中国哲学名词 : 佛教用语 : 佛教教义 : 冶金 : 木字部 : 木部 > 
目录
··简单解释·详细解释
·更多简解·更多详解·康熙字典
·说文解字·作品: 《根 Roots: The Saga of an American Family》·阅读《根 Roots: The Saga of an American Family》
·No. 9·No. 10·字典中的“根” Dictionary, the "root"
·植物中的“根” Plants in the "root"·文学中的“根” Literature in the "root"·化学中的“根” Chemistry in the "root"
·数学中的“根” Mathematics in the "root"·火影忍者“根” Naruto "root"·佛教百科 Buddhist Encyclopedia
·佛教百科 Buddhist Encyclopedia·英文解释·近义词
·相关词·包含词·更多结果...
繁异体:  (???? ????)拼音: gēn部首: 
 
总笔画: 10部外笔画: 6UTF-8: E6 A0 B9
 
UTF-16: 6839UTF-32: 00006839GB 2312: 2489
 
GB 12345: 2489Big 5: AEDA仓颉: DAV
 
四角码: 4793.2一字全码: gen1mugen一字双码: gemuge
 
一字单码: gmg汉字结构: 左(中)右汉字层次: 5
 
笔画: 一丨丿㇏????一一????丿㇏笔顺编号: 1234511534笔顺读写: 横竖撇捺折横横折撇捺
 
他人笔顺: 1234511534
 
部件组构: 木(十(一丨)八(丿㇏))艮(彐(????二(一一))????丿㇏)
 
简单解释
植物根茎
  
  gēn
  高等植物茎干下部长在土里的部分:植。茎。瘤。毛。雕。须。块。扎。叶落归
  物体的基部和其他东西连着的部分:底。基。墙儿。
  事物的本源:源。由。本。知知底。
  彻底:除。究。治。
  依据,作为本:椐。
  量词,指长条的东西:两筷子。
  数学上称一数开平方所得的值为“平方”,开立方所得的值为“立方”。
  数学上指代数方程式内未知数的值。
  化学上指带电的基:氨。硫酸
  
  笔画数:10;
  部首:木;
  笔顺编号:1234511534


  Stems of higher plants under root gēn Minister in the earth part: rooted. Roots. Nodules. Root hairs. Root carving. Fibrous roots. Roots. Roots. Returning to their roots. Objects attached to the base and some other things: foundation. Foundation. Foot of children. The origin of things: roots. Root cause. Fundamental. Know too much. Completely: the eradication. Final. Radical. Basis, as the fundamental: As noted. Quantifiers, something that long: two chopsticks. Said a number of mathematical square root from the value of "square root" of cubic income is "cube root." Algebraic equations in mathematics refers to the value of the unknown. Charged based on the means of chemical: ammonia root. Sulfate. Stroke: 10; radicals: wood; stroke order code: 1234511534
详细解释
  
  gēn
  【名】
  (形声。从木,艮(gèn)声。本义:草木之)
  植物生长于土中或水中吸收营养的部分〖root〗
  ,木株也。——《说文》
  蔓,直为柢。——《说文通训定声》
  深,则视久。——《韩非子·解老》
  是谓深、固柢。——《老子》
  有株于下,有荣叶于上。——《论衡·超奇》
  其无宿者,候苗成而未有花时采,则生已足而又未衰。——宋·沈括《梦溪笔谈》
  斯亦伐以求木茂,塞源而欲流长也。——唐·魏征《谏太宗十思疏》
  又如:荄(。荄:草;又指本,源);茇(植物的部);柢(草木的);垓(核。植物的;植)
  事物的本源,由,依据〖origin;source;cause;root〗
  ,始也。——《广雅·释诂一》
  者,书之所谓柢也。——《韩非子·解老》
  万物有所生,而独知守其。——《淮南子·原道》
  盖志士仁人所为心者也。——《后汉书·宋弘传》
  然病之生也,有有柢。——陈亮《与彭子寿祭酒》
  近岁市人转相摹刻诸子百家之书,……其文词学术当倍蓰于昔人,而后生科举之士,皆束书不观,游谈无,此又何也?——宋·苏轼《李君山房记》
  又如:祸(祸事的源;引起灾祸的人或事物);浅门微(基浅,门第低微);儿(本);气(基。指禀赋、气质);儿里(本;本来);苗(兆头,开头)
  物体的下部,基部〖base;foot〗
  满庭田地湿,荠叶生墙。——唐·白居易《早春》
  又如:下(物体的基附近);墙;堤;前(跟前)
  痼疾〖chronicillness〗
  自去夏侵暑,入此秋变,头齿眩疼,痼渐剧。——《宋书·颜延之传·自陈表》
  又如:疵(痼疾)
  佛学名词。佛家能产生感觉、善恶观念的机体或精神力量〖nature〗。如:器(佛教以木比喻天性叫做“”。能雕刻叫做“器”,泛指禀赋);力(指五和五力);门(六漏出种种烦恼,进入种种妄尘的门户,故称为“门”);缘(人的性与境遇的缘务)
  数学名词。代数方程中未知数的值,或称代数方程式的解;方的简称〖root〗
  化学名词。即带电的基〖radical〗。如:硫酸;氨
  延续后代的子孙〖offspring〗
  夏堪……零陵太守之嗣也。——《相府小史夏堪碑》
  又如:嗣(长子);谱(犹族史);祖(祖宗)
  
