south exit, Juyongguan, Yanqing, pregnant to first-line of A General Department of strong support for the various positions Suiyuan Road East in late after another fall in August. September, the Japanese Itagaki 5 Division from the south to capture Guangling Xuanhua, Fu ordered the Yanmenguan deployed. Japanese to Yanmen easily defensible, inclined to Pingxingguan main attack, the Department was ordered to Chi Fu Fu 6th Army Pingxingguan succeed. When the Japanese troops stormed the Ministry to Fu, the appropriate division 115, the Eighth Route Army ambushed and impedimenta Itagaki Division reserve teams, and annihilated more than a thousand people, with strong support to the Department of Fu. After the Japanese army in Pingxingguan frustrated by Tojo Corps Chahar send the more I break Ru. Fu Yan Xishan proposed by the Jin to the main section to surround and annihilate the Department of the East alone in-depth, and then Itagaki Division to counterattack. YAN Jin to save power, rejected, resulting in the Department of the occupation Fanshi Tojo, pat dorsal Pingxingguan army. By the end of September, the Ministry was forced to Wutai Fu, on behalf of the county transfer, rotation headed xinkou areas against an enemy.
At this point, Niangziguan fall, Taiyuan emergency, the Department was ordered to Taiyuan Fu assembly. November 2, Yan Xishan military senior officers convened the meeting and to defend the Taiyuan City field according to the plan. In fact, to preserve their strength Yan, Jin has been the main force deployed Linfen and other places, so for the "defense of Taiyuan", Jin generals all silence. Although Zhi Fu Zuoyi not to, but his national interests, to come forward, decided to plead. "Equal to the union defend the glorious spoil, Taiyuan city, for keep!" Zhou Enlai as the 18 Army participated in the meeting, Fu Zuoyi that despite the difficulties on the spirit of deep respect, earnestly hope that he will "take care."
6, and the Communist Party, the Eighth Route Army to get along
December, Japanese troops committed south of Changsha, in order to contain and attract Japanese troops on the northern frontier of North China, Fu Zuoyi active battle assignment, day and night in 19 to 35 army as the main force, together with the riding seven divisions, long-range raid the enemy's strategic point - Baotou . Datong massive mobilization throughout the Japanese counterattack. Fu Department to complete withdrawal of Loop zone contain task. The campaign nearly round trip, the last half, wiping out two regiments of enemy troops and Yuandi Baotou 300 to 400 people, destroying enemy tanks 4. Car more than 60 vehicles.
Fu Zuoyi war since the Great Wall since 1933, full of patriotic enthusiasm, his military my hectic, led his troops fought in the battlefield against Japanese aggression more than 18,000 years, to the size of the battle, fight 290 times, repeated legislative exploits, as the KMT in the strongly anti-Japanese superstar.
1943 that "flood control both military" slogan, release irrigation loans, Tai Hing Water. Executive have set up water headquarters to deploy military, civilian workers. Up to 1,700 military repaired the trunk, the branch canal more than one thousands of miles, the irrigable area of 1000 mu, a moment of "Southern Frontier," the name.
May 1945, Fu Zuoyi go to Chongqing to participate in the Sixth National Congress of the Kuomintang, was elected Central Committee, and was promoted to commander of the 12th Theater.
As early as August 11, Fu Zuoyi accept the surrender order Chiang east, which was inaugurated as the 12th commander of the theater, the theater set up 12 "Demobilization Commission", since the chief director, consists of Sui Meng, Tianjin, northeast three groups. 15, divide our forces Suiyuan, Chahar, Rehe, to seize the town has been the Eighth Route Army liberated. October 24, troops liberated the people of invasive chaiguobu. Jin-Cha and I was crushed Fu Jinsui Department of Military invasion, police launch campaign Sui, Fu will focus on contract to Abortional, Baotou area. In late October, surrounded by our army Abortional, followed by invasion of Baotou, Fu Department, according to city clinging to December, active military withdrew, and Fu Jun, the Jin, Sui formed along the railway line east of confrontation.
