平安时代
(?
806年～?
809年)
平城天皇，日本第51代天皇，桓武天皇第一皇子，母亲是藤原良继之女藤原乙牟漏。讳小殿，783年改名安殿，又称奈良帝。785年被立为太子，806年时因桓武天皇驾崩而继位。在他任内废除了冗官，改善行政与经济问题，设置观察使来监督地方官，使律令全面重建。但是在809年时，
平城天皇因为身体病弱，长期治疗都无法改善，最后让位于异母弟神野亲王（嵯峨天皇），自己则隐居在平城京。
与藤原药子
平城天皇为登基以前，纳藤原绳主与藤原药子所生之女为东宫妃，但是却传出皇太子与身为岳母的药子有暧昧的丑闻，愤怒的桓武天皇便将药子赶出东宫。待
平城天皇一即位，又将药子召回宫里，并命藤原药子出任尚侍一职。此时的药子因有天皇做其后盾，让其兄藤原仲成一起入宫干预政事。之后
平城天皇因为病弱而让位为太上天皇，药子兄妹也随之失势。不料上皇的病竟在退位后好转，由于他还年轻，仍然关心国政，于是就以上皇的地位发布政令，使得嵯峨天皇与上皇分别成为两个朝廷一般。起初嵯峨天皇对上皇与药子等人有所忍让，但到后来上皇却催促希望朝廷迁都平城京，以便自己掌权。嵯峨天皇在忍无可忍的情况下，在810年九月十日剥夺药子的官位，药子与平城上皇随即想逃往东国，却受到坂上田村麻吕的军队阻挡，只好失意的回到平城京。之后上皇剃发出家，药子服毒自杀，其兄藤原仲成也被杀，史称“药子之变”。
因为药子之变的关系，原本被立为嵯峨天皇皇太子、即
平城天皇第三皇子高岳亲王被废太子，改由桓武天皇第三皇子大伴皇子为太子。
平城天皇的两位皇妃朝原内亲王与大宅内亲王，也在812年时辞去皇妃的位子。
平城天皇于824年过世，由于他住在平城京，故被称为
平城天皇。他的日式谥号为“日本根子天推国高彦尊”，葬于杨梅陵。
第51代天皇
在位期间：
806年 - 809年
时代 平安时代
年号 延历
大同
首都 京都
皇居 长冈宫・平安宫
别名 日本根子天推国高彦尊
奈良帝
陵墓 柏原陵
父亲 桓武天皇
母亲 藤原乙牟漏
皇后 赠皇后藤原带子
妃 朝原内亲王
大宅内亲王
尚侍 藤原药子
伊势继子
葛井藤子
纪鱼员
Pingcheng emperor ascended the throne before the main rope is satisfied with the Fujiwara Fujiwara drug child born as Orient House, daughter of Princess, but it came as the Crown Prince and son mother having an affair with a drug scandal, angry son out of drug Bian Jiang Huan reading of the text Orient House. When Emperor Heizei a throne, in turn Kusuriko recall the temple, and ordered Fujiwara Kusuriko still serve as a post. At this time due to drug children to do the backing of the emperor, to his brother with the palace Fujiwara Chung intervention into political affairs. After Emperor Heizei because too sick and gave way to the Emperor, son of brother and sister drug also will lose power. Unexpectedly, Uehata the disease actually improved after the abdication, because he was still young, still concerned about national policy, so the status of the above decree Emperor, Emperor Saga and Uehata were made into two general court. At first the Emperor Saga Uehata and medicine sub been patient and others, but has urged the hope that the court was Uehata moved the capital Heijō Beijing for its power. Emperor Saga in the unbearable situation, on September 10 in 810 deprived children of official posts drug, drug sub and then bailing Pingcheng Uehata Eastern States, but by Sakagami army blocked Tamura Maro, had frustrated the back Heijō Beijing. After Uehata Dressed as monks, drug sub-poison, Fujiwara Chung Cheng also killed his brother, known to history as "medicine Son of change."
Reign:
Reign Enryaku
Imperial Palace Green Palace Nagaoka
Bai Ling tomb original
Queen Empress Fujiwara gift ribbon
Shang Shi Fujiwara drug sub-
Ji fish workers