罗兰夫人

羅蘭夫人（Madame Roland，1754年3月17日－1793年11月8日），全名為瑪莉-簡·羅蘭（Marie-Jeanne Roland de la Platiere），父姓菲力普（Phlipon）。法國大革命時期著名的政治傢。吉倫特黨領導人之一。她的丈夫讓-馬利·羅蘭（Jean-Marie Roland, vicomte de la Platière）也是吉倫特黨的領導人之一。

她被控為保皇派的同情者並被不公正地判處死刑，事實上，她是因羅伯斯庇爾對吉倫特派的大清洗而在1793年11月8日被雅各賓派送上斷頭臺。臨刑前，她在斷頭臺上嚮着革命廣場（la Place de la Revolution）上的自由雕像鞠躬並留下了一句為後人所廣為傳誦的名言：

一周後，其夫在魯昂郊外的一處簡陋住所自殺。

註釋

René François Armand (Sully) Prudhomme (French: [syli pʁydɔm]; 16 March 1839 – 6 September 1907) was a French poet and essayist. He was the first winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1901.

Born in Paris, Prudhomme originally studied to be an engineer, but turned to philosophy and later to poetry; he declared it as his intention to create scientific poetry for modern times. In character sincere and melancholic, he was linked to the Parnassus school, although, at the same time, his work displays characteristics of its own.