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Origin [Yongzhou] Jingzhao Shadow of Tu [today Xi'an]
No relevant record appearance
Big Town, the county official to General Hussein bestowed 征南大将军 open government Miriam said, as with the three Division Posthumous
Unknown father, mother, family information
Sima's spouse (high land Princess)
Unknown brothers and sisters
Du Xi children
Sun DU Yi women for Jincheng Di Queen
Related People Du Hua Xi Yang Hu Sima Yan Wang Jun
Forces have played Xi-Jin
Concise History Biography
Romance concise biography
Du Yu man inanimate, and diligence, the most avid reader of Zuo "Spring and Autumn Annals," when people mean by "Zuo Zhuan" addiction. Before his death, is recommending the Yang Hu, Jin then worship the Lord Sima Yan, General military governor expected to Town, Jingzhou big thing. Du Yu Wang Jun and others near the table with the cutting Wu, Jin Lord determined to send troops, Du Yu was ordered for the big military governor, leading the arms 100,000 Gangneung. After the night attack in the battle music village, taking into account Gangneung, and pacify the people, Yuan, Xiang are lookout turn to the south of India. Wuchang City, landing, Du Yu Fen Hu refute the negative military policy, galloping straight for pay dating Zhu Jiang Jianye, set a great service for the Conquest of Wu.
Historical Evaluation
Leaning to have Sheng Zhi, used the practice, policy and capture a long vibration, and Confucianism, which fought the wind. Confucius said the four, then the Yang-chih Third; "Spring" has five, while the single good at first, not their superior Secular! Husband's funeral three years, Cloud is equally important. Wins in the reign of light fiber can Hing is cheap; Jizang released on Prince, How cool Slovakia. Many have suggested, to sexual immorality, not for its being a contemporary of the Yuan-liang, the princes of the Bastard, Tan Gong Li who are accustomed to change, he has a Yan Du Yu. "Du Yu Jin Shu Chuan"
Archives of the oath tour, pregnant by the rare element. Yuan Kevin Field, known as the arsenal. "Du Yu Jin Shu Chuan"
Songs of the Southern soil, saying: "No later betrayed by the Dubon, what name and Isao intellectual knowledge." "Book of Jin Du Yu Chuan"
Details
Du Yu (AD 222-284), character Kay, Jingzhao Empress Du (now Xi'an South East) who, during the Western Jin Dynasty famous statesman, military strategist and scholar, Conquest of Wu by one unified commander of the war. Du Yu learned before, understands the political, military, economic, calendar, precepts, and engineering, many achievements, as the "Du arsenal." Planning and involvement in the Battle of Wu Ping, after reunification be prepared to consolidate stability and the situation. Author of "Zuo The Annals" and "Spring and Autumn release cases", etc.
Officials aristocratic family learned through
Wei Du Yu was born in the family senior government bureaucrats. Grandfather had great merit in Du Cao Ky, who has served as Huqiangxiaoyu, Dong prefect, Si Li Xiaowei and Shang Pu She and other staff, a glimpse of the Fung Lok Ting Hou. Du Shu was appointed the quiet father prefectural governor, and to receive care Karasuma XiaoWei Jianwu general duties.
Du Yu Although the growth in Guanhuan people, but not only knew the kind of pleasure Wan Ku children. A child, he read, diligent in writing, on the economic, political, calendar, law, mathematics, history and engineering disciplines have research. Who gave him the time a "Du arsenal" nickname, he learned through praise, as the same arsenal, nothing is there. He especially liked to read, "Zuo Zhuan", claiming to have "Zuo Zhuan" addiction.
Ky Du Du Yu's grandfather was the famous minister three Wei, Dong as prefect 16 years, because Xun Yu, Geng Ji close relationship of trust from Cao Cao, Cao Pi ascended the throne until, only title, as the Guannei Hou, into court as the Book of History. After Cao Pi on behalf of the Chinese emperor, Tu Ky into labeled Tinghou, 100. To act as a proxy Si Li Shang XiaoWei until the yellow first three years, Ky remains Shang Du, "Three Kingdoms" Pi of the discipline record, "Autumn in July, so Shang Chi Jie Du Ky open to relief of the Depository." Shows that he is also a Pi do not reuse, as early as two days in yellow, and Xun Yu Du Ky also recommend the Sima Yi Shang Youpu She already is a. Huang three years until the beginning of October, Cao Zheng Wu, Ky Du Shang Pu She was promoted to the post, Du Ky staying Luoyang. Xuchang again to four years in September Pi, let Du Ky rear, and Shouzhao manufacturing dragon boat, the Book of Pu She is a teacher do such a thing Baiguan itself should not result in a telephone interview that Du Ky died when the boat pilot, Cao Pi and his The victims also some sad, but only posthumously Taipu, chengs for the Book of Pu She died posthumously Sagong, the Book of Pushe high position, only posthumously Taipu not respected.
