yuèdòukē 'ēn I. Bernard Cohenzài百家争鸣dezuòpǐn!!! | |||
科恩Cohen was the first American to receive a Ph.D. in history of science, was a Harvard undergraduate ('37) and then a Ph.D. student and protégé of George Sarton who was the founder of Isis and the History of Science Society. Cohen taught at Harvard from 1942 until his death, and his tenure was marked by the development of Harvard's program in the history of science. He went on to succeed Sarton as editor of Isis (1952-1958) and, later, president of the Society (1961-1962); he was also a president of the International Union of the History and Philosophy of Science.
Cohen was an internationally recognized Newton scholar; his interests were encyclopedic, ranging from science and public policy to the history of computers, with several decades as a special consultant for history of computing with IBM. Among his hundreds of publications were such major books as Franklin and Newton (1956), The Birth of a New Physics (1959), The Newtonian Revolution (1980), Revolution in Science (1985), Science and the Founding Fathers (1995), Howard Aiken: Portrait of a Computer Pioneer (1999), and his last book, The Triumph of Numbers (2005), not to mention two jointly authored contributions, the variorum edition and new English translation of Newton's Principia.
Cohen's April 1955 interview with Albert Einstein was the last Einstein gave before his death, in that same month. It was published that July in Scientific American, which also published Cohen's 1984 essay on Florence Nightingale.
In 1974 he was awarded the Sarton Medal by the History of Science Society. Many consider Cohen's most important work to be his 1999 translation, with the late Anne Whitman, of Newton's Principia. This 974-page work took Cohen over 15 years to fully translate.
Among Cohen's students and protégés were the Islamic philosopher Seyyed Hosein Nasr, Tufts University professor George E. Smith, Bucknell University professor Martha Verbrugge, and Allen G. Debus.
Reference
Dauben, Joseph W; Gleason Mary Louise, Smith George E (Mar. 2009). "Seven decades of history of science: I. Bernard Cohen (1914-2003), second editor of Isis". Isis (United States) 100 (1): 4–35. doi:10.1086/597575. ISSN 0021-1753. PMID 19554868.
Publication
1953 - Benjamin Franklin: His Contribution to the American Tradition
1956 - Franklin and Newton: An Inquiry into Speculative Newtonian Experimental Science and Franklin's Work in Electricity as an Example thereof
1960 - The Birth of a New Physics (LoC 60-5918, Science Study Series S10, Anchor Books, Doubleday)
1981 - The Newtonian Revolution (ISBN 0-521-22964-2)
1981 - Studies on William Harvey (ISBN 0-405-13866-0)
., IB (March 1984). "Florence Nightingale". Scientific American 250 (3): 128–37. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0384-128. PMID 6367033. (alternative pagination depending on country of sale: 98-107)
1985 - Revolution in Science (ISBN 0-674-76777-2)
1985 - Album of Science: From Leonardo to Lavoisier, 1450-1800 (ISBN 0-684-15377-7)
1985 - The Birth of a New Physics (ISBN 0-393-01994-2)
1990 - Benjamin Franklin's Science (ISBN 0-674-06658-8)
1994 - Interactions: Some Contacts between the Natural Sciences and the Social Sciences (ISBN 0-262-03223-6)
1995 - Science and the Founding Fathers: Science in the Political Thought of Jefferson, Franklin, Adams, and Madison (ISBN 0-393-03501-8)
1996 - Newton: Texts Backgrounds Commentaries (Norton Critical Editions) (ISBN 0-393-95902-3)
1999 - Howard Aiken: Portrait of a Computer Pioneer (History of Computing) (ISBN 0-262-03262-7)
1999 - The Principia: Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (Translator) (ISBN 0-520-08816-6)
1999 - Introduction to Newton's Principia (ISBN 1-58348-601-1)
2000 - Isaac Newton's Natural Philosophy (Editor) (ISBN 0-262-02477-2)
2002 - The Cambridge Companion to Newton (Editor) (ISBN 0-521-65177-8
2005 - The Triumph of Numbers: How Counting Shaped Modern Life (ISBN 0-393-05769-0)