阅读弗兰克·迈考特 Frank McCourt在小说之家的作品!!! |
1996年出版自传体小说《安琪拉的灰烬》,一举获得普利策文学奖、全美书评奖、洛杉矶时报图书奖、美国年度好书奖等,曾连续117周雄踞《纽约时报》畅销书榜,一年重印47次,印数高达150万册,创下了一连串的出版奇迹。本书现已译成25种语言全球发行,并由派拉蒙公司改编成同名电影,令数亿计的读者深深感动。2009年7月19日其在曼哈顿去世,享年78岁。
弗兰克·迈考特-赤贫的童年
“当我回首童年,我总奇怪自己竟然活了下来。”弗兰克·迈考特写道,“当然,那是一个悲惨的童年,幸福的童年是不值得在这儿浪费口水的。比一般的悲惨童年更不幸的,是爱尔兰人的悲惨童年;比爱尔兰人的悲惨童年更不幸的,是爱尔兰天主教徒的童年。”
1930年8月19日,弗兰克生于纽约布鲁克林,是家中七子女的老大。他的酒鬼爸爸和绝望的妈妈原本是渴求脱离孤岛苦海的爱尔兰移民,在纽约相识成婚,赶上大萧条,小女儿病死,不得不带着剩下的两个儿子返回爱尔兰老家,栖息于寒冷潮湿的利默里克贫民窟,后来生下的三个儿子中,又有两个先后死于贫病。大战爆发后,丈夫去了英国打工,杳无音信。母亲安琪拉独自拉扯三个孩子,没钱,没食物,没柴火,只好去救济站讨要,甚至站在教士门口乞食剩饭。一家人终被房东赶出,安琪拉不得不以半卖身的方式寄人篱下,甚至为此挨了小弗兰克——她儿子给她的一记耳光。
弗兰克·迈考特-不幽默,毋宁死
《安琪拉的灰烬》弗兰克13岁辍学,当上了跑腿的电报童,内心的愿望却日益坚定——去美国。他终于在19岁成行,边打工边重拾学业,28岁那年谋得第一份中学教职。
1996年,《安琪拉的灰烬》出版,以无名作者的处女作亮相,竟迅速成为《纽约时报》畅销书榜的冠军,并在榜长逾两年,销出数百万册。中国内地出版过此书多个译本。弗兰克亦因此书获颁1996年的美国全国书评人协会奖和1997年的普利策奖。
书中没有革命故事的狂野浪漫,没有揭竿而起的寻仇少年,甚至鲜见对赤贫生活的抱怨。相反,弗兰克以一种不动声色的幽默复述自己的童年。在本书的后段,他写到自己的两种饥渴,对食物,以及对性。他曾舔食沾有薯条油渍的报纸,弄得满脸墨迹,日后又在床头拿着“新教徒的报纸”,一遍遍地舔上面的泳装女郎和内衣广告。他爱过的两个女孩,都在须臾间死去。一个是在传染病院隔墙诵诗的白喉少女,他从未见过她的容貌;另一个是肺结核重患,他冒着生命危险,在她死前,应邀与她大享云雨之欢。
这些偶尔现出的亮色,涂抹在死灰般的生活之上,和早晨的父爱(没有酒精作祟)、友谊,以及莎士比亚的诗文一起,支撑着他那颗幼小的心。他明白平凡即力量,生活需要忍耐。他的人生从未蹉跎,梦想和热情至今犹在。他用一生去感悟,时刻不让幽默缺席。
泪水中的笑声似乎浑然天成。弗兰克有一次告诉记者:“我认为爱尔兰人的经验中是有些东西的——我们必须具备幽默感,不然就会死。这种东西撑着我们活下去——一种荒谬的感觉,甚于幽默。这真的很有用,因为有时候你会感到绝望。我养成了习惯,总是对自己说:‘噢,行了。’”
他接着说:“我要是很惨的时候,就对自己说:‘行了,总有一天你会觉得这也挺好玩的。’而我的另一半脑袋会说:‘不,你不会的——你永远也不会觉得这好玩。这是你这辈子最惨的经历。’可过后你再回头看,就会说:‘真好玩,真可笑啊。’”
1999年,大导演艾伦·帕克将《安琪拉的灰烬》搬上银幕。这是非常忠实于原作的改编,好演员罗伯特·卡莱尔和艾米莉·沃森分饰父母,亦有出色表现。
弗兰克·迈考特-教书匠
《教书匠》1999年和2005年,迈考特先生先后出版了两部续作:《然也》(Tis)和《教书匠》(Teacher Man),分别讲述自己在美国的奋斗经历和教学生涯,皆成畅销书。
在《教书匠》中,他回忆自己当上老师的头一个礼拜,就有个捣蛋学生将家里带来的三明治掼在教室地上,这一浪费粮食的无耻恶行让迈考特先生大为震惊,他以“艺术鉴赏家的目光”打量了一番地上的烂三明治,然后把它撮起来,吃了。
他教书很有一套,曾从学生写的各种检查中找到灵感,遂让他们以亚当或夏娃的口吻给上帝写检查,并阐述自己为什么不该因为偷吃苹果而受罚。
他的成功甚至带动了弟弟小马拉奇,后者于1998年和2000年出版了自己的两本回忆录《和尚游泳》(A Monk Swimming)和《给他唱我的歌》(Singing Him My Song)。小马拉奇的儿子康纳·迈考特也制作了两部电视纪录片:《利默里克的迈考特一家》和《纽约的迈考特一家》。
然而在爱尔兰,《安琪拉的灰烬》引起的反响是复杂的。“这本书在爱尔兰出版时,山头、布道坛和酒吧高脚凳上的人都来埋汰我。”弗兰克·迈考特2007年告诉网络杂志《Slate》,“有些人说我玷污了利默里克的美名,说我攻击教会,说我让我妈蒙羞,还说要是我回利默里克,肯定得把我吊死在电线杆子上”。
他当然未被处以私刑,而是荣归故里。利默里克大学授予他荣誉博士学位,该市亦常见好奇的游客,手持一卷《安琪拉的灰烬》在城中游荡。
弗兰克·迈考特的妈妈安琪拉死于1981年,爸爸老马拉奇1985年去世。迈考特先生有女儿麦琪,孙辈三人。他以前结过两次婚,都离了,1994年又娶爱琳·弗琳,遂欢度晚年。
