中国经典 》 水浒传 Water Margin 》
楔子 张天师祈禳瘟疫 洪太尉误走妖魔
施耐庵 Shi Naian
《水浒传》的成书，取材于北宋末年宋江起义的故事。据《东都事略·侯蒙传》：“江以三十六人横行河朔，京东官军数万无敢抗者。”又据《宋史·徽宗本纪》：“淮南盗宋江等犯淮阳军,遣将讨捕，又犯京东、河北，入楚、海州界，命知州张叔夜招降之。”《宋史·张叔夜传》：“宋江起河朔，转略十郡，官军莫敢婴其锋。声言将至，叔夜使间者觇所向，贼径趋海濒，劫钜舟十余，载掳获。于是募死士得千人，设伏近城，而出轻兵距海诱之战，先匿壮卒海旁，伺兵合，举火焚其舟，贼闻之皆无斗志，伏兵乘之，擒其副贼，江乃降。”此外，李□的《十朝纲要》，宋代陈均《九朝编年备要》和徐梦莘的《三朝北盟会编》，也都有类似的记载。还有的记载说宋江投降后曾参加过征方腊之役。从这些记载里，可以知道这支起义军，人数不多（但也决不止36人），战斗力很强，在群众中甚有影响，曾经给宋王朝造成一定的威胁。宋江等起义的年代大约在宣和元年（1119年）至宣和三年（1121年），前后三年多。
宋代说书伎艺兴盛，民间流传的宋江等36人故事，很快就被说书人采来作为创作话本的素材,南宋罗烨《醉翁谈录》记有小说篇目《青面兽》、《花和尚》和《武行者》，这当是说的杨志、鲁智深、武松的故事，此外，《石头孙立》一篇可能也是水浒故事。这是有关《水浒传》话本的最早记载。南宋末有龚开的《宋江三十六人赞并序》，序里说：“宋江事见于街谈巷语。”并说在龚开之前有画院待诏李嵩，曾画过宋江等人像。但龚开的赞并未说故事内容。现在看到的最早写水浒故事的作品，是《大宋宣和遗事》（见《宣和遗事》），它或出于元人，或为宋人旧本而元时又有增益。有的研究者认为它是说书艺人的底本。它所记水浒故事梗概，从杨志卖刀杀人起，经智取生辰纲、宋江杀惜、九天玄女授天书，直到受招安平方腊止，顺序和现在的《水浒传》基本一致。这时的水浒故事已由许多分散独立的单篇，发展为系统连贯的整体。元代杂剧盛行，有大量的水浒戏出现，元杂剧和《大宋宣和遗事》所记水浒的人物姓名大致相同，但聚义地点不同，杂剧说的是梁山泊，《遗事》说的是太行山；杂剧中已有“一百八个头领”之语，《遗事》只提到了36将的绰号姓名；《遗事》中写李逵位列第14，燕青位列第28，杂剧中李逵是第13头领，燕青是第15头领。凡此种种，可见在《水浒传》成书以前，水浒故事在流传中内容细节上颇有异同。这或者同在不同地区流传也有关系。施耐庵正是把这些在不同地区流传的故事，汇集起来，经过选择、加工、再创作，才写成这部优秀的古典名著《水浒传》。《水浒传》的故事最初起源于北宋宣和年间，从南宋开始就成为了民间口头文学的主要题材。目前流传下来的根据说书人编成的话本中就有“青面兽”，“花和尚”，“武行者”等。元朝初年，出现了话本《大宋宣和遗事》，描述了晁盖、吴加亮（吴用）等36人的故事，初步具有了《水浒传》的故事梗概。元朝，元杂剧中还出现了一些水浒故事剧本。
【小说版本】
简本
简本包括了受招安，征辽，征田虎、王庆，打方腊以及宋江被毒死的全部情节。之所以称为简本，主要是文字比较简单，细节描写少。已发现的简本有：一百十五回本、一百十回本、一百二十四回本
繁本
繁本写得比较细致，也是流传最广的。但主要改写增添的部分都是在招安之后的情节。
一百回本
在宋江受招安后，又有“征辽”，征方腊等情节。
一百二十回本
明万历末杨定在一百回本的基础上又插入了征田虎、王庆等情节，合成一百二十回本。
七十回本
清朝金圣叹进行删改，腰斩一百回本招安以及之后的事，以原书第七十一回卢俊义的梦作为结尾，再将第一回作为楔子，此为七十回本。
一般认为只有百回本可能是《水浒》故事成型定书的最早本子，也最接近传说故事的版本。现知和现存《水浒传》较早刻本都系明刊本。正德、嘉靖间人李开先《词谑》记有20册本的《水浒传》，有的研究者认为“二十册”即“二十卷”。一般认为，嘉靖时郭勋刊刻的武定板《水浒传》比较接近于原本，但郭勋原刊本已无存，有的研究者认为今残存 5回的嘉靖刊本《忠义水浒传》即郭本，并且由此认为郭本是20卷本。明嘉靖年间高儒《百川书志》所录《忠义水浒传》为100卷，今天所能见的比较早而又比较完整的100回本是天都外臣序本，序文撰于万历己丑（1589年）。天都外臣序本从郭本出，不过分卷不同，郭本是20卷100回，天都外臣序本是100卷，100回。这个本子于排座次之后紧接受招安、征辽、平方腊，而无平田虎、王庆故事。万历年间又出现了杨定见的120回本，主要是根据100回本，又插增平田虎、平王庆的故事（文字和繁本不同，或是吸收简本而加以润色）。明末金圣叹（见金人瑞）删去了排座次以后的部分，添了个卢俊义的噩梦作为结尾，梦中一百单八人全部被杀。又把原来的第一回改为楔子，作成70回本。这个本子，入清以来最为流行。今存较早的简本有明刊《新刊京本全像插增田虎王庆忠义水浒全传》和明刊《忠义水浒志传评林》，惟都为残本。清刊本10卷 115回《忠义水浒传》是今存比较齐全的简本。中华人民共和国成立后，陆续整理出版过70回本及120回本、100回本等繁本，并影印过100回本，及排印过几种繁本。还影印过简本《水浒志传评林》。
译本
英文版通常将《水浒传》翻译成Water Margin或Outlaws of the Marsh。众多译本中，最早的当属赛珍珠女士在1920年代中后期翻译的All Men Are Brothers（四海之内皆兄弟）。书名出自《论语》“四海之内，皆兄弟也”。1933年出版，是《水浒传》的第一个英文全译本，当时在美国颇为畅销。迄今为止《水浒传》被认为比较好的英文版本，应该是中国籍的美国犹太裔学者沙博理先生（Sidney Shapiro）在文革期间受命译的一百回版的"Outlaws of the Marsh"（水泊好汉）。其译本，被认为更忠实于原著，且很贴切地反应了原文的神韵，符合翻译的“信，达，雅”的原则。法语版则将其直译为Au bord de l'eau。除此之外，还有许多搞笑的翻译，居然是《一百零五个男人和三个女人在山上的故事》，智取生辰纲则节译为《强盗设置的圈套》。日文版的《水浒传》的版本非常之多，甚至被改编和演绎成了许多漫画，电影，电视作品。
【思想内容】
《水浒传》以它杰出的艺术描写手段，揭示了中国封建社会中农民起义的发生、发展和失败过程的一些本质方面。《水浒传》的社会意义首先在于深刻揭露了封建社会的黑暗和腐朽，及统治阶级的罪恶，说明造成农民起义的根本原因是“官逼民反”。作品开头写了一个一向被人厌弃的破落户子弟高俅,靠踢球被端王看中,后来这位端王作了皇帝（徽宗），高俅一直被提拔到殿帅府太尉，而这位皇帝也不过是个专会串瓦走舍的浮浪纨绔儿。他的亲信大臣还有蔡京、童贯和杨戬等，他们构成了一个最高统治集团，蔡、高等人以他们的亲属门客为党羽心腹，如梁世杰、蔡九知府、慕容知府、高廉、贺太守之流，在他们的下面，则是一些贪官污吏、土豪恶霸，从上到下，狼狈为奸，残害忠良，欺压良善，对人民进行残酷的剥削和压迫，形成了一个统治网。《水浒传》在揭露这些贪官污吏、土豪恶霸如何欺压人民的罪行时，首先叙述了高俅迫害王进的故事，因为王进的父亲早年比武时，一棒打翻了高俅，高俅任殿帅府太尉后,到任的第一天就公报私仇,无端责罚王进，害得王进连夜奉母逃走。作者还写了高俅为了让儿子霸占林冲的妻子，千方百计谋害林冲。高俅作为那个统治集团的代表人物之一，在他身上体现了凶残、阴险的权臣特点，也体现了封建统治阶级的丑恶和腐朽的本质。此外，《水浒传》中还写了地主恶霸的种种作恶行为，如郑屠霸占金翠莲，西门庆害死武大郎，毛太公勾结官府构陷猎户解珍、解宝。
【艺术成就】
《水浒传》在艺术上取得了杰出的成就。人物形象的塑造能写出复杂的性格内容，人物性格的形成有环境的依据，同时随生活环境的变化而发展。人物形象带有理想色彩，同时又深深地扎根于生活的土壤之中。《水浒传》不单以情节的生动紧张取胜，还有较丰富真实的细节描写。小说在民间口语的基础上创造出一种通俗、简练、生动、富于表现力的文学语言。与内容相适应，前70回连环套式的艺术结构也独具特色。
《水浒传》作者施耐庵对于这些英雄人物，予以充分的肯定和热情的讴歌，歌颂了这些人物的反抗精神、正义行动，也歌颂了他们超群的武艺和高尚的品格。一些出身下层的英雄人物，如李逵、三阮、武松、石秀等，对统治阶级的剥削压迫感受最深，因此当他们一旦造反后，他们的反抗性也最强，什么统治阶级的法度条例，对他们毫无约束，像李逵连皇帝也不放在眼里。他们为了起义的正义事业，赴汤蹈火在所不辞，作者对这些英雄人物的赞扬，完全是出自内心的热爱。作品歌颂这样一批被统治阶级视为所谓“杀人放火”的强盗、朝廷的叛逆，一些所谓“不赦”的罪人，把他们写得如此光辉动人，可敬可爱，这显示了作者的胆识和正义感情。与此相反，作者对于统治阶级的人物，则将他们写得丑恶不堪，和梁山英雄形成鲜明的对比。从而启发人们去爱什么人，恨什么人。金圣叹评论《水浒传》“无美不归绿林，无恶不归朝廷。”不管金圣叹主观动机如何，这句话却确实说明了施耐庵的思想倾向和《水浒传》的深刻社会意义。
中国历史上发生过无数次的农民起义，中国的农民富有武装斗争的传统和经验，但用文学形式来歌颂农民战争，并且真实生动地作全面的艺术再现的，只有《水浒传》。《水浒传》在记叙歌颂起义军的武装斗争时，还比较重视战争经验的总结，起义军战胜敌人，不仅凭勇敢,还靠智慧。《水浒传》中这方面的事例很多，“三打祝家庄”是一个较为突出的例子，毛泽东曾经赞扬“三打祝家庄”是合乎辩证法的最好的事例。梁山起义军在这次战役中能够重视调查研究,对敌分化瓦解,并采取打入内部里应外合的办法，终于取得了战争的胜利。《水浒传》中有关战争的描写，可与《三国志演义》相媲美。清代刘銮的《五石瓠》里说：明末农民起义军的张献忠“日使人说《三国》、《水浒》诸书，凡埋伏攻袭皆效之”。
《水浒传》中所描写的起义军的政治主张，虽然说得不十分明确，却可以看到他们有着“八方共域，异姓一家”，不管什么出身“都一般儿哥弟称呼，不分贵贱”的理想。联系到他们“杀富济贫”的行动，表现了人民反对封建经济的贫富悬殊和政治上的等级贵贱之分，反对封建社会的阶级剥削和政治压迫，这是对封建地主阶级统治思想的宣战，反映了广大受压迫人民的愿望。
《水浒传》中用以组织群众和团结群众的思想基础是“忠义”。这里所说的义，它在某种程度上注入了被压迫阶级的思想感情和道德观念，这一点，有些地主阶级的知识分子是有所觉察的。明人郎瑛就说过：“逆料当时非礼之礼，非义之义，江必有之。”这实际上是说《水浒传》所说的义不完全同于历来统治阶级所说的义。在中国封建社会里，下层人民也常讲义，他们为了维护自身的利益，免受暴力的欺凌，自然产生一种团结御侮的愿望，这种愿望，在为生活所迫、流落他乡异地的一些游民身上，反映得尤为强烈，他们最讲朋友之间的义气。路见不平，拔刀相助，进而至于“济困扶危”、“杀富济贫”，都是“义”的表现。因此，《水浒传》中所写的义，在特定的环境中，具有反封建反压迫的性质，而不同于儒家的纲常伦理中的“义”。但是“统治阶级的思想在每一时代都是占统治地位的思想”。所以《水浒传》里的“义”，还不能取代旧的伦常观念的地位和作用。《水浒传》里的“忠”，有忠于梁山事业的内容，但它又有忠君思想，在许多场合里，“忠孝”这种封建伦理大节被放在首位，而把“义”置于次要地位，这就是江湖义气没有突破封建道德的表现，梁山泊一些斗争性最强、革命最坚决的人物，最终也不免在讲义气的情况下跟着宋江接受招安，义气服从了忠君，就是《水浒传》所写的“义”本身存在严重缺陷的证明。
