南越國 人物列錶
趙佗 Zhao Tuo趙眜 Zhao Mo趙嬰齊 Zhao Yingji
趙興 Zhao Xing趙建德 Zhao Jiande
趙眜 Zhao Mo
南越國  (?前137年前122年)
網筆號: 文王
開端終結
在位前137年前122年

  趙眜(?-前122年),《史記》稱為趙鬍,中國西漢時期南越國的第二代君主,公元前137年至前122年在位,是南越國第一代君主趙佗的孫子,號稱“南越文王”或“南越文帝”。他的陵墓位於今廣州市解放北路的象崗山上,是著名的“南越王墓”。
  
  漢武帝建元四年(前137年),第一代南越王趙佗去世。由於他去世時已達百歲高齡,其兒子都已經死去,他的王位交由孫子趙眜繼承,成為第二代的南越王。
  
  趙眜即位兩年後,公元前135年,閩越王鄒郢藉機嚮南越國發動戰爭,攻打南越國的邊境城鎮。趙眜剛繼承王位不久,國內民心還不穩,這時衹好嚮漢武帝上書,說明閩越侵犯南越的事實,並請求漢武帝處理此事。漢武帝對趙眜的做法大加贊揚,稱其忠於臣屬之職,不興兵互相攻擊,並派遣王恢、韓安國兩將軍前去討伐閩越。漢朝的軍隊還沒有越過南嶺,閩越王的弟弟餘善就發動叛變,殺死了閩越王鄒郢,投降了漢朝,於是漢朝的軍隊停止了討伐的行動。
  
  漢武帝隨後將餘善立為新的閩越王,並派遣中大夫嚴助前往南越國將處理閩越的事告諭趙眜趙眜得知後,嚮嚴助表達了對漢武帝的深刻謝意,並告訴嚴助,南越國剛遭受過閩越的入侵,等處理完後事後,他就去漢朝的京城朝見漢武帝。隨後,還派太子趙嬰齊跟隨嚴助回漢朝的朝廷當宿衛。
  
  嚴助離開後,南越國的大臣們用趙佗的遺訓嚮趙眜進諫,勸趙眜不要去漢朝的京城,以免被漢武帝找藉口扣留,回不來南越,就成亡國的形勢了。於是,趙眜在以後統治南越的十二年中,一直以生病為藉口沒有入朝見漢武帝。
  
  公元前122年,趙眜病重,其兒子趙嬰齊嚮漢武帝請求回到南越國。趙眜死後,趙嬰齊繼承王位。
  
  歷史影響
  趙眜在位一共16年,長期患病,性情軟弱,沒什麽建樹。他雖然在閩越侵犯南越之時,巧妙的把漢武帝搬了出來,讓漢武帝來對付閩越,而自己不用大傷元氣。但此舉,也使趙佗時期就已經役屬南越國的閩越,和南越國脫離了役屬關係,而直接受製於漢朝中央,使南越國實際上被孤立起來。
  
  同時,又使漢武帝找到藉口,派嚴助假藉表彰趙眜能忠於臣屬之職為名,請趙眜赴京朝見漢武帝,最後迫使趙眜把兒子趙嬰齊送到了漢武帝身邊達12年之久,為日後南越國內部之亂埋下了伏筆。
  
  陵墓
  趙眜死後,陵墓建在南越國都城番禺的西北角(今廣州市解放北路的象崗山上),歷經2000多年,始終沒有受到侵擾。1983年在此地建樓宇時被發現,被稱為“南越王墓”,在陵墓內共出土隨葬品1000多件,被認為是嶺南地區已發現的陵墓當中,規模最大,隨葬品最多,墓主人身份最高的陵墓。該墓出土的“文帝行璽”金印也正好說明,在他生前曾自封為“南越文帝”。1988年,在他陵墓的原址建成“西漢南越王墓博物館”,對陵墓和出土文物進行保護。
  
  《史記》之誤
  《史記》裏一直把南越國第二代王“南越文王”稱為趙鬍,但1983年“南越王墓”被挖掘後,在出土的印章中發現“趙眜”的玉印和“文帝行璽”的金印,經考古學家證實,確認了“趙眜”應該是《史記》所載的“趙鬍”的真名,而“趙鬍”應該是司馬遷在編寫《史記》時出現的錯誤,也可能是後人傳抄錯了。


  Emperor Wu Chien-yuan four years (137 BC), king of the first generation of South Vietnam Zhao Tuo's death. As the centenary of his death reached old age, his son has died, his throne by the grandson of Zhao Mo succession, became the second-generation South Vietnamese king.
  Yan aid left, the country's ministers of South Vietnam with the teachings of the Zhao Zhao Tuo Mo remonstrances Zhao Mo advised not to go to the capital of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of Han excuse to avoid being detained, not come back South Vietnam, the situation has become subjugated. Thus, Zhao Mo in South Vietnam after years of rule, has been ill for Korea as an excuse to not see the Emperor.
  Zhao Mo total reign of 16 years, the chronically ill, weak temperament, no achievements. Although he was in violation of Fujian and when South Vietnam, Han clever move out to allow Han to deal with the Minyue, but they can be debilitating. However this, Zhao Tuo also had served are South Vietnam during the country's Minyue, and the south of the country is out of the labor relations, and directly influenced by the Han central to the South Vietnamese national in fact be isolated.
  Zhao Mo's death, mausoleum built in the northwest corner of the South Vietnamese state capital of Panyu (now North Jiefang Road, Guangzhou City, the hill like a post), after 2,000 years, has not been intrusive. Buildings built in 1983 is found here, called "South Vietnam Tomb" in the funerary objects unearthed from the tombs of more than 1,000 pieces, is considered to have been found in the tomb of the Lingnan region among the largest and most funerary objects, owner of the tomb the tomb of the highest status. The tomb, "Wen Xi line" gold seal also shows in his lifetime had himself as "South Vietnam Wen." In 1988, the site of his tomb into a "more Mausoleum Mausoleum of the Nanyue Museum", the protection of the tomb and relics.
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