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Qing dynasty, 28 years on the 19th (AD September 16, 1848). Generation of well-known educator and a Summary of Master Han was born in Wenzhou Prefecture in Zhejiang Province Ruian county rural northwest furlongs set of good performances under the Village (now Ruian Yan Tao Heung under Pandai mountain village) of a literary family. His name effective Young-soo, also known as Tak Han, after the name yi so, Zi Zhong Song (a capacity for red), alias Zhou Qing. His father made clothing, Daoguang 30 harvest Scholars, into the Hanlin, foreign official calendar hanging twenty years.
A Summary of scholarly research is father Fameng's. He is the age of five with two parents living in Beijing, understanding the context from the parent study. Year-old, by the "Rites of Zhou", that is beside the related age group membership, day to visit the "Wei Series" for fun. Xianfeng eight years (1858), Sun Yi made as Anqing prefect, he was from Beijing Return to the Garden in the door. In 13, rule Collation of the study, the grass as "Rhyme Journal of false names," a roll. 16 years old, read Jiang Fan, "Qing scholarship" and "Huang Qing," known Qing Scholars of classics, history, children, primary school family laws. In 18 complex of "Bai Hu Tong School up" volume. To Nianliu years old, began to grassroots, "The Long Zhou justice."
His scholarly research, the taste of self-made: "small delay History, arbitrary view, for a long time, things are know where rule of ancient science, ancient divisions that people do not if the division, so from a study hall, perhaps a teacher was the man, covered with a four ancient books in, good academics from the division can be. "evident that his child bearing family learning, from the little that is to lay a solid foundation to base the book was extremely Bo, its so himself, and academic than their predecessors, mainly because of their own fields. He was 19 years old to participate in the first person into the hospital try to eup xiang. The following year should Zhejiang Provincial Examination, Chinese Imperial Tongzhi the Mao people. But when the paper was stereotyped because of scorn, though eight on the bus, finally unpaired Scholars.
Since then, Sun Yi Yan transfer official Hubei, Jiangning administrative commissioner, he followed the official in the side, from Anqing and Wuchang, and then came back to Nanjing. Guangxu five years (1879), in autumn, farmers made to Taipu Si Qing Sun retirement, he also will return home village. In addition to compliance among Jin Jing Fu Ming had repeatedly Academic Senate for examination and then to Hangzhou and outside, are put together at home in Du door no. Late years, and in township group defense to resisting foreign aggression, the proposed political reform in order to strong, established schools in terms of human resources, business industry to the economic livelihood of the people. Qing Chao open economy teco, Foreign Minister Chen Bao-zhen, Qu Hong *, Zhang Baixi, Kangjing Chong, Duan Fang, Zhang and other three occasions recommend, not to go; Libu sign for the supervision of the Imperial University, Courtesy Museum of total essays, but also words are strong not to.
A Summary of the 20 kinds of books to "Zhou justice", "Jian Gu," "Notes on shift," "Old Zhou theft by finding", "Qi Wen example", "Name original", "Wenzhou Jing Ji Zhi", "Zhou Qing Shu-lin" particular reputation.
"Zhou justice" Shu Zheng Zhou is the official system of book. Shu Qing Zhu, Department through the new achievements in the latest out of the highest academic masterpiece. "Zhou", first name "Zhou official," the late Western Han Xin to call it, "Zhou", by Han Zheng Xuan for injection, Tang Jia Gongyan for thinning, therefore abandoned the final version. However, this by his official intricate, text and more ancient, does denounce long time, to said refractory. Tongzhi seven years, a Summary of that "week officials" once, is the Duke of Drive for Peace Law, Church and State are from, they would make a new determination to do this by thinning. First, Luo give Han and Tang Dynasty until Qing Scholars of that recorded for the "long series", following the grass "zhouguan justice", set up Zheng note Jia Shu, and recorded nearly Confucian different meaning to Debate, natural self, as to school management, but still not without good leak.
Exegetical rule must pass Zhuan Zhou. In the history of our country, Zhong Dingwen words, Xiu Song dynasty, there were "old record set" In the future, depict, explanation, although the Book Review on complex, but they only collect materials, failed to thoroughly explore, Qian Jia scholars arrest only defend "Shuo Wen Jie Zi", not overstepped. Until the late Qing Dynasty, only for systems Wu, Cheng discussion, the "Zhou added that the ancient text," "Words," from the text of exploring shape, meaning, to achieve greater results. A Summary from a 17-year-old Benedict L. inscriptions from that, the prime of life have registered Jiaoshan visit Chow, dozens of hand extension of paper and go. Since that three decades have witnessed thousands of Rio Murray, each Si Qin Lei Ri, such as the ancients. His book "Ancient Zhou theft by finding" three volumes, Cheng Wu, Department of following the book and make. Use of word books and inscriptions seen checking each other to Song Xue is still functional, "Chronicles Zhongding Yi device inscription Fateh", Qing Ruan, "product of ancient bronze tripods and the inscription fast" and WU Rongguang "Yun Ching Hall stone recorded" three books of error. Si it was Wu-style fun "sort of ancient record," Reading, repeatedly pondering, and there was a new meaning, complex in the Qing Dynasty, the "ancient Zhou Yu on the" two volumes, with the revised Wu-style fun of misunderstanding and its predecessor the sparse Miao were. Then go beyond their previous achievements. But his discussion of ancient text, not on this end, twenty-five years when the Qing dynasty (1899) Oracle unearthed in Yin Ruins in Anyang, Henan Province, the Dantu, Liu E from some of his bones, expand the 1000 election, five 18, in the Qing Dynasty, (1903), printed in "Iron Cloud possession of turtles," 6, to waste the public.