Fu became North "Suppression of total", the use of regional defense policy, focus on maintenance of the strategic elements of the main forces to ensure security Pingjin Triangle. Is the end of the Shanxi Field to tie the Democratic Coalition of Northeast winter offensive, and gradually break up the triangle area Fujun Ping-chun, the defense, to some troops to attack Lai water. Fu made the main force of 35 troops south to reinforce, in mid-January 1948, New No. 32, east of Mountain Division in Lai Shui was I wiped out more than 7,000 new teachers, 32 teachers were killed Lee Ming Ding, commander Lu Yinglin in Gaobeidian suicide. Fu Zuoyi 35 years of operations the military is a direct descendant, Lu Yinglin in the Baoding Military Academy of his five students, chief of staff during the war. Lu suicide news of Fu Zuoyi tears, he began to think about, the anti-Japanese war on the 35 illustrious military record, why the loss of soldiers in the Civil War off the battlefield, even the defeat in? Japanese during the full support of the people, now why frosty, largely stayed away? Reputation for brave and skilled 35 Jun, now why morale is low, full of weariness, to avoid war sentiment? Harsh reality that he realized that popular support is an important factor in military victory or defeat. He then successively issued "Administrative Guidelines", "organize the people to approach Bill," and even follow the example of the Communist Party, in Beijing suburban land reform and "Reduction of Rent", and called his men "to serve the people." However, attempts to change without fundamental political and economic conditions of the system, using these improved methods to clean up the people to save the KMT's military weakness, of course, futile.
September, Liaoning Shenyang campaign began in October was around Jinzhou, Northeast was then. Chiang Kai-shek flew to Beijing, they quickly sent troops to aid Kam Fu Zuoyi, and transferred him to military families in Fuzhou, aid Kam fail, that rate of division south, to strengthen Hai, to ensure the JAC. The time in Jinan has been liberated, Jiang Junnan North land was completely cut off contact, Northeast battlefield defeat has been fixed. Fu Zuoyi size up the situation, know the situation is no different from sending troops to support Kam forfeited their own strength, the south is more controlled by Chiang Kai-shek, they are provided for light to fresh, only the status of personal command of Chiang Kai-shek to be effective commander refused to aid Kam. Fu Zuoyi in action that has not fully obey the command of Chiang Kai-shek.
Early November, the end of the Liaoning-Shenyang Campaign win, I battle the PLA's strategic direction for the rapid move to North battlefield. November 4, Chiang Kai-shek held the highest military conference in Nanjing, Chiang Kai-Fu Zuoyi to induce southward retreat, Xu, Southeast Chief Executive. Fu Zuoyi to preserve their power not to be eaten by Chiang Kai-shek, is that "stick to the North China is a global, retreated to the southeast is he sacrifice the long" and that adhere to Pingjin, to ensure the sea. Back to Peking, he erroneously estimated at least three months after the Northeast Field Army to fight through customs, then adopted a provisional keep Pingjin keep the sea in the capacity to view the current political situation changes in principle, be under the jurisdiction of the four corps, 12 a military of about 55 million contract in order to Pingjin as the center line of the East from the North rather Tangshan, Zhangjiakou west Suiyuan line up thousands of miles of rail line, the word snake into the array, and to Beijing, Zhangjiakou, Jingu zoned into three zones, groups and city defense fortifications built bunkers. Configuration in the force, will the Department of the army under Suiyuan line retreat on the northwest edge for the left posterior; will be placed in the North Central Military ning line, to protect against sea and southward retreat south of Northeast Field Army. But at the same time, Fu left for their own room for the path of peace.
November 1948, its early members, was the Chinese Liberation Action Committee (predecessor of Peasants and Workers Democratic Party) Central Committee, secretary of the Organizational Committee of the Pengze Xiang, Li Jishen commissioned by the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee Chairman, made a special trip from Hong Kong went to Beijing, Fu Zuoyi to work on, I hope for Fu uprising, from the reactionary government, peace and surrender of Peking regime.
Lin and Lo Liu replied the next day, saying, "Early Entry into Northeast main very difficult." One North East after the liberation forces of thinking big fluctuations in the northeast soldiers are afraid to leave home membership, afraid to walk too far, the growth of some cadres have begun to enjoy emotional; Second, additional recruits and captured soldiers have not yet ready for work should rather time, otherwise the flight would be more serious downsizing; Third Force winter (coat, Mianmao, shoes) have not been issued under. They think that to solve the ideological force to solve practical problems takes time, and the columns of the commanders, "they have asked to extend the break time."
