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龚自珍Life
Zhen life can be divided into three stages:
③ 29-year-old to death. Jiaqing 20 years will test defeat, he has participated in five examinations. Daoguang nine (1829), will test the sixth before the Scholars, when he was 38 years old. In the meantime, he is still in the book cabinet. Daoguang 15 years (1835), to move the people from the government as principal. Temple priests walk into Libu principal. Two years later, they make up a principal subject and object Secretary. Such are the humble office, hardship lower official. 48 years old, resign Go South (Daoguang 19, 1839). 50 years old, perish in Danyang Yunyang College (Daoguang 20 year, 1841), the second year when the Opium War. This time, he was more profound understanding of political reality, made a number of reform proposals, to write many well-known comments, such as "home province Western Conference", "barbarian ship strike Southeast Conference", "Nguyen Chronicle Book of first order," " Public Order and Imperial Commissioner Hou Guanlin send "and the history, philosophy papers such as" Emperor of ancient history "and so on. There are many famous essay literature, such as "fishing worm," "Ling Shu-Jin", "resume Jun Yi Hai Yangzhou in mind," "disease Mei Museum in mind" and so on. Many of his famous poems such as "make public juvenile line," "Ode to History", "west of Flower and Song" and "Yi Hai Miscellaneous Poems" and so on, are also works of this period. Zhen zhen ink academic thought and political life of the times, is the unity of the collapse of the feudal state in decline, semi-feudal to a new stage of history, class conflict between domestic and foreign aggressive forces of capitalism deepened.
Zhen starting from the young, profoundly aware of the feudal state of serious crisis, with a special sensitivity. "Autumn gas does not surprise hall Yan, sunset also love street crows." ("Inner Challenge the wall, plays Chow Pak-tim of the original rhyme") Liang said: "The whole country side The Sound Pacific, Er Bi (referring to the Opium) generation to cope with their worries if the crisis , constant phase refers to day painting, the regulation plan for the world. "(" Introduction to Ch'ing Dynasty ") as early as Jiaqing twenty-five years, he has pointed out that" since the beginning of Capital, takes almost four, probably well-off become poor households, poor families have become hungry families, "" the overall situation of the provinces, neither can support almost precarious on Day "(" home province Western Conference "). In Daoguang three years, he recognized the foreign capitalist aggression profoundly serious national crisis, that "nearly but Ying Yi, is a bit huge fraud, refusal of the knocking at the gate, child sex of the beetles country" ("Chronicle of the First Book of History Nguyen Order "). His times of crisis, not just feel it acutely, but also actively recommend saving it; he must inevitably change the future of the times, and sent to the illusion of passion and hope. Zhen at the beginning of the transition era. The development of his thought, there is a difficult, complex and tortuous process. He was initially accepted by Dai, Duan, Wang Nian Sun, Wang cited the Orthodox represented textual criticism. Textual criticism of the fence, he rushed out, not to family learning and study style of the limited time. In reality, the major social movements inspired by the peasant uprising, he characteristic sharp eye on the reality of reality. In the "good of the Ming", "the occasion of chopsticks B C Conference", etc., the dark reality of his corrupt political and social, were thoroughly exposed and criticized. "Average article" pointed out the inequality caused by the phenomenon of social ruin and the dangerous consequences: "small non-homogeneous phase, becoming not phase Tai Qi, Qi Great phase, that is to ruin the world"; that "land equalization "reform and calls for" your almost speak of their origin, and sometimes agents with the transfer of "," Note pour he is hereby, "average wealth. In the "respect for hidden", he veiled and roundabout demonstration of the peasant uprising of bold imagination and passion praise, looking to the future era of great change. But his political ideas and ideals are not radical. Then he saw the Land System is unable to do it for "agricultural cases articles." Advocated by patriarchal sub-field: bulk mu, careen, group were 20 mu, the other busy people as tenants. The aim is "to lower Qi Min, Qi is not above the people", the establishment of small and medium-based feudal landlords. Failure to break through the fundamental position of the feudal class, therefore, in his "question and answer were the first farmers" and "farmers were the fourth question," then surely the big landlords in the position.
