| xìng： | qián | ||
| míng： | xià | ||
| zì： | dé qián | ||
| wǎngbǐhào： | yí gǔ | ||
| jíguàn： | zhè jiāng hú zhōu shì | ||
yuèdòuqián xuán tóng Qian Xuantongzài百家争鸣dezuòpǐn!!! | |||
shēng píng zǎo nián fù rì běn liú xué， rù zǎo dào tián dà xué。 zài rì běn bài jiàn zhāng tài yán（ bǐng lín） yú《 mín bào》 shè， zhāng tài yán jiè shào tā jiā rù tóng méng huì， tóng shí tīng zhāng tài yán jiǎng wén xué yīn yùn xué。 jié shí de xǔ duō zhāng mén dì zǐ， hòu láidōu chéng liǎo zhù míng xué zhě， bāo kuò huáng kǎn、 lǔ xùn、 zhōu zuò rén。 huí guó hòu， 1913 nián dào běi jīng， rèn guó lì běi jīng gāo děng shī fàn xué xiào jí fù shǔ zhōng xué guó wén、 jīng xué jiào yuán。 hòu yòu cháng qī zài guó lì běi jīng dà xué jiān kè。 1917 nián jiā rù zhōng huá mín guó guó yǔ yán jiū huì wéi huì yuán， jiān rèn jiào yù bù guó yǔ tǒng yī chóu bèi huì cháng zhù gànshì， zhì lì guó yǔ yùn dòng。
qián xuán tóng cóng 1913 nián dào běi jīng gāo děng shī fàn zhí jiào， lián xù zài běi jīng shī fàn dà xué rèn zhuān rèn jiào shòu 'èr shí yú nián。 tā jiǎng shòu de kè chéng， yǐ yīn yùn xué wéi zhù， hái yòu “ shuō wén yán jiū ”“ jīng xué shǐ lüè”、“ zhōu zhì táng jí qīng dài sī xiǎng gài yào”“ xiān qín gǔ shū zhēn wěi lüè shuō” děng。 bìng cháng qī rèn guó wén xì zhù rèn。 1917 nián， tā xiàng chén dú xiù zhù bàn de《 xīn qīng nián》 zá zhì tóu gǎo， chàng dǎo wén xué gé mìng， chéng wéi“ wǔ sì” xīn wén huà yùn dòng de jiē mù rén zhī yī。 1918 nián zhì 1919 nián de《 xīn qīng nián》 zá zhì， qián xuán tóng shì lún liú biān ji zhī yī。 zài zhè qī jiān， tā céng dòng yuán lǔ xùn gěi《 xīn qīng nián》 xiě wén zhāng。 lǔ xùn de xiǎo shuō《 kuáng rén rì jì》 jiù shì qián xuán tóng cuī cù tā xiě chū de tóu yī piān zuò pǐn， bìng qiě tóu yī cì yòng lǔ xùn zuò bǐ míng。 rú zhòng suǒ zhōu zhī，《 kuáng rén rì jì》 bù dàn shì piān bái huà wén， ér qiě shì gōng jī chī rén de lǐ jiào de dì yī pào。 qián xuán tóng zài jiào xué hé xué shù yán jiū fāng miàn de gòng xiàn yě shì hěn xiǎn zhù de。 tā suǒ zhù de《 wén zì xué yīn piān》 shì zhōng guó gāo děng xué xiào zuì zǎo de yīn yùn xué jiào kē shū。 shù shí nián lái， yǐng xiǎng pō dà， qì jīn réng wéi yīn yùn xué jiā suǒ chēng yǐn。
dāng dài xǔ duō yīn yùn xué jiā rú luó cháng péi、 wèi jiàn gōng、 bái dí zhōu、 zhào yìn táng、 wáng jìng rú、 dīng shēng shù děng huò shì tā de xué shēng， huò shòu guò tā de jiào yì。 míng shǐ jiā huáng xiàn fán céng shì tā de yán jiū shēng。 qián xuán tóng duì yú“ jīng xué” chuàng jiàn shèn duō。 tā yòu liǎng jù míng yán：“ kǎo gǔ wù qiú qí zhēn， zhì yòng wù qiú qí shì。” tā fā biǎo zài《 gǔ shǐ biàn》 shàng tǎo lùn shàng gǔ lì shǐ hé rú jiā jīng shū de wén zhāng， dú jiàn hěn duō， yǐng xiǎng hěn dà。 guō mò ruò duì qián xuán tóng zài gǔ shǐ yán jiū fāng miàn de yī xiē guān diǎn fēi cháng zàn shǎng， shuō：“ zhè xiē jiàn jiě yǔ bǐ jiàn bù qī 'ér tóng， dàn dōushì xiān wǒ 'ér fā de。” tā zǎo nián jī jí xuān chuán hàn yǔ gǎi yòng pīn yīn wén zì， céng cǎi yòng guó jì yīn biāo zhì dìng hàn yǔ pīn yīn zì mǔ。 hòu lái tā hé zhào yuán rèn、 lí jǐn xī děng shù rén gòng tóng zhì dìng“ guó yǔ luó mǎ zì pīn yīn fǎ shì”。 1935 nián tā bào bìng jiān chí qǐ cǎo liǎo《 dì yī pī jiǎn tǐ zì biǎo》， wéi gòng chǎn dǎng zhí zhèng hòu tuī xíng“ jiǎn huà zì” lì xià xiān lì。
jiā tíng
xiōng qián xún， céng rèn qīng cháo chū shǐ hé lán dà chén hé yì dà lì dà chén， zhù chí hú běi zì qiáng xué táng。
zǐ nǚ qián sān qiáng shì zhù míng wù lǐ xué jiā。
BiographyBorn in Huzhou, Zhejiang, Qian was named Qian Xia at birth and was given the courtesy name Deqian (德潜). Qian trained in traditional Chinese philology. After receiving his university education in Japan, Qian held a number of teaching positions in mainland China. He was a student of Zhang Binglin; some of Zhang's works were copied and printed in Qian's remarkable seal script handwriting. As a philologist, Qian was the first to reconstruct the vowel system of Old Chinese in IPA.
A close friend of Lu Xun, Qian was a key figure in the May Fourth Movement. Despite his close relationship with the Chinese classics, he promoted the abolition of classical Chinese. He was also a strong supporter of Esperanto, at one time even proposed the substitution of Chinese by it. He and Liu Bannong did their best to promote vernacular Chinese, attacking such classical Chinese stylists as Lin Shu. His skepticism of the Chinese heritage was such that he at one time wanted to change his surname to Yi Gu (疑古 "suspecting things ancient"). He also did much important work with regards to the standardization of Simplified Chinese characters, Mandarin, and the design of pinyin.
His son Qian Sanqiang was a nuclear physicist who contributed to development of nuclear weapons in China.
ReferencesHe Jiuying 何九盈 (1995). Zhongguo xiandai yuyanxue shi (中囯现代语言学史 "A history of modern Chinese linguistics"). Guangzhou: Guangdong jiaoyu chubanshe.
Wu Rui 吳銳 (1996). Qian Xuantong pingzhuan (钱玄同评传 "A Biography of Qian Xuantong"). Nanchang: Baihuazhou wenyi chubanshe.
1.^ DeFrancis, John (1950), "chapter 4: One State, One People, One Language", Nationalism and Language Reform in China, Princeton University Press, http://www.pinyin.info/readings/texts/DeFr1950.html