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'ěr Qatar   shǒudōu:duō   guógūdàimǎ: qa   
  cháozhèng
   'ěrā wén: دولةقطر céng bèi gǎng 'ào zuò ), shì zhōu nán de 'ā guó jiā shì chù 'ā bàn dǎo biān shàng de bàn dǎo guó jiājiē yīn gāi guó jué fēn lǐng jūn shòu wān suǒ wéi ràojǐn nán jiāng jiē rǎng shā 'ā
  
   shǐ
   'ěr zài 7 shì shì 'ā guó de fēn。 1517 nián táo qīn, 1555 nián bèi bìng 'ào màn guó bǎn zāo 'ěr tǒng zhì 200 duō nián。 1846 nián · běn · hǎn jiàn liǎo 'ěr qiú cháng guó。 1882 nián yīng guó qīnbìng 1916 nián qiǎngpò 'ěr qiú cháng jiē shòu xìng tiáo yuēchéng wéi yīng guó de bǎo guóèr zhàn hòuměi shì shèn 。 1971 nián 3 yuèyīng guó xuān tóng hǎi wān zhū qiú cháng guó qiān dìng de suǒ yòu tiáo yuē tóng nián nián zhōng zhǐ。 1971 nián 9 yuè 1 'ěr xuān
  
   zài 'ěr bàn dǎo shàngdāng mín jīng wéi chí liǎo shù qiān nián de shēng chǎn huó dòngdàn zài qián de fēn shí jiān jǐn jǐn shì xiē yóu luò de duǎn zhù zhōng luò céng juàn guò zhěng 'ā bàn dǎohòu lái men fēn bié chéng wéi lín shā 'ā de guó wáng), bìng yán hǎi 'àn xiàn dìng jìn xíng zhēn zhū yǎng zhízhè xiē luò wèile zhēng duó yòu de yǎng chǎng jīng cháng xiāng zhēng dǒushǐ zhěng lǐng fēn fēn zhí méi yòu jiàn tǒng de zhù quán
  
   yīng guó zuì chū xiǎng zhàn 'ěr wānshì zhè zuò wéi zhí mín yìn de xiǎng de zhōng luò jiǎo diǎndāng rán 20 shì chū shí yóu tiān rán de xiànbiàn chéng wéi yīng guó zhàn lǐng zhè de yòu yóuzài 19 shì luò tǒng zhì zhe yóu lín dǎo zhí dào běi 'ěr bàn dǎo de jìn guǎn dāng shí 'ěr chù zài de cóng shǔ guó wèidàn yóu yán dōng hǎi 'àn duō de cūn zhōngfǎn duì lín rén tǒng zhì de shēng gāo zhǎngzhōng zài 1867 nián chéng jiāng liàng hǎi jūn dēng bìng zào fǎn zhěrán 'ér lín rén de jìn gōngwéi fǎn liǎo 1820 nián qiān dìng de yīng tiáo yuēyīng guó bǎo guó shēn fèn dòng liǎo wài jiāo huí yìngshī jiā zhèng zhì zénàn lín wéi fǎn tiáo yuē,( jīng yóu liú pèi shàng xiàoyòu 'ěr dài biǎo jìn xíng cuō shāng 'ěr yóu cóng lín chū láiwèile liú pèi shàng xiào jìn xíng cuō shāng 'ěr rén xuǎn chū liǎo gāo wàng zhòng de duō běn rén shì · běn · hǎn de luòcéng jīng cānyù guò xiē wān de xiāng guān zhèng zhì huó dòngbìng yōng yòu dìng de zhèng zhì shēng wàngtán pàn de jiēguǒ zuì zhōng shǐ 'ěr huò liǎo zhèng zhì shàng de dàn zhí dào 1916 nián 'ěr cái dào zhèng shì de rèn chéng wéi yīng guó de bèi bǎo guó
  