Zhen to around 30 years of age, ideology in the academic major changes have taken place. His textual criticism from the Orthodox harsh criticism of the firm abandoned textual criticism, accept the New Text School "Spring" Spring and Autumn Annals of the impact of learning from Liu Fenglu, "Jun burned insects and fish from the school, Ganzuo Dong Jing selling cakes home" ("Miscellaneous Poems, The Spring We went from spring to summer in the capital, was 10 there are four"). But he certainly useful part of the textual criticism; the same time critical Jinwen Divination of the five elements mixed with "bad habits" and advocated "Practical," academic advocate for practical politics. Since then, he consciously to research closely linked with the reality of political and social issues, research topics more widely. His "science of the world East and West", of geography, in particular, laws and institutions dedicated to contemporary and Frontier National Geographic, essays, "Annals of Mongolia", completed 10 of 56; on the real political and social issues also made a positive proposal, write "home province Western Conference" and "stand fan southeast strike against foreign aggression and the consolidation of the Northwestern Frontier of capitalism. With the life experience and historical knowledge, growth, and political and academic thinking matures, he depth of the heavens and the earth and the origin and development of social and cultural issues, and the Economic History of 100 primary and secondary schools, as well as contemporary laws and institutions opinion to research, fully integrated, form a fairly complete view of history. He said: "The week the world, the official history of great persons. History of a language other than non-Yan; history without a word beyond Yan; history no one outside of London items Yan. History week deposit is kept, the history of death and the dead week." ("Ancient History of the Second Emperor"), there are older "Six Classics are all history" view of the impact, but more than the chapters that expand accessible, complete, more scientific and militancy. He's all ancient history and culture of crime entirely attributed to the historian power, and that a contemporary historian historian casts herself. He believes that the reason why historian Karen, is the historian to stand tall, from a comprehensive focus, as objective, fair and realistic political and social criticism. This practice is to make history and reality of political and social issues that "today the services" linked application "Spring" Spring and Autumn Annals change the view, the viewpoint of development, in "respect for history" under the slogan of political and social reality of the decadent a comprehensive critique. This is his "respect for hidden" in that respect, "Wang hidden heaven and earth" of concrete. At the same time, he was concerned about the continuing political and social reality of the major issues and recommendations continued to criticize, never vulgar bureaucrats in cahoots with. Daoguang nine (1829) and successful candidates, "measures", he affirmed the role of economic history, but that will be used through history to practical issues based on "clearing the world of works almost as I do not know the history of the facilities by what in today's slow, what urgent, what feasible, what is also not feasible "; on practical issues, particularly concerned about the Northwest Frontier and the Southeast Coast, asked the Emperor" Yi Dian Southern Common People "," Yi Commandments west of generals. " In the same year in December, the "book on the scholar," the cabinet of the proposed reforms. He was vulgar and corrupt bureaucracy and bureaucrats hate. The light year (1832) summer, there are hand-Chen "today's priority 8", one of which is "eliminating redundant abuse" ("Yi Hai Miscellaneous Poems" from Note). Daoguang 18 years (1838), Lin was sent to Guangdong, Haikou suppression of opium, he made a "free imperial commissioner Hou Guanlin public order", to Lin, "decided to offer three kinds of justice, three next to the meaning of the three A hard justice , a return fair justice. " Advocate prohibited opium, firmly against the British invaders; for useful ideas and foreign trade, strictly prohibited the importation of luxury goods; and refute the bureaucratic clerks, Muke, tourists, merchants, gentry, etc. all kinds of harmful capitulators argument. After the Sino-British Opium War, Jiangsu governor Liang Kui stationed in Shanghai, his violent death in Danyang's College in a few days ago wrote to the beam "on current events, and some immediate solution Museum visit, a little help raise pen" (Liang Ju "Mentorship series" Juan Liu, "An Ren Gong scheduled principal" section), expressed the wish to participate in the shogunate Liang Kui together against the British invaders, but also showed strong spirit of patriotism against foreign aggression.