《水浒传》作者歌颂梁山义军，却又反对方腊起义，实际说明他同情、歌颂的是一种不彻底的农民起义，也就是不去推翻封建王朝的起义，不“僭号称王”的起义。所以，《水浒传》中出现了“替天行道”的口号。“替天行道”固然有其反抗的意义，但是由于遵奉天命，这就不能突破君主观念，因为在封建社会里，正是统治阶级借天命来欺骗人民，所谓“奉天承运”，“天命所归”，历来帝王正是借天命来统治万民的。《水浒传》中“替天行道”的意义,说的是朝廷无道时，由这些好汉来“替天行道”，而朝廷昏暗的原因,则是“贼臣蒙蔽了圣聪”，因而他们造反便是只反贪官，不反皇帝，所以最终又不得不归服天子脚下，而“替天行道”的大旗，也终于换成“顺天”、“保国”了。这也是《水浒》英雄们最终走上悲剧结局的原因之一。
在《水浒传》的描写中，可以看出作为梁山泊领袖的宋江，他的思想和行动，关系着整个梁山事业的兴衰和存亡。宋江出身于小地主家庭,“自幼曾攻经史”，养成 “忠孝”观念，后来在县里作了押司，“刀笔精通，吏道纯熟”，对于衙门里公事和官府的应酬，十分熟悉。他虽为官府中人，却又喜欢结交江湖上好汉，对下层人民也富有同情心，“济人贫苦，□人之急，扶人之困”，在江湖上享有“及时雨”的美名。这样的一种特殊经历，形成了他思想性格的两面性，一方面他要作个忠臣孝子；另一方面，在同江湖人士的接触中，使他较多地了解下层人民的苦难和愿望，又成为仗义扶危、同情劳动人民对官府的反抗行为的人物。总之，宋江在上梁山之前，他对人民的造反，只是抱着同情态度，或在某种情况下在行动上作一点有限的支持。从他思想上说，他是不愿投身到造反行列里去，他后来上梁山是由多种原因造成的。他是一个广有谋略的人物，决不甘心长久屈居下僚，他原本希望靠着他的才能将来能够“为国立功”，作出一番事业来。“博得个封妻荫子”，以图日后 “名垂青史”。而当时朝政黑暗，□臣当道，一些才能之士无法施展自己的抱负。恰在这时宋江又犯了杀人罪,流配到江州,又因醉后题了反诗，被江州知府拿住，问成死罪，靠了梁山好汉的搭救，才得保全性命，只有这时，宋江才上了梁山。
宋江有组织才能，善于团结人，再加上他在江湖上的声誉，前后有大批好汉随他上山，壮大了山寨力量，给山寨事业带来了一番兴旺发达的气象。梁山起义军在他的领导和指挥之下，接连打了许多胜仗，给予一些贪官污吏以严重的打击和惩罚，并且震动了朝廷，这些胜利都是和宋江的功劳分不开的。但由于他忠孝观念根深柢固，虽造了反而这种观念并未改变，这就伏下了他日后接受招安的契机。他上了梁山后口口声声说皇帝是“至圣至明”，只是“□臣当道，谗佞专权。”他反复申言：“小可宋江怎敢背负朝廷”，“只被滥官污吏逼得如此”。因此他是“权借水泊栖身”，“专等朝廷招安”。他在与官军对阵中，总是想到如何为日后的招安预留地步。这样，梁山起义军的力量越强大，梁山的事业越兴旺，也就越为宋江的受招安积累资本。他终于在两赢童贯、三败高俅，打得朝廷军队大败亏输之后，光荣体面地受了招安，而把梁山起义事业断送。宋江投降之后，又奉朝廷之命去镇压方腊起义军，正如鲁迅说的：“替国家打别的强盗——不‘替天行道’的强盗去了。”这是对《水浒》的最尖锐的批评，也揭示了作者思想的严重局限。
火烧草料场——选自明代崇祯袁无涯刻本《水浒全传》插图
《水浒传》全书可分前后两大部分，前半写各路英雄纷纷上梁山大聚义，打官军，受招安。后半有五个部分组成，即征辽、平田虎、平王庆、平方腊及结局。其中田虎、王庆两部分是后来加的，今所见较早的百回本，征辽之后紧接平方腊。但有的研究者认为，征辽也可能是插增的，因为第一，征辽的事不同于受招安和平方腊，历史上无迹可寻。其次，和平田虎、王庆一样，征辽中梁山一百单八人无一死亡。这个看法尚有争论。从思想内容来说，《水浒传》前半是写人民反官府，是反映阶级矛盾的,后半则是写忠臣反□臣,是反映统治阶级内部的忠□矛盾。作者写了宋江的受招安，固然是表现出严重的思想局限,但也反映了民族爱国思想,鲁迅说：“其中招安之说,乃是宋末到元初的思想,因为当时社会扰乱，官兵压制平民，民之和平者忍受之，不和平者便分离而为盗……但一到外寇进来,官兵又不能抵抗的时候,人民因为仇视外族，便想用较胜于官兵的盗来抵抗他。”这话是有根据的，水浒故事流传的时间正是民族矛盾尖锐的时代，《水浒传》的后半部分写宋江等人受招安，和这一背景不无关系。而征辽部分的出现，则是这一思想的继续和发展。至于忠臣反□臣，也是和这一思想有关的。在小说结尾写“史官有唐律二首哀挽” 宋江等梁山人物，其中说：“不须出处求真迹，却喜忠良作话头。”《水浒传》的作者是把宋江作为忠臣来描写的。第85回辽国欧阳侍郎招降宋江，吴用向宋江献策：要富贵，投降辽国；要忠义,报效宋朝。宋江说：“吾辈当尽忠报国，死而后已。”这里的“尽忠报国”实际上就是具体历史条件下的民族立场。宋江投降之后，“水浒”英雄始终受贼臣排挤、打击和陷害，最后宋江被等贼臣害死。这样的悲剧结局，对于揭露统治者的罪恶，和作者对受招安者的鉴戒来说，也是有其积极意义的。
总之，《水浒传》通过艺术形象表现的“官逼民反”的现象，深刻地反映了历史的真实本质，它所表现的梁山泊英雄轰轰烈烈的大起义，有力地冲击封建地主阶级的统治，在文学史上是罕见的。它描写的梁山义军受招安后尽管讲忠义，打外敌，平内乱，还是不见容于当权执政者，还是落得悲惨的结局，也深刻地传达了一种历史教训。
《水浒传》的艺术特色
《水浒传》作者以其高度的艺术表现力，生动丰富的文学语言，叙述了许多引人入胜的故事，塑造了众多可爱的个性鲜明的英雄形象。
《水浒传》继承与发展了中国古代小说与讲史话本的传统特色。故事极富传奇性,一波未平,一波又起，起伏跌宕，变化莫测。每一故事的高潮,都紧扣读者的心弦。如“拳打镇关西”、“智取生辰纲”、“宋江杀惜”、“武松打虎”、“血溅鸳鸯楼”、“江州劫法场”、“三打祝家庄”等等，数百年来一直脍炙人口。但《水浒传》并不是单纯为了追求故事情节的离奇而迎合群众的，而是紧紧围绕着“官逼民反”这一思想，把故事情节和人物性格融合在一起。武松、林冲、卢俊义三人都武艺高强，是梁山第一等好汉，三人都受过官府的陷害，被充过军，而武松和林冲、卢俊义的表现却大不相同。林冲、卢俊义在充军的路上受差人任意摆布，忍气吞声，有时还向差人乞怜哀告。两人又都是受骗被捆在树上低头受死。武松则相反，第一次充军孟州，一路上反而是两个差人服侍他。二次充军恩州，押解他的两个差人被人收买，再加蒋门神的两个徒弟，合谋在半路上害死他，四个带刀的凶手，对付他一个带枷的犯人，反被他轻而易举地给收拾了。他还不解恨，一口气奔回孟州，杀了张都监、张团练和蒋门神等，才算出了一口恶气。林冲、卢俊义不是武艺不精，原因在于，他们一个是北京首富，一个是东京八十万禁军教头，都是有身份有地位的人，各有家室，不幸遭受冤枉，只希望服刑期满，重振家声。两人又是懂法度的人，又存有幻想，在公人面前是怀怒未发，忍一口气。而武松，无家室之累，久走江湖，养成强悍的性格，无所顾忌，也就无所畏惧，加上他受欺被诬，不断被人暗算，所以报复心强，手段也狠。林冲、卢俊义和武松，表现截然不同，但他们二人也有些不同，林冲的反抗性还较卢俊义为强。
又如鲁智深、武松、李逵三人，他们都是性情刚直，好打不平，不畏强暴，不避危难；但他们又各有其特点，鲁智深是军官出身，阅历较深，富有正义感，痛恶社会的不平，他虽然性格急躁，行动莽撞，但在斗争中有时又很细心机智。拳打镇关西，没想到三拳把他打死了，他立刻想到要为此吃官司坐牢，自己单身一人无人送饭，于是假装气忿，“指着郑屠尸道：‘你诈死，洒家和你慢慢理会。’一头骂，一头大踏步去了。”这样便脱身而去了。在大相国寺菜园子里，几个泼皮要算计他，故意跪在粪窖边不起来，引起他的疑心，走到跟前没等泼皮上身，一脚一个把两个为头的踢到粪坑里去了。这些都说明他是个粗中有细的人。武松性情刚强，好打那些不明道理的人，死也不怕。在行动上有时表现得粗鲁蛮横，象是有意的寻衅生事，如快活林对蒋门神；有时是装出假象迷惑与麻痹对手，如十字坡对孙二娘。他为了替兄报仇，考虑得极为周密，从调查情况入手，到杀嫂逼取口供，杀西门庆，自首县衙，一步步按着他的安排都作到了。这又说明他很有心计。而李逵则和两人大不相同，憨直、刚强、粗心、大胆，极忠于梁山事业，反抗性最强，打起仗来，赤膊上阵，勇猛无比。他是个真正的粗人，一味蛮干，不计后果，又有几分天真，好管闲事，又常常惹出事端，在江州因夺鱼和张顺撕打，被张顺骗到水里，淹得他两眼发白；去蓟州搬取公孙胜，路上偷吃酒肉，受到戴宗的惩治；斧劈罗真人，被真人罚到蓟州大牢里受苦；打死殷天锡，连累柴进坐牢，差点送了性命。作者对这个人物的性格特点把握得十分准确和细致。《水浒传》对这些英雄人物个性特点的描绘，真正作到毫发不失，这就更加强了这些形象的动人力量。
《水浒传》的语言是以口语为基础，经过加工提炼而创造的文学语言。其语言特色是明快、洗炼、准确、生动。无论是作者的描述语言,还是作品人物的语言,许多地方都惟妙惟肖，有浓厚的生活气息。写景、状物、叙事、表情,极为灵动传神。《水浒传》叙事，善于白描，简洁明快，没有滞拙的叙事和冗长繁琐的景物描写。偶有写景文字，又极精彩。如武松不听酒家劝告，乘着酒兴单身上山，看了庙门上的告示,才知真的有虎,他稍为犹豫了一下，还是硬着头皮上了岗子。这里作者只用了两句话衬托此时的气氛和心情：“回头看那日色时，渐渐地坠下去了”，武松“踉踉跄跄直奔过乱树林来”,既写出了老虎活动的时间，又写出了老虎出没的环境。两句话就把一种恐怖悲凉的气氛和心情和盘托出，让人感到此时此地不知什么时候会突然跳出一只活老虎来。《水浒传》的叙事，要言不烦，恰到好处,而又绘声绘色,鲜明生动。“武松打虎”是历来传诵的好文章，写得极为传神，写人虎相搏，写老虎一扑、一掀、一剪三般拿人的本事，和声震山岗的吼声，一只活生生的真老虎就跃然纸上。几经搏斗，老虎威风渐减，最后如何被武松按住，如何挣扎，如何被武松打死，写得活灵活现，十分逼真。通过这些描写也就更好地突出了武松的英雄形象。
《水浒传》人物语言的性格化，达到了很高的水平，通过人物的语言不仅表现了人物的性格特点，而且对其出身、地位以及所受文化教养而形成的思想习惯有时也能准确地表现出来，所谓“人有其性情。……人有其声口。”如李逵第一次见宋江，就问戴宗：“哥哥，这黑汉子是谁？”戴宗责备他粗鲁，他不服，等戴宗向他介绍了情况，他还说：“莫不是山东及时雨黑宋江！”他心里怎么想，口里就怎么说，他是个粗人，见人不懂得什么客套和应酬之事，不受礼节的约束，他刚上梁山便大发狂言：“便造反怕怎地,晁盖哥哥便作大宋皇帝,宋江哥哥便作小宋皇帝……杀去东京，夺了鸟位。”象大宋皇帝、小宋皇帝等话，只有李逵才说得出，是极富个性化的语言。其他如阮小七的心直性急，吴用的足智多谋，宋江的谦虚下人，通过他们的对话，无不令人如闻其声，如见其人。鲁迅曾经指出：“《水浒》和《红楼梦》的有些地方，是能使读者由说话看出人来的。”
