明代  (1611 AD～1644 AD)

Web/Pen/Nick Name：	绍天绎道刚明恪俭揆文奋武敦仁懋孝烈皇帝
Temple Name：	思宗
Tomb：	思陵
Start End Reign 1627 AD 1644 AD 崇祯 1628 AD March, 1644 AD 

　　1. Biography
　　2. The country has hanged himself
　　Jingshan the Chong Zhen Emperor inscription Chongzhen hanging Department built 17 years (1644) March 1, Tatung fall, Beijing critical fourth day on, any Chongzhen Ping Wu Sangui as Hebrew, Wei Fei Xi Sankei into the capital, only use Wu-hsiang Admiral Beijing camp. On the 6th, Li Zicheng depression Vision House, the eunuch Du Xun surrender, on the 15th, scholar Li Jiantai surrender, troops began to surround Dashun Beijing, of the eunuch Cao Chun said: "If Tadakata, current affairs will not to this." March 16 , Changping fall, on the 17th, laid siege to Beijing. March 18, Dashun army to attack the West straight flight staircase, ping, Zhu Desheng Gate, defenders or run away or down. PM, CAO of Chun open Chang-door (1 is the 19th Xiang-Yao opened Xuanwumen, another Zhang Jin Yan Shou Zhengyangmen, Zhuchun Chen Shou-sun door, a moment all open, 2 Chen Ying Mynbai thief, thief Teng City, killing Hyobu assistant minister Wang Jiayan in tower, vice-minister Meng Zhaoxiang died under the gate), farmers army invaded Beijing. Eunuch Wang Lian urgent notice the emperor in the palace drinking Chongzhen sigh: "My people suffer Seoul!" Eunuch Zhang Yin persuaded the emperor to surrender, stabbed to death by sword. Chong Zhen Emperor ordered sent to Prince Edward, John King, King of the Xun Qi Zhoukui, Tien Hung-home opportunities. Weeks after they forced suicide, Shou Ren Fei Yuan, Chang Ping Princess, Zhaoren Gong master. Chongzhen armed with three guns and several dozen eunuchs riding out the Donghua Gate, was hindered by arrows, run of the door had gotten together (sun gate), into the country behind closed doors without public Zhuchun Chen satisfied, then turned to Andingmen, here observe Army has been scattered, and the door locked, the eunuch to ax can not split. March 19 at dawn, fire everywhere, return to the palace, outside the city is already a fire Ying days. At this point the weather will be clear, ringing call Baiguan Chongzhen in the front hall, but no one came, Chongzhen said: "Zhu Chen error I have, the emperor died Sajik, 270 years of the world, once discarded, are as a traitor by the error, so this. "hanged themselves last in the Jingshan Wai Bo tree, dead time with his left foot, right foot wearing a red shoes. Age 33. Side only, accompanied by Admiral eunuch Wang Chengen. Died in the blue robes hanging on the big book, "I despise cool bow Germany, on dry days, blame, however wrong I are Zhu Chen. I see the face of death without ancestors, since to the crown, to issue cladding. Any thief split, do not One person injured people. " March 21 bodies were found weeks Dashun Army Chongzhen Queen's corpse and coffin out of the Gong Jin, Donghuamen said in public, "Zhuchenkubai were 30 people, 60 people who worship and cry, I it had been all form the most. ", Zigong temporarily house north of the river in the Forbidden City. April 4, Changping, Zhao Yigui State Officials and the Queen, who will be buried into the Chongzhen Tian, Changping County, among the Royal tomb, the Qing Dynasty to "imperial body Gaizang, so that subjects for the three-day mourning, posthumous fierce pity the Emperor said, Zhuang, Ling said, thinking Ling. " When Li Zicheng leave Beijing, I found "Imperial Library shut key as before, the old town library gold, Jinian not those 37 million, loss of its singular zero, can be deployed on behalf of two years. Is today's test as, Tomorrow plunder, at home and show However, keys as before the shut. Qixian Di Before I saw the left nationality or not? numerous chase Chang. "Ming Si were Death, the Ming Hongguang Shao days between Posthumous Ke Jian Yi Road, just out Premier Wen Mao Xiao-Fen Wu Duiren strong emperor, posthumous names of thinking were later replaced by Yi cases. Tangwangshan posthumous title for Wei cases. Qing Zhuang intense pity to the emperor, the posthumous names were pregnant. Beijing Changping thinking burial tomb.
　　Empress
　　Christine Shu Concubine Tianxiu Ying, died 1643. Posthumous Kung Hui Ching Wai Wong Shu-side Concubine, Changping Tianshou funeral, which is also thought Ling.
　　Tianqi Emperor Zhu from the University
　　Huai King Hui of Chu from the mold
　　Child
　　Ci Wang Xuan Zhu Huai implicit, strongly sympathize Queen Mother Zhuang Zhou, early mourning.