Frank McCourt was born in Brooklyn. However, his family returned to their native Ireland in 1934. At age 11, McCourt's father abandoned the family leaving Frank's mother to raise four children. After quitting school at age 13, Frank alternated between odd jobs and petty crime in an effort to feed himself, his mother, and three surviving brothers, Malachy, Michael, and Alphonsus (Alphie). At the age of 19, he returned to the United States and earned a degree from New York University. After receiving a Masters degree from Brooklyn College in 1958, he taught English at McKee High School and Stuyvesant High School in New York City (where he joined the American Federation of Teachers). At first he had trouble teaching, because his students were unruly and disobedient. But eventually Frank McCourt became a very experienced teacher. He ended his teaching career after 30 years.
He received the Pulitzer Prize (1997) and National Book Critics Circle Award (1996) for his memoir Angela's Ashes (1996), which details his childhood as a poor Irish Catholic in Limerick. He is also the author of 'Tis (1999), which continues the narrative of his life, picking up from the end of the previous book and focusing on life as a new immigrant in America. Teacher Man (2005), detailed the challenges of being a young, uncertain teacher who must impart knowledge to his students. His works are often part of the syllabus in high schools. In 2002 he was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Western Ontario.
His brother Malachy McCourt, a former radio host, is also an autobiographical writer. Together they created the stage play A Couple of Blaguards, a two-man show about their lives and experiences.
Frank McCourt is a member of the National Arts Club and is a recipient of The International Center in New York's Award of Excellence.
Frank McCourt lives with his wife Ellen in New York City and Connecticut. He has a daughter, Maggie, with his first wife, and a granddaughter, Chiara.
McCourt does not use quotation marks in his writing, meaning readers must pay close attention to determine when someone else is speaking as opposed to the narrator himself.
Bibliography
* Angela's Ashes (1996)
* 'Tis (1999)
* Teacher Man (2005)
* Angela and the Baby Jesus (2007)