【业内评价】
金圣叹将《水浒传》与《离骚》、《庄子》、《史记》、《杜诗》、《西厢记》合称为“六才子书”。冯梦龙将《水浒传》与《三国演义》、《西游记》、《金瓶梅》定为“四大奇书”。与《三国演义》、《西游记》、《红楼梦》共列“中国古典四大名著”。
到了20世纪，文学评论家除了评论《水浒传》的文学成就，亦开始对《水浒传》所反映的社会状况和价值观产生兴趣。1930年代初，鲁迅在《三闲集·流氓的变迁》中曾这样评论《水浒传》：“‘侠’字渐消，强盗起了，但也是侠之流，他们的旗帜是‘替天行道’。他们所反对的是奸臣，不是天子，他们所打劫的是平民，不是将相。李逵劫法场时，抡起板斧来排头砍去，而所砍的是看客。一部《水浒》，说得很分明：因为不反对天子，所以大军一到，便受招安，替国家打别的强盗——不‘替天行道’的强盗去了。终于是奴才。”
对于《水浒传》的思想倾向历来有不同看法。一种观点认为认为《水浒传》表现的是忠义的思想。主要的代表人物是明代的李贽。另外一种观点认为这是一部写给强盗看的书，是教人做强盗的书。主要是明朝的左懋第提出的，他认为《水浒传》教坏了百姓，强盗学宋江。并且认为如果不禁毁《水浒传》，对于世风的影响是不堪设想的。当时朝廷接受了他的建议，将《水浒传》在全国各地收缴。另外一个持这种观点的人是金圣叹。这也是他把七十回以后砍掉的原因之一。此外，清朝的俞万春也支持这种观点，并亲自撰写《荡寇志》，承接金圣叹一书第七十回后，从七十一回写起，杜撰出一大篇宋江等如何“被张叔夜擒拿正法”的故事。
19世纪50年代，当时所持的看法是认为《水浒传》是描写歌颂农民起义的。这种看法是当时各种教科书，文学史和小说史所持的一个主流的看法。
【人物数量】
据统计，水浒传全书描写的人物，有名有姓的有577位（包括主要人物108位），有名无姓的有8位，有姓无名的有99位，书中提到但没有出场的有102位，共计787位。
【内容梗概】
宋哲宗时，东京有一个浪荡子弟名叫高俅，他踢得一脚好球，被哲宗弟弟端王看中，成了端王的亲信。后来端王当了皇帝，这就是徽宗，不到半年，就把高俅提升为殿帅府太尉。高俅上任的第一天，就整治因病未到的教头王进，逼得王进带着母亲逃离东京。王进来到华阴史家村，被史进收留，拜为师父。后因高俅追捕得紧，王进只好告别史进投奔延安府。王进去后，史进与少华山的头领结交为友，华阴知县知道此事后，诬陷史进私通草寇，史进烧了史家庄。
史进只得离开华阴，去寻王进。途经渭州，结识了渭州经略府提辖鲁达，二人来到酒楼饮酒。饮酒正酣，忽然隔壁传来啼哭声。鲁达顿生性鲁莽而又素好行侠仗义，叫酒保将啼哭之人带来。金氏父女被带到，女儿哭着说：因到渭州投亲无着，状元桥肉铺的郑屠乘人之危，要强娶小女为妾，今被赶出，那郑屠反要我父女给他银钱。鲁达听后大怒，决心惩治郑屠。次日早上，鲁达送走金氏父女，来到状元桥肉铺，先叫郑屠亲自操刀切肉，戏弄这恶棍一番之后，三拳结果了他的性命。随即离了渭州。半月后由赵员外出面，把鲁达送往五台山当了和尚，法名智深。
后鲁智深离了五台山，在东京大相国寺管理菜园。一日，鲁智深在菜园习武，当众连根拔起垂杨树，被陪同夫人到岳庙进香的林冲瞧见，两人一见如故，结拜为兄弟。正在高兴之际，丫环来报，说有人调戏夫人。林冲赶往岳庙，见是高太尉的干儿子高衙内，只好忍气将他放了，告别鲁智深回家。
高衙内见林冲妻子美丽，一心要谋占林冲妻子。爪牙富安向高俅献计，骗林冲带宝刀入白虎堂，林冲被捉，以行刺罪发配沧州。高俅又派人买通公人，要他们在野猪林杀死林冲。幸有鲁智深暗中保护，林冲才得以幸免。到了沧州，高俅又派爪牙火烧草料场，欲置林冲于死地。忍无可忍的林冲，杀死了爪牙，要夜投奔梁山泊。
山寨首领王伦嫉妒林冲，要他下山打劫。林冲下山等了三天，才见有一人经地。此人乃青面兽杨志，林冲同他拼杀多时，未见胜负。王伦劝住二人，邀杨志上山。林冲入伙坐了第四把交椅，杨志不愿入伙，下山去了东京。 杨志在东京投靠无门，只好卖祖传宝刀，凑一点盘缠。泼皮牛二无理取闹，欲夺宝刀，被杨志杀死。杨志充军大名府留守司。留守蔡京女婿梁中书看中了杨志的武艺，要杨志护送价值10万贯钱的生辰冈到东京为蔡京祝寿。此事被赤发鬼刘唐打听到后，劝晁盖劫下这批不义之财，晁盖请智多星吴用想办法。吴用请来阮小二、阮小五、阮小七等7人，决定在黄泥岗劫取这批生辰纲。
杨志一行人来到黄泥岗，晁盖等扮作贩枣商人，趁杨志手下买酒喝的当口，投下了蒙汗药，将他们药昏，劫走了生辰纲。杨志醒来，发现生辰纲被劫，知道大祸临头，便去青州二龙山做了强盗。 梁中书告知蔡京生辰纲被劫，蔡京下令济州府捉拿贼人。济州府尹派何涛负责此案，经查知是晁盖等人所为，何涛带人到郓城县捉拿晁盖。县中押司宋江是晁盖好友，闻讯后立即给晁盖报信。晁盖烧了自己的庄园。大败何涛，率领众人投奔梁山泊。
王伦存心刁难，不肯收留。林冲大怒，杀了王伦，推举晁盖为梁山泊首领。晁盖在挫败官军，稳住梁山泊之后，派刘唐带上书信、金银去答谢宋江。宋江退了金银，怍了书信。返回住处中途被阎婆拦住，将宋江强拉至家中，欲将女儿许配给宋江，以答谢他多年接济之恩。宋江不重女色，勉强在她家中留宿一夜，谁知书信被阎婆惜发现，她一口咬定宋江暗通梁山泊，要报官。宋江苦苦哀求无效，一气之下，杀了阎婆惜，逃回宋家村。知县差朱仝、雷横捉拿宋江，他们却有意将宋江放走，让宋江躲进了柴进庄上。宋江在那遇见了逃难到此的武松，二人拜为兄弟。
武松病愈，告别宋江去寻找哥哥武大郎。武松路过景阳岗时打死了猛虎，被阳谷知县任命为步兵都头。一日，武松在阳谷县城碰到了哥哥。武大郎非常高兴，将武松引回家中。嫂子潘金莲见武松相貌魁梧，顿生邪念，存心勾引，遭武松申斥。
不久，武松为知县押运财物去了东京。武松走后，潘金莲同开生药铺的本地一霸西门庆勾搭成奸，用药毒死了武大郎。武松回县得知此事，向知县告状不准，盛怒之下，去酒楼杀了西门庆，又杀了潘金莲，被判罪发配孟州。孟州小管营施恩厚待武松，求武松帮助夺回被蒋门神抢占去的快活林的店铺。武松酒醉后痛打蒋门神，夺回了快活林。这蒋门神通过张团练买通张都临，诬陷武松偷盗宝物，判武松充军。武松被押上路，在飞云浦折断枷锁，杀死了想害他的4 个公人，折回孟州城，杀死了正在设宴庆贺除掉武松的蒋门神、张团练和张都临，逃出孟州。在十字坡孙二娘将他扮为行者，让他去二龙山投奔鲁智深。
武松又在白虎山孙家庄遇见了宋江，宋江是去投奔花荣的，二人结伴而行，在瑞龙镇分手，宋江去往清风寨。清风寨有两个知寨，正知寨刘高是个文官，他嫉恨副知寨花荣。宋江一到就被刘高捉住，说宋江私通清风山草寇，花荣也因此受牵连。清风山头领燕顺、王英等人闻讯后下山救了宋江、花荣，大家决定去投奔晁盖。快到梁山泊，石勇捎来宋江父亲假托病故要他回家的家书，宋江赶回，被官府捉住，刺配江州。在江州，宋江得到戴宗和李逵的照。但因酒醉在浔阳楼墙壁上题了反诗，被江州知府蔡京的儿子蔡九判处死刑。正准备行刑时，梁山泊英雄前来劫走了宋江。事后，29位英雄在江州白龙庙聚会，浩浩荡荡返回梁山泊，宋江在山寨中坐了第二把交椅。
上山不久，宋江接来老父，李逵也回家接母亲上山，行至途中，遇一李逵打劫，捉住之后，才知此人名叫李鬼，说他有90岁老母无人奉养，李逵送他10两银子，劝他改恶从善。后来李逵发觉上当，杀了李鬼，而李鬼的妻子却溜掉了。回到家中，母亲已双目失明，李逵哄母亲说：我做了官，接娘去享福。背着母亲上了路。一日，行至沂岭，李逵为母取水，回来后发现母亲被虎吃掉。李逵大怒，连杀了4 只老虎，被猎户迎进曹太公庄上。这时，逃来此处的李鬼妻子认出了李逵，曹太公等人正准备暗算李逵，幸亏梁山泊派来朱贵等人帮助，李逵才脱险回了山寨。
前来投梁山泊的杨雄、石秀、时迁被祝家庄酒店欺侮，双方打了起来，时迁被捉。为救时迁，晁盖、宋江发兵3 次攻打祝家庄，荡平了祝家庄，附近与祝家庄结盟的李家庄、扈家庄都投降了梁山泊。梁山泊威名远扬，四处好汉纷纷投奔。
不久，李逵下山来到柴进庄上，正遇上柴进收到叔父寄来的信，说高俅叔伯兄弟高廉的妻舅殷天锡要夺占柴家的花园。于是柴进同李逵火速赶往高唐州，见花园已被夺去，李逵大闹高唐州，打死殷天锡。知府高廉点兵捉拿，柴进被擒，柴进叔父被抄家。李逵逃回山寨报信，晁盖令宋江率领22名头领攻打高唐州，杀了高廉，救了柴进。
朝廷派太尉高俅前往剿捕，高俅令呼延灼攻打梁山泊。呼延灼被宋江军队打得大败，逃往青州，又去为慕容知府攻打桃花山、二龙山、白虎山的起义军效力。鲁智深聚合三山人马，往梁山泊求援。宋江率军与三山义军共同攻打青州，呼延灼投降，慕容知府被杀，三山头领一起投奔了梁山泊。
此后，少华山史进被官府捉住，宋江又带兵大闹华山，杀了太守。没过几天，凌州曾头市普家五虎拦截投奔梁山泊的好汉，并恶言中伤梁山泊。晁盖大怒，亲点5000人马攻打曾头市。在战斗中，晁盖被毒箭射中，回山寨身亡。宋江被推为山寨之主，改聚义厅为忠义堂。为报晁盖遇难之仇，宋江记起了北京大名府玉麒麟卢俊义，知他武艺超群，棍棒天下无双，想请他上山入伙，共报大仇。于是宋江派军师吴用去京都，扮作算命先生给卢俊义算命，说卢俊义百日之内必有身首异处之灾，将户俊义骗至梁山泊，被张顺擒拿上山。宋江劝卢俊义入伙，卢俊义不肯，两个月后，宋江送卢俊义下了山。
卢俊义离家后，管家李固与卢妻勾搭成奸，当卢俊义回到家时，他们竟设下埋伏，将卢俊义捆送到梁中书处，梁中书判了卢俊义死刑。在行刑那天，梁山泊好汉石秀劫法场，救出卢俊义，但因单枪匹马，寡不敌众，二人被擒。为救卢俊义和石秀，宋江发兵攻打北京。梁中书向太师蔡京告急，蔡京采纳了关胜所献围魏救赵之坟，率领1500人马直攻梁山泊。宋江闻讯，退后回山，以计俘获关胜，击溃了官军。随即宋江任命关胜为先锋再次攻打北京城，战斗相持数月，直到次年元宵方攻破北京。梁中书从南门夺路而逃，卢俊义、石秀被救出。
不久，蔡京又派单廷桂、魏定国攻打梁山泊，皆被击溃。宋江与卢俊义一道领兵攻打曾头市，杀了曾家五虎，回山祭奠晁盖之灵。接着又乘胜攻破了东平、东昌二府，大军凯旋而归。此时，梁山泊大小头领正好108 位，合了当年洪太尉所放走的魔王之数。众人会聚忠义堂，宋江坐了第一把交椅，立起了“替天行道”的杏黄旗。
山寨兴旺之后，宋江有了“望天王降诏早招安”的打算，武松、李逵、鲁智深都坚决反对。到了年底，宋江要往东京去观赏明年元宵的灯火，柴进、李逵陪宋江到了东京。很偶然宋江进了李师师的府邸，徽宗皇帝也在场，正当宋江要向徽宗讨招安诏书的时候，李逵在外边打人放火，城内顿时大乱。宋江三人逃出，李逵单独行至荆门镇投宿时，听庄主刘太公说宋江抢了她女儿上山，李逵万分愤怒，跑回梁山泊，砍倒了杏黄旗，要拿宋江问罪。后来经过对证，乃是牛头山贼人冒名干的坏事。李逵负刑请罪，去牛头山杀了贼人，救回了刘太公的女儿。