Literature
Zhen's literary creation, the performance of the new features never before, creating a new chapter in modern literature. Zhen that literature must be useful. He said, "Holy said, the time to be useful based", "seeking political affairs in Sri Lanka, find words in here, seeking the beauty of literature, is it not in Sri Lanka" ("the same year, public health Wushi Yu Jie Shu Qing Tang Luxuan cases from the blind worship ... ... "). That Confucianism, government affairs and poetry have a common goal and that is helpful. He believes that the function of poetry and history, as are criticisms of social history, articles, poems are, and Shiyou Yuan flow relationship. He said, "Six" is history Muneko week; "The Book of Songs" is the official historian collection and compilation of up and "poet of that, there are blind offer song meaning, the group Branch of History" ("the occasion of chopsticks B C Conference 17th "). Therefore, the selected poems and for the purpose of history, is "happy whichever bunch of people and, while their league", for social and historical criticism. So he put his own poetry as "Qing Yi" or "comments", "information workers tend to side with the honored person, MO looking for world-action" ("Miscellaneous Poems, The Spring at the Capital projects for spring and summer the Migration may have four ten ");" according to Han-Andhra Shang Yan, Shi Cheng Shi Shi Zuo Review "(" Night straight "). Poems from this point of view, he thought poetry motivation was due to "external environment" that caused real life "outside the territory of Diego to, such as wind Chit, 10 000 state and recent, into the article" ("and Jiang Lay Jian "), shall not be otherwise. The creation method and the formalism is the same, should use all historical data ("free iron Xu Sun order"). Zhen's poetry and his poetics is the same. He broke the mold poetry since the mid-Qing Fan mountain water situation in silence, rarely simply describes the natural landscape, but always focus on the reality of the political, social situation, send express emotion, panel discussion. His poetry shows the role of society and history, is a historian and politician of poetry. His poems compiled from 15 years of age, to 47 years, 27 poetry volumes. He was cherished for his small, "Wen Hou-side crown to listen to and sing, make less strict and do not wear fine"; "funeral music too young people, unprovoked weeping song every word true" ("Yi Hai Miscellaneous Poems"). These "fine strict" and "every word true" for less, though have been lost, but were against political corruption and bureaucratic vulgar "injury," and "criticizing sitting" in for, the scribes were generally regarded as " not "of. So he quit poem several times.
Jiaqing twenty-five years (1820) the autumn, he began to ring poem, the following year Shine Military Minister is not taking test, Fu "Little Fairy" 15, therefore submitted a mess up. Daoguang seven years (1827) in October, he compiled the two volumes of "mess up grass" after he vowed to quit poem, "Xi You quit poem poetry, Dragon Poems and Songs Fan" is the outrage in his poetry can not be vulgar and decadent society tolerance. So later he broke the precepts and poetry. Zhen Poems kept more than 600 today, most of the works of his middle age, the main content is still "hurt," and "curse sit." Daoguang five years, an "Ode to History" Qilu representative of such poetry. Southern History of the poem Ode to things with emotion when the Qing dynasty southern convincing celebrities sinister rule, vulgar situation and sustainable, buried the book, "Wen Wei withdraw literary inquisition, the books for the rice Liang seek." Poetry is more with the end of anti-Chinese Tian Heng story of the Qing Dynasty to fame and fortune to expose the intentions of luring the scribe: "Tian Heng 500 people and Angola, could return to do Liehou?" And if Daoguang six years (1826), Qilu by "interpretation made by four one of the "angry, note that their defamation vulgar bureaucracy," the article was a wood there is disease, insects and more words can not days "; bitter mockery of the court a large bureaucracy on their own mind," silently observe the female capacity to observe, not labor on with loss of night sleep. " In later years the famous "Yi Hai Miscellaneous Poems", the poet not only that the capitalist forces of foreign aggression against China and against, the ruling class, stupid fall, but also saw the suffering of the people, expressed deep sympathy and guilt, such as " cable only to raise a husband more than 10 "," regardless of salt does not raise river "and so on, reflected the contradictions of society, has profound practical significance and historical significance.
