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阅读凯文·米特尼克 Kevin Mitnick在百家争鸣的作品!!! | |||
凯文·米特尼克
凯文·米特尼克第一次接触计算机： 在他十几岁的时候，米特尼克还买不起自己的计算机，他只能赖在一家卖无线电的小商店里，用那里的样品及调制解调器来拨号到其它计算机。
自己独特的工具：在潜逃的三年里面，米特尼克主要靠活联网中继聊天工具（IRC）来发布消息以及同朋友联系。
鲜为人知的事实：米特尼克曾被判到社区治疗中心治疗一年，在这段时间为了戒掉自己的计算机瘾，他曾经登记参加了一项专为各种瘾君子准备的12步计划。
凯文·米特尼克 - 经历
天赋英才
米特尼克3岁时，其父母离异，这段经历，令小米特尼克的性格变得孤僻。70年代末，13岁的米特尼克(当时他还在上小学)喜欢上了业余无线电活动，在与世界各地无线电爱好者联络时，他领略到了跨越空间的乐趣。他很快对社区”小学生俱乐部“里唯一的一台电脑着了迷，并因此掌握了丰富的计算机知识和高超的操作技能。这个被老师们一致认为聪明，有培养前途的孩子，却干了一件令大人们震惊的事：他用学校的计算机闯入了其他学校的网络。从此，小米特尼克离开了学校。
入侵的成功，令米特尼克兴奋不已。他用打工赚的钱购买了一台当时性能不错的计算机，并以远远超出其年龄的耐心和毅力，闯入了神秘的黑客世界。15岁时，米特尼克成功入侵了“北美空中防务指挥系统”的主机。这次入侵，成为黑客历史上的一次经典之作。
入侵“北美空中防务指挥系统”不久，米特尼克又成功破译美国“太平洋电话公司“在南加利福尼亚洲通讯网络的“改户密码”。少年顽皮的天性，令他随意更改这家公司的电脑用户，特别是知名人士的电话号码和通讯地址。一时间，用户们被折腾得哭笑不得，太平洋公司也不得不连连道歉。公司终于发现这不是电脑出了故障，而是有人破译了密码，但他们修改密码的补救措施在米特尼克面前已是雕虫小技了。
首次被捕
连续的成功案例，令米特尼克信心大增。他将目标锁定到了美国联邦调查局(FBI)的电脑网络上。一天，米特尼克发现FBI的特工们正调查一名电脑黑客，便饶有兴趣地偷阅特工们的调查资料，看着看着突然大吃一惊：被调查者竟然是他自己!米特尼克立即施展浑身解数，破译了联邦调查局的“中央电脑系统”密码，每天认真查阅“案情进展情况的报告”。不久，米特尼克就对特工们不屑一顾了，他开始嘲笑这些特工人员，对几个负责调查的特工不屑一顾，并恶作剧地将他们的资料改成十足的罪犯。不过，凭借先进的“电脑网络信息跟踪机”，特工人员还是将米特尼克捕获了。当特工们发现这名弄得他们狼狈不堪的黑客竟是一名不满16岁的孩子时，无不惊愕万分。 由于当时网络犯罪还是很新鲜的事，法律上鲜有先例，法院只将米特尼克送进了少年犯管教所。他成了世界上第一个“电脑网络少年犯”。
被FBI通缉
很快，米特尼克就被假释了。不过，他并未收手，1983年，因非法通过ARPA网进入五角大楼的电脑网络而被判在青年管教所6个月。1988年因为入侵数字设备公司DEC再度被捕。1990年，他把目光投向了一些信誉不错的大公司。在很短的时间里，他连续进入了美国5家大公司(Sun、Novell、NEC、Nokia和Motorola)的网络，修改计算机中的用户资料。正当警方准备再度将其逮捕时，米特尼克却忽然消失，过起了流亡的地下生活。
为尽快将起捉拿归案，1993年，联邦调查局设下圈套，利用一名被收买的黑客，诱使米特尼克犯案，以图再次把他捕获。米特尼克在不知内幕的情况下又一次入侵一家电话网，FBI在庆幸他们设局成功时，米特尼克却再次轻松进入FBI的内部网并很快快识破他们的圈套而逃之夭夭。为此，美国联邦调查局立即在全国范围发出了对他的通缉令。米特尼克因此成为第一个被美国FBI通缉的计算机黑客而引起世人关注。 1994年7月，米特尼克被《时代》杂志选为封面人物。媒体称其为无所不能，可以随时发动电脑战争的超人。此时他已被列入FBI十大通缉犯的行列。
滑铁卢
1994年12月25日，消失的米特尼克再次出手，这次他的目标是圣迭戈超级计算机中心。因为这次攻击，米特尼克获得了“地狱黑客”的称号。也因为这次攻击，米特尼克激怒了一位著名的计算机安全专家----下村勉，从而导致了他一生中最大的滑铁卢。 下村勉是一位日籍计算机专家，当时他负责圣迭戈超级计算机中心计算机数据的安全。米特尼克的入侵行为使他非常震怒，为挽回自己的损失和教训米特尼克，下村勉这位计算机高手决定利用自己精湛的安全技术帮FBI将米特尼克绳之以法。
这是一场高手之间的较量，一场没有刀光剑影的超智商的较量。下村勉经过潜心追踪终于在1995年2月14日发现了米特尼克的踪迹，并利用激将法引米特尼克上当而将其缉获。在法庭上，米特尼克对这位尊敬的科学家表现出了由衷的钦佩。因这次行动，下村勉被美国媒体称为美国最出色的电脑安全专家。
