| xìng： | jī | |||||||||
| míng： | yán | |||||||||
| ||||||||||
chǔ guó yú gōng yuán qián 306 nián miè yuè guó hòu， jīhū zhàn yòu liǎo zhěng gè nán bù zhōng guó， chéng wéi zhàn guó qī xióng zhōng tǔ dì zuì dà、 rén kǒu zuì duō， bīng lì zuì zhòng de dà guó， jù yòu gōng miè liù guó、 tǒng yī zhōng guó de yòu lì tiáo jiàn。 rán 'ér， yóu yú wú qǐ biàn fǎ de shī bài， jiù guì zú shì lì de qiáng dà， zǔ 'ài liǎo chǔ guó de fā zhǎn， chéng wéi qín guó gōng jī de duì xiàng。 wèile kàng qín， chǔ guó hé qí guó jié chéng liǎo lián méng。 qín guó lì tú chāi sàn qí chǔ lián méng， yǐ biàn gè gè jī pò， yú gōng yuán qián 313 nián pài zòng héng jiā zhāng yí fù chǔ， duì chǔ huái wáng shuō， rú chǔ guó hé qí jué jiāo， qín wáng yuàn yǐ shāng yú ( jīn hú nán shěng zhè chuān nèi xiāng yī dài )600 lǐ zhī dì xiàn chǔ。 chǔ huái wáng bù gù qū yuán、 chén zhěn、 zhāo huī děng yòu shí zhī shì de quàn zǔ， tīng xìn zǐ lán、 jìn shàng、 zhèng xiù děng yī qún nìng chén chǒng fēi de huà， yīngyǔn liǎo zhāng yí， pài shǐ zhě gēn tā huí qín shòu dì。 zhāng yí yī dào qín， jiù jiǎ zhuāng zhuì chē shāng liǎo jiǎo， bì mén xiè kè。 sān gè yuè hòu， zhāng yí dé zhī qí chǔ què shí yǐ jīng jué jiāo， cái jiē jiàn chǔ guó shǐ zhě shuō： “ qín guó de tǔ dì qǐ néng suí biàn sòng rén， wǒ shuō de shì jiāng zì jǐ de liù lǐ fèng yì zèng gěi nǐ men。 ” chǔ huái wáng tīng liǎo nù bù kě 'è， bù gù chén zhěn děng rén quàn zǔ， fā bīng gōng qín， yú gōng yuán qián 312 nián yǔ qín jūn zhàn yú dān yáng ( jīn hé nán shěng dān jiāng běi )。 chǔ jūn dà bài， zhù jiāng qū yún jí fù jiāng 70 yú rén bèi shēng fú， 8 wàn shì bīng zhèn wáng， hàn zhōng jùn bèi qín zhàn lǐng。 chǔ huái wáng nǎo xiū chéng nù， qīng quán guó bīng lì zài cì gōng qín。 tóng nián yǔ qín jūn yòu zhàn yú lán tián ( jīn shǎn xī shěng lán tián xiàn )， zài cì dà bài。 hán、 wèi chéng jī chū bīng gōng chǔ。 chǔ liǎng miàn shòu dí， zhǐ dé cōng máng chè tuì， xiàng qín guó gē dì qiú hé。 cǐ hòu de yī duàn shí jiān nèi， qín guó yīn zhì lì yú gōng dǎ sān jìn， chǔ guó zàn shí jiě chú liǎo lái zì qín de wēi xié， dàn shì， guó nèi shè huì máo dùn jī huà， yú gōng yuán qián 301 nián fā shēng liǎo zhuāng jī lǐng dǎo de nóng mín qǐ yì， shǐ tǒng zhì jiē jí shòu dào liǎo chén zhòng de dǎ jī。
gōng yuán qián 299 nián， qín wáng yǐ jié qīn wéi míng， yuē chǔ huái wáng qù wǔ guān ( jīn shǎn xī shěng shāng nán xiàn ) xiāng huì。 chǔ huái wáng zài cì bù tīng qū yuán quàn zǔ， tīng xìn zǐ lán zhī yán fù huì， guǒ rán bèi qín bīng jié chí， yā sòng dào qín dū xián yáng。 liǎng nián hòu， tā táo páo bù chéng， yōu fèn 'ér sǐ yú qín。 tā sǐ qián， qín jūn gōng chǔ， shā chǔ jūn 5 wàn， duó qù 15 zuò chéng shì。 gōng yuán qián 280 nián yǐ hòu， qín jūn gèng kāi shǐ jí zhōng bīng lì gōng zhàn liǎo dà piàn chǔ dì， bìng yú gōng yuán qián 278 nián yóu míng jiāng bái qǐ shuài bīng gōng zhàn liǎo chǔ guó dū chéng yǐng。 chǔ guó jiù cǐ yī jué bù zhèn， yī bù bù dì zài zǒu xiàng miè wáng。 zài yǐng dū xiàn luò hòu， wěi dà de 'ài guó shī rén hé zhèng zhì jiā qū yuán bù rěn xīn yǎn jiàn chǔ guó miè wáng， tóu mì luó jiāng ( zài jīn hú nán shěng xiāng yīn xiàn běi ) zì jìn。