   zài 'èr shì jiè zhàn hòuyóu shì zài 1947 nián yìn hòuyīng guó duì zhí mín de kòng zhì quán xuē ruòdào liǎo 20 shì 50 nián dàiyīng guó fàng wān 'ā guó jiā de shēng yuè lái yuè gāozuì zhōngzài 1961 niányīng guó jiē shòu liǎo wēi de xuān yán。 7 nián hòuyīng guó guān fāng xuān men jiāng zài 3 nián shí jiān nèi fàng zhèng zhì shàng 'ér fēi jīng shàngduì wān de kòng zhìsuí hòu 'ěr jiā liǎo lín xiū zhàn guó jiā lián méngdàn 'ěr nèi de fǎn duì jiàn hěn hěn kuài shǐ 'ěr tuō zhè zuì zhōng zhǎn wéi 'ā lián qiú cháng guó de lián méngzuì zhōng, 1971 nián 'ěr xíng kāi guó diǎn zhèng shì chéng wéi zhù quán de guó jiā
  
   cóng 1995 nián zhì jīn 'ěr yóu 'āi 'ěr · běn · · ā tǒng zhì shì zài de qīn · · běn · hǎn zài ruì shì xiūjià jiān tōng guò liúxiě zhèng biàn duó de guó jiā kòng zhì quánzài de tǒng zhì xià 'ěr de shè huì zhèng zhì shēng huó gèng wéi yóubāo kuò jiě fàngxīn xiàn de jiàn bèi shòu zhēng de bàn dǎo diàn shì tái de kāi 。 2007 nián 4 yuè 3 'ěr 'āi 'ěr rèn mìng · běn · jiǎ · běn · jiǎ 'ěr · ā wéi nèi shǒuxiàng
  
   zhèng zhì
   'ěr shì jūn zhù xiàn zhì de qiú cháng guóāi 'ěr wèiguó jiā yuán shǒu zhuāng duì zuì gāo lìngyóu 'ā jiā shì 'ěr jìn zhǐ rèn zhèng dǎng huó dòng
  
  
   'ěr de 'ěr wèi 'ā wān hǎi 'àn de zhōng shì yóu shā 'ā xiàng běi yán shēn de bàn dǎozhōu wéi yòu dǎo cóng nán dào běi quán cháng 160 gōng dōng xiàng kuān 80 gōng bāo kuò zhū dǎo zài nèi zǒng miàn 11532.5 píng fāng gōng zài nán fāng xiàng shā 'ā lián qiú jiē rǎng sān miàn lín hǎizài běi lín hǎi xiāng wàngxiāng jǐn dào 30 gōng
  
   'ěr shì píng tǎn fēn wéi gài shā de kào jìn hǎi 'àn shì lüè gāoyóu ZIKRIT xiàng nán cún zài fàn wéi luǒ shí huī yán 'ěr de shàng shí yóu zhù yào chǔ cáng zài zhè
  
   'ěr shǔ dài shā xìng hòuxià bàn nián yán zuì gāo wēn shè shì 50 shàngdōng bàn nián liáng shuǎng gān zàozuì wēn zài líng shàng 7
  
   'ěr quán nián gān hàn shǎo nián jiàng shuǐ liàng jǐn wéi 125 háo
  
   zōng jiào
   mín duō xìn fèng lán jiàoduō shù shǔ xùn pài zhōng de jiào pàishí pài zhàn quán guó rén kǒu de 16%。
  
   jīng
   shǒu duō shì 'ěr zuì de chéng shì zài xiàn shí yóu zhī qián 'ěr jīng jǐn zhēn zhū yǎng zhí wéi zhùzài 20 shì 20 nián dài 30 nián dài běn de rén gōng yǎng zhí zhēn zhū jìn shì jiè shì chǎng zhī hòu 'ěr de zhēn zhū yǎng zhí shī liǎo jìng zhēng chǔjìng jiān nándàn shì suí hòu, 20 shì 40 nián dàishí yóu chǔ liàng de xiànwán quán gǎi biàn liǎo zhěng guó jiā de jīng xiàn zàizhè guó jiā yōng yòu hěn gāo de shēng huó shuǐ zhǔnbìng yòu duō gōngjǐ tōng gōng mín de shè huì xìng
  