梁山泊的壮大，震惊了朝野上下。徽宗派殿前太尉陈善保前往招安，李逵接过招安诏书，一把撕得粉碎。朝廷又派童贯攻打梁山泊。山寨十面埋伏，挫败了童贯的两次进攻。童贯逃回东京，高俅又调遣十节度兵力来攻梁山泊。宋江三败高俅，并将他活捉上山，以礼相待，要高俅转达渴望朝廷招安之意。高俅去后，宋江又派燕青去东京，燕青通过李师师求得徽宗下诏，没过几天，殿前太尉宿元景上山来宣读诏书，宋江领着众山好汉接受了招安，打着“顺天”“护国”旗帜，到东京接受徽宗检阅。
梁山泊义军接受招安后，正遇辽兵侵犯，宋江受诏破辽。于是大军北进，攻下檀州，夺回蓟州，智取霸州，占领幽州，兵围燕京，辽主请罪投降。宋江班师回国，遵照徽宗旨意，将所夺州县仍退还给了辽邦。
回到京师，徽宗下诏，令宋江去平定淮西王庆，随后又调去平定河北田虎和江南方腊。在平定方腊军的过程中，义军损失惨重，虽然最后擒获了方腊，大功告成，但却阵亡72条好汉。回军途中，鲁智深在杭州六和寺坐化（和尚盘膝打坐安然而死），残废的武松不愿回京，就在这里出了家。离开杭州后，林冲瘫痪，杨雄、时迁、杨志病死，燕青又悄然离去。到了苏州，李俊、童威、童猛又离去。等到大军回京驻扎陈桥驿时，只剩下20余名头领。蔡京、童贯、高俅、杨戬4 大奸臣待宋江等封官之后，他们设计用水银害了卢俊义，用毒药掺入御酒药死了宋江和李逵。就这样，一场轰轰烈烈的农民革命在悲剧中结束。
【影视资料】
【中文剧名】：水浒传（山东版）
【集数】：40
【年份】：1980
【格式】：RMVB
【语言】：普通话
【字幕】：中文
【导演】：陈敏 刘柳 刘子云
【演员】：
于守金——鲁智深
祝延平——武松
董子武——李逵
鲍国安——宋江
彭荫泰——晁盖
电视剧《水浒传》央视版 四十三集电视剧
电视连续剧《水浒传》根据施耐庵创作，罗贯中命名的同名古典文学名著改编。
【人物排名】
水泊梁山天罡星三十六员：
天魁星呼保义宋江，天罡星玉麒麟卢俊义，
天机星智多星吴用，天闲星入云龙公孙胜，
天勇星大刀关胜，天雄星豹子头林冲，
天猛星霹雳火秦明，天威星双鞭呼延灼，
天英星小李广花荣，天贵星小旋风柴进，
天富星扑天雕李应，天满星美髯公朱仝，
天孤星花和尚鲁智深，天伤星行者武松，
天立星双枪将董平，天捷星没羽箭张清，
天暗星青面兽杨志，天佑星金枪手徐宁，
天空星急先锋索超，天速星神行太保戴宗，
天异星赤发鬼刘唐，天杀星黑旋风李逵，
天微星九纹龙史进，天究星没遮拦穆弘，
天退星插翅虎雷横，天寿星混江龙李俊，
天剑星立地太岁阮小二，天竟星舡火儿张横，
天罪星短命二郎阮小五，天损星浪里白跳张顺，
天败星活阎罗阮小七，天牢星病关索杨雄，
天慧星拼命三郎石秀，天暴星两头蛇解珍，
天哭星双尾蝎解宝，天巧星浪子燕青。
水泊梁山地煞星七十二员：
地魁星神机军师朱武，地煞星镇三山黄信，
地勇星病尉迟孙立，地杰星丑郡马宣赞，
地雄星井木犴郝思文，地威星百胜将韩滔，
地英星天目将彭玘，地奇星圣水将单廷珪，
地猛星神火将魏定国，地文星圣手书生萧让，
地正星铁面孔目裴宣，地阔星摩云金翅欧鹏，
地阖星火眼狻猊郑飞，地强星锦毛虎燕顺，
地暗星锦豹子杨林，地轴星轰天雷凌振，
地会星神算子蒋敬，地佐星小温侯吕方，
地佑星赛仁贵郭盛，地灵星神医安道全，
地兽星紫髯伯皇甫端，地微星矮脚虎王英，
地慧星一丈青扈三娘，地暴星丧门神鲍旭，
地然星混世魔王樊瑞，地猖星毛头星孔明，
地狂星独火星孔亮，地飞星八臂那吒项充，
地走星飞天大圣李衮，地巧星玉臂匠金大坚，
地明星铁笛仙马麟，地进星出洞蛟童威，
地退星翻江蜃童猛，地满星玉幡竿孟康，
地遂星通臂猿侯健，地周星跳涧虎陈达，
地隐星白花蛇杨春，地异星白面郎君郑天寿，
地理星九尾龟陶宗旺，地俊星铁扇子宋清，
地乐星铁叫子乐和，地捷星花项虎龚旺，
地速星中箭虎丁得孙，地镇星小遮拦穆春，
地嵇星操刀鬼曹正，地魔星云里金刚宋万，
地妖星摸着天杜迁，地幽星病大虫薛永，
地伏星金眼彪施恩，地僻星打虎将李忠，
地空星小霸王周通，地孤星金钱豹子汤隆，
地全星鬼脸儿杜兴，地短星出林龙邹渊，
地角星独角龙邹润，地囚星旱地忽律朱贵，
地藏星笑面虎朱富，地平星铁臂膊蔡福，
地损星一枝花蔡庆，地奴星催命判官李立，
地察星青眼虎李云，地恶星没面目焦挺，
地丑星石将军石勇，地数星小尉迟孙新，
地阴星母大虫顾大嫂，地刑星菜园子张青，
地壮星母夜叉孙二娘，地劣星活闪婆王定六，
地健星险道神郁保四，地耗星白日鼠白胜，
地贼星鼓上蚤时迁，地狗星金毛犬段景住。
共108将。
楔子 张天师祈禳瘟疫 洪太尉误走妖魔
话说大宋仁宗天子在位，嘉佑三年三月三日五更三点，天子驾坐紫哀殿，受百官朝贺。但见：
祥云迷凤阁，瑞气罩龙楼。含烟御柳拂篮旗，带露宫花迎剑戟。天香影里，玉吞珠履聚丹墀；仙乐声中，绣袄锦衣扶御驾。珍珠帘卷，黄金殿上现金舆；凤羽扇开，白王阶前停宝辇。隐隐净鞭三下响，层层文武两班齐。
当有殿头官喝道：“有事出班早奏，无事卷帘退朝。”只见班部丛中，宰相赵哲、参政文彦博出班奏曰：“目今京师瘟疫盛行，伤损军民甚多。伏望陛下释罪宽恩，省刑薄税，祈禳天灾，救济万民。”天子听奏，急敕翰林院随即草诏：一面降赦天下罪囚，应有民间税赋悉皆赦免；一面命在京宫观寺院，修设好事禳灾。不料其年瘟疫转盛。仁宗天子闻知，龙体不安，复会百官计议。向那班部中，有一大臣越班启奏。天子看时，乃是参知政事范仲淹。
拜罢起居，奏曰。“目今天灾盛行，军民涂炭，日夕不能聊生。以臣愚意，要禳此灾，可宣嗣汉天师星夜临朝，就京师禁院修设三千六百分罗天大醮，奏闻上帝，可以禳保民间瘟疫。”仁宗天子准奏。急令翰林学士草诏一道，天子御笔亲书，并降御香一柱，钦差内外提点殿前太尉洪信为天使，前往江西信州龙虎山，宣请嗣汉天师张真人星夜来朝，祈禳瘟疫。就金殿上焚起御香，亲将丹诏付与洪大尉，即便登程前去。
洪信领了圣敕，辞别天于，背了诏书，盛了御香，带了数十人，上了铺马，一行部从，离了东京，取路径投信州贵溪县来。但见：
遥山叠翠，远木澄清。奇花绽锦绣铺林，嫩柳舞金丝拂地。风和日暖，时过野店山村；路直沙平，夜宿邮亭驿馆。罗衣荡漾红尘内，骏马驱驰紫陌中。
且说太尉洪信资擎御书，一行人从上了路途，不止一日，来到江西信州。大小官员出郭迎接，随即差人报知龙虎山上清宫住持道众，准备接诏。次日，众官同送太尉到于龙虎山下。只见上清宫许多道众，鸣钟击鼓，香花灯烛，幢幡宝盖，一派仙乐，都下山来迎接丹诏，直至上清宫前下马。太尉看那宫殿时，端的是好座上清宫。但见：
青松屈曲，翠柏阴森。门悬敕额金书，户列灵符玉篆。虚皇坛畔，依稀垂柳名花；炼药炉边，掩映苍松老桧。左壁厢天丁力士，参随着大乙真君；右势下玉女金童，簇捧定紫微大帝。披发仗剑，北方真武踏龟蛇；权履顶冠，南极老人伏龙虎。前排二十八宿星君，后列三十二帝天子。阶砌下流水语谩，墙院后好山环绕。鹤生丹顶，龟长绿毛。树梢头献果苍猿，莎草内衔芝白鹿。三清殿上，呜金钟道士步虚；四圣堂前，敲玉磐真人礼斗，献香台砌，彩霞光射碧琉璃；召将瑶坛，赤日影摇红玛淄。早来门外祥云现，疑是天师送老君。
当下上至住持真人，下及道童侍从，前迎后引，接至三清殿上，请将诏书居中供养着。洪太尉便问监宫真人道：“天师今在何处？”住持真人向前禀道：“好教大尉得知：这代祖师号曰虚靖天师，性好清高，倦于迎送，自向龙虎山顶，结一茅庵，修真养性，因此不住本宫。”太尉道：“目今天子宣诏，如何得见？”真人答道：“诏敕权供在殿上，贫道等亦不敢开读。且请太尉到方丈献茶，再烦计议。”当时将丹诏供养在三清殿上，与众官都到方丈，太尉居中坐下，执事人等献茶，就进斋供，水陆俱备。
斋罢，大尉再问真人道：“既然天师在山顶庵中，何不着人请将下来相见，开宣丹诏？”真人禀道：“这代祖师虽在山顶，其实道行非常，能驾雾兴云，踪迹不定。贫道等如常亦难得见，怎生教人请得来？”太尉道：“似此如何得见！目今京师瘟疫盛行，今上天子特遣下官，捧御书丹诏，亲奉龙香，来请天师，要做三千六百分罗天大醮，以避天灾，救济万民。似此怎生奈何？”真人禀道：“天子要救万民，只除是大尉办一点志诚心，斋戒沐浴，更换布衣，休带从人，自背诏书，焚烧御香，步行上山礼拜，叩请天师，方许得见。如若心不志诚，空走一遭，亦难得见。”大尉听说，便道：“俺从京师食素到此，如何心不志诚？既然恁地，依着你说，明日绝早上山。”当晚各自权歇。
次日五更时分，众道士起来，备下香汤，请大尉起来沐浴，换了一身新鲜布衣，脚下穿上麻鞋草履，吃了素斋，取过丹诏，用黄罗包袱背在脊梁上，手里提着银手炉，徐徐地烧着御香。许多道众人等，送到后山，指与路径。真人又禀道：“太尉要救万民，休生退悔之心！只顾志诚上去。”太尉别了众人，口诵天尊宝号，纵步上山来。
将至半山，望见大顶直侵霄汉，果然好座大山。正是：
根盘地角，顶接天心。远观磨断乱云痕，近看平吞明月魄。高低不等谓之山，侧石通道谓之蛐，孤岭崎岖谓之路，上面平极谓之顶，头圆下壮谓之峦，藏虎藏豹谓之穴，隐风隐云谓之岩，高人隐居谓之洞，有境有界谓之府，樵人出没谓之径，能通车马谓之道，流水有声谓之洞，古渡源头谓之溪，岩崖滴水谓之泉。左壁为掩，右壁为映。出的是云，纳的是雾。锥尖象小，崎峻似峭，悬空似险，削磁如平。千峰竞秀，万壑争流。瀑布斜飞，藤萝倒挂。虎啸时风主谷口，猿啼时月坠山腰。恰似青黛杂成千块玉，碧纱笼罩万堆烟。
这洪太尉独自一个，行了一回，盘坡转径，揽葛攀藤。
约莫走过了数个山头，三二里多路，看看脚酸腿软，正走不动，口里不说，肚里踌躇，心中想道：“我是朝廷贵官，在京师时重拥而卧，列鼎而食，尚兀自倦怠，何曾穿草鞋，走这般山路！知他天师在哪里？却教下官受这般苦！”又行不到三五十步，掇着肩气喘。
只见山凹里起一阵风，风过处，向那松树背后奔雷也似吼一声，扑地跳出一个吊睛白额锦毛大虫来。洪太尉吃了一惊，叫声：“阿吁！”扑地望后便倒。偷眼看那大虫时，但见：
毛披一带黄金色，爪露银钩十八只。睛如闪电尾如鞭，口似血盆牙似就。伸腰展臂势狰狞，摆尾摇头声霹雳。山中狐兔尽潜藏，涧下樟袍皆敛迹。
那大虫望着洪太尉，左盘右旋，咆哮了一回，托地望后山坡下跳了去。洪大尉倒在树根底下，唬的三十六个牙齿捉对儿厮打，那心头一似十五个吊桶，七上八落的响，浑身却如中风麻木，两腿一似斗败公鸡，口里连声叫苦。大虫去了一盏茶时，方才爬将起来，再收拾地上香炉，还把龙香烧着，再上山来，务要寻见天师。又行过三五十步，口里叹了数口气，怨道：“皇帝御限，差俺来这里，教我受这场惊恐！”说犹未了，只觉得那里又一阵风。吹得毒气直冲将来。太尉定睛看时，山边竹藤里箴绞地响，抢出一条吊桶大小、雪花也似蛇来。太尉见了，又吃一惊，撇了手炉，叫一声：“我今番死也！”望后便倒在盘舵石边。微睁开眼看那蛇时，但见：
昂首惊风起，掣目电光生。动荡则拆峡倒冈，呼吸则吹云吐雾。鳞甲乱分千片玉，尾梢斜卷一堆银。 那条大蛇径抢到盘舵石边，朝着洪大尉盘做一堆，两只眼迸出金光，张开巨口，吐出舌头，喷那毒气在洪太尉脸上。惊得太尉三魂荡荡，七魄悠悠。那蛇看了洪大尉一回，望山下一溜，却早不见了。大尉方才爬得起来，说道：“惭愧！惊杀下官！”看身上时，寒粟子比滑灿儿大小。口里骂那道士：“叵耐无礼，戏弄下官，教俺受这般惊恐！若山上寻不见天师，下去和他别有话说。”再拿了银手炉，整顿身上诏敕并衣服中帧，却待再要上山去。