  
  gēn
  【动】?
  植〖root〗
  半生无着,飘转如断梗。——金·元好问《出京》诗
  又如:着(植于地)
  杜绝;除〖eradicate〗
  若攻之不,是养疾疴于心腹也。——《后汉书·西羌传论》
  又如:
  究;追究〖pursue〗
  其己为民间侵耕地土,更不究,盖以本议欲以见在牧地,给与民耕,岂可却究己耕之地,重为搔扰。——宋·欧阳修《论牧马草地剳子》
  又如:勘(彻底查究);究着实(追究底,打听清楚);刷(刮,彻底清查;彻底搜求);穷(彻底追查)
  通“跟”〖follow〗。如:寻(跟踪查找);捕(跟踪缉捕);索(跟踪,搜求或追查)
  
  gēn
  【量】
  用于条形物〖piece〗。如:一竹竿;三电线杆
  具有适合一定目的的长度、强度或结构的线、纱、带、绳、金属丝或电缆的数目〖strand〗。如:一带刺的铁丝网线也没有
  
  
  gēnběn
  〖root〗比喻事物的本源、
  两种教义在本上是一致的
  水、土是农业的
  他们的思想,从本上说,并没有超出宋儒理学。——《事事关心》
  
  gēnběn
  〖basic;fundamental〗基础或本质
  本原因
  本的基础学科,就是研究物质运动基本规律的物理,加上作科学技术工具的数学。——《现代自然科学中的基础学科》
  
  gēnběn
  〖atall〗∶完全
  我本就不赞成你的主张
  〖simply〗∶简直;从来
  奴隶主本不把奴隶当人看待
  这种事我本没干过
  〖thoroughly〗∶彻底
  必须本改变这里的落后面貌
  
  gēnbù
  〖rootage〗∶充分发育了的系统;牢固的生
  〖rootsegment〗∶覆盖结构程序的主段或控制段。一般总是常驻在计算机主存储器内——亦称“基段”
  〖root〗∶使器官或生理结构附于身体的那个部分
  
  gēnchā
  〖rootcutting〗某些植物的繁殖方法,把它们的切成几段插入或埋入泥土中,就能长成几株独立植物体。如蒲公英
  
  gēnchú
  〖rootout;remove;eliminate;eradicate〗彻底消灭
  用飞机喷药除麦田杂草和病虫害
  除隐患
  
  gēndǐ
  〖foundation;basis〗∶事物赖以建立的基础;事物得以成立或受到支持的
  墙上芦苇,头重脚轻底浅
  他的英文底不错
  〖background〗∶底细
  你了解这人的底吗?
  追问
  
  gēndì
  〖rootandbase〗∶植株的和蒂
  〖cause〗∶事物发展的本或初始点;
  人生无蒂,飘如陌上尘。——晋·陶渊明《杂诗》八首之一
  
  gēndiāo
  〖rootcarving〗以树为材料进行雕刻的艺术,也指用树雕刻成的工艺品
  
  gēnduān
  〖butt〗
  植物的端部,须由此伸出(如树干底部);木材的大头
  木条、片、杆、板或瓦的厚的一端
  梯子的沉重的一端或底端
  主茎或细枝与开花一端相对的一端
  芦笋的
  
  gēngù
  〖roothold〗植物通过生长和分布固定在土壤里
  
  gēnhào
  〖radicalsign〗∶置于某一表示式之前的记号,表示要对此表示式取平方(如a,a+b,2),如在此记号前再加一个指标,则表示要取另一个相应的(如加指标3便表示取立方)
  〖radical〗∶数学上一种的表示式
  
  gēnjī
  〖foundation;basis〗基础
  恪新秉国政,而内无其主,不念抚恤上下以立基,竞于外事,虐用其民,……其恪获罪之日也。——《三国志·魏志·邓艾传》
  房屋的基一定要打好
  基差
  也喻指家底
  这家工厂基薄,资金周转十分困难
  
