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1190, wen was born in Taiyuan, Shanxi Xinzhou Prefecture Show Rong (now Shanxi Xin County) under the Department of Zhoushan a literary family, and courtiers. Their ancestors came from the Northern Wei Dynasty Xianbeis Tuoba, when Emperor Xiaowen of the sentence to change surnames Yuan's. His father Deming proficient poetry. He had one of his childhood as the son of his uncle, uncle element grid has successively served as Shandong ye xian, Shanxi Lingchuan magistrate. Wen childhood intelligent, studious, 4 years old to study poetry, 7-year-old could compose poems, was called "the child prodigy." Youth traveling with his uncle, Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi and other places around the familiar customs. 14 years old, follow the Shanxi Lingchuan Famous Scholar Hao Jinqing learning, studying classics and history, through 100, 6-year studies, history and culture of the Han Chinese have a very in-depth research.
Wen youth, social unrest, turmoil and chaos of war. Uncle passed away, he accompanied his mother to Henan Dengfeng displaced, living poor life. By age 28, he took the "Kei Mountain", "song of" other poems, ask for advice on literary celebrity Zhao Bingwen, Zhao Bingwen his poetry, is the appreciation since then wen to fame, world-famous Kyoto.
1221, 32-year-old wen exams and Scholars, 37-year-old would undergo the career, Ren Zhenping county magistrate. In 1231, was called up in Beijing, any hospital editing national history, the Board of Civil Yuanwai Lang. The following year, into the Hanlin, Zhizhi Gao.
1233, Jin perish, wen do not intend to officialdom, they travel around the world, search for former historical sites, write poetry, do text, poor living survivor of life. This period, collect and record the payment on behalf of the monarch and his subjects his words and deeds over a hundred million words, repair the "Golden History."
In addition to expertise in poetry, the wen also good at Cifu, Dynasty, literary theory, many have masterpieces, well known past and present. Wen in his later years monograph on theory of poetry, he was admired Du Fu, Su Shi, author of "Science Citation Du," "Su Shi Ya" and the book. Hao Yuan scholars prepared by the increase of his poetry admired, praised his poetry and the Book of distant phase, copying Lee, DU may be Sushi, Shangu phase border the United States.
[King Poetry and wen]
Wen d "Zhou Collection", was written by Liu Sai Yan Ji biography section citing Li Chunfu so much the arguments, and such
Liu Ji discussion on the understanding of the life, thought, poetry is not directly related to his performance this is just the discussion of pure
Respected, agreed. Wen in the "Central Plains Collection" Li Chunfu biography on the net just have a very thrust to weight, then, that wen in
Literary thought of by a Lichun Fu Fu will be when the language is not.
As with Lichun Fu Zhou Ang said that "as they face different talent Yan. Ermukoubi no much difference a few, however, as meaning
S, not those who are not extremely bad. "(Wang Ruo" Hu Southern Poetry "drawing) Thus, he proposed:" The article intended mainly
To the word language to labor. Battle Lord strong and weak, no order is not from. Modern people are often proud of their labor, is difficult to despotic system of fraudulent claims of its anti-labor
Lord. Although most speech language of work, and Qi Wen of Masaya? "
(See "Central Plains set Changshan Chow expensive" and Wang Ruo, "Hu Southern Poetry"). Although this theory may lead to the
Anti-Jiangxi School conclusions, but he has not formally proposed the idea to send anti-Jiangxi. Therefore, in the Jin Dynasty in the late first
Jiangxi faction counter-claims is indeed Li Chunfu. It is worth noting: Lichun Fu Hong state for the people, Hong state originally part of the Liao.
Zhou Ang really set people, and Wang Ruo Gaocheng people show guest, wen Taiyuan; Though these were originally part of the Northern Song, but are close to Liao,
Song border, more acceptable Liao culture. Li Chunfu of stress, "although Yifu room concubine grief grateful words, and the saints with
Complex and regrets ", and Liao were connected literary tendency could die. You can also say that the late payments on behalf of the school's activities against Jiangxi
Action, and Liao literary tradition is not without contact. Of course, the anti-School of Jiangxi's activities can start on such a scale, so that there is
Practical basis: the decline of gold brought to the elite inner pain and feelings of agitation urgent need to get the table in the poems
Now, the School of Jiangxi idea with this apparent contradiction between the requirements.
