後晉  (914年～974年)

網筆號：	出皇帝
開端 終結 在位 942年 946年 开运 944年七月 946年 

　　石重貴，生幹後梁乾化四年（914年），卒於遼景宗保寧六年（974年）六月十八日，五代太原（今山西太原）人，沙陀族，後晉第二個皇帝。
　　石重貴本為後晉高祖石敬瑭的侄兒。其父石敬儒早逝，石敬瑭遂將他收為己子。石重貴少時謹言慎行，質樸純厚，善好馳馬射箭，頗有沙陀祖輩之風，深得石敬瑭厚愛，後唐清泰二年（936年），石敬瑭在晉陽舉兵叛唐，後唐大軍圍攻太原。石重貴或出謀劃策，或冒矢拒敵，都受到石敬瑭贊賞。石敬瑭藉契丹兵挫敗後唐軍隊，離太原赴洛陽奪取帝位，臨行前選石重貴留守太原，授以北京留守、金紫光祿大夫、檢校司徒、行太原尹，掌河東管內節度觀察事。官銜不少，但政績平平，“未著人望”。儘管如此，因受到叔父倚重青睞，石重貴仍步步高升，到天福七年（942）石敬瑭死前，石重貴已進封齊王，兼任侍中。
　　石敬瑭死後，石重貴承製即位及為後晉出帝。石重貴在叔父尚有嫡子在世時，能繼承大統，其間不乏宮中密謀。石敬瑭生有六子，大多早夭，僅剩幼子石重睿一人。本來石敬瑭在病中托孤與宰臣馮道，意思要馮道鋪立石重睿。但他死後，馮道與當時掌握實權的侍衛親軍都指揮使景延廣卻擅立石重貴為帝。
　　石重貴在位時間不長，前後不過五年。五年中，生活的浪濤既把他涌上了頂峰，也把他無情地摔到了𠔌底，成為亡國之君。
　　石重貴即位前，後晉的形勢並不樂觀。契丹憑扶立石敬瑭有功，挾製中原，虎視眈眈；後晉的南面有割據稱王的吳越、後蜀；後晉統治集團內部矛盾重重，加之連年的旱、蝗、澇、饑，餓殍遍野，民怨沸騰。後晉的政權內外交睏，危機四伏。
　　石重貴一即位，就遇到一棘手問題。就是如何嚮契丹主耶律德光報告。景延廣傲氣十足，力主嚮契丹主稱孫不稱臣，結果給伺機南下的契丹主提供了機會。恰逢青州節度使楊光遠這時外連契丹造反，於是將石敬瑭時與契丹稱臣修好，雖屈辱倒還大致和平的局面打破了。與契丹的戰爭時斷時續，一直到後晉的滅亡。開運元年（944年）正月，契丹前鋒趙延壽、趙延昭引五萬騎入寇，兵分數路陷貝州、入雁門，長驅直入。石重貴在衆將的簇擁下親徵。這時他可能感到大禍臨頭，就遣人致書契丹主，求修舊好。契丹主正志得意滿，豈願中途罷兵。石重貴求和遭到拒絶，衹好迎戰。在這一年與第二年的抗擊契丹的戰爭中，儘管他指揮無能、用人不當、號令不靈，但賴中原軍民的英勇戰鬥，契丹兩次大規模的進攻都被挫敗了。
　　契丹兵退走，石重貴凱旋還朝，以為從此天下太平，又過起醉生夢死的生活。他本來就是個聲色犬馬之徒，視國事為兒戲。石敬瑭屍骨本寒，梓宮在殯，石重貴就納頗有美色的寡嬸馮夫人為妃，並恬不知恥地問左右說“我今日作新婿何如”。開運元年，晉軍與契丹軍戰於戚城，他卻每天聽樂不止。他在宮中聽慣了“細聲女樂”。親徵以來，衹能召左右“淺藩軍校，奏三弦鬍琴，和以羌笛，擊節鳴鼓，更舞送歌，以為娛樂”，所以他常給侍臣們抱怨說“此非音樂也”。宰臣馮道等投其所好，奏請舉樂，這時石重貴還算清醒一了一點，沒有允許。開運二年（945年）三月，後晉與契丹在陽城决戰前夕，石重貴仍出外遊獵。他不做戰守準備，反而大建宮室，裝飾後庭，廣造器玩。為鋪地毯，不惜用織工數百，費時一年。為玩樂盡興，他對優伶們賞賜無度。在國難當頭，百姓餓斃於道的時刻，石重貴還如此的揮霍，後果可想而知。
