| 姓： | 趙 | ||||||||||||||
| 名： | 仲針 | ||||||||||||||
| 網筆號： | 紹天法古運德建功英文烈武欽仁聖孝皇帝 | ||||||||||||||
| 廟號： | 神宗 | ||||||||||||||
| 陵墓： | 永裕陵 | ||||||||||||||
閱讀趙頊 Zhao Xu在诗海的作品!!! | |||||||||||||||
熙寧變法與新舊黨爭
神宗即位後，對北宋積貧積弱深感憂心，而他素來都欣賞王安石的才幹，故即位後命王安石推行變法，振興北宋王朝，是為王安石變法，又稱熙寧變法。
在王安石的主持下，均輸、青苗、農田水利、免役、市易、保甲、方田均稅、保馬等新法相繼出籠。新法幾乎涵蓋社會的各個方面，惟操之過急，利弊互見。北宋學者陸佃說：“造元豐間，積票塞上，蓋數千萬石，而四方常平之錢，不可勝計”，當時墾田面積大幅度增加，全國高達7億畝，城鎮商品經濟取得了空前發展。但是變法受到守舊派激烈的反對，朝中的司馬光、范镇、趙瞻紛紛上書陳述對新法的不滿，司馬光與呂惠卿為了青苗法在皇帝面前爭辯，新法維持了將近二十年，直到司馬光盡罷新法為止。此一時期，面臨朝廷和後宮的雙重阻力，神宗受到的打擊可想而知，曹太後更是對神宗說：“王安石是在變亂天下呀！”，岐王趙顥也從旁勸說神宗應該遵從太後的懿旨，神宗心煩意亂，怒斥歧王說“那你來當皇帝好了”，岐王誠惶誠恐，失聲痛哭。
與西夏的關係
時值夏惠宗在位，母黨梁氏專權，西夏國勢日非，圖一舉殲滅羌夏。王韶在慶州（今甘肅慶陽）大破夏軍，占領西夏二千裏土地。不過後來在永樂城之戰中慘敗，“厥後兵不敢用於北，而稍試於西，靈武之役，喪師覆將，塗炭百萬。帝中夜得報，起，環榻行，徹旦不寐。”滅夏之舉未能實現。事後，宋神宗在朝中當衆痛哭。他有抱負，勵精圖治，想滅西羌，惜壯志未酬，於元豐八年抱憾而歿，得年37歲。其子宋哲宗親政後，竭盡所能完成父親遺志。
評價
王夫之《宋論》稱“宋政之亂，自神宗始”。
親族
父親：宋英宗
母親：宣仁聖烈皇后高氏
妻
1. 欽聖憲肅皇后嚮氏
2. 欽成皇后朱氏
3. 欽慈皇后陳氏
4. 賢妃林氏
5. 惠穆賢妃武氏
6. 貴妃宋氏
子
宋神宗有14子，活到成年的僅6位。
1. 成王趙佾
2. 惠王趙僅
3. 唐哀獻王趙俊
4. 褒王趙伸
5. 冀王趙僩
6. 均國公→延安郡王→皇太子→宋哲宗趙煦（母欽成皇后）
7. 豫悼惠王趙價
8. 徐衝惠王趙倜
9. 儀國公→大寧郡王→申王→徐州牧、燕王→吳榮穆王趙佖（母惠穆賢妃）
10. 早殤儀王趙偉
11. 甯國公→遂甯郡王→端王→宋徽宗趙佶（母欽慈皇后）
12. 成國公→鹹寧郡王→莘王→衛王→魏王→燕王趙俁（母賢妃）
13. 和國公→普寧郡王→簡王→冀州牧、韓王→楚榮憲王趙似（母欽成皇后）
14. 祁國公→永寧郡王→睦王→定王→鄧王→越王趙偲（母賢妃）
女
1. 周國長公主（母欽聖憲肅皇后）
2. 楚國公主
3. 唐國長公主
4. 潭國賢孝長公主（母貴妃宋氏）
5. 鄆國公主
6. 潞國公主
7. 邢國公主（母賢妃）
8. 邠國公主
9. 袞國公主
10. 徐國長公主（母欽成皇后）
宰相
韓琦
曾公亮
富弼
陳旭
韓絳
王安石
吳充
王圭
蔡確
韓縝
呂惠卿
Xining Reform and the Old Parties
Shenzong came to the throne of the Northern Song deeply worried about the poor and weak, and he always appreciate the caliber of Wang, Wang so ordered the implementation of political reform after ascending the throne, the revitalization of the Northern Song dynasty, is for his reforms, also known as Xining Reform.