联邦法院以25宗非法窃取电话密码、盗用他人信用证号码和闯入他人网络的罪名起诉米特尼克，而且未经审判就将米特尼克关押了4年半。这段时间，米特尼克一直被关押在监狱里而不得保释，这是美国司法史上对一名高智商罪犯所采取的最严厉的措施。
不过监狱锁得住人，却锁不住技术。米特尼克不知从哪儿弄来了一台AM/FM收音机，将其改造后居然能窃听监狱管理人员的谈话......监狱不得不在1997年将他单独关押在一间牢房内。
保释
米特尼克的入狱，不仅没有让这个不安全的网络变得安全，反而让一群技术高超的计算机黑客结成了一个联盟。1997年12月8日，世界各地支持米特尼克的黑客们要求 美国政府释放米特尼克。他们宣称，如果要求得不到满足，他们将启动已经通过网络置入世界许多电脑中的病毒。令网络瞬间瘫痪。如果米特尼克获释，他们将提供病毒的破解法。黑客们甚至专门建立了一个叫“释放米特尼克”的网站(www.kevinmitnick.com)，为他的出狱作倒计时。
2001年1月，米特尼克在承认自己曾犯有电话窃听和利用计算机欺诈、非法窃取计算机网络资料的罪行后，获得了监视性的释放。起获释放后必须遵守：不准触摸计算机、手机以及其他任何可以上网的装置;必须呆在加州中部，不准到其他地方旅行;至少在7年时间里不准谈论黑客技术，不能讲述从黑客经历中获得的任何好处。
米特尼克出狱后，正逢2000年地球黑客(简称H2K)大会召开，尽管他本人并没能亲临大会现场，但他仍然在洛杉矶发表了电话讲话，无数的黑客和激进分子将两间会议厅挤得水泄不通。
政府官员在越来越严重的网络安全面前，不得不请出米特尼克，希望他提供黑客攻击电脑网络的内幕信息，以提高政府电脑网络的抗黑客攻击能力。 现在米特尼克已经向政府保证改邪归正，不过他的传奇经历，已令他成为讫今为止黑客史上最出色的计算机高手。正如一位办案人员在评价米特尼克时所说的：电脑与他的灵魂之间似乎有一条脐带相连。这就是为什么只要他在计算机面前，他就会成为巨人的原因。
凯文·米特尼克 - 主要成就
他是第一个在美国联邦调查局“悬赏捉拿”海报上露面的黑客。他由于只有十几岁，但却网络犯罪行为不断，所以他被人称为是“迷失在网络世界的小男孩”。
2002年，对于曾经臭名昭著的计算机黑客凯文·米特尼克来说，圣诞节提前来到了。这一年，的确是Kevin Mitnick快乐的一年。不但是获得了彻底的自由（从此可以自由上网，不能上网对于黑客来说，就是另一种监狱生活）。而且，他还推出了一本刚刚完成的畅销书《欺骗的艺术》(The Art of Deception: Controlling the Human Element of Security)。此书大获成功，成为Kevin Mitnick重新引起人们关注的第一炮。
凯文·米特尼克 - 评价
称号：“电脑神童”“头号电脑黑客”
曾有“电脑恐怖分子”之称
在所有的黑客中，凯文·米特尼克是最具传奇色彩的人物。好莱坞甚至将他搬上了银幕。在他15岁的时候，仅凭一台电脑和一部调制解调器就闯入了北美空中防务指挥部的计算机系统主机。美国联邦调查局将他列为头号通缉犯，并为他伤透了脑筋。可以说，米特尼克是真正的少年黑客第一户。
凯文·米特尼克 - 语录
巡游五角大楼，登录克里姆林宫，进出全球所有计算机系统，摧垮全球金融秩序和重建新的世界格局，谁也阻挡不了我们的进攻，我们才是世界的主宰。 ——凯文·米特尼克
In the late 20th century, he was convicted of various computer- and communications-related crimes. At the time of his arrest, he was the most-wanted computer criminal in the United States.
Computer hacking
At age 12, Mitnick used social engineering to bypass the punchcard system used in the Los Angeles bus system. After a friendly bus driver told him where he could buy his own ticket punch, he could ride any bus in the greater LA area using unused transfer slips he found in the trash. Social engineering became his primary method of obtaining information, including user names and passwords and modem phone numbers.