   'ěr de zhèng shōu zhù yào lái shí yóu tiān rán chū kǒuzhè guó jiā de shí yóu chǔ liàng yòu 150 tǒng( 24 fāng )。 'ěr rén de cái shōu shēng huó tiáo jiàn dào 'ōu guó jiā de shuǐ zhǔn 'ěr yōng yòu zhǎn zhōng guó jiā zuì gāo de rén jūn guó mín shēng chǎn zǒng zhí( 2005 nián wéi 39607 měi yuán), zài quán shì jiè pái míng 'ěr shì quán shì jiè zhù quán guó jiā zhōng liǎng shuì shōu zuì shǎo de guó jiā zhī lìng shì lín
  
   yóu shí yóu tiān rán zuò wéi guó jiā de jīng zhī zhù zhǐ néng zhī chēng wèi lái yòu xiàn de shí jiānsuǒ 'ěr zhèng zhì xún qiú shēng chǎn mén yòu huà bìng zhǎn zhī shí jīng zài 2004 nián 'ěr xué shù gōng yuán luò chéng shǐ yòng yǐn guó nèi wài shù wéi chǔ de gōng wèitā men gōng shù zhī chí
  
  
   cóng xiàn rèn 'āi 'ěr tuī fān qīn de zhèng quán hòu 'ěr shè huì jìn yóu huà 'ā shì jiè duō bǎo shǒu lán guó jiā shā 'ā wēi xiāng 'ěr xiāng duì jiào kuān sōng
  
   'ěr yǔn xìng jià chēér qiě xìng jià chē zài 'ěr jīng jiào wéi biàn 'ěr yǔn xìng zài gōng zhòng chǎng suí chuānzhuórán 'ér shì shí shàng 'ěr dāng fēn xìng tōng cháng réng jiù chuānzhuó chuán tǒng de hēi 'ā cháng páo 'ěr yǔn dìng xiàn duódì yǐn yòng jiǔ jīng yǐn liàorán 'ér shí shàng rèn gōng jiǔ jīng yǐn liào de jiǔ wǎng wǎng zhǐ xiàn xiē fēi cháng gāo dàng de jiǔ diàn
  
  2006 nián nián suí zhe 15 jiè yùn huì zài 'ěr de zhào kāi 'ěr shè huì hěn néng huì jìn kāi fàng
  
   jiào
   jìn nián 'ěr zhèng fēi cháng zhòng shì jiào měi míng 'ér tóng xiǎng shòu yóu yòu 'ér yuán zhì xué de miǎn fèi jiào běn guó xué zhǐ yòu 'ěr xué suǒdàn hái yòu duō gāo děng jiào gòuzài 'ěr jīn huì de zhī chí xià duō měi guó xué xiào zài 'ěr jiào chéng jiàn liǎo fēn zhī gòukāi shè zhuān xiū chéngzhè xiē xué bāo kuò nèi méi lóng xuéqiáo zhì chéng xué nóng xiè xué lián bāng xuékāng nǎi 'ěr xué děng。 2004 nián 'ěr zài jiào chéng jiàn liǎo 'ěr xué shù gōng yuán jiā qiáng xué gōng jiān de gōu tōng
  
  2002 nián 11 yuèāi 'ěr chuàng liǎo 'ěr gāo děng jiào shì huìzhè gòu zhǐ dǎo bìng guǎn suǒ yòu nián líng duàn rén qún de jiào
  
   āi 'ěr de 'èr , SheikhaMozahBintNasserAl-Missned, duì jiào gǎi de huī liǎo hěn zuò yòng qián 'ěr jīn huì bìng zài 'ěr gāo děng jiào shì kuàirèn zhí
  
  
   cháng chū bīn dēng de tán huà xiàng dài 'ér shēng míng zào de bàn dǎo diàn shì tái jiù shè 'ěr
   měi jūn 2004 nián gōng shí zhōng yāng zhǐ huī shè 'ěrwèi 'ěr de dài kōng jūn shì měi guó zhù hǎi wài zuì de jūn shì zhī


  Qatar (pronounced /kʌˈtɑ:r/ kut-TAHR in English), also known as the State of Qatar or locally Dawlat Qaṭar, is an Arab emirate in the Middle East, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the larger Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south; otherwise the Persian Gulf surrounds the state. A strait of the Persian Gulf separates Qatar from the relatively-nearby island nation of Bahrain.
  
  Qatar is an oil and gas-rich nation, with the third largest gas reserves and the second highest GDP per capita in the world. An absolute monarchy, Qatar has been ruled by the al-Thani family since the mid-1800s and has since transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the Amir, who had ruled the country since 1972. His son, the current Amir Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani, overthrew him in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia.
 

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