Zhen more lyrics, showing the poet a sense of deep depression, loneliness and pride. If Daoguang three years (1823), "Night ride," Qilu 2, "mountain protruding hills jealous, Wan Lai Ling silent Block Emperor" in the quiet night the mountain landscape in the hands of the poet, the Patriots clearly Indignation, to express the the deep concern of the lifeless world. Daoguang years of "Autumn Heart 3" Qilu, "whom the sword northwest cold air, voice over the southeast several xiao" deep concern for the frontier situation, feeling Zhang Jian to serve the country's patriots are numbered, but the lack of Concert comrades. He often used "the sword" and "xiao", "Firm But Gentle" and "xiao heart" to the ideological aspirations of his sustenance. "One of a Jianping Xiao business, the negative to make crazy names 15 years" ("Man flu"); "Youth Fencing more Chuixiao, Firm But Gentle Heart 1 case of elimination xiao" ("Yi Hai Miscellaneous Poems"); for their own ambitions vision can not be realized, deeply depressed. In the "discard the autumn hills, a flute, the Department of Mushu human world" ("dream for four cut-off period") of reality, the poet, in addition to expressing emotion, panel discussions, the memories of the past worthy of nostalgia of happy, the reality of fantasy and the world outside the realm of beauty, is a poet thought the necessary development and way out. Therefore, in the poet's many works showed numerous contradictions. For the first year Daoguang the "make public juvenile line" a very concentrated performance of Seven Poems the poet thought of contradictions. Poems have fled empty negative factors, more positive sense, is the reality of the poet on the helpless social environment of extreme disgust and negative, and thus in the "Yi Hai Miscellaneous Poems" and "Youth have a high respect for hidden text", "vitality relies wind and thunder, "the second poem, he was convinced that the unprecedented, massive changes of the era must come, I hope," wind and thunder "of the outbreak, to combat all the swift momentum to break the suffocating it, a stagnant situation.
Zhen characteristics of poetry
1, publicist, lyrical and artistic image of unity. Many of his lyrical poetry is also a discussion, but not related to the fact that discussion is not specific, but only the universal phenomenon of reality, that a high degree of social history, ask questions, express feelings that attitudes and aspirations. He Political poetry, but not an abstract discussion, not prose.
2, rich singular imagination, constitute a vivid and powerful image. In his poem, "Moon anger", "fetch water anger", "line too angry," "too fly line," "claw anger," "Aura Magazine" and so on, learning to see landscape become vigorous and angry, moving eyes and ears arouse unusual imagination. Another example is "the western suburbs of Flower and Song" describes falling flower, so sad decline caused by the scenery, into a magnificent sight incomparably higher than the imagination of the ordinary. "Fallen flowers is not a heartless thing to turn into Chunni more quadrangle" ("Yi Hai Miscellaneous Poems"), from the decline seen in newborn. "Although the autumn destiny Su, the people of spring sweet" ("Since the fall of the Migration of the spring, even some touch, have 15"), from the era of decline, but also to see new side.