Mitnick gained unauthorized access to his first computer network in 1979, at 16, when a friend gave him the phone number for the Ark, the computer system Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) used for developing their RSTS/E operating system software. He broke into DEC's computer network and copied DEC's software, a crime he was charged with and convicted of in 1988. He was sentenced to 12 months in prison followed by three years of supervised release. Near the end of his supervised release, Mitnick hacked into Pacific Bell voice mail computers. After a warrant was issued for his arrest, Mitnick fled, becoming a fugitive for two and a half years.
According to the U.S. Department of Justice, Mitnick gained unauthorized access to dozens of computer networks while he was a fugitive. He used cloned cellular phones to hide his location and, among other things, copied valuable proprietary software from some of the country's largest cellular telephone and computer companies. Mitnick also intercepted and stole computer passwords, altered computer networks, and broke into and read private e-mail. Mitnick was apprehended in February 1995 in North Carolina. He was found with cloned cellular phones, more than 100 clone cellular phone codes, and multiple pieces of false identification.
Confirmed criminal act
Using the Los Angeles bus transfer system to get free ride
Evading the FBI
Hacking into DEC system(s) to view VMS source code (DEC reportedly spent $160,000 in cleanup costs)
Gaining full administrator privileges to an IBM minicomputer at the Computer Learning Center in Los Angeles in order to win a bet
Hacking Motorola, NEC, Nokia, Sun Microsystems and Fujitsu Siemens system
Alleged criminal act
Stole computer manuals from a Pacific Bell telephone switching center in Los Angele
Read the e-mail of computer security officials at MCI Communications and Digital
Wiretapped the California DMV
Made free cell phone call
Hacked Santa Cruz Operation, Pacific Bell, FBI, Pentagon, Novell, California Department of Motor Vehicles, University of Southern California and Los Angeles Unified School District systems.
Wiretapped FBI agents, according to John Markoff; although this is denied by Kevin Mitnick.
Arrest, conviction, and incarceration
After a well-publicized pursuit, the FBI arrested Mitnick on February 15, 1995, at his apartment in Raleigh, North Carolina, on federal offenses related to a 2½-year period of computer hacking.
In 1999, Mitnick confessed to four counts of wire fraud, two counts of computer fraud and one count of illegally intercepting a wire communication, as part of a plea agreement before the United States District Court for the Central District of California in Los Angeles. He was sentenced to 46 months in prison plus 22 months for violating the terms of his 1989 supervised release sentence for computer fraud. He admitted to violating the terms of supervised release by hacking into PacBell voicemail and other systems and to associating with known computer hackers, in this case co-defendant Louis De Payne.
Mitnick served five years in prison — four and a half years pre-trial and eight months in solitary confinement — because, according to Mitnick, law enforcement officials convinced a judge that he had the ability to "start a nuclear war by whistling into a pay phone". He was released on January 21, 2000. During his supervised release, which ended on January 21, 2003, he was initially forbidden to use any communications technology other than a landline telephone. Mitnick fought this decision in court, eventually winning a ruling in his favor, allowing him to access the Internet.
Under the plea deal, Mitnick was also prohibited from profiting from films or books based on his criminal activity for seven years.
Mitnick now runs Mitnick Security Consulting LLC, a computer security consultancy.
Controversy
Mitnick's criminal activities, arrest, and trial, along with the associated journalism were all controversial.
Though Mitnick has been convicted of copying software unlawfully and possession of several forged identification documents, his supporters argue that his punishment was excessive. In his 2002 book, The Art of Deception, Mitnick states that he compromised computers solely by using passwords and codes that he gained by social engineering. He claims he did not use software programs or hacking tools for cracking passwords or otherwise exploiting computer or phone security.
Two books explored the allegations: John Markoff and Tsutomu Shimomura's Takedown, and Jonathan Littman's The Fugitive Game. Littman made four main allegations:
journalistic impropriety by Markoff, who had covered the case for the New York Times based on rumor and government claims, while never interviewing Kevin himself.
overzealous prosecution of Mitnick by the government
mainstream media over-hyping Mitnick's actual crime
Shimomura's involvement in the matter being unclear or of dubious legality
Further controversy came over the release of the movie based on the book by John Markoff and Tsutomu Shimomura, with Littman alleging that portions of the film were taken from his book without permission.
The case against Mitnick tested the new laws that had been enacted for dealing with computer crime, and it raised public awareness of security involving networked computers. The controversy remains, however, and Mitnick is often cited today as an example of the quintessential computer criminal.
Supporters of Mitnick have asserted that many of the charges against him were fraudulent and not based on actual losses.
Media
In 2000, Skeet Ulrich and Russell Wong portrayed Kevin Mitnick and Tsutomu Shimomura in the movie Track Down, which was based on the book Takedown by John Markoff and Tsutomu Shimomura. The DVD was released in September 2004.
A fan-based documentary named Freedom Downtime was created in response to the corporate-based documentary Track Down.
Mitnick is the co-author, with William L. Simon, of two computer security books:
The Art of Intrusion: The Real Stories Behind the Exploits of Hackers, Intruders & Deceiver
The Art of Deception
He and his co-author are currently writing Kevin's autobiography, to be titled "Ghost in the Wire"