正欲移步，只听得松树背后隐隐地笛声吹响，渐渐近来。大尉定睛看时，但见那一个道童，倒骑着一头黄牛，横吹着一管铁笛，转出山凹来。太尉看那道童时，但见：头缩两枚丫舍，身穿一领青衣。腰间绦结草来编，脚下芒鞋麻间隔。明眸皓齿，飘飘并不染尘埃；绿鬓朱颜，耿耿全然无俗态。
昔日吕侗宾有首牧童诗道得好：
草铺横野六七里，笛弄晚风三四声。归来饱饭黄昏后，不脱蓑衣卧月明。
只见那个道童，笑吟吟地骑着黄牛，横吹着那管铁笛，正过山来。洪大尉见了，便唤那个道童：”你从哪里来？认得我么？”道童不睬，只顾吹笛。大尉连问数声，道童呵呵大笑，拿着铁笛，指着洪大尉说道：“你来此问，莫非要见天师么？”太尉大惊，便道：“你是牧童，如何得知？”道童笑道：“我早间在草庵中伏侍天师，听得天师说道：“今上皇帝差个洪太尉责擎丹诏御香，到来山中，宣我往东京做三千六百分罗天大醮，祈攘天下瘟疫。我如今乘鹤驾云去也。”这早晚想是去了，不在庵中。你休上去，山内毒虫猛兽极多，恐伤害了你性命。”大尉再问道：“你休要说谎？”道童笑了一声，也不回应，又吹着铁笛转过山坡去了。太尉寻思道：“这小的如何尽知此事？想是天师分付他，已定是了。”欲侍再上山去，“方才惊唬的苦，争些儿送了性命，不如下山去罢。”
大尉拿着提炉，再寻旧路，奔下山来。众道士接着，请至方丈坐下，真人便问太尉道：“曾见天师了么？”大尉说道：“我是朝廷中贵官，如何教俺走得山路，吃了这般辛苦，争些儿送了性命！为头上至半山里，跳出一只吊睛白额大虫，惊得下官魂魄都没了。又行不过一个山嘴，竹藤里抢出一条雪花大蛇来，盘做一堆，拦住去路。若不是俺福分大，如何得性命回京？尽是你这道众，戏弄下官！”真人复道：”贫道等怎敢轻慢大臣？这是祖师试抨太尉之心。本山虽有蛇虎，并不伤人，”太尉又道：“我正走不动，方欲再上山坡，只见松树傍边转出一个道童，骑着一头黄牛，吹着管铁笛，正过山来。我便问他：‘那里来？识得俺么？’，他道：‘已都知了。’说天师分付，早晨乘鹤驾云望东京去了，下官因此回来。”
真人道：“太尉可惜错过，这个牧童正是天师！”大尉道：“他既是天师，如何这等狠催？”真人答道：“这代天师非同小可，虽然年幼，其实道行非常。他是额外之人，四方显化，极是灵验。世人皆称为道通祖师。”洪太尉道：“我直如此有眼不识真师，当面错过！”真人道：“太尉且请放心，既然祖师法旨道是去了，比及太尉回京之日，这场醮事祖师已都完了。”大尉见说，方才放心。真人一面教安排筵宴，管待大尉；请将丹诏收藏于御书匣内，留在上清宫中，龙香就三清殿上烧了。当日方大排斋供，设宴饮酌。至晚席罢，止宿到晓。
次日早膳以后，真人道众并提点执事人等请太尉游山。太尉大喜。许多人从跟随着，步行出方丈，前面两个道童引路，行至宫前宫后，看玩许多景致。三清殿上，富贵不可尽言。左廊下，九天殿、紫微殿、北极殿；右廊下，太乙殿、三官殴、驱邪殿，诸宫看遍。
行到右廊后一所去处，洪太尉看时，另外一所殿宇：一遭都是捣椒红泥墙，正面两扇朱红棍予，门上使着胳膊大锁钛着，交叉上面贴着十数道封皮，封皮上又是重重叠叠使着朱印。棺前一面朱红漆金字牌额，上书四个金字，写道：“伏魔之殿”。大尉指着门道：“此殿是甚么去处？”真人答道：“此乃是前代老祖天师，锁镇魔王之殿，”太尉又问道：“如何上面重重叠叠贴着许多封皮？”真人答道：“此是老祖大唐洞玄国师封锁魔王在此。但是经传一代天师，亲手便添一道封皮，使其子子孙孙下敢妄开。走了魔君，非常利害。今经八九代祖师，誓不敢开。锁用铜汁浇铸，谁知里面的事，小道自来往持本宫三十余年，也只听闻。”
洪太尉听了，心中惊怪，想道：“我且试看魔王一看。”便对真人说道：“你且开门来，我看魔王甚么模样。”真人告道：“大尉，此殿决下敢开！先祖天师叮咛告戒：‘今后潜入，不许擅开。”大尉笑道：“胡说！你等要妄生怪事，煽惑百姓良民，故意安排这等去处，假称锁镇魔王，显耀你们道术。我读一鉴之书，何曾见锁魔之法？神鬼之道，处隔幽冥，我不信有魔王在内。快快与我打开，我看魔王如何。”真人三回五次禀说：“此殿开不得，恐惹利害，有伤于人。”大尉大怒，指着道众说道：“你等不开与我看，回到朝廷，先奏你们众道土阻挡宣诏，违别圣旨，不令我见天师的罪犯；后奏你等私设此殿，假称锁镇魔王，煽惑军民百姓。把你都追了度牒，刺配远恶军州受苦。”真人等惧怕太尉权势，只得唤几个火工道人来，先把封皮揭了，将铁锤打开大锁。
众人把门推开，看里面对，黑洞洞地，但见： 昏昏默默，杏奋冥冥。数百年不见太阳光，亿万载难瞻明月影。不分南北，怎辨东西。黑烟召霄扑人寒，冷气阴阴侵体颤。人迹下到之处，妖精往来之乡。闪开双目有如盲，伸出两手不见掌。常如三十夜，却似五更时。
众人一齐都到殿内，黑暗暗不见一物。太尉教从人取十数个人把点着，将来打一照时，四边并无别物，只中央一个石碑，约高五六尺，下面石龟跌坐，大半陷在泥里。照那碑阉上时，前面都是龙章凤篆，天书符篆，人皆不识。照那碑后时，却有四个真字大书，凿着“遇洪而开”。却不是一来天罡星合当出世，二来宋朝必显忠良，三来凑巧遇着洪信。岂不是天数！洪太尉看了这四个字，大喜，便对真人说道：“你等阻当我，却怎地数百年前已注我姓字在此？‘遇洪而开’，分明是教我开看，却何妨！我想这个魔王，都只在石碑底下。汝等从人与我多唤几个火工人等，将锄头铁锹来掘开。”真人慌忙谏道：“大尉，不可掘动！恐有利害，伤犯于人，不当稳便。”太尉大怒，喝道：“你等道众，省得甚么！上面分明凿着遇我教开，你如何阻当？快与我唤人来开。”真人又三回五次禀道：“恐有不好。”太尉那里肯听？只得聚集众人，先把石碑放倒，一齐并力掘那石龟，半日方才掘得起。又掘下去，约有三四尺深，见一片大青石板，可方丈围。洪太尉叫再掘起来。真人又苦禀道：“不可掘动！”太尉那里肯听？众人只得把石板一齐挖起，看时，石板底下却是一个万丈深浅地穴。只见穴内刮刺刺一声响亮，那响非同小可，恰似：
天摧地塌，岳撼山崩。钱塘江上，潮头浪拥出海门来；泰华山头，巨灵神一劈山峰碎。共工奋怒，去盔撞倒了不周山；力士施咸，飞锤击碎了始皇辇。一风憎折于竿竹，十万军中半夜雷。
那一声响亮过处，只见一道黑气，从穴里滚将起来，掀塌了半个殿角。那道黑气直冲上半天里，空中散作百十道金光，望四面八方去了。众人吃了一惊，发声喊，都走了，撇下锄头铁锹，尽从殿内奔将出来，推倒撷翻无数。惊得洪太尉目睁口呆，罔知所措，面色如上。
奔到廊下，只见真人向前叫苦不迭。太尉间道：“走了的却是甚么妖魔？”那真人言不过数句，话不过一席，说出这个缘由。有分教：一朝皇帝，夜眠不稳，昼食忘餐。直使宛子城中藏猛虎，蓼儿洼内聚神蛟。
毕竟尤虎山真人说出甚言语来？且听下回分解。
"Water Margin" a book, drawing on the story of the Northern Song Dynasty Song Jiang uprising. According to the "Eastern Capital birthplace Hou Meng Biography": "Jiang rampant Heshuo three to six persons, Jingdong tens of thousands of government troops against those who dare not." Also, according to "History of the Song Huizong of the Millennium": "Pirates of Song Jiang and other offenders in Huainan Huaiyang Army, Qianjiang discuss fishing, but also committed Jingdong, Hebei, into the clear, the sea state sector, Zhang Shu Ye summon somebody to surrender command of the state to know. "" Night Song Shi Zhangshu Biography ":" Song Jiang from Heshuo, turn slightly Ten counties, government troops Mogan baby its front. claim is approaching, the spy who Shuye to make room, near the sea thieves increasingly diameter, robbery huge boat more than a decade, _set_ captured. So have raised thousands of slain, had laid an ambush near City, out of light induced forces from the sea battle, the first death waterfront hide strong, wait soldiers together, give burnt their boats, the thieves were heard no fighting spirit, by the ambush, capture the vice thief river is down. "In addition Li □'s "Outline of ten dynasties", Song Chen are "prepared to chronological nine dynasties" and Xu Meng Xin's "Three North League Code", also have similar records. Song Jiang also said that after the surrender of the records have participated in the Battle of Fang La levy. From these records, the rebels know this, few in number (but by no means only 36 people), fighting a very strong, very influential among the masses, has caused a threat to the Song Dynasty. Song Jiang and other publicity about the era of the uprising and the first year (1119) to declare and three years (1121), after more than three years.