November 7, 8, Peng Zexiang series of two letters to Mao Zedong, Mao Zedong brought by the character set of a (students of Fu and Mao Yi). Arranged underground in Beijing, Fu will carry the letter after a Shijiazhuang (then called Shek Mun) transit, the CPC Central Committee in November to reach the resident mid-Pingshan Xibaipo. 19, Mao Zedong, Lin Biao and the early call, Luo Ronghuan, Liu Yalou of this matter: "Fu Fu Zuoyi through Pengze Xiang and I and we will contact the uprising. Alleged that Fu has set general uprising, the intifada now consider the time and I have to deal with North Chiang the party with the other issues. is certainly a character has to Shek Mun, the day after tomorrow you can see, we do not intend to take this opportunity to go steady Fu Zuoyi to quickly solve the Central Army. "The next day, the name of Mao Zedong You Yi Nie Peng Zexiang drafted a telegram addressed so pay close attention Peng Fu Zuoyi uprising for the work done. Message said: "Mr. Fu brings virtual (7), cold (8) two days before big show, immediately turn goes to peak, brother personally think that a President (referring to Fu Zuoyi) only interested in the cause of peace, hope sent representatives to the Shijiazhuang reliable for the first step of the first contact, hope to convey a certain Mr. King. "
Northeast Field Army main force in the secret entry to the GATT in late November, 29 November, quickly surrounded the North China Field Army Corps Yang Chengwu Zhangjiakou. Fu Zuoyi to maintain the Sahara channel, so that the three divisions of 35 military reinforcements Zhangjiakou. In early December, Fu found that the Northeast Field Army crossed the border, Jidiao near Tianjin to Beijing eight divisions deployed in the vicinity. Order 35 Jun breakout from Zhangjiakou back against Beijing. 35 Jun breakthrough they are taken in the new security surrounded the North China Field Army. Thus, Fu road was completely cut off the Department of Western Sahara.
Beijing city, the surface calm concealed underwater surging torrent. Peng Zexiang the CPC Central Committee in favor of the peace talks will pay close attention to rapidly convey information Fu Zuoyi, and further by the eldest daughter of Fu, Fu Dongju underground Communist Party members work done and Fu. Soon, Fu that is sent to his official representative of the portable radio Choi, and Chinese Communist parties negotiate to the Liberated Areas. December 22, 1948, Fu Zuoyi to be included in the list of war criminals after the news release, Fu was a disappointment to leave hastily decided to take advantage of Peking and ordered his representatives to the talks back to Choi, the level interrupt negotiations with Communist China. Peng Zexiang heard about this situation, and immediately went to the White Hou less, please Houxiang Fu Long Chen gains and losses, persuaded not to take. Peng Fu Zuoyi teachers also found, with close friends Hou, please Fu Liu urged not to take such an unwise move. Soon, the Chinese Communists underground contacts to Pengze Xiang, Chang was concerned to convey the views of the CPC, said that although the list of war criminals, Fu, but it is not a problem since the peaceful uprising; hope Fu cooperation with the Chinese Communists, not to withdraw Italian sprouting. Peng, Zhang Xiangfu conveyed the views of the PRC, Fu calm than before many, especially Major General sent his Director of Civil Service week North Peak as his official representative, and requested the Pengze Xiang, Chang was accompanied, once again negotiate with Communist China.
At this point, the CPC Beijing Municipal underground city stepped up the fight for Fu Zuoyi to do its work and assigned to Fu Fu Dongju side, attention and interest at any time change his thinking; the same time to launch a progressive movement to carry out the peaceful liberation of Peking. Time, celebrities have urged Fu Zuoyi follow the people, take the road of peaceful uprising. Former mayor of Beijing Siyuan to run the peace, were agents of the murder of their daughter, also not back. Fu Zuoyi years of generals is to follow such as "headquarters" Director Wang Kejun Political, Economic Director Jichao Ding, contact the Director of Tenglong, Medical Director of Du Fu Jing-zhi, and the same senior political adviser Hou, Fu Zuoyi are urged to make early decisions and take peaceful liberation of Beijing's roads.
