西周  (?～前922年)

姓：	姬
名：	满
开端 终结 在位 前976年 前922年 周穆王 前976年 前922年 

　　周朝第五代王，姬满。周昭王之子。我国历史上最富于神话色彩的君王之一。传说享寿105岁，在位时间约为55年（公元前976年-前922年)，一说(公元前1001年-前947年）。根据汲县西战国墓所出土的《穆天子传》记载，周穆王喜好游历，曾于穆王13年-17年驾八骏之乘驱驰九万里，西行至“飞鸟之所解羽”的昆仑之丘，观黄帝之宫。又设宴于瑶池，与西王母做歌相和。据现代学者考证，周穆王西游之地应是里海黑海之间的旷原，这是中国与西域进行交流的最早史料记载。
　　周穆王致力于向四方发展，曾因游牧民族戎狄不向周朝进贡，两征犬戎，获其5王，并把部分戎人迁到太原（今甘肃镇原一带）。还东攻徐戎，在涂山（今安徽怀远东南）会合诸侯，巩固了周在东南的统治。并制定墨、劓、膑、宫、大辟5刑，其细则竟达3000 条之多。后世流传穆王西征的故事，如晋朝汲冢出土战国竹简《穆天子传》所载，反映了当时穆王意欲周游天下，以及与西北各方国部落往来的情况。
　　关于他的神话传说，尚见于先秦史书及六朝至怪小说。《列子•周穆王》记载：“穆王不恤国是，不乐臣妾，肆意远游，命驾八骏之乘……遂宾于西王母，觞于瑶池之上，西王母为天子瑶，王和之，其辞哀焉。”《太平御览》卷七四引《抱朴子》：“周穆王南征，一军尽化。君子为猿为鹤，小人为虫为沙。”
　　周穆王时期，国力强盛，周王朝在西部的影响已扩展到很远的地区。穆王又致力于向东南方发展，通过巡游，使许多地方国家部落归顺于周的统治，对周的巩固和发展具有积极意义。但同时导致了朝政的松弛。
　　继昭王而立的是穆王满，他在位长达55年之久。他好大喜功，曾因游牧民族戎狄不向周朝进贡，西征犬戎，俘虏他们的五个大王，并把他们迁居到太原。东方的徐国率领九夷侵扰周朝边境，穆王通过联合楚国的力量，平定了叛乱。周穆王是个大旅行家，喜好游山玩水。据说他以造父为车夫，驾着8匹千里马，带着7队选拔出来的勇士，携带供沿途赏赐用的大量珍宝，先北游到今天的内蒙古境内，再折向西巡，游览了今天新疆境内的许多名山大川，传说到了昆仑山西王母国，受到西王母的隆重接待。西王母在瑶池为穆王设宴，饮酒吟诗，共颂友谊，又登山眺望远景，在山顶大石上，穆王刻了“西王母之国”五个大字，作为纪念。然后，穆王继续西进到大旷原，猎到了许多珍禽异兽后，返程东归，回到洛阳。穆王西巡历时2年多，行程35000 多里，是历史上的伟大壮举，沿途所经邦国，都受到了当地人民的热情接待。

　　Chou fifth generation of the king, Ji Man. King Zhao of prince. China's rich mythological history of the kings of the most one. 105-year-old legend to enjoy life, reign for about 55 years (976 BC - 922 years ago), one that (BC 1001 - 947 years before). According ji xian tomb unearthed in West Warring States "Biography" records, Zhou Mu Wangxi well traveled, had Mu 13 years -17 years of driving by eight Chun Free Estate 9 miles, westbound to the "birds of the feather solution" of the Kunlun Hill, view of the palace of the Yellow Emperor. Also hosted at the Jade Pool, and the phase and the Queen Mother to do songs. According to modern scholars to research, the Journey of King Mu of land between the Black Sea, Caspian Sea should be the original mine, which is the earliest exchanges with Western Historical records.
　　King Mu of Zhou period, the national prosperity, Zhou dynasty in the far west of the area has been extended. Mu has committed to the development of southeast through the parade, so many parts of the country the rule of tribal allegiance in the week, on weeks of consolidation and development of positive significance. But led to the court politics of the relaxation.
　　Following the king was full of standing is Mu, who reigned over 55 years. He over-ambitious, Zeng Yin Chou tribute to the nomadic Rong and Di did not, expedition Quanrong, captured five of their king, and they moved to Taiyuan. Xu Eastern Zhou dynasty, led Jiuyi intrusive border, through joint Chu Mu forces put down the rebellion. King Mu was a great traveler, like sightseeing. He was said to Cepheid for the driver, drove eight Maxima, with seven teams selected out of the Warriors, bring along the reward for the use of a large number of treasures to today's first trip to the North in Inner Mongolia, and then off the west tour, a tour today Xinjiang many great mountains and rivers, and legend to the Kunlun Mountains Queen Mother Country, under the West Queen Mother's grand reception. Western Queen hosted a banquet at the Jade Pool for the Mu, drinking poems, Song of the friendship, but also mountain overlooking the vista in the top rocks, Mu carved a "Queen Mother Country," five characters, as a souvenir. Then, continue west to the Great King Mu Kuang original, hunting to many rare birds and animals, the return East go back to Luoyang. Mu West tour lasted two years, travel more than 35,000 years, a great feat in history, along the by Bangguo, both by the local people for their hospitality.