Jing Yuan for four years (AD 263) in May, Weijun Bing Shu cutting a large scale in three columns. Du Yu was appointed as the main force commander General Bell will be the Town, House Nagao. Wei Gong Mie Shu, Shu Chung will co-conspirators to Jiang Wei, ready to kill the same to the Wei generals to separatism Yizhou. The following year the first month, Bell will be in implementing the scheme, was killed by marauders. Wei Wei Jianjun Guan another opportunity to understand the plot to kill Deng Ai. In this turmoil, the bell will be killed many Liaoshu. His colleagues were killed, Du Yu survived by virtue of wisdom. Later, power was increased due to closure 1000. He sympathized with the experience of Deng Ai should be a small number of general requirements for one of Deng Ai a redress of grievances.
Xian Xi Dynasty (AD 264) in July, commissioned by SIMA Zhao Xun Xu, Jia Chong, Pei Xiu, Zheng Chong et conversion ritual, legal, bureaucratic. When Shou Du Yu Yin Henan, was ordered to participate in the formulation of the law. The law is the throne Taishi four years (AD 268) issued by the Shanxi law, it inherits the Han Dynasty, under the Kai Tang, on the later of the feudal law has a great influence. Presided over the official name is Jia Chong Amendments to the Law, in fact Du Yu took on the most arduous labor, all of Law's notes Jin done by him. Du Yu in "Law Order" stated: "Laws to Positive charges, so as to keep things" system ("Tai Ping Yu Lan" Juan Liu 38). This is a clear distinction between the legal history of Chinese law (penal system), Order (regulations) the first definition, promotion law of the development of It is by virtue of this principle, which makes Han Jin-law than the old law's boundaries more distinct, system more complete. Du Yu also suggested that the standard sentencing law officials, the book is not reasonable, so the law should entry by cutting the texts are simple and popular, easy to understand so that people dare not violate. Han Jin-law the previous law, characterized by harsh penalties broken, dense items, namely, more than 770 million words, 26,000 more than a thousand articles, repetitive, bad memory, for the officials to provide a fraud, and from the chance of fraud. Although this made the Wei government reform, but the changes are limited. Du Yu Jin-law claims based on the Han drastically to cut the old law, only 2900 hundred articles, 126 000 thousand words, so Tang praised its "Real said, light level, known as the simple" (" of the Sui Dynasty "). Emperor Wu Emperor Wudi on behalf of the Wei emperor, the pillar of aristocratic families of their political power to implement the policy of indulgence. Therefore, abnormal dark society of corruption, at all levels of officials Yingyinggougou public phase plug off, cover each other. Taishi four years (AD 268), the Leaning against this situation, proposed to Emperor Wu of the examination system to implement, in accordance with the official assessment of the actual situation merits, and then treated differently, or to move or dismiss. Du Yu's proposal, but not for the court to accept.