Under the auspices of the Wang were lost, crops, irrigation and water conservancy, exemption or city easily, baojia, Fang Tian tax, insurance and horses have the new law came out. The new law covers almost all aspects of society, but acted with undue haste, advantages and disadvantages. Northern Song Dynasty scholar Lu Dian said: "create Yuanfeng, the positive vote stuffed, cover tens of millions of stones, and four-Fang Changping the money, not total victory," was a substantial increase in cultivated field area of the country up to 7 million hectares of urban commodity economy achieved unprecedented development. Reform by the old school, but fierce opposition, toward the Sima Guang, Fan Zhen, Zhao looking statements have a letter to the dissatisfaction of the new law, Sima Guang and Lv Huiqing to Green Shoots Law argued before the emperor, the new law to maintain the nearly two decades, until Sima Guang do stop the new law so far. This time, facing the court and the Temple of double resistance, Shenzong suffer can be imagined more is Shenzong Empress Cao said: "Wang is a world in turmoil ah!", Qi Wang Hao Zhao should also follow the sidelines to persuade the Queen Mother Shenzong Yi Zhi, Shenzong upset, rage against the dying differences Wang said, "Then you come to when the emperor," and Qi Wang trepidation, tears.
Relationship with the Western Xia
A time when Xia Huizong office, home party Liang authoritarian, non-Western Xia on national power, Figure annihilate Qiang Xia. Shao in Gyeongju (now Gansu Qingyang) summer of destroying the military, the distant land occupied by the Western Xia. But later in the Battle of Waterloo Paradise City, "rhetoric not for the North after the soldiers, but a little test in the West, the Battle of Lingwu, bereavement follow-division will be plunged millions. Emperor of the night was reported, the Central couch trip Toru Dan Insomnia. "eliminate summer move did not materialize. Later, Ancestor of DPRK cried in public. He has ambition, good, want to destroy Western Qiang, Xi cut down, in Yuan Feng eight regret the dead, was the age of 37. After the Northern Song reign of his son, do our best to complete the behest of his father.
Evaluate
Wang Fu, "Song on the" known "Song of the political chaos, since Shenzong before."
Relatives
Father: Emperor Yingzong of Song
Mother: Nobuhito Queen St. Lie Gao
Wife
1. Chin Su-Queen St to the Constitution's
2. Yen Cheng Yun Gee Queen
3. Chin-Chi Chen Queen
4. Xian Fei Lin
5. Hui Xian Fei Mu Wushi
6. Concubine Song
Son
Ancestor of 14 children, lived to adulthood only six.
1. Cheng Wang Chao-yi
2. King Hui Zhao only
3. Tang Ai Xian Wang Zhao Jun
4. Bao Wang Zhao Shen
5. Ji Wang Zhao Xian
6. Are Yan'an Dukes of Public → → → Northern Song Crown Prince Zhao Xu (Cheng Chin Queen Mother)
7. Daohui Wang Yu Zhao price
8. Xu Chong King Hui Zhao Ti
9. Miriam Daning Dukes of Public → → → Xuzhou Shen Wang Mu, Yan Wang Zhao Bi → Wu Rong Mu (Mother Hui Xian Fei Mu)
10. Early War Miriam Wang Zhao Wei
11. Ningguo Gong Suining Dukes → → → Huizong Duan Zhao Ji (Ci Qin Queen Mother)
12. Into Xianning Dukes of Public → → → Xin Wang Wei Wang Yan Wang Zhao Minamata → → The King (mother Xian Fei)
13. And Puning Dukes of Public → → → Jizhou Jane Wang, Han Wang Zhao Wang → Chu Rongxian like (Qin into the Queen Mother)
14. Qiguo Gong → Mu Wang Yongning Dukes → → → King of the king → King Yue Zhao Tang Yvonne (mother Xian Fei)
Female
1. Zhou Princess (Queen Mother Su Sheng Xian Qin)
2. Chuguo Gong master
3. Guo-Princess
4. Takanaga Princess Tam Kwok-yin (female Royal Song)
5. Yun Princess
6. Lu Princess
7. Xingguo Gong master (master Xian Fei)
8. Bin Princess
9. Dagon Princess
10. Xu Princess (Qin into the Queen Mother)
Prime Minister
Han Qi
Liang has been the public
Bi
Chen Xu
Han Jiangshouju
Wang
Wu charge
Wang Gui
Cai does
Han Zhen
Lv Huiqing
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