吴周 List of Authors
Wu SanguiWu ShifanWu Yingxiong
Wu Sangui
吴周  (1612 AD1678 AD)
Name and Alias: 长伯
Township: 江苏高邮
StartEnd
Reign1678 AD1678 AD
昭武March, 1678 ADDecember, 1678 AD

  Junji 17, the court in order to tax enough to make Wu Sangui military cuts. Wu Sangui the Green Camp and surrendered soldiers, reduced to 24,000 from six million people, elimination of weak keep strong, and left all elite division. Qing Emperor Kangxi years on (1673) ordered the Chefan. Qing Wu Sangui rebels after hearing the news. Zhou Wang claimed the president the world land and water Marshal, to discuss prisoner Tai Hing Ming generals, published official call to arms, the joint level is still the South Wang Shizi letter, jingnan General Sun Yanling Wang Geng Jingzhong and Guangxi, Shaanxi, such as Admiral Fu-Chen Wang for the call to raise an army to the anti-Fuming anti, Huijun into Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan, Fujian and Guangdong provinces, the war spread to Jiangxi, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces, the history of chaos in San Francisco. Qing government transferred massive counterinsurgency efforts, gradually reversing the war situation, Kangxi 17 years (1678), Wu Sangui Hampshire emperor in Hunan, the country great week, Chien-yuan Akitake. I also started their hair, wearing the Ming code of dress. The same year died in Changsha. The Sun Wushi Fan succession, retirement, according to Yunnan. Kangxi two decades (1681) has been around in Kunming, Shi-Fan suicide, Yuzhong a drop. Wu Sangui of future generations to be completely annihilated. Including nursing infants. "History of Qing Dynasty" has Sangui the transfer.
  Albert Wu Qing
  Meet after the beginning of field Doujia, song and dance out of the flower Hou door. Xu Qi Li Harp trick will be, so take general oil wall car.
  It turned out that non-born unlucky this time, only this time tears Zhan Yi. Ye Gong-smelling emotional connection, bright eyes white teeth no pity.
  Hate the book serves him urging the military to kill, hard to stay in about the human error. Similar to each other is difficult En deep, and once a thief ants over Chang'an.
  Wax torch usher in the battlefield, ti makeup sounded Canhong India. Special levy to the Qin Chuan Xiao drum, golden trail car Qian Cheng.
  Long before the tragedy to respect the boss, her husband was good at Hau Wong. At that time only by reputation tired, Gui Qi Hao Jing Yan were induced.
  Family bones into dust, - on behalf of the red makeup according to annals. Do not you see baby Museum of places since the beginning of mandarin ducks, the more female flower to see less.
  Another View of surrendering
  Late March to early April, Wu Sangui linger wander in Yongping, Yutian area. Chongzhen death, death Ming court, Gu Chen Ming court as he and all are looking for way out. And one of the most simple way is to surrender Dashun. This does not violate the ethical code. Regime change, since ancient times is no different. Since the first Ming emperor was actually a real thing Pinseng, then Rereading this Yizu why not do emperor?