Taishi six years (AD 270) in early due to offend Sili Xiaowei Du Yu Shi Kam, was removed from office Yin Shou Henan. June, Emperor Wu enable him out of town border, first as Anxi Army Division, he served as lead East prefectural governor Qin Qiang XiaoWei, LRT general. Du Yu just Qinzhou office, his rival Shi Kam also arrived here. Shi Kam functions to the military governor Qinzhou Anxijiangjun various military, is Du Yu's boss. At that time, Du Yu Longyou area where very stable, functional tree XianBei alopecia Rebellion, great power, Emperor Wu sent to suppress the generals, not defeat, is killed. Shek Kam officials settle personal scores, order only 300 soldiers, 100 Pi Zuoji of Du Yu attack. Du Yu Shi Kam see through the conspiracy, refused to die. Kam said he argued with stone, grass horse manure in June containing the basic combat XianBei not contract, while the government supplies the army's manpower problems must focus on pre-settlement time of war can only be so in the second year in the spring. Du Yu's observations in his "five no, four do not have to." Du Yu refused to send troops, angered Shi Jian. Shek Kam find a charge, will be sent to the arrest of Du Yu Ting Yu Offences. Thanks to Du Yu and the royal family had marital relations, in "Eight meeting" pardon the scope to save his life, but still lost the title of nobility. Soon, Shi Kam in a battle, the function played by alopecia tree fiasco, the fact that Du Yu's opinion is correct. Taishi seven years (AD 271) in November, living in the Shanxi region Huns Liu Meng Shuai in the Emirates, led the armed uprising. Du Yu Ming was raised as a little, good planning, the court re-use of his military staff to seek the National Assembly. Soon, he was named Book of the degree of support, in charge of the Government's economic and financial matters. From then until Xianning four years (278), Du Yu total of seven degree of support as Shang. In the meantime, because the stone example of her own revenge, he once dismissed, but it was too short. In office, Leaning to the throne were put forward 50 recommendations of a number of state and army, including the construction of regular open, grain price adjustments, salt controller management, lesson design and border transfer of the build, etc. . In addition, he also fully display their wisdom and active scientific invention. Pre-manufacturing community who ranked the success of new devices, and copy the long-lost interjection device. In order to solve the traffic problems in Luoyang, he was against all the odds, presided over the construction of the rich Pingjin Bridge. In the bridge process, from design to construction to pay Du Yu are great energy. Du Yu found that the prevailing sub calendar sundial degree, has been calculated, to correct the difference of them contradictory, revised the "duality dryness calendar." This experience validated, and finally replaced calendar, known to the world movement.
Xianning four autumn, Yan Yu Zhu gun, heavy rains, the Western Jin Dynasty ruled a large area within the region waterlogging, Emperor Wu issued an edict seeking dollars. Du Yu has twice written to statements before and after the disaster plan. These two received the "Book of Jin Food and Money," descendants of the memorial is an important document Jin material socio-economic conditions. Since that time Du Yu made disaster research, he analysis of the causes of the disaster relief measures proposed, more in line with the actual situation. He pointed out that extensive reclamation, fire, water, hoe farming and water conservancy facilities (reservoir dam) state of disrepair is the root cause catastrophic consequences. "Pei dam-year-old decision, Leung metamict Pu Wei, Ze disheartened by the occasion of the Habitat. Surface Shiyi, grazing species, trees, Rhizoctonia, are also victims of Pei. Pei as many thin shallow soil, no less than Liaohe Run. So for every water, rain, Zhe Fu cross flow, extension and landing field. "Leaning to believe that the answer can only be bad Pei Xuan diarrhea. "Common sense words, doing nothing more useless product water, conditions were waterlogging this urn overflow, much disaster. Robinson that his misconduct, shall not build Ning Xie." Which reasonable construction of the "Old Han's old Pei dam and the valley of private small Pei, both when the repairs to water. " On "Wei Li Ji Zhu since the rain had made the dike Pu Wei, Ma intestinal Pei and the like, are never Lek of." "Bad Yan Yee Pei Zhu Yudong sector, with its return and advocacy to." As for the victims, in addition to relying on government relief officials Valley, but also allows them to present day with fish to. If bad Pei plan to achieve, "go after the water, silt filling the fields, acres of debt Chung. To a large species of spring cereals, grains will be abundance, this is also another benefit next year." Mu Du Yu also proposed Code does not drive the kind of cattle for farming leased to the victims. In the last book of the Western Jin Du Yu expressed concern about the efficiency of government. He condemned some sectors, individual officials proceed only from their own interests, mutual disputes, buck-passing, in some areas of disaster relief work can not continue.
South to Xiangyang Chen Ping Wu 3
In November the same year, Emperor Wu was named for the Town, a large general Du Yu. Ordered after the south Du Yu Xiangyang (present-Xiangfan City, Hubei Province), replacing the original dead Jingzhou Yang Hu captaincy duties for the upcoming Conquest of Wu-war-fighting preparation.