  gēnjiao
  〖root;foundation〗∶植物或建筑物的
  这座房子的脚很牢靠
  〖theinsandouts(ofamatter)〗∶底细;出身
  你须身姓刘,你妻须姓吕。把你两家儿脚从头数。——《哨遍·高祖还乡》
  
  gēnjīng
  〖root-stock;rhizome〗植物地下茎的一种,一般呈长形,横着生长在地下,外形像,有节,没有冠而有顶芽。如莲、芦苇等的地下茎
  
  gēnjiū
  〖makeathoroughinvestigationof;gottothebottomof〗寻穷究,追问到底
  究真相
  华大妈看他儿子和别人的坟,……便觉得心里忽然感到一种不足和空虚,不愿意究。——鲁迅《药》
  
  gēnjù
  〖foundation〗∶盘据。如树木的扎深固
  据盘互,纵恣日甚。——《三国志》
  〖ground〗∶认识、信念、判决的依据
  说话要有
  
  gēnjù
  〖onthebasisof;accordingto〗把某种事物作为语言行动或得出结论的前提;按照
  我们还可以据云上的光彩现象,推测天气的情况。——《看云识天气》
  
  gēnjué
  〖eradicate〗
  连拔起(如杂草)
  抛弃(不需要的东西);彻底消灭
  
  gēnliú
  〖rootnodule〗在植物系上生长的特殊的瘤,因寄生组织中建成共生的固氮细菌而形成
  瘤菌
  gēnliújūn
  〖rootnodulebacteria〗一种细菌,能使豆科植物的部形成瘤,制造含氮的化合物,供植物利用。如花生瘤菌、大豆瘤菌等。农业上用瘤菌拌种,使作物增产
  
  gēnmàn
  〖cause〗植物的和茎,比喻某事发生的
  
  gēnmiáo
  〖rootandshoot〗∶植物的和最初破土长出的部分
  〖source〗∶事物的源、由来
  从理论上铲除极端民主化的
  〖offspring〗∶指传宗接代的子孙
  他可是李家唯一的后代苗,父母视为掌上明珠
  皮,
  gēnpí,gēnbèi
  〖velamen〗兰花气的多层木栓样上皮覆盖,呈白色或绿色,由排列紧密的死细胞组成,能从大气中吸收水分
  深蒂固
  gēnshēn-dìgù
  〖fast;firm;durable〗∶基牢固,不可动摇
  银杏树深蒂固,抗风力很强,是扩大绿化面积、治理山河的优良树种
  〖inveterate;deepseated〗∶已变成性格的中心,难于或不能改变、减少或消灭
  深蒂固的恶习
  他这种轻视群众的错误观念,为什么会如此深蒂固呢?
  深叶茂
  gēnshēn-yèmào
  〖Deeprootsgiverisetoflourshingleaves〗树扎得深,枝叶就繁茂旺盛。比喻事物只要基厚实,就会有广阔的发展前景
  
  gēnshì
  〖radicalexpression〗一种含号的数学表示式
  
  gēnxì
  〖rootsystem〗∶指植物的主和所有侧,一般分为须系和直系两类
  〖offspringsystem〗∶同祖的系统
  
  gēnyá
  〖budgrownfromtheroot〗从植物的上长出来的幼芽。芽出土后,经过移植,可以成为独立的植物体
  
  gēnyóu
  〖cause;origin〗源。原因
  追问
  他他他,怀着几年的怨恨,倚着盖世的才名,来寻问俺往日的由。——《元曲选·郑廷玉·楚昭公》
  
  gēnyuán
  〖root〗∶使事物发生的本原因
  犯错误的
  〖risefrom;originatefrom〗∶起源(于);发生(于)
  经济危机源于资本主义制度
  
  gēnzhí
  〖root;cause;source〗代替方程式中的未知数而解出方程式的那个值
  指数
  gēnzhǐshù
  〖indexofaradical〗记在号左上角以指明开方次数的数
  
  gēnzhū
  〖stool〗
  同茎的一枝或一群树干,尤指与吸或水发芽有关的枝干
  植物的和主干部分
  壮叶茂
  gēnzhuàng-yèmào
  〖therootisstrongandleavesaremany〗树的部壮大粗实,枝叶就繁茂旺盛。比喻基坚牢,发展前景就不可限量
  但能养精神,调元气,吞津液,液精内固,乃生荣华,喻树壮叶茂,开花结实,胞孕佳味,异殊常品。——《应笈七签》
  
  gēnzhì
  〖radicalcure;cureoncefor〗∶彻底治好(指灾害,疾病)
  治切除术
  治黄河
  〖traceandtry〗∶也指彻底追究审理
  伏望圣慈,尽将台谏官章疏降付有司,令尽理治,依法施行。——宋·苏轼《乞将章疏降付有司剳子》
  
