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固始汗原遊牧於天山北麓,後受到準噶爾的排擠,轉移至天山南麓發展,一度與青海北部的喀爾喀蒙古部落發生衝突,後和平解决,被著名喇嘛教格魯派活佛東科爾呼圖剋圖贈予“大國師”的稱號,音轉為“固始”,遂自稱“固始汗”。
1634年,西藏格魯派首領五世達賴和羅桑卻吉堅贊因受到噶舉派政權藏巴汗、苯教土司頓月多吉、喀爾喀蒙古卻圖汗等勢力的威脅,共同緻信固始汗,請求其出兵救援。1636年,固始汗親自赴拉薩與達賴和四世班禪商議出兵事宜,被贈予“丹增卻傑”(執教法王)的稱號。之後,他又遣使表示歸順後金皇太極政權,以穩固後方。
1637年,固始汗進入青海,滅卻圖汗,控製青海全境,1640年又發兵西康,滅頓月多吉。此後,他佯稱接到達賴旨意返回青海,實則在1641年突襲西藏,並於1642年攻占日喀則,滅藏巴汗政權。固始汗尊奉羅桑卻吉堅贊為師,1645年(清順治二年),固始汗贈予羅桑卻吉堅贊以“班禪博剋多”的尊號,確立了班禪第二活佛的地位,分散了達賴的宗教和政治號召力。順治帝於順治十年(1653年)賜封其為遵行文義敏慧固始汗,承認他西藏法王的地位。
固始汗進入西藏後,對全藏、青海和西康地區建立了直接軍事統治,衹對清朝政府保持名義上的臣服,但是他並沒有控製統治區域內衛藏地區的經濟賦稅,而將其交給了五世達賴,使得五世達賴確立了在衛藏內的領袖地位。
1637, Gushi Khan into Qinghai, off Khan has plans to control the whole territory of Qinghai, in 1640 it sent troops Xikang, off Dayton on Dorje. Since then, he pretended decree received the Dalai Lama back to Qinghai, Tibet, actually raid in 1641, and in 1642 captured Shigatse, Tibet off Khan regime in Pakistan. Gushi Khan Ji enshrined Lobsang Gyaltsen was a teacher, in 1645 (Qing Shunzhi years), but Kat Gushi Khan Lobsang Gyaltsen gift of "Panchen blogs and more," the appellation, the establishment of the Panchen Lama's second position dispersed religious and political appeal of the Dalai Lama. Shunzhi years of Manchu (1653) Conferring the language of its order to comply with Min Hui Gushi Khan, admitted that he had the status of Tibet, His Holiness.