现代中国  (1906 AD)

Township：	江苏常州
 Scholar： 《百年奇迹的人生：周有光百岁口述》 Read works of Zhou Youguang at 历史大观 Read works of Zhou Youguang at 百家争鸣

　　January 13, 1906 Born in Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province, and later moved to Suzhou. Started school in 1923, St. John's University, Shanghai; Shanghai in 1925 "Thirtieth Incident", along with all the students and professor of Chinese nationals to leave school, change school students read founded Guanghua University, graduating in 1927. From 1928 to 1949, taught at the University Guanghua, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Institute of Education; working Sin Hua Bank, the Bank of New York presence. Returned after the liberation of Shanghai in 1949 as Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Economics Institute of Finance and Economics Professor. In October 1955 in the National Reform Conference text, as the Chinese characters after the Reform Commission and the State Language Work Committee researcher, Adjunct Professor, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Participate in formulation of Chinese Phonetic Alphabet, the three principles proposed by the program, the program announced in 1958. Hanyu Pinyin Orthography over the formulation of the basic rules proposed Orthography and internal conflicts, the basic rules published in 1988. From 1979 to 1982 attended the International Organization for Standardization Technical Conference literature, the organization recognized by the international polling for the Pinyin spelling of Chinese international standards (ISO 7098). Participate in formulation of the deaf education program with the Chinese finger alphabet (published 1963) and the Chinese syllable finger design. 1958 to lecture at Beijing University and Renmin University of character curriculum, lecture "Introduction to Chinese Reform" published in 1961, 1st edition, 1979, 3rd edition, 1985, translated into Japanese, published in Japan. 1980, as a translator Encyclopedia Britannica's editorial board and the Sino-US Joint Advisory Council member of China 3. Publication, "construction of the new language" (1992), "a new era of the new language" (1999), described the historical process of linguistic life, the double language of human life, national and international common language, common language formation and development. Published "Talk about Chinese Language" (1992), diminishing the effectiveness of proposed rate of Chinese characters, Chinese character phonetic phonetic rate effective to explain the principles finishing the four Chinese characters (setting, tuning, sequencing, quantitative). Published in "Modern Chinese Characters who made" (1980), published in "character and cultural issues" (2000), advocated the study of modern Chinese Characters; Shanghai Normal University, East China Normal University, Beijing University has set up modern Chinese learning courses. Published "Chinese internal law and Chinese input technology" (1983), described by the word given the word principle and the principle of phonetic characters change, advocated words, phrases, and discourse as the unit doubles Quanpin method to transform Chinese technology instead of Pinyin shape coding, the software made in 1983. Published in 1997, "History of the World Text", published in 1998, "Comparison of Learning of the text," Comparison of text to promote science research, writing the history of the world understand the Chinese characters in the historical status; produce six books have universal applicability, the text-phase Classification; on the development of human language to explore a new law; Tsinghua University as a teaching material used. 83-year-old retired in 1989, to continue research and writing at home. Published in 2000, "modern culture shock", explained the history of the world's four kinds of traditional Chinese cultural comparison and the halo and shadow. Select the 90-year-old in 2001 after the publication of some articles compiled "Zhou Youguang mane oldest old text", to promote Chinese culture, every success is more on the step, adaptation of information and globalization. Has published more than 20 kinds of books has been published in more than 300 articles. After retirement, writing constantly, in 2005 there "Zhou Youguang hundred new draft," a book published. Was the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth CPPCC National Committee.
　　Zhou Youguang's ancestors is a distinguished family in Changzhou, Jiangsu, in his own words is a literary family, possession of many books, "but it's all classical."
　　In 1923, Zhou Youguang into Shanghai St. John's University student, "that the Church schools, libraries casual look, then I not only fancy instruments, but also read books in English," At the time of the Zhou Youguang affected by the leftist trend, thus the determination Reading "Capital", "For us," Capital "is important, but there were no Chinese, I work hard to read in English, the results can not read, not the text read, but do not see the content to understand. "Thus, the pleasure of reading is often not understanding the first pass on the jump to understand the second time in between.
　　One dish cabinet features a bookcase and the situation only to the reform and opening up, only better. At that time, Zhou Youguang units where construction of a new simple building, two small share of the two four-bedroom. A small room, 9 square meters also feature unique to do for his study and the passenger compartment, "My desk is small, only 90 cm long, 55 cm wide, half put the manuscript, put half of the electronic typewriter. Desk has broken and small, once I play poker, suddenly one disappears, the original crack leakage from the desktop to the following drawer. "
　　Shen called him "Wikipedia Week"
　　In fact, Zhou Youguang also "Wikipedia Week" nickname, which is due to Jaafari Shen metamorphosis. In college, Zhou Youguang and Encyclopedia Food of Love had forged a.
