字: | 保元 | |||||||||||
網筆號: | 睿文英武仁聖明孝皇帝 | |||||||||||
閱讀孟昶 Meng Chang在诗海的作品!!! |
後蜀後主孟昶(919年~965年),初名仁贊,字保元。後蜀高祖孟知祥第三子。後蜀末代皇帝(第二代,934年~964年在位),在位31年,享年47歲。
孟昶即位初年,勵精圖治,衣着樸素,興修水利,註重農桑,實行“與民休息”政策,後蜀國勢強盛,將北綫疆土擴張到長安。
但是他在位後期,貪圖逸樂、沉湎酒色,不思國政,生活荒淫,奢侈無度,連夜壺都用珍寶製成,稱為“七寶溺器”,朝政十分腐敗。傳說孟昶對戲麯,也入迷甚深。
後蜀廣政二十八年(965年),宋師在大將王全斌的指揮下以兩路伐後蜀,蜀軍與宋軍在劍門關外進行一場大戰,蜀軍全軍覆滅,後蜀精兵被全殲,滅亡之勢已不可免了。宋軍包圍成都府,孟昶投降,後蜀滅亡。
孟昶被俘後被封為檢校太師兼中書令、秦國公,居住在汴京。北宋乾德三年(965年),孟昶鬱鬱而終(一說被宋太宗毒死)。孟昶的寵妃花蕊夫人在亡國之後寫下了悲憤的詩句:“君王城上竪降旗,妾在深宮哪得知,十四萬人齊解甲,更無一個是男兒。”
孟昶一般被稱為後主。
奉祀
因孟昶喜好戲麯之故,有些戲班會祭祀其為守護神,稱之孟郎、孟郎君。
有人認為送子張仙一神,實為花蕊夫人入趙宋後,紀念孟昶的偽稱。《金臺紀聞》記載:世所傳“張仙像”者,乃蜀王孟昶挾彈圖也。初,花蕊夫人入宋宮,念其故主,偶攜此圖,遂懸於壁,且祀之謹。太祖幸而見之,緻詰焉。夫人詭答之曰:“此蜀中張仙神也。祀之能令人有子。”
另說後蜀亡後,花蕊夫人或感念孟昶的百姓,以“二郎神”、“西秦王爺”等名義加以供奉。
後妃
貴妃費氏(花蕊夫人)
徐慧妃(五代蜀主孟昶寵信慧妃徐氏,徐國璋的女兒,被蜀主封為慧妃,慧妃常與後主(孟昶)登樓,以竜腦末塗白扇。扇墜地,為人所得。蜀人爭效其製,名曰“雪香扇”。見清吳任臣《十國春秋•後蜀•慧妃徐氏傳》。 塗以香料的白色扇子。 宋陶𠔌 《清異錄•雪香扇》:“ 孟昶夏月水調竜腦末,塗白扇上,用以揮風。一夜,與 花蕊夫人 登樓望月,誤墮其扇,為人所得。外有效者,名雪香扇。”)
子
1. 皇太子 孟玄喆
2. 褒王 孟玄珏
3. 遂王 孟玄寶
His calligraphy Meng Chang Shu (919 ~ 965), the first name of benevolence praise, for keeping the word. The third son of Shu emperor Meng Zhixiang. Shu Last Emperor (second generation, 934-year reign ~ 964), reigned 31 years, at the age of 47 years.
Meng Chang early years of reign, good, simple clothing, building water conservancy projects, focusing on agricultural Sang, the implementation of "rest with the people" policy, after the strong potential Shu, territory expansion to the North line of Chang'an.
But he knew that his late, seeking pleasures he indulged in wine and women, do not think politicians, living and licentious, unrestrained luxury, night pots are made with the treasure, known as the "Qibao urinal," affairs of state are corrupt. Legend Meng Chang on the opera, but also fascinated deep.
Shu Guang government twenty-eight (965), the Wet Land Wang Quanbin in general under the command of a two-way cutting Shu, Shu Army and Song in a battle outside JIANMENGUAN, Shu Army military destruction, Shu crack troops are wiped out, the situation of destruction has not already said. Song surrounded Chengdu Prefecture, Meng Chang surrender, Shu perish.
Meng Chang captured after being labeled calibration Grand Preceptor and Zhongshu Ling, Qin Guogong living in Bianjing. Song Conduit three years (965 years), Meng Chang depressed and eventually died (some say poisoned by Taizong). The Chong Fei Meng Chang wrote after subjugation by Mrs grief in a poem: "King City on the vertical lowering of the flag, concubine in the palace which was informed that 14 million people Qi disarmament, demobilization, but also a man named no one."
Meng Chang generally referred to as His calligraphy.
Veneration
Meng Chang preference for drama, therefore, to some troupe will sacrifice it as the patron saint, termed Meng Lang, Meng Lang Jun.
Some people think that a God sent son Zhang Xian, in fact, entry by Mrs Zhao Song, the commemoration of the pseudo-Meng Chang said. "Tai-Ji Wen" records: the preaching of the world, "Zhang Xian like" who is also Shu Wang Mengchang embrace missile plan. Early entry by Mrs Song palace, chanting their old master, even carry this chart, then hanging wall, and the worship of the move. See the Taizu Fortunately, To interrogate Yan. A cunning of his wife, saying: "This Xiu Zhang Xian God. Worship the can is a child."
Shu also said that after death, by Mrs, or gratitude Meng Chang's people to "Erlang", "Lord Xiqin" be the name of worship.
Empress
Royal Fei (by Mrs)
Hui Xu Fei (Five Shuzhumengchang Chongxin Hui Fei Xu, Xu Guozhang's daughter, was labeled Hui Shu Zhu Fei, Hui-Fei Chang and Houzhu (Meng Chang) ascends the building to the end of white-borneol fan. Fan fell to the ground, and his income. Shu compete effectively its system, it is called "lin fan." see Qing Wu Renchen "Ten States • Fei Shu • Hui Xu Chuan." coated with spices, white fans. Song Tao Valley "clear differences were recorded • lin Fan ":" Meng Chang borneol summer months of water to the end, white fan on to command the wind. night, and by Mrs Ascending the moon, falling into the fan, and his income. outside valid, were lin fan. ")
Son
1. Crown Meng Zhe Xuan
2. Bao Wang Mengxuan Jue
3. Then Wangmeng Xuan Bao
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