Song artistic skills flourished storyteller, folk wisdom of Song Jiang and other 36 stories, it was soon adopted as a creative storyteller, then the material, Luo Ye Song, "On the record Drunkard," a novel in mind table of contents "green face and beast," " Monk "and" Wu Departed ", it is of said Yang, Lu Zhishen, the story of Wu Song, In addition, the" stone SUN "Water Margin may also be a story. This is the "Water Margin", then the earliest record of this. Open end of a Gong Song "Song Jiang thirty-six people like and order", order, said: "Street Song Jiang thing about Gossip found." And said before the academy opened in Official Titles Gong Li Song, Song Jiang and other portrait was painted . However, said Gong has not opened like the story. Water Margin is now among the first to see the works of the story is "Vision and the Romance of Song" (see the "sun and Romance"), or out of it per person, or Old Song and Yuan have the gain. Some researchers think it is a story-telling master copy artists. Water Margin Synopsis remember it, from selling knives to kill from Yang, the outsmart birthday Gang, Song Jiang Xi killed, nine Xuannv granted divine book, by Dr. Ping Fang La until only the order and now "Heroes," basically the same. At this time of the Water Margin story has many scattered independent single chapter, the development of a coherent whole for the system. Prevalence of Yuan Dynasty, a large number of Water Margin show the emergence of the Yuan Dynasty and the "Declaration of Song and the Heritage of the" Water Margin characters name is written about the same, but Juyi different locations, that is Liangshanpo drama, "Romance," said the Taihang Mountains ; Opera already has a "one hundred and eighty chieftains" of the language, "Heritage of the" only 36 will be referred to the nickname of the name; "Romance," writes Li Kui ranked 14, ranked No. 28 Yan Qing, Li Kui was the first Drama 13 chiefs, Yanqing is 15 chieftains. All these can be seen in the "Water Margin" a book before the Water Margin story is quite popular on the similarities and differences in the details. This may also spread in different regions with a relationship. Shinai is spread in different regions of these stories, brought together, through the _select_ion, processing, re-creation, was written in this great classic, "The Water Margin." "Water Margin" story first originated in the Northern Vision and years, beginning from the Southern Song Dynasty folk oral literature has become a major theme. Handed down from the current compiled according to the words of the storyteller in there "green face and beast," "Monk," "Wu Departed" and so on. Yuan Dynasty, there have been words of the "Vision and the Heritage of the Great Song", described the Chao Gai and Wu highlighted (Wu Yong) and other 36 stories, initially with the "Water Margin" synopsis. Yuan, Yuan Dynasty in the Water Margin story also appeared in several plays.
Version】 【novel
Simplified version
This includes amnesty by Jane, Zheng Liao, Zheng Tian Hu, Wang, Fang La, and Song Jiang was poisoned to fight all the circumstances. This is called simple, mainly text is relatively simple, less detailed description. Simplified version has been found: one hundred and fifteen back to this, one hundred and ten back to the book, one hundred twenty-four back to the
Fan the
Fan of the written more polished, but also the most widely circulated. But the main part is rewritten to add the plot after the amnesty.
Back to the hundred
In the Song Jiang by the amnesty, there was the "sign Liao," Zheng Fang La and other circumstances.
Back to the hundred and twenty
Yang Ming Dynasty at the end of this _set_ back in a hundred has been _insert_ed on the basis of levy Tian Hu, Wang and other circumstances, synthetic hundred and twenty recover.
Back to the seventies
Tan to the Qing Dynasty deletion, cut back the amnesty, and after a hundred things back to the original books of the Seventy Lu Junyi's dream as the end of the first round and then as a wedge, this is back to the seventies.
Generally believed that this may be only a hundred back, "Water Margin" story formed the first book _set_ books, but also closest to the legend version of the story. Is known and the existing "Water Margin" they are all out earlier edition printed edition. Masanori, Jiajing Lee among people first "ridiculed the word" Remember there are 20 of the of the "Water Margin", and some researchers believe that "twenty" means "twenty volumes." Generally believed that when Jiajing Guo Xun Wu Ding Inscription plate "Water Margin" relatively close to the original, but the original printed edition Guo Xun no longer exist, and some researchers believe that this remaining 5 back Jiajing printed edition "loyalty Water Margin" means Guo , and thus that the volume is 20 Guo. Jiajingnianjian high-Confucianism "Sea Book Notes," recorded by the "loyalty Water Margin" 100 volumes, earlier today who can compare to see a complete 100 back to the foreign minister of the sequence is the day all of this, the preface was written Wanli OX (1589). Order of the day are from outside the Chen Guo a, but different sub-volume, volume 100 20 Guo Hui, Chen order of the day are outside the volume 100, 100 back. After row of seating in this book bear to accept amnesty, Zheng Liao, Ping Fang La, and no flat Tian Hu, Wang story. Yang Wanli appeared back to the stereotypes of the 120, mainly based on the 100 back, and _insert_ed by Ping Tian Hu, Ping Wang of the story (text and prosperity of the different, or simply absorb and embellished this.) Ming tan (see Jin Renrui) after deleting a row of seating part, Tim had a nightmare as the end of Lu Junyi, one hundred and eight people dream all killed. The first back again to the original wedge, made of 70 back to this. This book, into the most popular since the Qing Dynasty. Simplified version earlier this deposit has the Ming Dynasty, "Emerging in Beijing as the _insert_ion of the full meaning of Masuda Tiger Wang Qingzhong Tales" and the Ming Dynasty, "Biography of Water Margin Ping Lin Chung-yi," but are the residue of this. 10 volume printed edition of 115 back to the Qing "loyalty Outlaws of the Marsh" is a relatively complete this simple existence of this. After the founding of the People's Republic, published and edited the 70 back and 120 back to the 100 back to the other fan of this, and copy back to the more than 100, and had several fan of the typography. Jane also copy over the "Outlaws of the Marsh Biography Ping Lin."
Translation
English is usually the "Water Margin" Water Margin, or translated into Outlaws of the Marsh. In many translations, Ms. Pearl S. Buck was undoubtedly the earliest in the late 1920s Translation All Men Are Brothers (All men are brothers.) Title from "The Analects of Confucius", "within the four seas are brothers." Published in 1933, is the "Water Margin" the first complete translation in English was quite popular in the United States. So far, "Water Margin" is considered good English, should be the Chinese American Jewish scholar, Mr. Sidney Shapiro (Sidney Shapiro) translation during the Cultural Revolution was ordered back version of a hundred "Outlaws of the Marsh" (water Park Heroes). The translation is considered to be more faithful to the original, and very appropriate to reflect the charm of the original, in line with the translation, "the letter, and Elegance" principle. French will be the literal translation for the Au bord de l'eau. In addition, there are many funny translation is actually "one hundred and five men and three women in the mountains of the story," Gang birthday outsmart the section translated as "bandits _set_ the trap." Japanese version of "Water Margin" version very much, and even adapted and interpreted into many comics, movies, TV works.
】 【Ideological content
"Water Margin" with its outstanding art describes means of revealing the peasant uprising in China's feudal society, development and failure of some essential aspects of the process. "Outlaws of the Marsh" is a profound social significance of the first exposed the dark and decadent feudal society, and the ruling class of sin, that caused the root causes of the peasant uprising is "forcing people to rebel." The beginning of a work written Pola Hu has been rejected for the children of Gao Qiu, by playing by Duan fancy, and later made the emperor the Duan (Huizong), Gao Qiu has been promoted to house Shuai Fu Qiu, and this emperor is merely a special string W will take care of the floating wave Dandyism children. There are his trusted minister Cai Jing, Tong Guan and Yang Jian and so on, they constitute a top ruling group, Tsai, who advanced to their relatives hangers for the gang confidants, such as Liang Shijie, Caijiu prefect, prefect Murong, high-Lian, HE Prefecture and his ilk in their below is the number of corrupt officials, local tyrants and bullies, from top to bottom, working hand in glove, harm good people, bullying is good and cruel exploitation of people and the oppression, the formation of a rule network. "Water Margin" to expose these corrupt officials, local tyrants and bullies to bully the people of the offense, first described the persecution of Gao Qiu Wang Jin's story, the father of the king into the contest early years when a wand tipped Gao Qiu, Gao Qiu Hall Shuai Fu Qiu Ren, the arrival of the first day Gongbaosichou, unwarranted punishment Wang Jin, and depriving the mother of the king fled into the night Bong. The author also wrote to his son to occupy high-Qiu Lin's wife, doing everything possible to murder Lin. Gao Qiu, as the representative figure of the ruling group, he embodies the savage, sinister features Quan Chen, also reflected the feudal ruling class, the nature of evil and corrupt. In addition, the "Water Margin" and wrote all the evil landlord bully behavior, such as butcher occupation Jin Cuilian, Ximen kill Wu Dalang, Maotai Gong Zhen collusion official framed Orion solution, the solution Po.
】 【Artistic achievement
"Water Margin" in art has made outstanding achievements. Characters shaped by the complex character to write the content, the characters based on the formation of the environment, while changing with the development of living environment. Characters with idealistic, while deeply rooted in the soil of life. "Water Margin" is not only a vivid plot tension to win, there are more rich description of the real details. Novel based on the oral folk to create a popular, concise, vivid, expressive literary language. Compatible with the content, the first of 70 back to the chain structure of _set_s of unique artistic style.
"Water Margin" Shinai of these heroes, to be fully affirmed and warm Acura, praised the spirit of resistance of these characters, just action, but also praises their superior martial arts and noble character. Some came from the hero of the lower, such as Li Kui, San Ruan, Wu, Shi Xiu, etc., the ruling class exploitation and oppression of the deepest feelings, so once they rebelled, their resistance is also the strongest, and what the ruling class testimonies Ordinance There is no restriction on them, not even the emperor looked down on as Li Kui. They just cause for the uprising, through fire and water in any hesitation, of the praise of those heroes is completely from the heart of love. This work praised the ruling class as a group are the so-called "murder and arson," the robber, the court of treason, some so-called "no amnesty" sinners, write them so brilliant and moving, adorable, indicating the author's courage and just feelings. In contrast, for the ruling class of people, will they write ugly bear, and the Liangshan heroes in sharp contrast. Which suggests that people who love and hate nobody. Tan Comment "Water Margin", "no United States does not go green forest, no evil does not return the court." Tan regardless of the subjective motives, his words have really thought that the Shinai tendencies and the "Water Margin" profound social significance.
"Water Margin" in the description of the rebel army's political views, though have not made myself very clear, but you can see they have a "total field Octagon, a surname," no matter what background "children are generally younger brother called, without distinction of "ideal. Linked to their "Shafujipin" actions, the performance of people against the feudal economy, the disparity of wealth and political distinction or distinction level, against the feudal society, class exploitation and political oppression, which is the rule of the feudal landlord class war ideology , reflecting the aspirations of the oppressed majority.
"Water Margin" to organize the masses and unite the thinking is based on "loyalty." Sense mentioned here, which to some extent into the thoughts and feelings of the oppressed classes and moral values, and this, some landlord class, intellectuals have perceived. Lang Ying Ming to say: "foresee was the gift of indecent assault, non-sense meaning, there must be the river." This is actually said, "Water Margin" said Yi is not entirely the same as mentioned by the ruling class has always been defined . In Chinese feudal society, people often lower notes, in order to safeguard their own interests, from bullying to violence, natural exteriors to produce a unity of desire, this desire for life forced to flee their homes in different places some of the homeless who was particularly strong reflecting their most about loyalty between friends. Road see injustice, his help, and then As for the "Jikun distress," "Shafujipin" are "righteousness" of the performance. Therefore, the "Water Margin" his righteousness, and in a specific environment, anti-feudal nature of anti-oppression, which is different from the Confucian Gangchanglunli of "righteousness." But "thinking of the ruling class are in every era of the dominant ideology." Therefore, the "Water Margin" in the "justice" ethics can not replace the old concept of the status and role. "Water Margin" in the "loyalty", the contents are loyal to the Liangshan cause, but it is thought there are loyalty, in many occasions, "One," a large section of the feudal ethics to be the first place, and the "meaning" place secondary position, this is no breakthrough in the feudal Brotherhood of ethics, Liangshanpo some of the struggle of the strongest, most determined revolutionary people, and ultimately can not help but follow the case in the sense of obligation to accept amnesty Song Jiang, loyalty to obey a loyalty to the emperor, is the "Water Margin Biography "written by" justice "itself is proof of serious defects.
