| Last Name： | 蒲 | ||
| First Name： | 松龄 | ||
| Name and Alias： | 留仙 | ||
| Web/Pen/Nick Name： | 柳泉居士 | ||
| Birth Place： | 淄博市淄川区洪山镇蒲家庄 | ||
Read works of Pu Songling at 小说之家 | |||
蒲松龄In addition to "Lonely", the PU also a lot of poetry, drama, folk songs as well as agricultural, pharmaceutical writings survive in the world. Collection include 13 volumes, more than 400 articles; poetry 6, 1000 First; words, Volume 1, 100 tie down; play the 3 (test word
9 turn Shining children, sister Keiju clock, alarm Museum); FOLK 14 species (wall in mind, regardless of women's song, Mercy music, cold forest song, turned nightmare Galium of band music, Penglai feasts, Chun Yasha, poor man word Jun Pakistani ugly, fast songs, limitless envy mantra, rich and complex ordeal immortal song, added to the lucky cloud song) and "Sang by farmers," "Daily folk characters", "provincial body Quotations", "Chong medicine book", " Typhoid medicinal Fu "," vegetation Biography "and other miscellaneous with a total of nearly 2 million words.
Early
Pu life to travel abroad less, a poor family, living hard, but he has often to stay in Jinan. Period in Jinan, leaving a lot of text, including one entitled "Di-off morning straw" poem:
Daming Lake, on the haze,
Mao rafters rent house three writers.
Kap Shui cooking corn porridge,
Garden vegetables with yellow registration ZU.
Just a few words, way to understand the Ming Po's living lake, early dawn straw polite. In particular, the following two sentences, said spring take boiled corn porridge, and set down with vegetarian vegetable cutting board, including lily, snack food for the junior scene. Pu from the cooking time can be expected from the taste, relish the breakfast situation.
Pu by the account of the cooking millet porridge, served with vegetables of breakfast food, it is also the daily diet in most parts of Shandong customs. Nongovernmental morning more like eating porridge, porridge many varieties, small rice, rice gruel, millet mung bean porridge, rice Jiang, Bean porridge, red bean porridge, lotus leaf congee so.
Pu and "Lonely" - Professor Ma Ruifang speech at Shandong University
If you ask us a question, the best novels of ancient China, which one? There is no doubt that vernacular novel "Dream of Red Mansions." If you ask: Which novel art form and the "Dream of Red Mansions" different, achievements comparable to? Classical collection of short stories, "Strange Tales." Liao Red, a short one long, one a white paper, the formation of ancient Chinese novel bimodal.
"Lonely" is not just the pride of Chinese literature, it is still very influential literary world works, often surprised to scholar.
Utterly destitute poor women worry
Pu life, always struggling in poverty. He racked his brains for food and clothing; his life he spent several decades for the imperial examination, defeated, keep on fighting and very painful; him to write "Strange" by a lot of pain.
"Lonely" is a wonderful novel, and "Strange" with the birth of their own sort of magical colors. Ming Chongzhen 10 years, the year 1640, the Chinese on April 16 night, Shandong Zichuan Po Po Village of businessmen had a strange dream. He saw a monk dressed in cassock, emaciated, sick sick Wai Wai, and into the inner room of his wife, Monk has a bare chest, coins large plaster, Po awakened. He heard the baby crying, was his third son was born. "Adopt a child wash couch, off the South on ramp car." Shining in the moonlight, the Po was surprised to find three new son has a clear chest mole, mole the size of the piece, location, and his dream saw the monk's disease patients Wai Wai plaster exactly. Disease monk burglary, which is four years old when Pu was born on his description. Ancient Chinese writers like the birth of their own very mysterious great poet Li Bai said he was into the pregnant mother dreamed Taibaijinxing born. And Pu is the dream of his father, a monk burglary, born disease, he explained, my life so unsuccessful, so poor, it is probably because I am a reincarnated monk. Monk reincarnated, is PU in "Strange Stories from the Chi," which invented the story, but we look at the life of Pu, really bitter. His life is very poor, he has struggled in poverty, he racked his brains for food and clothing; his life for several decades with the imperial examination, defeated, keep on fighting and very painful; him to write "Liao Zhaizhi differences "by a lot of pain. So we say that co-exist --- Pu Miku hard life, suffering the exam, writing a book written in pain.