qín zài gōng chǔ tóng shí， yòu xiàng sān jìn chū jī。 gōng yuán qián 314 nián， qín chèn qí gōng yàn zhī jī， chū bīng gōng dǎ sān jìn， duó qǔ liǎo bù shǎo dì fāng。 gōng yuán qián 308 nián， qín jūn chū hán gǔ guān jìn gōng hán guó de zhàn lüè yào dì yí yáng ( jīn hé nán shěng yí yáng xiàn )。 jīng guò jǐ gè yuè de jī zhàn， qín jūn yú dì 'èr nián gōng kè yí yáng， dǎ kāi liǎo tōng xiàng zhōng yuán de dà mén。 gōng yuán qián 293 nián， hán、 wèi liǎng guó hé bīng kàng qín， huì zhàn yú yī jué ( hé nán shěng luò yáng shì nán )， qín jūn zài bái qǐ zhǐ huī xià dà shèng， jiān dí 24 wàn duō rén， hán、 wèi liǎng guó de bīng lì shòu dào yán zhòng xuē ruò。 cǐ hòu， qín jì xù jìn gōng、 cán shí sān jìn， dào gōng yuán qián 286 nián zhǐ， yǐ jīng zhàn jù liǎo sān jìn yī bàn de tǔ dì， shǒu dāng qí chōng de hán、 wèi dà dà bèi xuē ruò liǎo。
qín guó de rì yì zhuàng dà， shǐ qín zhāo wáng bù mǎn zú yú wáng de chēng hào， yào chēng dì yǐ shì zūn yán， zhǔn bèi qǔ zhōu 'ér dài zhī。 gōng yuán qián 288 nián 10 yuè， qín zhāo wáng yuē qí mǐn wáng yī qǐ chēng dì， qín wéi xī dì， qí wéi dōng dì。 12 yuè， zài zòng héng jiā sū qín quàn shuō xià， qí mǐn wáng qù dì hào， pò shǐ qín zhāo wáng yě qǔ xiāo liǎo dì hào。 liǎng qiáng chēng dì， bào lù liǎo tā men tūn bìng wǔ guó、 guā fēn tiān xià de qǐ tú， shǐ wǔ guó shí fēn huáng kǒng， dǎo zhì liǎo wǔ guó gōng qín hé liù guó gōng qí liǎng dà shì jiàn。 hán、 zhào、 wèi、 qí、 yàn de wǔ guó gōng qín， yóu yú gè guó gè huái mùdì， nán yǐ tǒng yī bù diào， zuì hòu wú gōng 'ér sàn。 gōng yuán qián 284 nián， yàn、 qín、 chǔ、 zhào、 wèi、 hán liù guó zài qín wáng zǔ zhì xià lián hé gōng qí， yàn jūn zài míng jiāng yuèyì zhǐ huī xià dà bài qí jūn， cháng qū zhí rù， gōng zhàn qí guó dū chéng lín zī， gōng qǔ qí guó qī shí duō chéng， qí guó zhǐ shèng xià jǔ、 jí mò liǎng chéng， qí wáng táo bēn yú jǔ。 wǔ nián yǐ hòu， zài qí guó míng jiāng tián dān zhǐ huī xià， qí jūn cái dǎ bài yàn jūn， shōu fù shī dì。 jīng guò zhè cì dǎ jī， qí guó guó lì dà shuāi， cǐ hòu jiù bù shì qín de duì shǒu liǎo。
chǔ、 qí zhú jiàn shuāi luò shí， zhào guó què qiáng shèng qǐ lái。 gōng yuán qián 307 nián， zhào guó guó jūn wǔ líng wáng shēn zhī běn guó chǔyú yàn、 dōng hú、 lín hú、 lóu fán、 qín、 hán zhī jiān， bù qiáng bīng jiù huì wáng guó， jué xīn fèn fā tú qiáng， zhèn xīng zhào guó。 zhēn duì zhào dāng shí de zhù yào duì shǒu shì dōng hú děng yóu mù mín zú de xíng shì， tā jué dìng jiàn lì qǐ yī zhī qiáng dà de qí bīng。 dàn shì， dāng shí zhào guó rén chuān de shì cháng páo dà guà， xiù cháng yāo féi， lǐng kuān xià bǎi dà， bù shì yí qí mǎ zuò zhàn。 yú shì， tā cóng gǎi gé fú zhuāng zhuóshǒu， zì jǐ shǒu xiān gǎi chuān liǎo zhǎi xiù duǎn guà de hú fú。 xǔ duō guì zú rèn wéi zhè shì wéi bèi lǐ jiào， dà nì bù dào。 zhào wǔ líng wáng zhōng yú shuō fú liǎo yòu yǐng xiǎng de guì zú gōng zǐ chéng， rán hòu xià liǎo yán lì de mìng lìng， yào chén mín gǎi huàn fú zhuāng， shǐ hú fú zài quán guó dé dào tuī guǎng， jiàn lì qǐ yī zhī shàn yú qí shè de qiáng hàn qí bīng。 zhè jiàn shì， shǐ chēng“ zhào wǔ líng wáng hú fú qí shè”。 tā shuō míng liǎo dāng shí wǒ guó gè mín zú xiāng hù qǔ cháng bǔ duǎn， zài xí sú shàng zhú jiàn jiē jìn。 zhào guó yǐ kào qí bīng， lián nián chū jī， dào gōng yuán qián 296 nián， gōng miè zhōng shān guó ( jīn hé běi shěng běi bù yī dài ) hòu， lǐng tǔ dà dà kuò chōng， guó lì zēng qiáng， yī shí chéng wéi kàng qín de zhù yào lì liàng。