Positive for the Chinese Communist Party and various aspects of promotion, Fu Zuoyi finally decided to remove all kinds of obstacles, obstacles overcome in preparation for a key step towards peace in the uprising. Since the siege of Peking, the Chiang Kai-shek sent military orders to Fu Ping, Minister Xu Yongchang led his troops to go southward retreat two routes, along the sea route from Qingdao, Xingang withdrawal, all the way to Qingdao by land through Hebei. Fu Zuoyi failure to do the actual situation has been refused. After Fu Chiang estimates may have peace talks with Communist China, but also successively sent Zhengjie Min (Department of Defense Minister, leader of the KMT) and Chiang Wei to level activities, delivery Chiang Wei Chiang Fu brought a personal letter, it is also a "thousand armed forces are easy to get , one will be hard to find "the words that particularly rely on Fu, he led his troops to break through. Fu are "commitment to Beijing" to be rejected. Meanwhile, the U.S. Pacific Fleet commander also went to Beijing Jill White, said that if the Fu withdrawal, the U.S. Navy for assistance in the coastal. Fu, the Chinese people to do things the Chinese people got rejected. All that has been determined with Chiang Kai-shek Fu Zuoyi break, but the uprising in the acceptance of the terms and conditions, still have reservations.
January 14, 1949, Deng Baoshan North Peak, accompanied by the week, the People's Liberation Army Pingjin Datong Coal, the front-line command Ma Guest House and Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, Nie Rongzhen formal talks, the original negotiations, including Ping, Jin, Tong, Sui 4 to implement the peace liberation. That day, the PLA headquarters has been under the front Pingjin Tianjin general offensive that night on Tianjin. Suiyuan instructions leaving the question of the CPC Central Committee to resolve. To this end, the peaceful liberation of Peking, the two sides reached an agreement.
Fu Zuoyi united front policy in the Chinese Communist Party under the influence, all walks of life in Peking, under the impetus, he took the path of peace, be warmly welcomed by people across the country, are a tribute to Peking two million people, has also been more than 20 million in support of their officers and men. Communist Party of China
Fu Zuoyi uprising, and actively work towards the peaceful liberation of Suiyuan. Beijing signed a peace agreement soon, he was flat on an audience of Dong Qiwu to be persuaded to follow his directors that holds the path of peace with determination. February, Chairman Mao Zedong met him, talked to him the principle of solving the problem Suiyuan. He followed the instructions of Mao Zedong, to promote military and political authorities and the North China People's Government Suiyuan signed on Suiyuan demarcation, transportation, finance, trade and contact the institutions to send in Sui agreements on specific issues. Sui Wang Kejun so went sent along to help Dong Qiwu implementation of the agreement, and a series of complex issues dealing with Suiyuan to Dong Qiwu timely guidance. July 14, Fu to submit a comprehensive report to Chairman Mao Zedong Suiyuan reports and recommendations as soon as possible to resolve Suiyuan uprising. In late August, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Deng Baoshan to send him to the realization of sui led uprising. Was considered to be "Fanghuguishan." Mao criticized this view, with great confidence to Fu. Fu to the Sui, the Chiang Kai-shek sent his personal letter to the header carrying Xu Yongchang, Fu got me trying to Guangzhou, Fu was sternly refused; confidential telegram bureau chief Maoren Feng sui secret hidden in the leaders, were assassinated on the Fu, the plot also Fu, etc. are crushed. In Fu Zuoyi, Deng Baoshan, Dong Qiwu such co-operation, finally achieved Suiyuan 919 the intifada.
11, sunset is magnificent, General Love Reaching
In 1974, Fu Zuoyi exacerbations, Premier Zhou Enlai ill to the hospital to see him, he said: "Chairman Mao said you people who have great merit." Fu was very pleased to hear.
In late 1948, 1O, People's Liberation Army in Jinzhou, Changchun, is hoping that the North China People's Liberation Army marched in Shanxi, Inner Mongolia operations forces liberated Hebei empty, Chiang Kai-shek see chances, especially fly Beijing, Fu Zuoyi organization that elite forces stormed the seat of the CPC Central Committee Chromoplast slope, and the bombing of Shihmen. Fu Zuoyi accept the mission, ordered the reorganization of E-Friends of the three cavalry brigades and 12 of the 90 Si-Jun Zheng Tingfeng composition raid forces advance to Shek Mun area.
You are a great contribution to Beijing, should award you a medal as big as the Temple of Heaven. ---- Mao Fu Zuoyi assessment.
Translated by Google