We look at how hard his life. Pu was young, life is not miserable, because his father abandoned Confucianism business, the family is well-off homes. Under the protection of his father, young Pu can feel at ease reading, with friends, engage in poetry. But the good days did not take long, as he parted. Why the separation? Because of family conflicts. The two brothers were Pu scholar, but both wife is bitch. Pu has said in his book which case: "Every family bed, there is a Necessity in." His wife is really two typical Yasha, to a little trivial matters, often at home so much noise utter confusion. Pu's father had to his son separation. Unfair share of the separation of it, because they can play but also the two sister called and can grab, and the wife of Liu Pu is very virtuous, quiet hiding in the side. Pu separation result is assigned to the farm three old houses, even the doors were not broken, only by a door Shang Pu. He assigned 20 acres Susukida, 240 pounds of food, only enough to pay for three months. Thus, Pu must fend for themselves, and he then began a 45-year-old private school teacher's career.
Private school teachers is the village primary school teachers, but also to teach at a private home, treatment is very low. Calculate the specific account, so the number of private schools pay teachers get each year? Up to 82. 82 What is the concept of silver? Rural areas at that time to maintain a family of four to 22 year life, this account is "Dream of Red Mansions" in Grand View Garden Granny Liu count count out when the crab feast. So, we worked hard to teach the great writer Pu books a year, earning enough herald a half ton crab feast. To 30 years after his father died, and Pu also support his mother, his poor and to what extent? "Women worry the poor four walls." He has a poem called "date lunch", when the wheat received written fast, no food at home, had to cook a pot of porridge, he did have three sons and a daughter, the eldest son of a look to cook the porridge, the first to hand inside to grab the spoon to the bottom of the pot to find the most next to his bowl thick side up, the second son quit, go grab with his brother. Pu daughter of very poor land, far stood there looking at his father. Pu is very sad how I like to feed my children of these poor ah! Pu also wrote an article called "Sacrifice Supernatural Man." He said: "Supernatural Supernatural, what you and I have pro, how do you all day, glued to follow me, I was a nursing homes Jia Ding you, I'm your escorting general, you have to put me a few days off Yeah, but you do not relax step, like two lovers wrapped around hot? "This is the hard life of Pu.
The bitterness of the long Imperial Road
Pu 19 years old, participated in scholar examination, he Zichuan County, Shandong Province, Jinan House, three tested first, became a scholar. Third, after the first trial, participated in four consecutive Pu Exams test, all get the job. Until 72 years old, still just a tribute Health. Why?
We look at suffering examination of Pu. Pu unsuccessful life, he was the unsuccessful just start from the wunderkind. Pu 19 years old, participated in scholar examination, he Zichuan County, Shandong Province, Jinan House, three tested first, became a scholar. Pu is the taking of political Shi Run Shandong University Chapter. Run Zhang Shi is a great poet, early Qing poetry called "Nancy Song," "Nancy" is from Anhui Shi Run chapter, "Song" is the Shandong Song Wan. Run Zhang Shi, Shandong scholar to test out the first exam is called "flea" So, this topic is "Mencius" "Let people have a wife and a concubine" to the. Imperial examinations stereotyped, requires that you try to figure out sage tone sages. Since the subject called "flea" So, by definition, you have to explain Mencius, "from the flea," which is about the kind of self-cultivation order in the world's major principles. Pu how to write it, he used classical Chinese, we say it out in plain language. Pu said: "I have observed people who chase rich gentleman pursuing pass the examination, villains pursue petty profits. As for those who are not rich, but often can not wait to keep in front of rich people, but also a lot of people. while not interested in fame, only those women, purdah, they can comfortably sleep a Lanjue leisurely, does not chase fame and fortune. " Pu's description is very vivid, like a state of essays describing humans or the world. Next, Pu go further, simply fiction up, he was one of the women on how homogeneous the night tossing and turning, wondering to track her husband, Psychological description of them, there are characters monologue and dialogue between characters, much like fiction. Written this way, of course, does not meet the requirements of stereotyped, but the examiners encountered Pu is to love as life's great writer Shi Run chapter, he very much appreciated the article Pu, put pen to paper to write comment is that the article Pu "will be utterly shameless in the word on a time rich", the people that ugly fame through "from the flea," the word was no way out, write to live, and wrote the four words of reviews: "View of the book Kisaragi, the pen moves like the wind." "View of the book Kisaragi," is to see previous work, see clearly and simply, Tou Tou purely; "brush like the wind" is to write the article from the relaxed, very smooth. Run Zhang Shi stroke of the pen, the first scholar Pu Shandong. County Government, Road 3 Test after the first, Pu great reputation. He complacent, irreversibly on the road of further strike fame, the next step was to test juren.