　　Mourning king Ling Chu Chi-hwan (1633 -1,708), the mother of Christine Wai Wong Shu-side Concubine Tian Hui Jing, Ming Si were the fifth son of Emperor Kangxi was arrested 40 years after the "rebellion of Zhu Though lacking something, perhaps a No rebellion of the heart "as the charges were put to death.
　　Female
　　Zhaoren Gong master (name unknown) (1639-1644), were killed in 1644 were thinking.
　　1610, Zhu students by the prosecution for ordinary Luo Zhu Mingguang were the fifth son, mother Xian Fei Liu, early death of a prince.
　　1627 (apocalypse years) in August, Tianqi Emperor Zhu from the school died in the Palace of Heavenly Purity, in 23 years. No son, Yi Zhao ordered five brothers - believe that the throne by the prosecution of Wang Zhu. Zhu came to the throne by the prosecution. Mother Xianfei to pursue posthumous title Empress Xiao pure, Zhou Fei register for the Queen. In November, after the elimination of Wei Zhongxian wings, then its derogatory to Fengyang, way to Zhili Fucheng, Wei Zhongxian Ming Si that were about to arrest him, and then hanged himself to death with a eunuch Li Chaoqin.
　　1630, Li Wong Chee Lang was the eldest son of Crown Prince. Long drought, vegetarian home Wenhua Dian, encyclical Baiguan repair province. In May, the Qing defeat return. June, Mizhi Zhang Xianzhong gathered to revolt. August, Yuanchonghuan for "commanded care not effective, experts rely bully hidden to the capital city of rice stolen in order to bring the suspect was cut handsome" is spine-punishment (split limbs) were killed. Deputy governor Yansui all censor Hong Chengchou, Famous Official Duwen Huan Zhang Xianzhong in Qingjian defeat.
　　June 1633, Wong Chu Ci Huansheng fourth son, after the closure Yong Wang. In July, in Taiwan and Netherlands invaders violated Xiamen, Fujian governor appointed Zou Wei Lian Zheng Zhi for the striker, on September Lantau in Penghu, Kinmen Romania beat the Dutch material.
　　1637 the first month, Nanjing earthquake. In February, North Korea surrendering. In April, after the gold military attack kepi Island. Jie imperial ministers have the people, and to return to God. In June, two around the capital, Shanxi drought. July, Shandong, Henan face locust plague, the great famine of the people. Annan, Ryukyu tributes.
　　1640, 2 ki, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi drought plus locust, resulting plight of people eating people.
　　1643, Fengyang repeated earthquakes. Siam, Okinawa, Hamilton tributes.
　　Chongzhen throne, integrity, internal and external state occasion, there are millions of peasant rebellion army of the Loess Plateau, outside the Manchurian cavalry, lining out in the cold mountains and rivers, Wind and Smoke everywhere. He decided something decisive, vigorous and resolute, for example in the case of Um party, but also cautious paranoid, indecisive, the side, as is the first stabbing outside on the inside or the first security has been that variable, then wrong country; both mean and cruel side of Guaen turn hostile , there are passionate Rouchang the side, on the week love each other; he made a very strict, no delay or excitement, bad sex, lives a simple life; he often sought advice about, but opinionated and can not do humbly accept ; he Use of Personnel, such as Yuanchonghuan Yang Sichang, Hong Chengchou, a generation Wenwuquancai, appointing them, to follow its advice, excellent case of Canada, once the angry, bitter ruthless, results in the killing, leading to post-employment non-emerged towards 50 with Chongzhen situation; his shirt Benjamin Lai Man suffering, often have even ordered the crime, but plundered the people paste, additional excessive, interesting people from untold miseries; he make every effort, often platform move right, the gains and losses in political consultation, and discuss the subjects as the rise and fall of the road, as political tsatsa, hands-on, prefer to give ZTE Lord Lord, but eager to seek treatment, responsible minister is too sudden, so that people panic, that are often made road cut off any non-human, and eventually became a loner, as Meishan martyred, the only eunuch from the dead ear [1]
　　Ming Si case is a generally sympathetic to the emperor, Li Zicheng "very Chao Teng," also said, "The emperor is very dark (not too bad Chongzhen Emperor), isolated lesions Yang Hang and more (even if he is isolated, we rather for the people of the State against corrupt officials have made many good); Chen utterly private, rarely more than the party and public loyalty. "thought were very complex character, in addition to Wei Zhongxian, the Chongzhen performed very witty, but in dealing with Yuanchonghuan concerned, but are rather stupid. As the scholar said, "who were in thought, wit and folly, courage and wayward, brilliant idea and Hunzhao, combination," "History of Ming Dynasty," said he: "and the police of any suspicious but good just the still air. Any Review the harsh Guaen, still air is sharp-stricken. "As the former than Shenzong, Tianqi Emperor, or even most of the late Ming Dynasty emperor, thinking the country to save the country were strong sense of responsibility and ambition of many, so historians have to think of these common sympathy, that Chong Zhen Emperor's life really is "not lost his country's subjugation tragedy." "Ming Dynasty" Best case evaluation, said: "Royal Order of God, and Hay, the generously promising. Ascended the throne at the beginning, Shen Machine arbitrary, cradled against eliminating traitors, the world desire Zhiping. Xihu trend has been dumping, habits finding a mate. While in the Mountain Portal dispute. Xinjiang will be proud Death lazy and drinking places. soldiers shortage four divisions, roving bandits spread. Suizhi fester and Mo cured must indeed have been unfortunate. However, there is the reign of 10 years, not by bringing sensual, worry about persuading toes, Satan heart governance. Powerbut hui died of septicemia, generously thought was very material, and its people with the bandit, beneficial to ruin things. Naifu trust in eunuchs, cloth out to be, the measure improper system set good side. Zuo finished migration, suffering from bad change, it not fate Shiran zai. the cause of life at home is Tai, demon atmosphere are gone, and the emperor was added Posthumous Jianling ceremony generous. is the Sheng Zhao Sidley, the more eternal degree, they can not know God, confronted by danger and shame The body, strong carry on justice for the fallen state. "historian Sen said:" The thought of these before in Wanli, non-lost his country; after the apocalypse, the ruin themselves!. " Although the Civic Centre for the rule were hardly a country recipe that lead to the tragedy of national subjugation, not black. Sen also said that ideas were "strict observation for personal use, without Zhirenzhiming", "I do not know Xu Min." Thought were the employer failed, suspicion overweight, Yu-under too strict, known to history as "Chongzhen 50 with" (in office 17 years, the replacement of 50 内阁大学士, Grand Secretary), has accelerated the fall of the Ming Dynasty. Thought were very complex character, in addition to Wei Zhongxian, the Chongzhen performance than wit, but in Yuanchonghuan regarding the performance of very stupid, Yuanchonghuan with Chongzhen Liaodong that recovered within five years, just like a madman. Chongzhen also crazy, he really believed it was. Until three years later, Yuanchonghuan for his lying finally paid a heavy price. As the scholar said, "who were in thought, wit and folly, courage and wayward, brilliant idea and Hunzhao, combination." Historians generally have sympathy for the ideas were that the Chong Zhen Emperor's life really is "not lost his country's subjugation tragedy."
　　Although Ming Ming Si were looking forward to usher in his hands, "ZTE" unfortunately reversed the previous dynasty, when the world famine, epidemic large, the people change constantly throughout the outbreak of the continual harassment, invasion of the North Taiji, plus Ming Si and urgent requirements were, by nature skeptical, opinionated, so frequently cast in the affairs of state in a big mistake: the right to pre-eradication experts eunuch, eunuch latter part of the reuse; minister touted in public, the Chongzhen overestimated Yuanchonghuan to believe in the Yuanchonghuan the "five-year Fu Liao, "something is to tilt the power of the country has created a Ning Kam-defense, the result has come around from Mongolia Qing and Ming dynasty faces no disasters.
　　Emperor Qianlong personally revised "Ming Dynasty • Liuzei Biography" said: "Following the reunification of the village is also strong, civil and military officials of the party bureau has become, Kusano the material had been consumed, the state of the law has been broken, the rush border is already rather busy movement. Chuang Although strongly committed to Gengshi, treatment of nuclear proper name and the talents of the Yin-not, talk of right and wrong, government affairs of the gain and loss, success or failure of military aircraft, not penetrating view on, do not shake on the outside too. and the police of any suspicious but good just the still air. Guaen any police were harsh, still air is sharp-stricken. when the husband Qun Dao mountains, the Quartet with people, commissioned by the government handle those non-yung is eloquent, destroy ask both ends, bewildered and not into the calculation. inside and outside the minister is not saved to people from all pregnant heart regulatory interests. speech Gangzhi, hit the thing disadvantages who were twisted by the rack rate in order to go. they were appointed to the Kun handsome, powers in the system, merits and demerits Mo compensation. defeated a party that Slaughter will, destroy a city that killed an Officials, the carrot is too clear as for the not punishment, the system Yu too strict as for not manufacturing. to natural disasters, epidemic, famine Jian Zhen, G Fan Fu heavy outside Hong rebellion within. analogy one of the body, vitality lean However, gangrene poisoning complicated, Jue disease risk is already rather solid, but doctors were not wrong good progress, each agent is chill cast, ill, but not be cured, not killed any pending zai? Therefore in Ming death, death in Liuzei, and its cause death of this, is not Liuzei too. Alas! Chuang strong non-lost his country, and when the subjugation of transportation, they lack the art of salvation, only reflected in coke workers dim chaos, larvae seven years stand at 10. The deaf or defeat Liang, Ping of the plan, did not see between the lines Li, Guo is going, Death caused by cases of social subversion, Christians who sacrificed, Bei Fu! "