A Summary of Xingkai Shu-axis
Note: vertical 123 cm, 29 cm horizontal.
Scholars and dubious, Binglin directed it as forgery. And a Summary of reading his book that treasure, that this is reliable information of Shang Dynasty. Then wrestling strenuously studying, explanation of its form and meaning, with the classification to distinguish between the contents of the inscriptions, and most of the words one by one to discriminate, in the following year (1904) also wrote the first monograph of Oracle - "Qi Wen example," two volumes, the research opened the way for Oracle to become the ancestor of the mountain in this study. The next year, a Summary of the inscriptions further, Oracle, engravings on drum and Guizhou red rock stone text with "the text said" ancient Zhou survey among school, give their differences lie, the original change of his province, to explore the classical, big Xiao Zhuan History, with the "name of the original" seven, on the ancient writing, put forward new ideas, the study of ancient writing, to a new peak. It as "Sapporo shift," a book, series a Summary of the past three decades of reading itself Wei Qin and Han Dynasty to the 78 kinds of ancient books until the Qi and Liang notes, and his family view each other reference cards, damage to collate the text, interpretation of doubt, corruption of Collation revised classic. Explanation of the trial of its essence, scholars pay reputation. "Zhou Qing Shu-lin," is his old age go hand academic FORUM. The book contains all kinds of examination, said the above, the interpretation, prefaces, bronze tripods and Explanation, stone examination Postscript, note identified more than 120 monographs and other papers, shows the complete picture of his life scholarship.
"Wenzhou Jing Ji Zhi", which is a Summary of the early years of the Tang and Song up from Kerry Road, Wenzhou, since 1300 the one hundred species of the directory monograph. Classification in accordance with 4, subheadings reference Siku head. Under each book, record of the original book and the previous comments Postscript language knowledge, and then made their views in order to apply their fine hair Austria, revised its corruption. The book gathered AGF, careful and precise style, time-consuming eight, in five years to write Guangxu set, subsequent Junyi flared up local arts put together is really the first way this book guide husband.
A Summary by the temperature of both of the House who Tuidai, took office in October that year temperature Premier Division Division of Student Affairs. His education then a county from the Ryan to promote as for the southern Zhejiang. Division of Student Affairs in the Prime Minister's tenure, a Summary of the first reorganization of the Wenzhou prefectural school. And a deep desire to realize universal education, we must train teachers; training of teachers, professionals rely on teacher education. Yuan summer in June the following year, temperature and the Department decided that the Office of Government Normal School 1. Temperature before school siting Road, the original school Kokushikan Division.
Philosopher to carry on! The brilliant performance of his life, has been known to the world ever be remembered, won the people's boundless admiration.
A Summary of academic achievements
A Summary (1848-1908) Zi Zhong Yung, No. Zhou □, Zhejiang Ruian people. Late Pak guru and author of more than 30 kinds. In classical studies, thinkers science, philology, textual criticism, textual criticism, and the collation of local offerings such as making significant achievements. ZHANG praised him as "absolutely and other two-three hundred years." Guo said he was "brought forward after a huge Kai Confucianism." He is one of the pioneers of modern New Education in the remarkable achievements of the theory and practice, of the late well-known educator.
1, after sub after sub-gloss gloss on the side, a Summary of the masterpiece is the "Rites of justice" and "Jian Gu." "Zhou Li" 亦名 "Week officer", sub "days of official Chief Minister", "local officials Stuart", "Spring official Munetaka", "Summer lawsuit Horse", "Adam Sikou", "Winter lawsuit empty" 6, (where "Winter officials" have a Lost in the Han Dynasty, supplemented by "Kao Gong Ji"), is recorded in ancient China Bureaucracy book. A Summary of that, "Zhou" is a book of Duke Drive for Peace, kings are from out of Church and State, the total extraction Zhou legal system. But since the Qin and Han dynasties, Zhuru can not digest, the simple loss of Zheng Xuan Note Austria, Jia Kui sparse too neglects, then in 1873 began to pose, to be completed in 1899 had just "Zhou justice," 80 volumes. It took 20 years, a Summary of the "Rites of justice", which set the previous studies, "Zhou" the culmination of extensive and detailed the various documents quoted. For the "Rites" the credibility of the evidence provides a strong, Taiyan hailed as "the words of ancient and modern," Zhou Li "who exemplifies the first, also." Liang admire this book also said that "this book can be settled on behalf of a book by the scientist final, and the best of a book. "
Research in the ancient text, a Summary is also author of "Name original" two volumes, the book consistently integrated sound, form, meaning, from the Shang and Zhou easily change the text show the track of the origins of ancient writing proved, and opened the ancient text with a classical research The first of its kind, known as "epoch-making work."
A Summary is also emphasis on teacher education, focusing on teaching staff. He believes that "to promote school without first setting Normal, still the no plow and farming, security of harvest." "Western countries are mostly teachers Teachers origin, it is a well-thought." A Summary of that "No good school education, teacher personality as main topics covered teacher every move, every word and phrase printed on the minds of children, their probation are those who will never be destroyed." Therefore, the quality of his teachers made specific demands. First, teachers must love education. Second, teachers have a rich scientific and cultural knowledge. Third, teachers have to master the knowledge of pedagogy and psychology. Fourth, teachers must have research capabilities. Fifth, teachers should have a healthy body.
A Summary of his outstanding contributions to educational activities and unique insights Education, the education sector Qing won unanimous praise, in the history of modern education also plays an important role.
Translated by Google