Wang Ruo's "Hu Southern Poetry" In addition to the idea of outside repeat weeks expensive, and clearly stated: "Sorrow truth, motivated by emotion,
The Nyaya poem also. "Said:" The ancient poets, although interest is still different, different structure, to all out of contentment, to the address
Up to straighten out, were enough to master, so is there are people who syntactic rope? Lu straight opening of syntax, this is not as ancient office. "
In his view, as long as the poetry for the poet's "complacent", but also writing fluent, logically, no problems (so-called
"Ci up to straighten out"), yet no matter how interesting, are famous article; because the fundamental requirement of poetry, is "acted from their hearts" of
The "Sorrow of truth." So, he was opposed to Huang Ting "syntactic rope people" and their advocates in the form of various
Rules and prohibitions, he thinks it will only damage the situation of the real poetry. "Valley of the poem, no magic, and strange, there is absolutely no new
Placed horizontally, extravagant knowledge that the rich, old attunement that the new, and totally natural, such as the pulmonary outflow of the liver were also inadequate. "
His "Hu Southern Poetry," not only a lot of criticism Huang Ting's poems, and poems that Neo has also been ridiculed.
Clouds: "European companies often rank send a poem: 'laugh often kill Ruyin of scholars, to listen to North Korea decades riding the chicken.' Cheng Yi says: 'Su Xing trend
North Korea, non-funny thing, Uncle John need not Drive. 'Husband the poet's words, how can the case of zai? Number of days of Sincerity, also Shen Yi. "
This is Li Chunfu not subscribe to science, indeed the same strain.
Wen to advocate its quatrains of poetry "Poems on 30." The following are often the first reference:
Cao Xiao Hu Liu sat wind, the whole world no one corner two male. But unfortunately, the state Liu Yue Shi, Jian do not teach in cross-lance.
In Jin Ye Merry, under more Zhuanghuai still see the missing pot song. Situation if less hate Zhang, Wen Ho Lee Nile new sound!
Shen Song Wang Chi calligraphy field, do not waste the early romantic Qi and Liang. Ping Wu Gong For prospective patients, co-gold casting Ziang.
Quaint difficult to sub-US pro, pure total loss Yishan true. Under the Fu River Poetry Ning Weng worship, not for Jiangxi Azeri society.
He certainly Jian Wei, Jin and negative Qi, Liang, thereby greatly praise ang, and cause regret in the sink, not waste Qi Song,
Beam; He Wen, Li with dissatisfaction; right Tingjian also affirmed on the School of Jiangxi is significant with contempt. This is related to Li Chunfu
As Liu Ji, "West Yan set" by the order of the arguments and "Hu Southern Poetry" in the cited opinions are common. He
Other article, said, "The Book of Songs" in the "Min", "Bo Xi", "quiet woman" and other articles, "tailor-full of small Fu Jian Fu
The hair, mouth wantonly made, see the government take in collecting poems, and poems saint deleted, and dare not be wasted. "(" Ran Collection of Poems order ")
More and Li Chunfu who "Yi Fu Room concubine grief grateful words, and the saints with mixed and well-deserved, but also the words chi has gone"
The same hand. But wen they think that "cover the Qin before mellow folk to kings of Chak not far ... ... so wantonly mouth
Written, no harm was reasonable. Present and future of small Fu Jian Fu, full and fat, wantonly mouth written, sufficiently pollution Slips "(ibid.),
The moral evaluation of literary criticism as the primary criterion to "full of the hair, mouth wantonly made," the principle of setting a limit creative
System, shows the influence of Confucianism on him. However, he cited below, some works of view, his limitations are not serious
Georgia, on the straightforward, could die still persist.
However, on the wen, in his literary activities is not the most important literary criticism, but poetry.
He lived in troubled times both in his poems often associated with political reality.
Generally, he wrote directly to the people of those poor, hungry, oppressed by the official phenomena like poetry, not as he
Those focused on reality, to express their own grief and indignation of the work has been too impressive. Such as his "Yanmen Road, in Book":
Jincheng stay late Banjialian, Wu Wu drunk dance. Browse morals go out, Can Can sorrow the heart. Summer drought last year, July millet ear spit.
A former tents come, dawn but in soil. Scheduling urgent Spark, Bu Chu negative force hammer. Recruiting side hung, country music what the fruit? Food Wo
A hundred flying dragon, a tiger non-meat selection. Calls every day does not smell, feel what Satire complex supplement? Those who unlined child, trafficking buy up on the South House. Lean Camp 1
Full, not at Le Yuan Jia service? Plates of Yanmen Road, Stream deep snow to stop. Semi-Ling Feng drive, human and cattle are so cruel!