gōng yuán qián 262 nián， qín jūn gōng hán， hán shàng dǎng jùn shǒu féng tíng yǐ 17 chéng jiàng zhào。 liǎng nián hòu， qín jūn gōng qǔ liǎo shàng dǎng， jì 'ér jìn gōng cháng píng ( jīn shān xī shěng gāo píng xiàn )， zhào guó míng jiāng lián pō shuài jūn gù shǒu bù chū， dǎng zhù liǎo qín jūn。 qín guó shī yòng fǎnjiànjì， shī fàng yáo yán shuō， lián pō róng yì duì fù， ér qiě tā kuài yào tóu jiàng liǎo。 hūn yōng de zhào xiào chéng wáng jìng rán xiāng xìn liǎo yáo yán， chè huàn liǎo lián pō， yǐ kuā kuā qí tán háo wú shí zhàn jīng yàn de zhào kuò wéi tǒng shuài。 zhào kuò yī fǎn lián pō de zhàn shù， chū bīng dà jǔ gōng qín。 qín jūn cǐ shí yǐ jīng 'àn zhōng huàn shàng liǎo néng zhēng shàn zhàn de bái qǐ wéi zhù jiāng。 bái qǐ zhǐ huī qín jūn yáng táo， yòu zhào kuò zhuī jī dào qín jūn zhèn dì zhī qián， rán hòu bāo wéi liǎo zhào jūn。 zhào jūn bèi wéi 40 duō tiān， liáng cǎo duàn jué， zhào kuò shuài jīng bīng tū wéi， bèi luàn jiàn shè sǐ， zhào jūn 40 wàn rén jiàng qín。 bái qǐ dān xīn jiàng zú bào dòng， chú fàng huí 240 gè xiǎo hái wài， quán bù yú yǐ kēng shā。 zhè cì zhàn yì shǐ chēng“ cháng píng zhī zhàn”。 tā shǐ zhào guó bīng lì sǔn shī dài jìn， cóng cǐ yuán qì dà shāng， yī jué bù zhèn。 zhào kuò cháng yú kōng tán， dǎo zhì wáng jūn yǔn shēn， yǐn chū liǎo“ zhǐ shàng tán bīng” zhè yī chéng yǔ。
jī yán zài wèi qī jiān， zhōu wáng shì yǐ jīng shí fēn shuāi ruò， tā suǒ tǒng zhì de dì pán zhǐ yòu sān sì shí zuò chéng chí， 3 wàn duō rén kǒu。 hái fēn chéng“ dōng zhōu” hé“ xī zhōu ’， liǎng bù fēn yóu dōng zhōu gōng hé xī zhōu gōng fēn zhì， jī yán jū yú“ xī zhōu” ( jí wáng chéng )。 shí qín guó yǐ gōng zhàn liǎo hán、 wèi、 zhào sān guó de hěn duō dì fāng， yǎn kàn xià yī bù jiù yào shōu shí zhōu cháo。 jī yán zài yōu xīn chōng chōng zhōng dù rì。 zhè shí， chǔ guó xiǎng yì zhì qín guó shì lì de kuò zhǎn， pài shǐ zhě qǐng jī yán yǐ tiān zǐ míng yì， hào lìng gè guó xié lì gōng qín。 jī yán dà xǐ， mìng lìng xī zhōu gōng qiān dīng còu qǐ liǎo yī zhī wǔ liù qiān rén de jūn duì， kě shì quē shǎo wǔ qì、 liáng xiǎng。 jī yán xiàng jìng nèi de fù hù chóu jiè jūn zī， fù gěi tā men jiè quàn， dāyìng zhōu jūn bān shī zhī rì yǐ zhàn lì pǐn cháng hái。
gōng yuán qián 256 nián， jī yán zhǔn bèi jiù xù， rèn mìng xī zhōu gōng wéi dàjiàng， shuài lǐng wǔ qiān jūn duì fá qín， bìng yuē liù guó zhū hóu dào yī jué ( jīn hé nán shěng luò yáng shì nán ) huì hé， yī qǐ chū jī。 bù liào， chú liǎo chǔ、 yàn liǎng guó pài liǎo xiē bīng lái yǐ wài， qí tā sì guó de bīng mǎdōu shī yuē bù lái， zài yī jué de zǒng bīng lì bù guò jǐ wàn， yuǎn bù shì jǐ shí wàn qín bīng de duì shǒu。 jiēguǒ， děng liǎo 3 gè yuè réng bù jiàn qí tā sì guó de bīng mǎ dào lái， shì qì huàn sàn， xī zhōu gōng zhǐ hǎo dài zhe zì jǐ de rén mǎ wú gōng 'ér huí。