At that time, the country has not yet unified, only Banbiheshan Western Jin Dynasty, the kingdom of Wu still control the area south of the Yangtze River. However, the Sun Wu's strength is weaker than the Western Jin Dynasty, together with political instability, it is difficult to contend with the Western Jin Dynasty. Emperor Wu came to the throne after the Conquest of Wu has been to start a war, but the West is no consensus within Jinchao Ting. In addition to Yang Hu, Zhang and a few other ministers supported the idea of Emperor Wu, the most ambiguous attitude. Court some of the most powerful figures, like Jia Chong, Xun Xu held a different opinion, etc., so missed some exterminate Sun Wu's excellent fighter. Xianning four-spring front Jingzhou Yang Hu Jin coach suddenly ill, has been indecisive in the throne some regret, want to sick leave for Yang Hu, Yang Hu, but soon died. Before his death, Yang Hu Du Yu recommend to the throne to succeed himself, that he could play that role. Du Yu Yang Hu recommend the one hand, because the internal debate in court, Yang Hu Du Yu always stood side to actively support the Conquest of Wu by the war; the other is superior because of the military to Du Yu. Du Yu Xiangyang stationed south of the border is the Western Jin Dynasty capital of Jingzhou. At that time, the Western Jin and Sun Wu have a Jingzhou, the formation of North-South confrontation. Beginning of the war, Du Yu's first task is to win Sun Wu of Jingzhou.
Du Yu arrived Jingzhou, the active military deployment, while troops Xiling surprise. Xiling (now Southeast Yichang, Hubei) is the western border town of Sun Wu, strategy is very important. As long as the Jin army to break through the Xiling, Yizhou's navy can down the river, ride Jingzhou. The importance of Xiling, Sun Wu has also been attention. Wu Kingdom general pointed out, Xiling is the west gate of Sun Wu, Xiling lost the entire Jingzhou not be secure. Therefore, to his son, Lu Kang Wu Kingdom, never relaxed the control on the Xiling. But Du Yu Lu Kang find since the death of the main Sun Hao Wu gradual reduction of troops here. Only stationed here, the Governor of the famous Sun Wu Zhang Zheng; not eliminated Zhang Zheng, Xiling may well become a war, a huge obstacle on the way forward Jin. Thus, the implementation of a Collateral Du Yu measure. He selected a number of Jingzhuang army of soldiers, a sudden attack on Zhang Zheng. Du Yu Zhang Zheng Although the arrival of alert, but never expected him to attack on arrival, which was not prepared defeat in. Sun Hao Zhang Zheng afraid to punish him, did not truthfully report the situation. Du Yu Sun Haosheng of suspicious early understanding of the subjects as not quite trust, deliberately sent the prisoners captured in the Xiling the capital of Sun Wu Jianye. Sun Hao turned in dollars, angrily recalled Zhang Zheng, Xian Liu appointed supervisor Wuchang take over his duties. Before the war, the enemy generals moved easily, the military unrest, which was Jin's victory created favorable conditions. Xianning five years (AD 279) in August, Du Yu ready, request a letter to the throne go to war. At this time, stationed in front of Yangzhou Wang Jin Hun coach claimed that Sun Wu, on the table to pour nation military attack fat Jin. Opposition took the opportunity to make irresponsible remarks, which makes the throne of the DuYu battle assignment hesitation, finally agreed to Conquest of Wu's plan actually deferred to the next year.
Du Yu that Emperor Wu changed their mind and are very anxious. Once again a letter, to state their views. He said that Sun Wu's troops very tight, to keep the summer I can only concentrate on the east, even the Western line are able to reinforce. Du Yu mildly criticized the throne to listen to rumors, plans to give up Conquest of Wu, is actually the enemy to support patients and give the enemy breathing space. In his view, Conquest of Wu steady confidence in the victory parade of war, even if not successful, you will not lose anything. For a letter to Du Yu, Emperor Wu is still slow noncommittal. Du Yu anxious and exasperated, the third letter to request an immediate war. He angrily criticized the opposition, regardless of national interests, not only afraid of the dark psychological and other meritorious acts shameful. Du Yu also pointed out to the throne, because we have to attack the news has been leaked Soochow, Soochow may have to take countermeasures, it is bound to destroy us Soochow war brought many new difficulties. When Du Yu's current petition was sent to the throne there, the minister is to accompany Emperor Wu Zhang chess. Zhang immediately opened the board, advised the throne should not indecisive, and begged him to adopt the recommendations of Du Yu. This time, Jia Chong, Xun Xu, and others out loud opposition. Minister Shan Tao even a lame argument to say: "there must be external rather internal troubles. Leave a Soochow, avoid civil strife, might be pieces of matter be a good few times as a letter to Du Yu, the attack was an analysis of the situation of Sun Wu Seiji Chu, Emperor Wu finally decided to immediately send troops to attack Sun Wu.