Although this poem was the suffering of the people, rulers of Tan Bao, but give the reader the feeling is more general, difficult to arouse
Strong sympathy or resentment. That is mainly because the author himself with people who are in dire straits a considerable distance in this
Away from, not on their Kuxin empathy to the violent hatred of the rulers and is not really strong together.
However, the following can cause the reader of these poems are very resonance.
Hundred and related non-cross-river grass, the dark years of his military Qin Beijing. Qi Yang Xiwangshan no letters, Gansu water flows east news crying. Wild Man affectionate
Ying war bone, setting sun, deliberate according to ghost town. Gray fine to ask from whom fight for severance Chi for five soldiers? ("Qi Yang" 3 bis)
Miles Jingxiang dust into the war, Bianzhou outside the Jingzhen. Dragon, Not a Chizhong Wu, nit lice air tragedy on the ground Chen. Tree in his
Huai native country, where wild tobacco look pedestrian. Autumn without blowing silver hair, stormy sea to the body. ("Imjin December driving them east
Hunting after five things "of four)
Results and both tremendous and the capital intensity of grief Qiu, the war brought great disaster to the poet of anxiety and pain in a very coagulation
Lian, concentrated forms. Written before a war taking place in Qi Yang (Shanxi Fengxiang this area), poet
Henan Province is in today, but Kim dynasty has been devastated, such a fortune is also ready to come to the poet's head.
So he really have a personal interest on this, not yesterday's, "from whom the fine gray asked to fight for severance Chi for five soldiers" have not only
Is based on the sympathy of the public theater, it is their destiny from the start of the Bei Si. Although after a "pregnant tree in his homeland"
The sentence, showing Kim dynasty's sincerity, but its focus is still displayed in the atrocious war. Means Bianliang (now Kaifeng)
Be destroyed, leaving only trees and wild tobacco, no more pedestrians, and with a similar realm of empty city in the setting sun. Only
The latter one also highlights the ministers for not defending national contempt and they have to turn the tide back in both the confidence
Content than the previous one complex; But no matter what the capital with a huge, emotional component. This vigorous, strong sense of
Situation and the resulting natural, rich imagination, which together with high performance capabilities is the artistic achievements of poetry wen
Lies.
Cited above, "Qi Yang Xiwang" 4, the written element is for the soldiers surrounded by extreme care and Qi Yang
Imagine the tragic scenes in the local. The imagination is very vivid and detailed, but they are able to do that, really depends not only on
Rich in imagination, but also depends on the legacy of the war-Qi Yang (and all similar areas) of people in deep
Feelings. There is no basis for such feelings, imagination has no way of play. Moreover, in this imagination, even
"Wild Man" and "setting sun" had been given a feeling, which is the outside of the poet's own feelings.
As for the expression of the strong, first of all is the scene of the creation and selection. Such as "Wild Man" 2, respectively, to write war dead
Violent bone country and a large number of civilians killed and flight brought the demise of the city, which is the most brutal war fear people
Head of the Department. The poet does not see such scenes facts, is in his imagination created. However, the beginning of his imagination,
War must pour all sorts of terrorist scene, far more than these two, it should be selected. At the same time, these imagined
Wanted to come to the scene will not appear at the beginning so when full, but should be experienced from the simple to the complex and constantly created
Process.
Followed by the words of skill temper. The words the poet trying to express the least possible number of elements. This can still
"Wild Man" 2 as an example. Chan, "Wild Man" is the rap element of affectionate soldiers really brutal. Asked the setting sun, "He means" light empty city,
Empty City is the scene that has been terrible, and setting sun why light it? "He means" of the setting sun and the word Suisi
Hair, in fact, indirectly express their grief. In other words, with "enthusiastic", "He means" four words, these two on and
With the writing scene, to express the feelings of two properties. Words of the accomplishments of its temper, this can be seen. Also, "setting sun" This means
Sunset, but the "residual" character is also incomplete, residual eliminate such significance; here do not "sunset" instead of "setting sun" will have to
Enable readers have broken association with the sun and increase the atmosphere of terror, the same word is the result of refining.