“ xī zhōu” de fù hù jiàn zhōu jūn huí lái， fēn fēn chí jiè quàn xiàng jī yán tǎo zhài。 tā men cóng zǎo dào wǎn jù jí zài gōng mén wài， xuān huá bù zhǐ， shēng yīn zhí chuán rù nèi gōng。 jī yán kuì huǐ bù jí， yòu wú kě nài hé， zhǐ hǎo duǒ dào gōng hòu de yī gè gāo tái shàng bì zhài。 zhōu cháo rén jiāng zhè gè gāo tái chēng wéi“ táo zé tái” ( jí táo zhài tái )。 cǐ hòu， qín jūn bù kěn bà xiū， gōng xià hán guó de yáng chéng ( jīn hé nán shěng dēng fēng xiàn dōng nán )、 fù shǔ ( jīn hé nán shěng dēng fēng xiàn xī nán ) hòu， zhí pū dōng zhōu wáng chéng。 jī yán jīng huāng， dǎ suàn táo bēn hán guó huò wèi guó。 xī zhōu gōng quàn shuō dào：“ qín tūn bìng liù guó yǐ shì dà shì suǒ qū， hán、 wèi liǎng guó yě bù huì xìng miǎn， dà wáng yǔ qí dào nà shí bèi fú shòu rǔ， hái bù rú chèn zǎo tóu jiàng， jié jú huò xǔ néng hǎo xiē。” jī yán wú nài zhǐ hǎo shuài lǐng chén xià hé zōng shì， dào zǔ miào kū bài liǎo yī fān， sān tiān hòu， qīn zì dài zhe jiā juàn、 tú cè， qù qín jūn jūn yíng tóu jiàng。 qín zhāo xiāng wáng shòu jiàng， fēng tā wéi zhōu gōng， mìng lìng tā jū zhù yú liáng chéng ( jīn shǎn xī shěng hán chéng xiàn nán )， bìng duó qù xiàng zhēng guó jiā quán lì de jiǔ dǐng bǎo qì。 zhì cǐ， dōng zhōu xuān gào miè wáng。
jī yán dāng shí yǐ jīng nián lǎo， bēn zǒu yú zhōu， qín， liáng děng dì， jīng bù qǐ láo kǔ， dào liáng chéng hòu bù mǎn yī yuè jiù bìng sǐ。 jī yán sǐ hòu shì hào wéi nǎn wáng
Chu in 306 BC, destroyed more countries, almost occupied the whole of southern China, the Warring States to become the largest in the land, the most populous, most numerous in the great strength of the country, with Gongmie six countries, favorable conditions for the reunification of China. However, due to the failure of Qi Reform, the powerful forces of the old aristocracy, hindered the development of Chu, Qin became the object of attack. To Gang Qin, Chu and Qi alliances. Qin sought to break up neat and smart alliance to each break, in 313 BC, went on to send strategists Zhang Yi Chu, the grandson said, such as Chu and Qi Dear John, the King of Qin willing provider in the (now within the rural area of Hunan Province Zhejiang and Sichuan) Xian-Chu 600 in place. Grandson of the disregard of Qu Yuan, Chen Zhen, Zhao Sui and other people of insight to discourage, listen son Lan, Jin Shang, Zheng Xiu Chen Chong Fei such a group of eloquent words, promised, Zhang Yi, sent messengers to him by the way back to Qin. Qin Zhang Yi arrived, pretending to fall on the vehicle or injure a foot, behind closed doors, thank-you. Three months later, Zhang Yi that neat and smart indeed Dear John, before meeting with Chu envoy said: "How can the state of Qin of the land given away casually, I said six years his pension Yap donated to you." Grandson of the After listening to rage, regardless of Chen Zhen, who discourage, hair Bing Gong Qin, and Qin in 312 BC battle at Danyang (Jiangbei Dan, Henan province). Chu defeat, Lord Whitty uniform and lieutenants were Shengfu 70, 80 000 soldiers were killed, Hanzhong County was occupied by Qin. Grandson of the angry, the whole nation forces again attacked Qin. In the same year another battle with the Qin army in the Lam Tin (now Lantian County in Shaanxi Province), once again defeated. Han, Bing Gong Wei Chu opportunity out. Chu sides by the enemy, only hasty retreat, ceding territory and paying sums to the state of Qin. After some time, due to efforts to attack Sanjin Qin, Chu temporarily relieved from the threat of Qin, but the domestic social conflicts intensified, in 301 BC occurred in the village among the top leadership of the peasant uprising, so the ruling class by a heavy blow.