Conquest of Wu meritorious battle
This year in November, the throne to mobilize more than 200,000 troops, initiated security Six Road, sea and land into homogeneous, massive attack Soochow. Du Yu in this war not as a coach, appointed him the throne just west line command, the specific task of taking Gangneung, accounting Jingzhou, Jingzhou district and is responsible for the disposal of interests in the prefectural governor Wang Jun of the Navy.
Xianning six years (280 AD) the first month, Du Yu ordered his troops surrounded Gangneung. Gangneung city defense firm, easily defensible. Du Yu do not want to consume time and strength, it is not F around. Gangneung and outside the cut off contact, he immediately mobilized troops west part of the attack, seizing a number of city along the Yangtze River. One dark night, Du Yu to send some competent generals, led 800 of his soldiers to attack Jingzhuang the music of Jiangnan village. Force under the cover of darkness, who undetected through the Yangtze River. Them in accordance with the coach's trick, on the one hand in the mountains around the ignition, set the flag, bluff; the one hand, divide our forces attacked the nearby village music all vital areas. As a result, the rural town of Wu Jun Lok Sun Xin scared restless military governor, Wu Jun also panic everywhere, not arbitrary action. Then, Du Yu Zhe Zhi troops on ambush in the music village outside the city, waiting for a chance siege. Happened, this time from the river bank there is a return to Le village Wu Jun; Du Yu's men would dress up in mixed teams in the Wu Jun slipped into the city, captured military governor Wu Jun Xin Sun. Du Yu Qiao fun design village, so that officers and men under the Ministry of admiration. They said: "boss fight with a trick, really ah one by one when the 10 000
After clearing the periphery in Gangneung, Gangneung Du Yu won quickly, take Jingzhou. Then eastward into the Du Yu, Jin separate ways with other parts of the capital to attack Sun Wu Jianye. Someone had a fear of entering a row, during a military meeting on, the weather turned hot, rain increased susceptibility to northern soldiers acclimatized for preventing diseases, should wait until winter to continue to enter. Du Yu disapproval, of the entire war situation, said: "Now we successive win, morale has been boosted, is in need of one go. War is like splitting bamboo, as long as the split sections, the bottom will be solved." Du Yu's views have for everyone by accept the situation after the war, just as predicted by Du Yu as developing.
In the east into the same time, Du Yu also divide our forces south, taking the cross state, Guangzhou, which is now Guangxi and Guangdong provinces. Battle the Conquest of Wu, Du Yu meritorious services were beheaded, the military governor captured Sun Wu, Jianjun a class of senior officials 14 people, teeth door for a class of intermediate Mayor officials as many as 120 people.
Du Yu himself, hardly any martial arts. "Book of Jin," The preaching, he will not even ride a horse, archery technology is also very bad. But every military activity, the court summoned him to be chief of staff planning. He know the enemy and close friend, and good at battle of wits with the enemy. War in the Conquest of Wu, Wu who hated Du Yu, mainly because he was good at using military forces, often with a fatal blow to the enemy. Du Yu large neck disease, neck Soochow man gave the dog wear a bailer, a long packet to see the tree, write "Du Yu neck", and then cut to vent their hatred on the Du Yu.
Fall of the Jin Sun Wu's war is an important history of the war. It ended the Han Dynasty, the three countries separated by the state since the split, the Chinese return to unification. It is also the Wei four hundred years the only successful one united war. Leaning in this war shows military prowess, achievement is outstanding.
Western Jin Conquest of Wu, after the reunification of the country, continue to guard Du Yu Xiangyang. He was opposed to world stability, we will be abandoned military point of view, during his tenure, has never relaxed the training of troops. Leaning to the Jingzhou army's defense focus to deal with the local ethnic minority areas.
Tai Hong leap in December five years (AD 285 in January), Du Yu was mobilized to the central office Sili Xiaowei, the way the county line to Deng, suddenly died, aged 60-year-old.
Du Yu lifetime of writing a lot. Written by him, "Zuo The Annals," 30 volumes, is "Zuo Zhuan" notes a popular first date, income "Thirteen Classics" in the. According to "Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi" records, Tang Du Yu's book reservations to the world, as well as "Zuo Zhuan tone," three volumes, "Zuo Zhuan commentary" two volumes, "Spring and Autumn release cases," 15 volumes, "law of the" 20 volumes, "Miscellaneous legal" seven-volume, "mourning to set" two volumes, "Women in mind," ten volumes and 18 volumes of his collected works. Another "Spring and Autumn long experience" and so on.
Translated by Google