  Dashun regarding the DPRK decided to conquest, Wu Sangui early Discovery, was shocked. He said to myself not to resist Dashun off military force. Terms of protecting themselves, he decided to Manchu Set to Kill. Condition is not only to the Qing wealth, and "will be split in order to pay." Manchu on and off in an unknown note of these tragedies. It only knew Li Zicheng settlement Beijing, Chongzhen death, should take this opportunity to the Central Plains chaos of a war with Dashun world. April 9 Shenyang Manchu troops leave. On the 15th line to the Lions after the encounter sent a special envoy Wu Sangui. Dorgon so overjoyed and the suspect did not accelerate the pace of the march. Hill arrived on the 20th. Second messenger to Wu Sangui. Yan Li Zicheng Army has thin Shanhaiguan, the situation is urgent. Qing hearing the news, night and day for 200 years, on the evening of the 21st arrived outside the customs. On the 21st day, Dashun Jun Wu Jun has been at war with. Wu Jun few why he did not. Wu Sangui again sent envoys to the clearing business, urgent reminder Qing join the fight. At this point we do not understand the situation Dorgon to Wu Sangui said, "not the only wealth, will be split in order to pay" to satisfy his ambition is the Central Plains, so instead insist Wu Sangui troops help solve the problem must Dressed dynasties side. At this point, Wu Sangui have no choice. If tomorrow a separate encounters with the Dashun, will defeat, his life will be destroyed. And they have shown by Dorgon, personally clearing business, Dressed bow. The next day, Shanhaiguan war started. Wu Jun wily Dorgon make the first military war with the Dashun. When the two warring sides were tired, and Wu Jun was why he did not have the time, commanded the troops jumped into the array of parties. There is no ideological preparation of the Dashun Army "Tartars soldiers are coming!" The exclamation never led. "All of a sudden, the battlefield empty, dead relative sleeper product, Mi Man Ono."
  If the fall of the Qing Wu Sangui many people not too clear about the specific process, then the personal experience of the Wu Sangui and fewer people know of. Realistically speaking, Wu Sangui do this is not a traitor of the material.
  1612 (four years of Wanli) Wu Sangui born outside the customs of the Han in the town after the native of Gaoyou. Wu-hsiang of the gentry, his father is due to the rise of the Liao Dynasty Nurhaci a harsh policy of ethnic discrimination, on the Han major plus looting killing angry Pen for the Sword then organized militia, protectors. Yoshiyuki Ming Court, appointed to the post of Chief General Liaodong militia. His remarkable achievements, the "Liao Right Jubi," said. After the gold in the resistance struggle, Wu Xiang Liao territory and then some out of friendship forged court generals and to his sister married a Famous Jinzhou, link "to discuss prisoner Pioneer India," the Liaodong star Zuda Shou. Wu Sangui was born and grew up in the area is full of war and have a family history of war against money. This is undoubtedly a young age tempered his strength of courage and sense of anti-gold. In the battlefield, the brave youth of the Wu Sangui is. In a battle, he fell into the enemy positions, a red flag with a shot Prince. In kissing the prince approached brandished a knife ready to cut off the heads, the surprise that the prince suddenly knifed him in the nose. Wu Sangui face covered in blood, but undaunted, torn red dress that wound immediately after the rematch.
  1641 (Chongzhen 14 years) Jin Song to the Ming army defeat the war ended. If 23 years ago after the Battle of the defeat marked the golden master of the external relations of the initiative, then Song Ming Kam of the Baize court that the failure in the war situation as absolutely shattered. Song Jin of the Ming court defeat to the loss of a large number of elite troops and the war will. Xiao Qiang Cao Jiao and other variables captured by Slaughter. Hong Chengchou, Zuda Shou such surrender. Wu Sangui only first-line pain pluggin in Ningyuan Shanhaiguan situation. Wu Sangui extremely difficult conditions in exile under the protection offered to revitalize the Military. Soon they organized an army of tens of thousands of people, adhere to Ningyuan Shanhaiguan and cities such as foreign relations. Liaodong war will or death in the same or lower case, the only remaining resist the Qing Wu Sangui become famous. Taiji has launched the following year the Battle of Horse. Send Aba Tai, tolg shuaibing away from the Wu Sangui defensive Shanhaiguan, typical agricultural village by the yellow line into the side. Burning and looting, Jiangsu, Shandong direct military front. Zhu Ming Kwan will all Wangfengertao inside. Only Wu Sangui still dare shuaibing Entering Yao Ji Qing, and quite frequently gains. And then to 1643, as noted earlier, Wu Sangui strong resistance to the Qing invincible Ningyuan City, third in the bitter taste of defeat.