299 BC, the King of Qin to marry in the name of the grandson about to force off (now County, Shaanxi Province) meet. Again do not listen to Qu Yuan, the grandson of dissuasion, listen to the words of vanilla to attend, and she was Bing Qin hijacked and sent to the Qin Capital. Two years later, he fled fail, Anger died YU Qin. He died, Qin attacked Chu, Chu 50 000 killed, took 15 cities. After 280 BC, Qin started to concentrate forces captured large areas of Chu and in 278 BC by the famous White captured the Chu capital from shuaibing Ying. Chu on this devastated, step by step towards extinction. Yingdu after the fall of the great patriotic poet and statesman Qu Yuan, Chu could not bear to witness destruction, vote Miluo River (in today Xiangyin County, Hunan Province) himself.
Chu, Qi gradually decline, the State of Zhao is strong and prosperous. 307 BC, Zhao Guoguo Kimitake king Ling Yan aware of their own in the East Hu, Lin Hu, Lou Fan, Qin, Han, between weak soldiers will be conquered nation, determined to work hard to revitalize the State of Zhao. Zhao was the main rival for the Eastern Wu, nomadic peoples of the situation, he decided to establish a strong cavalry. But Zhao was wearing the robe coat, Sleeve waist fat, wide collar Hem large horse operations inappropriate. So he started from the reform of clothing, their first wearing a tight sleeves Duangua of Hu Dress. Many nobles think that this is contrary to propriety, outrageous. King Wuling of Zhao finally persuaded the influential noble son into, and then under the strict orders to his subjects change clothes, so be promoted Hu Dress in the country and establish a good at riding and shooting, powerful cavalry. This, known to history, "King Wuling of Zhao Hu Dress riding and shooting." It illustrates the complementarity between the various nationalities that time, the custom gradually close. Zhao rely on cavalry, attack year after year, to 296 BC, the Gongmie Zhongshan State (now the northern area of Hebei Province), the territory greatly expanded, enhanced national strength, the incident became a major force Gang Qin.
In 256 BC, Ji Yan ready for the general appointed Western Duke, led the 5000 military Faqin, and about six princes to Yique (south of Luoyang City, Henan province) joined together to attack. Unexpectedly, in addition to Chu, Yan, China sent more troops to, other four countries of the troops and horses are not to missed appointments, the total strength in Yique but tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands of Bing Qin far rivals. The results, so the 3 months is still not seen the other four countries the arrival of troops and horses, morale and lax, West Duke had to bring their troops without success.
| << qiányījūnzhù: zhōu shèn jìng wáng | zhàn guózhōu nǎn wáng Zhou Nanwang (qián314nián～qián256nián) |