3, diversity, variety of styles. Poet consciously use a variety of traditional forms of classical poetry, "since until recent weeks, the body, are used; from miscellaneous 34 words, 89 words to the complex, are used" ("Postscript to mess up grass"). Actually he wrote Seven more or five "ancient poetry," Seven's "Modern Style", and to the bulk Seven quatrains. General trend is not metrical restraints, free to use, blurted out. This is also the most outstanding performance of Seven quatrains. For the Daoguang 19 years (1839) and "Yi Hai Miscellaneous Poems" 315, original use of the Seven quatrains of the form, content inclusive, the poet's journey knowledge, life experiences and thoughts and feelings as well as the development and changes , it seems like painting, poetry and thus become a form of autobiographies. They can be read as a poem. Because of this full, creative use of naturally Seven quatrains to become one of the most lightweight, easiest, most focus on the description of things, the form of the expression of thoughts and feelings. Complex and profound ideological content, a wide range of linguistic forms, is the basis of diversity Gong poetry style. "I never before grown-ups, look no specific" ("Pirates of the poem title Wang Zimei map"), the poet is to encourage each other and from the diverse styles permitted. His classical poems, Wu Yan, Refining, Seven bold; recent poems, Seven verses implicit safe, quatrains were pass off naturally.
4, adopted language more clearly odd, eclectic, there are magnificent, there are simple; the ancient Olympics, there are easy; a rare, are also popular. Natural exquisiteness, calm sophistication, there Mrs Han influence, some chapters as too complicated or too with the Code of Health, or the subtle twists and turns too much, can not help but bring complicated ones shortcomings. Zhen advanced thinking is the soul of many of his best poems. The depth of thought and artistic originality, so Gong poetry break new ground and created a new historical poetry era, different from the Tang and Song poetry, modern poetry actually open a new look. Gong poetry appreciation at the time not many people, its influence began Tai Yu Qing, mainly due to its prominent ideological and political, so that the ideological and political lyrical content Jie He, not falling Yu writing, learning, Composing Poems . Zhen Wen famous at that time than poetry, but also more generally been criticized by the scribes, head for the taboo, not watch intently. In addition to several groups of papers, the important part they are different forms of political essays. Some of the "classics for political commentary," "often cited ram justice Criticizing current affairs, slander row of tyranny" (Liang, "Ch'ing Dynasty Introduction"). These articles are of "Spring" Spring and Autumn Annals perspectives and practical political ties, cited the ancient metaphor for the modern, of old were used. Such as "the occasion of chopsticks B C meeting 7", "B 9 C proposed the occasion of chopsticks" and "respect for hidden" are both ram "three ages" of the use. Some are directly on the corrupt rule of the Qing dynasty exposed and criticized, such as "Ming-liang of"; and a variety of positive recommendations for the chapter, such as the "average article", "Western Conference home province", "countermeasures", "Imperial Commissioner to send Hou Guanlin public order ". The other is ironic fable pieces, such as "fishing worm," "disease Mei Museum in mind" and so on. There are many narratives, remember people, notes, note spots, remember places, such as "Hang large anecdotes like," "Ling Shu-Jin", "Wang Qu epitaph", "book Juyongguan", "Yi Hai Jun resume Yangzhou mind "and so different in content, are full of practical significance.
GONG Wen performance method
Generally very simple, but there are elaborate exaggeration in a nutshell, some straight, some Strangeness. His prose lively and varied. Some scattered lines in parallelism, and some magnificent, some ancient Olympics, even remote, blunt, obscure. GONG Wen Tang and Tong Cheng different from the classical, is the Ancient Order of Qin and Han a unique development, creating a new culture of classical or prose. Word of Gong is also very famous. Tan Xian Gong that the word "cotton Li Shen Yang, desire to co-weeks, but one of the symplectic and odd to have" ("Fu Diary," 2). In fact, his words did not escape the impact of the traditional words, emphasis on the nature of the word romance. He also wrote a number of arms of the words to express feelings such as magpie Tap Chi 〔〕 "Abandoned Garden-off people to" express the feelings of loneliness and pride; 〔〕 Phoenix platform Yi Chui Xiao "Bingshen three days," written and vulgar Scholars contradictory feelings and ideals can not be achieved; 〔〕 Waves "book like" write wishes come first "make public juvenile line"; 〔100〕 word order "to vote Yuanda Qin South" written and Yuan Qinnan childhood Ibid family learning scenario; 〔〕 month Xiang "Renshen summer boating lake," write state and Xiao Jian ideological heart of the conflict, those who want to act, thinking they retire, nostalgia landscape.
