夏代
(?～
前1996年)
夏
芒，生卒年不詳，槐帝之子。槐死後繼位。在位18年，病死，葬於安邑附近。
芒在位期間，開始了延續數千年的沉祭（即將祭物沉入黃河企求河神的庇護）。
槐在位約四十四年而死。其子
芒繼位，舉行了隆重的祭黃河儀式。除了把豬、牛、羊沉於河中，還豁出老本，把當年舜帝賜給大禹象徵治水成功的“玄圭”（黑色的玉圭）也沉在河水中，表示虔誠。這就是“沉祭”，一直延續了數千年的儀式。祭河之後，
芒又跑到東海之濱遊玩，捕捉到了一條很大的魚，使人想起海明威的《老人與海》。群臣嚮
芒稱賀，認為是河神所賜，可永保太平。
周代以後,沉祭仍很盛行。《周禮·大宗伯》謂:“以狸沉祭山川林澤。”鄭玄註釋說:“祭山林曰埋,川澤曰沉。”《儀禮·覲禮》也說:“祭川,沉。”水神居住在水下,將祭品沉入水中,容易被水神接受。
Huai about 40 years died in office. Mount to the throne his son, held a grand ceremony of sacrifice of the Yellow River. In addition to pigs, cattle, sheep and Shen in the river, also exclude savings, given the current Emperor Shun Yu the Great Flood a symbol of the success of "Xuan Gui" (black celts) are submerged in the river, said the pious. This is the "Shen Ji", has continued for thousands of years of ritual. River Festival, the Mountain then went to play the East China Sea, captured a large fish, reminiscent of Hemingway's "Old Man." Ministers to the Mountain Cheng He, that is the river god-given, can forever preserve peace.