The third is the use of allusions. This helps to increase the narrative's Smart. Such as "Long Water flows east news crying" one, in
All poetry is indeed a nexus of important role.
But since the "Qi Yang Xiwang no letter," how can a poet know "Wild Man" described in those two situations?
If that is supposedly from, necessarily undermined the appeal.
Now with the "Long Water" one, so that came as described above into the "cry" shows the content; although the actual
Still expect out of the poet, the reader is devoid of feeling on the traces expect in performance also appears to exquisite tick
Through at one go. So, how can the poet heard cries coming from there, then? This is a means of allusions. Northern Dynasty "Long
The first song, "said:" Longtou water, song whine. Looking back Qin Chuan, liver and intestine cut off. " "Whine" This can also be described as crying,
"Wang Jian Nan Qi Shu Biography" had "moved to tears sobbing" remarks. Therefore, the poet to the water flows east Gansu sobbing understood
Crying while writing this sentence.
Wen Scenery is also very characteristic of poetry. Both "Hanbo Dan Dan, the white bird a lengthy down" ("Ying Ting other left")
Kind of quiet, but also "Who were the two peaks towering to, strength dripping wash Fall Blue" ("<bimodal King show map> to participate in politics Yang
Assistant minister Fu ")
Kind of magnificent. But whether it is quiet or the magnificent, flow in between the feelings are abundant. Write "Ting Ying stay
Do not, "he has experienced the reality of political life, many of the pain, so far away from the hustle and bustle of the nature of political gain
A sense of relief, and for his joy that the peaceful landscape of praise, and so into the things I differences vanished ①. As
"Vitality dripping wash Fall Blue" as the scene, so much the object ("Twin Peaks King show map" or as the prototype of the self-map
However, Vista) itself has the character of the poet's feeling rather say; because the natural scenery that neither property nor
Screen can show (at best screen performance was magnificent, but can not achieve the "vitality dripping" is even used
To "wash Fall Blue"). Considering that the poet "A stormy sea to the body" self-expectations, you can know his heart is
How great and super strong desire for public; Therefore, this verse is actually a strong inner desire of its projection. In short,
Wen literary achievements were, and Liao literature since, in northern China in the Frank Feeling literary tradition has
Inextricably linked. However, the ability to show the performance of these three poets, in particular the second, three points, but the main
Poetry from the Han tradition. Therefore, wen poetry, the real Liao literature has since Frank Feeling of
Features and Han in the art of performance poetry accumulation of organically combined together, and made remarkable achievements.
① Li Guangting "Guang Yuan Yishan Chronicle," said Jin Xing poem is set two years (1218) to positive big four years (1227) or Yuan
Good Question nominal age 20-year-old to 30-year-old made between specific for unknown years. Press, wen to the right of the first year of national history in CP
Hospital officials editing, the following year on extended leave from Beijing, as "out of Beijing," poetry, "the worthy from the non-official, may request the chief told Yan. ... ... Dust
With blur-free, dream, see Ching Ying "language. And" Do not stay Ying Ting, "said:" The enemies carrying heavy points, temporary stream in return drive. ... Pregnant ...
It home from the emergency, state of the leisure. Origin of negative Yin Xiao pot, enough sorrow Sa dust. Looking back booth people, Hirabayashi Danru painting. "Visible
Return to the Garden this trip really is. If not already an official career and family are in office by, in improper Return to the Garden as "dust enough grief Sa" sigh.
Value of "out of Beijing," the poem to "from the official" to "Dust", "relative blur", which as "Ying on the left do," when the time had an official career
Therefore, another poem, "Origin of negative Yin Xiao pot" language, and friends to stay in the local (that is, "booth") for numerous envy. From
"From the worthy non-official," "ashamed I am coming out to, dust over Beijing Zheng Yi" ("Li Songyang Hermit Taoist map"), "from the government-inch
Also Music "(" drinking five "of the three), etc. readme of view, in his official career in life feel a lot of pain. Poem when
Going to be in the first year after CP.
Or Q: wen already have Confucian literary thought by the impact of pregnancy on the lead contained in the feelings of poetry from the Confucian loyalty can also be
Jun patriotic point of view to explain, how can they say that their strong feelings from Liaoning literature since Frank Feeling of tradition? Current
Cited its "Mo Yuer" word as an example. Word before a small order:
Taihe, the name in homes with small children to go to the water were unhappy affair. Officials to trace the no see also. Then step 蕅
Who have two dead bodies in water, clothing can still experience such incident are white. Is years old, this reservoir are all Bingdi who opened lotus. ... ... Song to Music
Government "double lotus complaints" life chapter, "Tsui five colors of the fungus, Hong health Jiuqiao;
Crisis of the pharynx 3 Rui Lu, the U.S. move seven emotions. "Han Wo" The poetry "in the Autobiography language.