However, most of Gong or the leisure of the word for, and describe lingering feelings, achievements far less than poetry. His later years he found himself the shortcomings of the word: "Can not quaint no ghost of gas is difficult among the top court. Regret killing spread left Maid, since the barrier Wan Shan Guo Flag Pavilion." ("Yi Hai Miscellaneous Poems"), he called gas, is the style, knew that the lack of real content. Gong set the set and handed down version of the many versions, initially "set An Collected Works", Volume 3, "I set" Volume 1, with a "less as a" Volume 1, The light years from the edition. "Yi Hai Miscellaneous Poems" also Daoguang 19 years since the edition. Zhen after the death of the second year, the series Wei Yuan, "An article scheduled to record" 12, another research, Miscellaneous, Poetry Volume 12 ("An article scheduled to record the Syrian"), no edition. After "set An Collected Works", Volume 3, "a sequel to" Volume 4, chih Wu Xu edition for seven years. Shanghai Commercial Press, this has "Universal Library" typographical "set An Collected Works," 4, Han Fen Lou photocopy "An set Collection," three, all of the Wu Xu. Since the late Qing dynasty to, pass this benefit more than twelve years Guangxu Zhu Zhen, "An set Supplement Collection" Volume 4; to "Complete Works" were those three million books Guangxu Church Edition of "The Complete Works of An Gong set" ; the first year of Chinese culture Xuantong Rotary typographical this "fine set An Gong Journal Collection"; have Xuantong edited the first year of mysterious Chinese Vegetarian typographical this time in the bookstore, "The Complete Works An edited set of" 10 volumes; have Xuantong two lithographs sweep leaves Shan Fang The "Complete Works set An," and so on. Republic of China after a 1935 Shanghai lapel Xia Court of the "Gong set An universe"; in 1935 Wang How editing, Guoxue order society in this "Gong set An universe"; the summer of 1937 with the Blue Code World Book of the "Gong set An Complete class code", etc. . 1959, Pei Zhonghua Zheng School Shanghai editor of the "zhen Complete Works", which basically refer to accomplish the revision of the Code of Han Chai were divided into 11 series, Series 1 to 8 for the text, the first series to 9,10 Poetry, 11 series for the word.
20-year-old is juren. Daoguang first year (1821) book cabinet official, any official proof Historica. Nine years, beginning as Scholars. Principal official to board of rites. 19 years, the official position Go South. 20 year, died suddenly at the Jiangsu Academy Yunyang. Zhen Cheng family history beginning from the text, exegetical start, after becoming involved in stone, catalog, pan, and poetry, geography, classics, history, 100. Subject was the rise of the "Spring and Autumn School" repercussions. Face Jiaqing increasingly grave social crisis, he rejected textual exegesis of science, statecraft of a service intended to stress his life Zhicun reform. Written by youth, "Ming-liang theory" and "B C occasion of the meeting", etc., on the long-standing feudal autocracy, were exposed and criticized. His idea of Kang, who was learning to advocate for political reforms to ram open a harbinger. Middle age, though rather further be extended, turned Buddhist, but the "Practical" at all was not depressed. He supported the suppression of opium Lin and Lin proposed to strengthen its military facilities, well prepared to fight the British invaders. Zhen lifetime pursuit of "better law", although the death yet to be realized, but in many ways had a beneficial effect. In the social view, he pointed out that the wealth is the source of social unrest inconsistent Qi, called for reform examination system, multi-recruit "yong" talent. In philosophical thinking, expounding the views of Tendai Buddhism, made human nature "is neither good nor bad", "good and evil are late-coming," a talk. In history, the issue of "respect for history" of the appeal, and is involved in Northwest history and geography of the study. In the literature, suggests that "respect for the situation", which advocated a poetry and people. Very rich poetry in his life, posterity series of "zhen Complete Works."
