měi guó chóngjiàn hé gōng yè huà  (1831niánshíyīyuè19rì～1881niánjiǔyuè19rì)

kāiduān zhōngjié zàiwèi 1881nián 1881nián 

　　 zhān mǔ sī · ài bó lā mǔ · jiā fěi 'ěr dé （ JamesAbramGarfield， 1831 nián 11 yuè 19 rì － 1881 nián 9 yuè 19 rì）， měi guó zhèng zhì jiā， shēng yú 'é hài 'é zhōu。 měi guó gòng hé dǎng rén。 nán běi zhàn zhēng qī jiān jiā rù běi fāng jūn duì， yǔ nán fāng nú lì zhì jūn duì zuò zhàn， yōng yòu shàojiàng jūn xián。 dān rèn guò jī dū huì de zhǎnglǎo。 céng yú 1881 nián dāng xuǎn zǒng tǒng， chéng wéi měi guó shǒu wèi jù yòu shén zhí rén yuán shēn fēn de zǒng tǒng， tā de rèn qī zhèng chù yú cóng zhèng dǎng fēn féi zhì dào wén guān zhì de guò dù shí qī， tā zài shàng rèn bàn nián hòu bèi yī gè móu guān wèi chéng zhě 'àn shā 'ér sǐ， chéng wéi jì lín kěn zhī hòu dì 'èr wèi bèi 'àn shā de měi guó zǒng tǒng， rèn qī： 1881 nián 3 yuè 15 rì – 1881 nián 9 yuè 19 rì。 tā de dì yī fū rén shì lú kè lì xiá · lǔ dào fū。 tā céng jīng duì gòu gǔ dìng lǐ tí chū liǎo yī zhǒng xīn de miàn jī zhèng míng fāng fǎ。

　　James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881) was the 20th President of the United States. His death, two months after being shot and six months after his inauguration, made his tenure, at 199 days, the second shortest (after William Henry Harrison) in United States history.
　　
　　Before his election as president, Garfield served as a major general in the United States Army and as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, and as a member of the Electoral Commission of 1876. Garfield was the second U.S. President to be assassinated; Abraham Lincoln was the first. President Garfield, a Republican, had been in office a scant four months when he was shot and fatally wounded on July 2, 1881. He lived until September 19, having served for six months and fifteen days. To date, Garfield is the only sitting member of the House of Representatives to have been elected President.