How long do PU scholar? Than half a century. Scholar is among the lowest fame examination. But the scholar most difficult annual exam. According to the court system, a provincial term of three years of school administration, school administration came, first scholar to organize examinations, called-year-old trial. Test results are divided into several age and so on, the first such examination to become Lin health. What Lin is the concept of health? Lin health or scholar, but the court give you some money every month to subsidize your life. Then, test to the first class is not necessarily the one Lin a living? No. Because Lin students are open-ended, you get a first-class, to wait for empty places can fill Lin. So after Pu sitting the scholar, the first-class test many times, almost waiting for two decades, became Lin health, the court grants only to his point. Scholar-year-old after the second year trial, to conduct scientific exploration. Exams expedition is to prepare for exams. Scientific expedition to the results divided into six other scholar, exam, etc. may participate in two lifts, and tests to fall into the latter two and so on have to Tsing Yi. Pu participate in the Provincial triennial exam, how many times? 10 times or so, some experts said a dozen times. Thus, PU has three decades exam every year. He was 48 years old, they take the test. He felt very well written article, written soon, get the exam, "shabu" to write down. However, after finishing a look back, bad bad, the more pieces of the. "The more pieces of" Imperial is a term that is in violation of written rules. Examination of the text in the form of a very strict requirement, one can only write 12 lines, a line can only write 25 words, and have finished writing the first page second page second page finished writing the third page. Pu written quickly, the first page finished, quickly doubled, turn passed to the second page, written on the third page, which separated the one, the more pieces, it not only disqualified, had to manner. We now see, is simply ridiculous, the article well written across a page, it is necessary for disqualification! The "more pieces" of imperial themselves feel? He said the words: "proud of disease book, go back a big mistake, this situation ru, feel cold sweat Zhanyi thousands of pans, a ray of the soul flying house" --- petrified.
Pu in the imperial struggle that road to 50 years old, his wife urged him said: Forget it, do the test, if you destined to have fame, even the prime minister had to cook, and why we got to test it? We lived in the village, you do not have very good? Why must the same like the magistrate to hear the name of the board urging the voice of the people pay taxes? Pu said that his wife was very reasonable. But some experts to research, to advise him of his wife, he also participated in the examination, still failed.
Pu 19-year-old to become scholar to 72 years, a tribute of Health. What is the concept recommended students? Equivalent to the Deputy Health Exams tribute list. There are several recommended students, Pu is the "Year of the tribute," also known as "paying tribute." Lin is doing students a long time, queuing endure No. Aishang a tribute Health. After doing a tribute Theoretically, an official of the Health, Pu get a symbolic titles, "Confucian discipline." Confucian discipline is mean? Feudal society was divided several school level, national level Imperial College, which is the provincial government school, the county is a county school. The Confucian school discipline is the county's deputy chief of the equivalent of a high school vice principal now has. However, the Confucian discipline Pu also added before the word "alternate." Is that although you are eligible, but will have to see Zichuan County, Shandong Province, in addition, other counties have no vacant places to. PU for 72 years, there is no any value, and tribute to his health but a source of comfort, very little real interest: the court to give tribute Health 42 silver. The magistrate chosen to not go to the Pu tree plaque, tree flag, not given him money. Pu had once written a submission, report it to be. This is the Pu in the civil service examinations were suffering. We now see that he is very funny, very sad, very pathetic. But at that time so he can seek a way out. Because the examination system is so poor Pu intellectuals only way to change the fate of the so-called "Korea for the lands and Lang, twilight Teng Tang emperor."