Zhen Memorial
Zhen Museum is located in Hangzhou, east Mapo Lane 6, a small mining park, covering more than 600 square meters, opened in 1990. Zhen, name Gong oak, character Arthur who, in the Qing Dynasty thinkers, writers, Zhejiang Renhe (now Hangzhou) people. He and Lin, who co-opened attacking the malaise, resist foreign aggression, by Rite of progressive ideas, was Liu Yazi as "three hundred years to first-class."
Memorial Hall is the seat in the Qing Dynasty style, the main two-story building, up and down five bay, plus penthouse, carved beams, simple and elegant. Zhen bronze bust placed in the main hall museum statue, surrounded by hanging Sha Menghai, Zhao Puchu wrote the famous such as the plaque and couplets. Four galleries, display a pictorial guide on life zhen, Chronology, historical, Gong's chronology, poems and future generations of books. The courtyard is small bridges, rockeries pavilions, against the backdrop of the trees and flowers, full of classical garden features. His work in particular, loved by the elderly.
Zhen pain
"Yabusawa not only stealing" is a great poet, the late Qing zhen extreme shortage of qualified personnel in China at that time issued by the sigh, for which he wrote the phrase enlightening, "I urge the heavenly God Dousou, do not stick down talent." Let zhen never dreamed that in less than 20 years of his death, his "call" and that "only steal", that "outstanding robber" was born. And this man is his son Gong orange.
Orange is the eldest son of Gong Gong, Xiao-arch word, number and a half London. Chinese people pay attention to the "Five Relations", can the child in addition to his concubine Gongtai Gong, others do not love them altogether, so since the number of "semi-lun", indeed "frank," get people to admire. Gong Banlun though indulgent, can not the ignorant and incompetent men, contrary to a child he was bright, "books very, A in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, multi-Siku is not received the book", little time is "The Sound of them."
Gong Banlun Although family history, there are strict father Qinshou, but by nature proud, happy talk, the Bank said the proud intellectual. To this end, zhen has repeatedly exhorted his son to practical scholarship. Unfortunately, Gong Banlun live up to his father's expectations. He then living in Shanghai, is still indulgent, profligate play with prostitutes.
If you just do a "proud intellectual," so be it, but why the occasion of the Gong Gongzai seeking refuge in desperation the British Minister Wade. Gong Banlun fluent in English, so much the minister exclaimed. Vickers who was extremely appreciated by the treatment given him high, security guard followed the action, on induced than gold. Including the minister myself, everyone was respectfully called him Mr. Gong. Helping his career when Yongquan, Gong Banlun foreigners effect for the day finally arrived.
According to "unofficial Grand Qing Dynasty," "Summer Palace mutilated examinations" contains: 1860, British and French forces invaded China, Gong Banlun with HMS north to Beijing, will drive to the top of the head braided hair, wearing foreigners cap, wearing a white suit, out of foreign soldiers barracks, sure they thoroughly enjoyed the sensation. Then he will introduce Yuanmingyuan coalition, and the first to step straight into the Bike Ride, take treasures weighing machine to go, made a fortune. Then, there is a fire that shocked the world market ... ... the fire burned over a hundred years, until today, the Chinese also burned all the heartache, and the world of all suffering and conscience.
And Gong Banlun sharp contrast to his father zhen. A patriotic father and son, a traitor, a place in history, a bad reputation. Qing Zhao Yi, name the father of the child and more moral hazard, which, though not inexorable law, but the name of the Father but unfortunately there are inverse sub, in accordance with the "godfather of the child is not over," saying, zhen naturally blame.
As with almost all the traitors, the "Outstanding gangster" ultimately did not escape God's punishment. History set, Gong Banlun very down and later life, living by pawning furniture, and finally died because of mad insanity. It seems that even the self-proclaimed "semi-ethical" people still can not escape his conscience. Perhaps this is what we call the curse it!
Translated by Google