In the "Water Margin" in the description can be seen as a Liangshanpo leader Song Jiang, his thoughts and actions, the relationship between the cause of the rise and fall and fall of Liangshan. Song Jiang was born in the family of small landowners, "the history of childhood has been attacked by" develop "One" concept, and later in the county were Yasi, "knife pen proficient skilled Officials in" Yamen in the official and official for the entertainment, very familiar. Although his official myself, but like to make rivers and lakes on the hero, is also sympathetic to the lower classes, "the Franciscans were poor, □ anxious person, supporting one of the storm" in the rivers and lakes to enjoy, "timely" reputation. Such a special experience, the formation of his thought and character of the two sides, on the one hand he wants to make a loyal and dutiful son; the other hand, people in contact with the arena, made him more understanding of the suffering and aspirations of the lower classes, but also a generous attempts distress, sympathy of the working people against the conduct of the official figure. In short, Song Jiang in the Liangshan, he rebels against the people, just hold sympathetic attitudes, or in some cases limited in action for a little support. From his thinking that he is not willing to go to join the rebel ranks, he went on to Liangshan is a combination of reasons. He has a broad strategy of the characters, placing him under a long bureaucratic decision can not be reconciled, and he had hoped to rely on his talent will be able to "meritorious service for the country" to make a career. "Donald's wife won a sealed sub" in order to later "go down in history." At that time the political affairs of the dark, □ minister in power, some people in order to not display their own ambitions. Just at that moment Song Jiang has committed a murder, the Fluid Assignment to Jiangzhou, because of the anti-drunk title poem, is prefect Jiangzhou hold, and asked into the death, by the Liangshan heroes of the rescue, before it for his life, only At this time, Song Jiang was on the Liangshan.
Song Jiang organized to be good at uniting people, coupled with his reputation on the lakes, before and after a large number of heroes with him up the mountain, expanding the cottage forces to bring a lot to the cottage cause of the prosperity of weather. In the Liangshan rebels under his leadership and command, hit a lot of victory after another, give some serious blow to corrupt officials and punish, and shook the court, these victories are inseparable from the credit and Song Jiang. But because of his deep-rooted concept Chunghsiao, although the contrary, this concept has not made the change, which he later received amnesty Fuseshita opportunity. He kept saying that the emperor after the Liangshan is "holy to that", but "□ minister in power, authoritarian slanderer." He repeated prophecy: "Sung Chiang small can dare to bear the court," "abuse of government officials to force only so. " So he is the "right to shelter by Shuibo", "such as North Korea Tingzhao An professionals." He and the government troops against, always think of how to reserve the point for the future amnesty. Thus, the power of Liangshan rebels more powerful, more prosperous career Liangshan, the more amnesty for the accumulation of capital by Song Jiang. He finally won the Tong Guan in two, three defeated Gao Qiu, playing court after the army defeated the deficit lost, honor and dignity under the amnesty, but the cause of the uprising in Liangshan ruin. Song Jiang after the surrender, and instructions from the order of the court to suppress the Fang La Rebellion, as Lu Xun said: "Robbers hit for the country - do not 'punish you', the robber went." This is the "Water Margin" the most acute criticism, but also reveals the thinking of the serious limitations.
Fire fodder field - From the Ming Yuan infinite Chongzhen Edition of "Tales," illustrated
"Water Margin" book can be divided into two parts before and after the first half to write on the Liangshan heroes have great Ju Yi, playing government troops, by the amnesty. Half of five components, namely, Zheng Liao, Ping Tian Hu, Ping Wang, Ping Fang La, and outcome. One Tian Hu, Wang was later added in two parts, this percentage back to the earlier findings, immediately after the intrinsic Liao Ping Fang La. However, some researchers believe that symptoms may be _insert_ed by Liao, because the first sign something is different from the Liao Fang La by the amnesty of peace, the history without trace. Secondly, peace Tian Hu, Wang, like Zheng Liao Zhongliangshan eight hundred and one no one died. This view is still controversial. From the ideological content, the "Water Margin" is written the first half of the people against rulers, is a reflection of class conflict, the latter half is writing anti □ loyal minister, is a reflection of loyalty within the ruling class □ contradiction. Written by Song Jiang on amnesty, of course, the idea is to show serious limitations, but also reflects the national patriotism, Lu said: "The amnesty is said of them, but thinking of Song to the Yuan Dynasty, because it was social disruption, officers and men repression of civilians, the people of the peace who suffer, not peace for the Pirates who have separated but one Waikou ... ... come in, when men can not resist, because the hatred of alien people, with more than he wanted to resist the officers and men of stealing his . "His statement is justified, the Water Margin is the stories of the time era of sharp ethnic conflicts," Water Margin "Song Jiang, who wrote the second half by the amnesty, and this background are not unrelated. The intrinsic part of the emergence of Liaoning, is the continuation and development of this idea. As for the anti □ loyal minister, and this idea is related. End of the novel written "historian has two sad Tang Wan" Song Jiang and other Liangshan figures, which said: "do not have to seek authentic source, but good people as Buddist hi." "Water Margin" is the author of Song Jiang described as loyal to . 85 assistant minister summon somebody to surrender back to the Liao Ouyang Song Jiang, Wu Song Jiang with the advice: to wealth, the surrender Liao; be loyal and serve the Song Dynasty. Song Jiang said: "As for us the faithful to their country, dying." Where "loyal patriotic" is actually the specific historical conditions of the national position. Song Jiang surrender, the "Water Margin" Heroes always excluded by Zeichen, combat and framed, the last such Zeichen Song Jiang was killed. Such a tragic outcome, for exposing the evil rulers, and the author's warning against it by the amnesty, but also has its positive meaning.
In short, the "Water Margin" artistic image through the performance of "forcing people to rebel" phenomenon, deeply reflect the true nature of history, it represents Liangshanpo finding that great hero of the uprising, a strong impact on the rule of the feudal landlord class, the literature is rare. It describes the Liangshan Yi military post by the amnesty despite the talk about loyalty, playing a foreign enemy, civil strife level, or no place in power those in power, or the tragic in the end, but also to convey a profound lessons of history.
"Water Margin" art features
"Water Margin" with its high degree of artistic expression, vivid rich literary language, described the many fascinating stories, create a large number of cute, heroic image of the personality.
"Water Margin" inheritance and development of the History of ancient Chinese novels and talk about the traditional characteristics. The story of legends, one after another, the ups and downs and unpredictable. The climax of each story, readers are closely chord. Such as "punch the town of Kansai," "outsmart birthday Gang", "Song Jiang Xi kill", "Wu Song Da Hu," "Assault on Yuanyang Building," "Jiangzhou robbery execution ground," "three strikes Zhu Chuang" etc., have been popular for centuries. But "Heroes" is not simply the pursuit of the bizarre story which cater to the masses, but revolves around "a slaughter," the idea, the story and character together. Wu, Lin, Lu Junyi all three martial arts, is the first such Liangshan hero, three are trained official of the trap, be filled through the military, and Wu and Lin, Lu Junyi's performance is different. Lin, Lu Junyi sent in exile by the mercy of the way, swallow, and sometimes sent to beg implore. Both of them are being cheated death tied to a tree down. Wu, in contrast, for the first time Mengzhou exile, but the way the two sent to serve him. En second exile state, sent two of his escort had been bought, together with the two disciples Chiang keeper, conspired to kill him in half way, the murderer of four knife against him a prisoner with a flail, anti- by him to pack up easily. He did not Jiehen, ran back to Mengzhou breath, kill Commissioner Zhang, Zhang and Jiang keeper and other militia, be considered out of a foul smells. Lin, Lu Junyi not the martial arts is not fine, because they one of Beijing's richest man, a coach of Tokyo eight hundred thousand imperial guards are standing there as people who have married, a victim of injustice, just want to serve their sentences expired, re- Zhen Jia-sheng. Both of them who is knowledgeable about the law degree, and illusions, his anger at the Gongren is not made before, and forbearance breath. And Wu, no hostage to fortune, long mountebank, to develop a powerful character, cynical, also fear, coupled with his wronged had been framed, and constantly being plotted against, so revengefulness, means are ruthless. Lin, Lu Junyi, and Wu, the performance of different, but the two of them are somewhat different, the resistance of Lin Lu Junyi was also relatively strong.
Another example is Lu Zhishen, Wu Song, Li Kui and three, they are upright disposition, good fight injustice, defying brute force, not to avoid danger; but they have their own characteristics, Lu Zhishen the officer background, experience deep, rich sense of justice, Tonge social injustice, although he is impetuous, reckless action, but sometimes in struggle wit and very carefully. Punch off the town of West, did not expect him killed three punches, he immediately thought of this legal action in prison, no one single person their meal, so pretend indignant, "pointing to butcher the corpse and said: 'You fraud death, and you slowly Sajia ignored. 'a curse, a march went. "This will get out gone. Great Temple of the farm-in phase, a few calculations Popi to him, deliberately knelt up in the manure pit side does not rise to his suspicion, he came not so Popi upper body, one foot a kick to the pit for the first two years go. All this shows that he is a crude and refined people. Wu strong temperament, good reason to play those unknown people who are not afraid of death. Sometimes behave in action rude arrogant, deliberately stirred up trouble like, such as the tavern keeper to Chiang; sometimes put on a false confusion and paralysis rivals, such as the cross slope on the Sun Erniang. In order to take revenge for his brother, was considered very carefully, starting from the investigation, to kill Sister to extract confessions, to kill Ximen, surrendered to county government, a step by step according to the arrangements he had done. This in turn shows his shenanigans. And Li Kui and the two are very different, honest and straightforward, strong, careless, bold, very loyal to the Liangshan cause, against the strongest Once a war breaks, shirtless extremely brave. He is a real yokel, blindly rash, reckless, there are a bit naive, inquisitive, and often stir up trouble for wins in Jiangzhou fish and Shun-tearing, lured by Shun-water, submerged His eyes get white; to take Gongsun Sheng Jizhou move, the way wine and meat eating by Daizong punishment; ax Lo real, is real punishment to the big prison Jizhou suffering; killed Yantian Xi, implicated Chaijin jail, almost sent lives. On the personality traits of the grasp of the very accurate and detailed. "Water Margin" personality characteristics of these descriptions of heroes, really done without losing the slightest, which has strengthened the image of the moving force.
"Outlaws of the Marsh" is a spoken language based on refined and processed to create a literary language. Their language is characterized by crisp, Xi Lian, accurate and vivid. Whether the description of the language or the language of works of figures, many places are vivid, there is a strong flavor of life. Scenery, tilting, narrative, expression, very clever and vivid. "Water Margin" narrative, good line drawing, simple and bright, without delay clumsy narrative and lengthy description of the complicated landscape. Sometimes paint a portrait of the text, but also very exciting. Wu did not listen to advice, such as restaurants, riding Jiuxing single up the hill, saw a notice on the temple, I discovered that there really is Tiger, and he hesitated a bit, or bite the bullet on the ridge. Here only two sentences of this time off the atmosphere and the mood: "When back at the Rise, gradually falling to the" Wu "stumbling over chaos straight to the woods," wrote the Tiger activities in both the time and wrote the tiger-infested environment. Two words put a desolate atmosphere and mood of terror come clean, people are here and I do not know when it will suddenly jump out of a live tiger. "Water Margin" narrative, terse, just right, but vivid, vivid. "Wu Song Fights the Tiger" is traditionally passed down a good article, written in a very vivid, tiger Competing write, write Tiger a flutter, yixian, a three-cut as the ability Helenians, harmony hills roar of the earthquake, a real tiger to leap off the paper alive. After a fight, the tiger decreasing power and prestige, and finally how the Wu press, how to struggle, how Wu Song killed, written in vivid, very realistic. Through these descriptions will better highlight the hero Wu Song.
"Heroes" character of language characters, to a very high level, not only through the language of the characters personality traits, and its origin, status, and suffered cultural education and the formation of habits of thought sometimes can accurately shown, the so-called "people have their temperament. ... ... people have the sound of mouth." such as Li Kui first met Song Jiang, Dai Zong asked: "brother, who is this black guy?" Daizong blame rude to him, he refused to accept such Daizong presented to him, he said: "Black Song Jiang could there Shandong timely!" how to think his heart his mouth to how to say, he is a yokel, see what polite people do not know how to entertain the matter and not subject to the constraints etiquette He just has big hair on the Liangshan ravings: "rebellion will be afraid of Zende, Chao Gai would be big brother, the Emperor of Song, Song Jiang Xiao Song emperor, his brother would be killed ... ... to Tokyo, and took away the birds bit." Emperor of Song as large and small Song emperors, etc., there is only said Li Kui was obtained, is highly personalized language. Others such as the heart straight impatient Ruan Xiaoqi Wu with resourcefulness, Song Jiang's humble servant, through their dialogue, as heard and all people, as reflected in its people. Lu Xun once said: "" Water Margin "and" Dream of Red Mansions "in some places, is to make the reader see the people come by the talk."