A lifetime of writing ghost story
Famous French writer Victor Hugo once said, "Imagine a great diver." A writer, a novelist to write compelling works, although there should be some basis for life, but also rely on his imagination. "Lonely" is a talented writer of imagination and artistic talent to focus on performance.
On "Lonely" You may have heard a very wide pass a saying Pu to write "Strange" in his hometown of liuquan placed next to tea stalls, please passers-story, finished the home processing, it becomes a "Lonely." This is true of the "three by the House pen and paper," said, Mr. Lu has long been analyzed, no, not like this thing. We are wondering about, PU poverty to that extent, for 45 years on the outside when the private school teachers, sometimes even the pan are at home could do nothing, how have free time Youzaiyouzai put on the tea, put the smoke, you tell me the story, I write fiction? Impossible. However, Pu hears what people say, hear nothing special to do, he collected to write the novel, that's for sure. He also has a drawn channel is inside the book to find the ancient material. "Lonely" in about 100 novels are adapted from previous works. Sometimes I remember previous works is very simple. For example, in the Six Dynasties and Tang were fiction, remember the three little stories, called "Paper Moon", "take months", "stay on." Paper is on one person, can cut a paper moon light, take another month, be able to win to the moon on his arms, there is no time to look in the moon, the third person to stay on, the moonlight on his basket inside, black out look in the days when. Very simple, a hundred characters, hundreds of words. Pu brought to write a "labor Mountain Taoist." This is all very familiar story of Liao Zhai.
We look at the feelings of Pu through what kind. Pu's wife is virtuous, virtuous and to what extent? PU gives out the time when the tutor, his wife at home on a pension, under the education of small, live in the desolate old house inside the farm. Night wolf could go to the yard, she did not sleep all night, where they spin, if a little delicious to keep Pu, sometimes remaining a long time, all bad. Such a good wife, but one daily lives with his wife, first wives. So some of the experts of Pu found a clue that Pu has a second wife, what basis? There is a PU Collection "Shu-Ching Chen small as Inscription", this article is that: the article's author and Shu-Ching Chen free love, parents do not agree, the last two people ran away, and then a tragedy. But soon, experts also research out, Pu Shu-Ching Chen is returned from the South to sit in the Royal Museum of Zichuan Toizumi to a village called people on behalf of the Min into the writings of such a so-called second wife to Pu disappeared. We must ask, then why he could write so so beautiful love story? Taiwan famous writer Lin Yutang once guessed. I guess before, I guess it's: PU finished student teaching during the day, night, sitting in the deserted their study, and the outside is dim moonlight, the leaves, where ten thousand noisy sound in the distance came the cry of the fox, At that time a lot of fox. This time it is easy to produce Pu fantasy. He had to imagine a scholar, just like him, is a very poor very unsuccessful, but they very talented, very rich emotional scholar, sitting in a Shortage of fasting which, this time there is a beauty comes into the room. There you are reading? I read your piece, a piece of you and I write poetry, lyrics, and I tell you to play Go, I comfort you in this poor, lonely among the scholars, you do need fame? I help you pass the examination. You do not have children at home wife is not it? I give birth to a child's family line, but this woman does not need parental consent, without the say-not his wife at bay, nor the scholar's money, and even upside down to give you money. Pu life in that society, man and woman that is to their parents or the say-anything not to like this, and unconditional dedication of women to men have it? Can not have, she can only think out of mind, only the author's imagination. She came down from heaven, she is out from the sea floor, and she is coming from the mountains to Dong Fu, and she even netherworld out; she may be the birds change, she may become flowers, or just books of. Scholar is not there to read it? The next move the shelves, "Han," put in here, opened VIII, sandwiched inside a small beauty, silk yarn, scissors, and the back four little words, "Heavenly Weaver Girl." Suddenly, the yarn cutting of little beauty, bow down to the sky and floated down to a scholar, when his wife, looks Huarongyuemao, understanding, with the scholar introduce myself, my name is treasure to be found, "Han" treasure to be found out, this is really "The book fair lady."