　　Was more interesting to the reform and opening period, the Sino-US cultural cooperation between the two countries engage in the work, which has a means to translate the United States, "Encyclopedia Britannica." Zhou Youguang even do the "Concise Encyclopedia Britannica," the Chinese version of one of the three editors, the other two editors are Liu Zunqi and Qian Wei-chang. "In fact, the" Encyclopaedia Britannica "was originally the British because the British during World War II, many enterprises are sold to the United States," Encyclopedia Britannica "as well. We translate" Encyclopedia Britannica ", but since the domestic purchasing power was very poor, to compress into 10, known as the "Concise Encyclopedia Britannica," "From this we called Zhou Youguang more reason for the" Week Wikipedia. "
　　Zhou Youguang explained that he lived in that building next door, there stood a small room all his economics books. However, after retirement, he donated units of these books the library, "I had changed, not to engage in economics, while engaged in learning the language." Thus, in the Zhou Youguang the shelves are mostly listed linguistics, philology book: "Language Papers Collection," "foreign language dictionary," "common dictionary word formation", even as small as a national language of the books are in them.
　　After retirement, Zhou Youguang began casually reading books, mainly to see the world history, cultural issues around the study, which became another of his research points of interest. Bookshelves more historical, cultural books: "Global History", "History of World Civilization," "cultural regeneration under SG bath," "Hurricane diseases of civilization into the age." "" Global History "," History of World Civilization, "is important, not the previous history of globalization, these two books there is the vision of globalization."
　　"Now scholarship, you do not read foreign books is not enough." Thus, Zhou Youguang friends and relatives abroad, often to his bookstore to buy books from abroad, Jishu. Until now, the English version of "Yearbook" is a must buy book Zhou Youguang one year, "I buy every year from foreign countries," Yearbook ", because access to information."
　　Although Zhou Youguang basically staying at home, but the new cultural phenomenon even a little strange. Have the bookshelves in his book on Dan, even refuted in Dan's book also be evil.
　　Come to this, the academic, literary and art circles and society at large, there are some people who are called masters. Revered master, they are not clearly master the "big" where. Well-known scientist from the language of my body felt Zhou Youguang some very unique things.
　　Mr. Zhou Youguang has been 103 years old, who appears in the knowledge that he certainly is senile, full of decadent air. However, the opposite is true. In addition to his slightly deaf, the other side are "without incident", and clear thinking, and dynamic. Why is this so? May wish to tell the two stories I know. First: Mr. Zhou Youguang just transferred to Beijing, Shanghai, Peking University, living on the beach in early Republican primary for the construction of German experts in a small house. Is a small house, but the room allocated to him is very small, and fell into disrepair, to take the air leaks. In this connection, he specifically for the "new Lou Shi Ming" be realistic: "the bedroom is the kitchen room, dining convenience; bookcase doubles as a food cupboard, dishes are scholarly." "Threshold broken, the high side uninvited guest; floor dancing, old friends welcome to come." 2 is: often heard old people say: "I am old, and live one day less a day." Zhou Youguang's attitude is different. He said: "as old as I do not care, one day I was living one more day." So, he 81 years old as 1 year old, the age calculated from the beginning. In his 92 years of age, have kids and send him greeting cards, the above is written: "Congratulations to 12-year-old grandfather Happy New Year!" Met with this greeting card, he felt happy for three days without sleep.
　　"Letter of the Story" Shanghai Oriental Bookstore 1st edition 1954. Shanghai Education Press, 1958 revised edition. "Phonetic alphabet basics" text Reform Press, 1959, 1st edition.
　　"Chinese finger on the set of letters" (Zhou Youguang waiting), text Reform Press Release 1 1965.
　　"Language situation" language of reform, 1981 1st edition.
　　"Hanyu Pinyin Vocabulary" (edited) text Reform Press, early 1958 manuscript, an updated version of 1964, Chinese Press, 1989, renumbered this.
　　"Primitive accumulation of capital" of East China People's Publishing House, 1954 edition, Shanghai People's Publishing House, 1955 edition.
　　"Time evolution of the Chinese language," "Understanding China Series" Tsinghua University Press, 1997 1st edition.
　　"Discussion of human language to say" "The Hundred Languages of small series," Language Press, 2000 1st edition.
　　"Modern culture shock" Beijing Joint Publishing 2000 1st edition.
　　"Zhou Youguang hundred new draft" of New Joint Publishing.
　　Than half a century, Zhou Youguang in the field of language hard work and innovation at home and abroad had widespread influence. His wide range of research areas, research centers, is the modern Chinese language, the results are:
　　Third, comparative philology and the text of the law of development. Zhou Youguang study found that the characteristics of the text determined by cultural (including religious) communication, is not determined by the characteristics of the language; he proposed the "three-phase classification text" (symbol shape, discourse, expressions), and the spread of Chinese characters History is divided into "learning, borrow, copy, create a" four stages.
　　Mr Chow is the older language scholars, have reached the ripe old age, but of academic thought he had been in the times ahead. Chow So this can be important because of his vision of the world, look at China from the world.
　　- Pathway of (Fudan University)
　　Dad said, observing his life to be out of their own. Later he did out of his own. He from the Chinese literacy, world language development, comparative philology, then the law of development of human culture, the problem results from the three books. He told us and our next generation of systematically organized knowledge is helpful.