All words are as follows:
Asked the lotus root, the number of silk, lotus hard to know for whom? Johnson double flowers Pulse opposite, but the old home and children! Days has been the promise of even
Do not teach, bald duck pump life and death?
Sunset speechless. Operators thank-smoke, Xiang Concubine river, not a heartbroken Department.
"The poetry" Dream, Fortunately Ganoderma Rui Lu. Human pitch Heritage. Haikushilan affection on, Youhen not buried. Phase
Thinking tree, flow year, no reason has been westerly errors. Lanzhou less to live. Afraid to re-set wine, red half down, messy bedroom autumn.
This affair drowned to death in young men and women is clearly violated ethical codes, but he can not for their combination of
Outrage, issued a "substantial lack of education, white-headed duck pump life and death" questions. He said: true love can not be combined, which
Is the most intolerable pain, compared with "thank-you smoke, the river Xiang Concubine" is not too heartbroken. He even his
We give warm praise for Love, that is, but life everlasting Tianrang to shift their spirit, but also the so-called "sea dry
Black Stone affection on, Youhen not buried. "Prior to the Jin Dynasty, Chinese literature from adultery made no such strong
Distinct blessing. Wife also written a word to, grief, comfort, both, at the end of a few words showed the emotional
Profound resonance.
With this in mind, it can be wen that although the concept by the impact of Confucian literature, but tradition still in his Frank Feeling
Literary Creation in the role play can not be ignored. In fact, not only the song "Mo Yuer" is cited in the two poems
There are also signs of feeling against the ceremony. "From small to gray who asked for five soldiers fight removal Chi!"
This is a day of criticism, has Guan Hanqing was "Snow in Midsummer" and blaming Heaven hate to connected; As for the "dragon Qi
Is Chizhong Wu? Nit lice Chen air tragedy on the ground "and" stormy sea to the body "and other words, their" Lu Cai Yang had "really has more than Qu
Original. This situation at least for the Song do not take.
But now, therefore, represented by wen Jin and Song Literature Literature has different characteristics, and the Yuan Dynasty Literature
- In particular, Yuan - link more closely than the Song Dynasty literature. This feature makes wen his poems by
To future generations in high esteem. Zhao Yi wrote: "(the ancient poetry of Yi Shan) the idea of subterranean vague, 10-step Jiuzhe, the better off and more Italian
Deep, the more flavor Jun, although Su (Shi), Lu (tour) and have not. Shen Zhi Piece is more desolate, Since its tone, in the Tang Dynasty
To verses of the epic who shaoling dozen to the outside, no Si ring, leaving the mountain is often. "
("Zhao Yi"), Zhou Yi assessment of its term, then that is "also muddy Ya, also broad, with the backbone, a meteorological"
("Hui Feng Words"). These evaluations, though not really, but enough to show that he has played in literary history is not a small effect.
Another is re-introduced his song "Mo Yuer" words to show its esteem for the intelligence. Before the word is also a small order.
Yi Chou-year-old went to trial and the state. Dao Feng Yan who goes fishing: "Today was a goose, killing him carry on. Its network of those who lament not go off,
Actually died from the cast to the ground. "I bought because of, funeral of Fenshui above, Lei Shi for the knowledge, Hao Yue" Goose Hill. "Companion more
To write poetry, I have, "Yan Qiu word." Old Palace of the non-commercial, this change determined.
Asked the world, is love, direct teaching Shengsixiangxu! Flying off from different places, the old wing back for several summers and winters. Huan fun, from the
Do not suffer, is the more crazy children.
Jun proper language. Miao Wan Li stratus, Qianshan Mu Jing, only video for whom? Wang Cang Road, then lonely flute drum. Along dirt by
Old Ping Chu. Evocation some of what is cheap and Chu, Shangui from wind and rain cry. Days are jealous, not the letter with, Yinger swallow all loess. Thousands of years
Old. To leave passers-by, Poets swig, visit Yan Qiu Department.
(History of Chinese Literature, Pei Luo Yu, youth sweep school)
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