　　石重貴在位期間，很少有惠民之舉，偶爾殺上兩個貪官污吏，也是掩人耳目。身為一國之君，朕即國傢，應有盡有，但他貪得無厭。為應付戰爭費用，為滿足自己濫耗，他甚至在大蝗大旱之年，還派出惡束，分道颳民。天福八年（943）六月，他遣“內外臣僚二十人分往諸道州府率藉粟麥，時使臣希旨，立法甚峻，民間泥封之，隱其數者皆斃之。”而這一月，“諸州郡大蝗，所至草木皆盡。”開運元年（944）四月，他“命文武官僚三十六人往諸道括率錢帛”。衹管自己享受，不管百姓死活，這樣的君主怎可避免“覆舟”之命運呢？
　　石重貴昏昏噩噩，全靠一群將相扶持，但他所寵信重用之輩，很少有德纔兼備，忠心為主之人。石重貴任命杜重威為北面行營部招討使，對此番出徵，石重貴充滿了狂妄的信心。他在詔書中聲稱要“先取瀛莫，安定關南；次復幽燕、蕩平塞北”。可事實再次嘲弄了他。杜重威在前綫投敵，另一將領張彥澤引兵南下，直趨汴梁。臘月十七日，張彥澤大兵壓城，包圍了皇宮，石重貴無以為計，欲縱火自焚，多虧了近侍一把拉住，他纔免為灰燼。張彥澤自作主張，強把石重貴一傢遷到開封府派兵把守。
　　次年正月初，契丹主到京。石重貴此前已派兒子石延煦、石延寶奉表、國寶、金印求降，這時欲與太後一起迎接，遭到拒絶。契丹主下製，降石重貴為光祿大夫、檢校太尉，封負義侯，封地偏僻，在渤海國界的黃竜府。石重貴一傢北行時。有時飯也吃不上，衹得殺畜而食。石重貴一行人風餐露宿，忍饑挨餓，倍受凌辱，好容易到了黃竜府，契丹國母又召往懷州。懷州在黃竜府西北千餘裏，石重貴衹得重新上路。幸逢契丹內部發生了王位之爭，新王永康王允許他們暫住遼陽，自此供給稍有保證。後漢乾信元年（948年），永康王至遼陽，石重貴着白衣紗帽拜之。石重貴有一幼女，永康王之妻兄求之，因年幼謝絶。不幾日，永康王就遣人奪走，送給妻兄。乾祐二年（949），石重貴一傢被允在建州（今遼寧朝陽西南）居住。行至中途，石重貴生母安妃病死。到建州後，得土地50餘頃，石重貴令一行人建造房屋，分田耕種。這年，契丹述律王子又強娶石重貴寵姬趙氏、聶氏而去。石重貴悲憤不已，但也無奈。
　　根據當時人的記載推測，石重貴死於宋太祖乾德二年（964），大約50歲。後經墓志證實，他死於974年，時年六十有一（虛歲）
　　堂堂一國之君，落到如此下場，在中國歷史上除北宋徽、欽二帝外，復有幾人？石重貴昏庸無能，有時雖有憐民之心顯露，曾下罪已詔以平民怨，但終究難拒驕奢淫逸的誘惑，最後不免走上傢國皆亡的窮途，令人可悲可嘆。

　　Shi Jingtang death, rock your weight bearing system and for the Houjin the emperor ascended the throne. Stone weight of your uncle still in Dizi alive, able to inherit a large system, There were some palace conspiracy. Shi Jingtang birth to six children, most premature deaths, re-Rui Shi remaining one son. Originally Shi Jingtang ill, Tuogu and Zai Chen Feng Dao, which means to re-Rui Feng Dao shop Plessis. But after his death, Feng Dao and hold real power of the guards, then pro-troops Douzhihuishi King Yan-Guang Li Shi weight you are good at for the emperor.