  In order to solve more than it difficult for Shanhaiguan this barrier, the Qing court to summon somebody to surrender Wu Sangui launched a powerful offensive. As the uncle Zuda Shou Wu Sangui and mentor Hong Chengchou and numerous brothers, colleagues, such as Wu Sanfeng, ancestral to law, such as have been surrendered to the Qing Chang Tsun-jen, Huang Taiji himself has written so summon somebody to surrender to him, but also told them there are all kinds of relations with Wu Sangui down to write to him to capitulate. But Wu Sangui end unmoved. Of course, this is because his father to stay in the capital appeared to be hostages, on the other hand when the awareness against the Qing Dynasty and Wu Sangui inseparable.
  Face the facts of inquiry, should be recognized that the objective factors contributed to Wu Sangui degenerated into a traitor of the important reasons. This is Li Zi Cheng objective factors into the Beijing adopted a series of errors after the practice.
  On the whole, Dashun approach is discarded in the stability of the regime itself so clearly the importance of bureaucratic co-operation, from the local point of view, is forced against the Wu Sangui. This is prompted Wu Sangui surrendering, but also to move from prosperity to Dashun the final destruction of critical failure. For those 10 days - just a moment in history - in the case of various historical records has a slightly different records. Dramatic changes in the face of Wu Sangui emotional behavior stricken. Documented that he had accepted the summon somebody to surrender Li Zicheng. Only when not fully open, then the father was detained after another copy to be swept and dominated the news love Kyi. There is, he reluctantly to accept his father's distress, but must not accept the love Kyi humiliated. He knew that he was the Manchu and the Rereading the two major forces in the slit. Whether stranded in the capital of the consideration for the father, or from his ten years of the Qing Dynasty and flame of hatred of view, his clique are surrendering Dashun is logical. But the 30-year-old flower of their youth generals cut a Rereading of envoys in parallel out of, "Lee from sending head thief," the obscurity, the respect from this should go cut off, and had been intended to take. Nevertheless he was surrendering, but there are still concerns, and even raise an army in the informed Rereading to a break after all wanted to Commit Suicide. But when he faced the reality, the only out of tricks to call in the Qing Dynasty. And this move took the capital of the Qing Dynasty moved to Beijing from Shenyang, Wu Sangui not regret it later to eat.
  Envisaged, if the move to win over Dashun including Wu Sangui it out, including bureaucrats, the situation may be another round of situation. Rereading Instead of thousands of troops to suppress the Wu Sangui, but this military assistance to the North against the Manchu. Unity to stabilize the situation in the south after the Hui Ge. To the corruption of Hongguang Administration of Nanming to discretion, it is rational to be. Or because the northern tight Dashun considerable time, unable to move south in the cutting, which to a large number of Ming Li Zi Cheng and Wu Sangui and down the court, such as Datong Chief General Qin Xiang is enough strength to resist the sum of Manchus. Ming court once so difficult, was due to the Manchu, farmers combat troops on both sides, loss, hard-pressed. But if the situation simplified for large shun the Qing Dynasty, Qing ride that aspect of North China, Central China will no longer see the status. After a period of stable interest-bearing, the new uniform will also Dashun South China. As a unified force Dashun complex it is clear whether there is outside the customs territory, which is open to question. Unified Dashun Song will be a replica of the weak? Will actually lead to today's China territory south of the Great Wall? These problems have left the title of this article, do not make redundant.
  Folk historians do not start more than that is Ming Wu Sangui Panchen, but because of the Manchu banner of "revenge for the Jun Fu" in the name of knocking at the gate, with a death sentence for the capture of Beijing's Li Zi Cheng Chong Zhen Emperor was Ming had canonized Jianzhou Jurchen Department (later King) but it was people. Rereading the Joint bowls together to fight the Dashun regime, at the time seemed reasonable, but again. Ming when the Chinese national consciousness is not strong, as long as the rulers of the country ways to the Han Chinese to accept, Han rule does not exclude the Alien. This is either the Xianbei Northern, or Western Xia, Liao, Jin until the Yuan and Qing Dynasty, mixed in the initial stages of the founding of the Han Chinese are usually not met strong resistance.
Translated by Google

吴周Wu Sangui
(1678 AD1678 AD)
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