Evaluation】 【industry
Tan the "Water Margin" and "Lament", "Zhuang Zi", "Historical Records", "Du," "The West Chamber" collectively, the "Six Talented Scholars." Feng Meng-long of "Water Margin" and "Three Kingdoms", "Journey to the West", "Golden Lotus" as the "Four Great Masterpieces." And the "Three Kingdoms", "Journey to the West", "Dream of Red Mansions" were out "four famous classical Chinese."
19th century 50's, when the view is held that the "Water Margin" is the description of glorified peasant uprising. This view was all kinds of textbooks, literature, history and the history of fiction held by a mainstream view.
【Number】 characters
According to statistics, the Water Margin characters in the book description, there are 577 identified by name (including the main character 108), no surname is known, 8 bit, name unknown, 99, in the book are referred to but did not play 102, a total of 787.
Synopsis】 【
Song Zhe, the Tokyo called the children of a dissolute Gao Qiu, who played one foot strike, was King Cheoljong brother Duan fancy, become a confidant of Duan. Later, when the Emperor Duan, and this is Huizong, less than half a year, put the house Shuaifu Gao Qiu Qiu upgrade. Gao Qiu took office the first day not yet reached the coach on the remediation of illness Wang Jin, Wang Jin with his mother forced to flee to Tokyo. Wang came to the village of Huayin historian, was the history into the shelter, thanks to the master. Chase after a tight grip because of the high Qiu, Wang Jin Shi Jin went to Yenan had to bid farewell to the government. King inside, Shi Jin and Shan leaders and make a small friend, Huayin magistrate that matter, framed into the history of fornication bandits, Shi Jin Shi Jia Zhuang burned.
After Lu Zhishen away from Mount Wutai, a large phase Temple in Tokyo managed gardens. One day, Lu Zhishen martial arts in the garden, hanging in public uprooted poplar, was accompanied by his wife to see Yue Miao Lin pilgrimage, the two hit it off, sworn brothers. Are happy occasion, the maid to report that his wife was molested. Lin went to Yue Miao, see the son of a dry Gao Gao, Ren Qi had to put him, and bid farewell to Lu Zhishen home.
See the beautiful wife of Gao Lin, Lin's wife bent on seeking accounted for. Chevalier minions offered advice to Gao Qiu, lie with the sword into the Baihu Tang Lin, Lin caught, the crime of assassination made with Cangzhou. Buy Gongren Gao Qiu and sent to kill them Yezhu Lin Lin. Lu Zhishen fortunate to have secret protection, Lin was able to escape. To Cangzhou, Gao Qiu also sent minions fire fodder field, Yu Zhi Lin to death. Intolerable Lin, killing henchmen, Liangshanpo defected to the night.
Wong Yang went to a pedestrian Nigang, Chao Gai posing as traders and other businessmen date, while the Yang men to buy drinks when the mouth, cast a drugged, drug them faint, stole a birthday Gang. Yang woke up and found that birth classes were robbed, that catastrophe, he went to Green Island Erlongshan done robber. Liang Zhongshu told Caijing Sheng Chen Gang robbery, CAI ordered to arrest the culprits economic state capital. He Tao Yin send economic state capital charge of the case, the investigation is known as the Chao Gai et al, He Tao, Chao Gai bring people to the Yuncheng arrest. Song Jiang is the Chao Gai County Yasi friends to Chao Gai immediately after hearing the news to report. Chao Gai burned his own manor. He Tao defeated, led all defected Liangshanpo.
Wu recovered, to find his brother Wu Dalang Farewell Song Jiang. Wu Song killed a tiger when passing Jingyang Gang, was appointed to the infantry Yanggu head magistrate. One day, Wu met his brother in Yanggu county. Wu Dalang very happy, Wu cited the home. See Wu Pan wife looks burly, sudden and devastating evil, deliberately luring by Wu Songshen exclusion.
Come to vote Liangshanpo of Yang Xiong, Shi Xiu, when the hotel moved to be ordained Chuang bullying, the two sides are at war, when the move caught. Move to save time, Chao Gai and Song Jiang Fabing 3 times against Happy Lodge, and wipe out the wish Chuang, Chuang Zhu near alliance lijiazhuang, Hu Chuang Liangshanpo have surrendered. Liangshanpo Wal-Mart gone, four heroes have defected.
Soon, Li Kui went to Chai Jin Chuang on down, are met Chai Jin received a letter from his uncle, uncles, brothers, said Gao Qiu Yan Tianxi high cheaper Qijiu garden to seize Chai. So Chaijin rushed Gao Tangzhou with Li Kui, see the garden has been taken away, Li Kui row Gaotang Zhou, killing Yantian Xi. Prefect of soldiers on the capture of high-Lian, Chai Jin captured, Chai Jinshu parent had their homes searched. Li Kui fled cottage messenger, Song Jiang Chao Gai led the 22 chieftains that attack Gaotang Zhou, killing the high-Lian, saved Chaijin.
Gao Qiu Qiu Zhao Tingpai to Jiaobu, Gao Qiu Hu Yanzhuo attack that Liangshanpo. Hu Yanzhuo played by Song Jiang army defeated and fled to Green Island, went for the attack on Peach Mountain Murong prefect, Erlongshan, White Tiger Hill, the rebels force. Lu Zhishen aggregate three mountain troops, to Liangshanpo help. Three Mountain Rebel Song Jiang led his army to attack the common Qingzhou, Hu Yanzhuo surrender, Murong prefect was killed along with three mountain chieftains defected to the Liangshanpo.
Soon, CAI also sent a single-Ting Gui, Wei Dingguo Liangshanpo attack, are being defeated. Song Jiang and Lu Junyi was the first city to join to lead the troops to attack, kill family had five in the back to pay homage to Chao Gai Spirit Mountain. Break followed up a victory for the East level, Fairmont II Prefecture, army triumphant. At this point, Liangshanpo size of the chieftains just 108, the time when Hong Taiwei together let go of the devil by the number. Loyalty Hall crowd gathered, Song Jiang sat first chair, erected the "behalf of Heaven," the Xing Huangqi.
Liangshanpo the growth, shocked the government and top to bottom. Qiu Shanbao Huizong sent to the amnesty before the house, took the amnesty edict Li Kui, a tear to pieces. Liangshanpo court also sent Tong Guan attack. Cottage House of Flying Daggers, the two attacks thwarted Tong Guan. Tong Guan fled back to Tokyo, Gao Qiu and dispatch troops to attack Liangshanpo ten Jie Du. Third defeat Gao Qiu Song Jiang and his capture of the mountain, courtesy, to desire toward Tingzhao An Gao Qiu was intended to convey. Gao Qiu to go after Yan Qing Song Jiang also sent to Tokyo, Yan Qing Li Shishi obtained by Huizong even ordered, a few days, before the house up the hill to King Yuan Su Qiu read the edict, Song Jiang led the mountains hero accepted the amnesty, name "Heaven", "protect the country" banner, to Tokyo to accept Huizong review.
After receiving amnesty Rebel Liangshanpo are case Liaobing violations, Song Jiang Liao Shou Zhao broken. So army north, capture Tanzhou, back Jizhou, outsmart Bazhou, occupation Youzhou, Bing Wei Yanjing, Liao Lord, confessing his sin to surrender. Song Jiang return after victory to return, in accordance with Huizong will, will still be returned to the counties won the Liao state.
【Information】 Television
【Name】 Chinese Drama: Outlaws of the Marsh (Shandong Edition)
】 【Episode: 40
】 【Year: 1980
【Format】: RMVB
【Language】: Mandarin
【Subtitles】: Chinese
Directed by: Chen Min Liu Liu Liu Ziyun
【Cast】:
Shou-Jin - Lu Zhishen
Zhu Yanping - Wu
Dongzi Wu - Li Kui
Bao Guoan - Song Jiang
Peng Yam Thai - Chao Gai
TV series "Water Margin" CCTV Edition forty-three episode
TV series "Water Margin" According to the Shinai creation, named Luo Guanzhong adaptation of the same name, Classical Literature.
【Top】 characters
Liangshan Tiangang Xing thirty-six:
Paul Yi Song Jiang Hu Kuixing days, Tiangang Xing Yu Lu Junyi unicorn,
Mastermind Wu used the secret stars, stars into the busy days Gongsun Sheng Yunlong,
Guan Sheng Yong Star sword day, Tianxiong Star leopard head Lin,
Tin Star Thunderbolt Meng Qin, Tianwei Star Shuangbian Hu Yanzhuo,
Days of the British Star Guang Hua-Rong, the day of your whirlwind Chaijin Star,
Star-bashing days of carving Tin Fu Li Ying, Tin Man Star Meiran Gong Zhu Tong,
Lone Star Monk Lu Zhishen day, day injured stars monk Wu,
Tianli Star Shuangqiang Jiang Ping Dong, Yu Jian, Chang Ching-day Jetstar did not,
Yang Xing Qing Tian An animal side, God Save the Gold Star gunmen Xu Ning,
Super Star Sky cable pioneer, the day Star News Attack Daizong speed,
Day ghost FUJIAN AGRICULTURE alien red hair, damn Star Black Tornado Li Kui,
MSI patterns in nine days into the history, study days, no masking Star Mu Hong,
Star winged tiger Leiheng days back, the day mixed Martial birthday Li Jun,
Sword Tai Sui Ruan Xiaoer Star site, the day the fire went so far as child stars Chuan Zhang Heng,
Days of short-lived stars Jiro Ruanxiao Wu crime, day loss in the white waves jump Shun-Star,
Days lost star Huoyan Luo Ruan Xiaoqi, Tianlao spot Guansuo Yang Xiong,
Shi Xiu comet workaholic days, two days of violent star Jennifer snake solution,
Tin Star tailed scorpion solution cry Po, Tin Yan Qing Qiao Xing prodigal son.
Liangshan to Fiends seventy-two:
Wu Zhu Kuixing military advisor to God Machine, in Iron Phoenix Hill Town, yellow letters,
SUN Yong scab to Watson, to Jie Xing ugly Junmaxuanzan,
Well male star to jail Haosi Wen wood, to Super Star Yum will Hulme,
Eye to the British star will Peng Qi, Qi Xing holy water to a single-Ting Gui,
To Meng Wei Dingguo Star Lightning will, to let Xiao Wen Star Shengshoushusheng,
To face head Peixuan iron is Star, in broad wings of gold star Mo Yun Peng Ou,
Spark eyes to whole family Suan Ni Cheng Fei, Xing Jin Mao Huyan to strong cis
Jin Yang Lin leopard to Dark Star, Star Lethal Lei Lingzhen axis,
To be sub-Chiang Fortune Star King, to Junior Star Swinhoe Lui Fong,
REN GUI to Yu Guo Sheng-Star Game, Star of Hope On Road geniuses who all,
To purple bearded beast star Peter Huangfu side, to MSI Dwarf Tiger Wang Ying,
Yi Zhang Qing Hu San Niang to the comet, to storm Star Sangmen God Bao Xu,
To natural star Hunshimowang Fanrui, to wild feather star star Ming,
Kong Liang mad star alone to Mars, flying stars, eight arms to charge items that readers,
Flying Monkey King to take the Star Li Gun, to Qiao Xing Jin Dajian Yubi Carpenter,
Star Iron Flute cents to Ma Lin, ground into the star hole Jiao Tong Wei,
To return child star turned mirage Jiang Meng, streamers all over the pole star Jade Meng Kang,
Ape arms to then sung Hou Jian, Zhou Xing jump to Tiger Chen Jian Da,
To hidden star nosed pit viper YANG, to alien flour Musical Zheng Tianshou,
Geographic Star Turtle Taozong Wang, Chun-sing to iron fan Song Qing,
Called the sub-iron to music stars and music, to take items Jetstar Gong Wang Fu,
Tigers star in the Arrow ground speed Ding Hudson, the town of Star masking Mu Chun,
Cao Zheng Ji Xing surgeon to ghosts, real magic nebula King Kong Song million
Yao Xing Du moved to touch the sky, to secluded spot Beast Xue Yongxin,
To V Star Shi En, to secluded Star Tiger to Li Zhong,
To empty Star bully weeks pass, to Lone Star leopard sub-Tang Long,
Land faces child Duchenne All-Star, to sing a short-Yuan Lin Long Zou,
Long horn to horn star Chow Yun, to ignore laws Zhu Gui dry prisoners sing,
To possession of the rich Star Xiaomian Hu Zhu, Star Iron Bibo Caifu horizon,
To loss of Star flower CAI, slaves sing persistently urge judge to Li Li,
Blue tiger eye to detect star Li Yun, to the evil face of coke did not quite sing,
Ugly rock stars to General Shi Yong, a small number of stars in the new Watson Sun,
Yin Gu Star Mother to Aunt Beast, vegetable garden to criminal star Zhang Qing,
To strong star dominatrix Sun Erniang, to bad flash po stars live the king _set_ VI
Star Health Insurance Road to God Yu Paul IV, to consumption of rat Baisheng Star day,
When the flea to move the drum falling star, golden dog to the dog section of Star King live.
A total of 108.
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