　　Khitan soldiers receded, stone weight of your triumph is also North Korea, that from this peace and harmony, but also for having to live in dreams of living. He or she is a sensual pleasures of the believers, as the affairs of state as child's play. Shi Jingtang bones of the cold, Zigong in the funeral, rock your weight on the beauty of the widowed quite satisfied that Mrs Ms. Feng Wei Fei, and shamelessly asked about "I ru today for a new husband." Lucky the first year, Jin and Qi Khitan military combat in the city, he was more than a day listening to music. He got used to in the palace, "softly female music." Since a personal expedition can only call about "shallow fan Military Academy, playing sanxian erhu, and to Qiangdi, gave high sounding drum, more dance Song Ge, that the entertainment", so he often complained to the courtiers said, "this non-music." Zai Chen Feng Dao, etc. match up, petitioned move music, then you pretty clearly a stone weight a bit, did not allow. Lucky two years (945 years) in March, Houjin the eve of a decisive battle with the Khitan in Yangcheng, stone weight you still go out hunting. He does not keep ready to fight, but Dajian palace, decorated after the court, to create a broad device to play. As carpets, weavers used at several time-consuming for one year. To play have fun, they reward his Actors excessive. In the national crisis, people hungry to death in the Road, a time, stone weight you also squandered so, the consequences can be imagined.
　　Stone weight of your intoxication Og Og, thanks to a group of would-phase support, but he specially trusted reuse of generation, with little ability and political integrity, loyalty-based person. Stone weight of your appointment Du Wei Zhao Tao to the north line of battalion headquarters to, on the This time the battle, you are full of heavy stones arrogant confidence. In the edict he claimed to be "first to take Ying Mo, stability and Nancy Kwan; times complex yan, wipe out Saibei." To the fact that once again a mockery of him. Tu Chung-wei, Enemy at the front, and the other generals Zhang Yanze led his troops south, directly towards Bianliang. The twelfth lunar month on the 17th, Zhang Yanze soldiers pressure the city, surrounded the palace, stone weight you could not say account, want to set fire to himself, thanks to the valet a pulled, he was free to ashes. Zhang Yanze own, and strong to move a stone weight of your Kaifeng were guarded by troops.
　　The following year was the beginning of the main Khitan to Beijing. Stone weight had been sent to your son Xu Shi Yan, Shi Yan Bao Feng Biao, national treasure, gold and India demand down, then the desire to meet with the Queen Mother, was rejected. Khitan, under the main system, reducing weight of your stone as guanglu doctor, calibration Qiu, Feng Hou negative sense, remote manor, in the Bohai Sea borders the Yellow Dragon House. Re you a Northern Rock row. Sometimes also could not get food, only to kill animals and eat. Re you a stone pedestrian fieldwork, hungry, and has never abused, hardly managed to Huanglong House, Khitan mother of the country then called to the pregnant state. Pregnant state government in the Northwest more than a thousand years Huanglong, stone weight you can only move forward. Fortunately, every Khitan throne battle took place inside the new Embody the king to allow them temporary residence in Liaoyang, a little since then to ensure supply. The letter after the first year of Chinese dry (948), John Kang to Liaoyang, stone weight of your worship of the white Shamao. Stone weight you have a young daughter, the wife of brother John Kang request of, for young declined. A few days, Qian Ren Yong Kang claimed to give to his wife brother. Qianyou years (949), stone weight of your family is allowed in the statehood (now Liaoning Chaoyang Southwest) live. To the halfway line, stone weight of your mother Princess Ann died. To Jianzhou, the obtained more than 50 hectares of land, stone weight of your order the construction of a pedestrian housing, sub-field farming. This year, Prince has strong Khitan state law re-married to rock your favorite concubine Zhao, Nie's away. Stone weight of your angry, but helpless.
　　Imposing a state to fall to such an end, in addition to the history of China Song Hui and Qin Emperor, the resumption of Aborigines? Stone weight of your incompetence, although sometimes the heart of pity for the people exposed, the crime has been under civilian resentment Zhao Yi, but in the end hard to resist the temptation to extravagance and dissipation, the last can not help but go home and country Jie Wang of the dead, is deplorable.