Let the great writer Pu so hard all his life, so is living in poverty all his life, in the examination of the way abjection his life, writing a novel way to fight a lifetime. To the Kangxi 50 years, the first month on the 22nd You Shi, the great cold of the ghost story writer sitting in his window forever passed away. Pu poor scholar with a meteoric rise into this dream will finally become a bubble, but with the excellent Chinese culture nurtured together, they become representatives of culture in the world of "Strange Tales" shine. History is fair.
Book
Strange
Belief and
Poems of the Qing-yun Shan Fang
Red pepper de Lac Note
Miscellaneous say
Cloud Poetry
Province recorded body
Huai criminal record
Daily folk character
Wen Li word
Liao word
Liao vernacular verse
Judging from the subject, "Strange Tales" in the works can be divided into the following five categories -
Category: reflect the dark, exposed and criticized the oppression of the feudal ruling class, harm the people of crimes. Such as "Cricket", "ruby", "Dream Wolf", "Mei Girls", "added Huang Liang", "Dou Shi", etc.;
II: against the feudal marriage, criticism of the feudal ethical code, the innocent young men and women sing of love and the struggle for freedom and happiness. Such as "Ying Ning", "Qingfeng", "A Xiu", "Citylink", "blue E", "Crow Head," "Ruiyun", etc.;
III: to expose and criticize the imperial examination system and the various ills of corruption. Such as "Ye" and "conventional in to evil," "Dynasty disadvantages Division", "Jia Feng Zhi", "Mr Man Boy" and "Andy Wong", "whose son", etc.;
The fourth category: praise the spirit of struggle of oppressed people against. Such as "business the three officers" and "I Fang Ping," "to shine", etc.;
Category V: Summary of lessons learned in life, educating people to be honest, helpful, hard-working, are nevertheless reasonable, etc., with a sense of moral reprimand. Such as "kind of pear", "Painted Skin", "Laoshandaoshi", "apple of language," "Wolf" (3) and so on.
In addition, the book is written in the story to remind people to abandon evil from good, greed barbed satirical abuse, treat all living beings, integrity others.
Guo on the "Strange Tales" assessment: written by ghost writing superior, child penetrating stab stab corruption.
On "Lonely" You may have heard a very wide pass a saying Pu to write "Strange" in his hometown of liuquan placed next to tea stalls, please passers-story, finished the home processing, it becomes a "Lonely." This is true of the "three by the House pen and paper," said, Mr. Lu has long been analyzed, no, not like this thing. We are wondering about, Pu poor to that extent, 45 years on the outside when the private school teachers, sometimes even the pot all at home do nothing, how have free time Youzaiyouzai put on the tea, put the smoke, you tell me stories, I write fiction? Impossible. However, Pu hears what people say, hear nothing special to do, he collected to write the novel, that's for sure. He also has a drawn channel, is to find material inside the ancient books. "Lonely" in about 100 novels, was adapted from previous works. Sometimes I remember previous works is very simple. For example, in the Six Dynasties and Tang were fiction, remember the three little stories, called "Paper Moon", "take months", "stay on." Paper is on one person, can cut a paper moon light, take another month, be able to win to the moon on his arms, there is no time to look in the moon, the third person to stay on, the moonlight on his basket inside, black out look in the days when. Very simple, a hundred characters, hundreds of words. Pu brought to write a "labor Mountain Taoist." This is all very familiar story of Liao Zhai.
Translated by Google