  gēnzi
  〖root;source;origin〗事物的本原,


  Root
  gēn
  【Name】
  (Phonetic. From wood, Burgundy (gèn) sound. Original meaning: grass roots)
  Plants grown in soil or water absorption of some nutrients〗 〖root
  Root, wood plants as well. - "Said the text"
  Man-root is the root, taproot to analysis. - "Said Wen Tong training _set_ sound"
  Deep-rooted, then, as a long time. - "Han Fei old solution"
  Is that the deep roots, solid analysis. - "I"
  Rooted plants in the next, there are leaves on the wing. - "Lun Heng Chao Qi"
  The non-perennial who has not spent waiting when the seedlings into the mining, then the root is enough but not bad. - Song Shen Kuo, "Meng Xi Bi Tan"
  Adams also stump of wood in order to Mao, who intends to plug the source stream are long. - Tang Wei Zheng "admonish Taizong ten think Shu"
  Another example: root roots of plant (roots. Roots of plant: roots; also said that the fundamental root causes); root longum (roots of plants); foundation in (grass roots); root boundary (the root core. The roots; rooted)
  The origin of things, root cause, according to 〖origin; source; cause; root〗
  Root, the starting point. - "Ya-Guang Gu release a"
  Roots are, the book is also the so-called analysis. - "Han Fei old solution"
  Everything has to live, and keep the roots alone knows. - "Huai Tao"
  Cover with high ideals of the heart are also the root. - "Spreading the Later Han Song"
  However, students are also disease, being rooted and analysis. - Chen Liang "and Peng Zishou libation"
  Nearly year-old city man turns phase inscription philosophers of the book, ... ... the word academic paper on the Xiren when times Xi, then examination of students with disabilities, the book is not all beam concept, travel about without roots, how can this? - Su Song, "Li Jun Shan Fang Ji"
  Another example: the seeds (the source of calamity; caused by evil people or things); the door slightly shallow roots (roots shallow, the first door low); stalk (basic); root gas (foundation. Refers to the endowment, temperament); stalk in (do; originally); rooted (sign, at the beginning)
  The lower part of the object, base 〖base; foot〗
  Summary report wet field, water chestnut leaves foot of the wall of Health. - Tang Bai "Early Spring"
  Another example: the root (near the foundation of the object); foot of the wall; dike root; root before (front)
  Chronic〗 〖chronicillness
  Since the invasion last summer summer, fall into this change, the first tooth dizzy pain, root inveterate gradually drama. - "Song Chen Yan Yan Chuan from the table"
  Another example: the root defects (chronic)
  Buddhist terms. Buddhism can produce feelings, good and evil ideas of the body or the spiritual force〗 〖nature. Such as: root device (the Buddhist metaphor of nature, the wood is called "root." Root carving called "control" generally refers to endowment); root edge (of five and five power); root of the door (six leaking all sorts of worries, jump into the various Dust portal, so called "root Gate"); root edge (and the situation of human root edge of service)
  Mathematical terms. Algebraic equations in unknown values, or the solution of algebraic equations; root root〗 〖short
  Chemical terms. The base is charged〗 〖radical. Such as: sulfate; ammonia root
  Continuation of the sons of future offspring〗 〖
  Xia Lingling Prefecture worthy ... ... the root of Si also. - "A Short History of Xiangfu monument worthy of the summer"
  Another example: the root heir (eldest son); root spectrum (Utah family history); ancestral roots (ancestors)
  Root
  gēn
  【Activity】?
  〗 〖Root root
  A half-rootless, floating transfer, such as broken stems. - Gold Yuan, "the Beijing" Poetry
  Another example: the root with (rooted in the ground)
  Stop; eradicate eradicate〗 〖
  If the attack is not the root, is the sick ills in the confidant as well. - "Biography of the Later Han Xiqiang"
  Another example: Roots
  After all; held pursue〗 〖
  The soil has been cultivated for civil transgression, much less final, trying to use cover to see this proposal in the pasture to give the people farming, how can they have cultivated the final analysis, the weight of harassment. - Song Xiu "On the Wrangler lawn Da Zi"
  Another example: the root survey (complete inquiries); final really (get to the bottom, find out about); root brush (root scraping, a thorough inventory; thoroughly for hidden); root poor (complete track)
  Links "with the" follow〗 〖. Such as: root search (search track); root catch (tracking arrest); root index (track, for hidden or tracing)
  Root
  gēn
  【Content】
  〗 〖Piece for the bar thing. Such as: a bamboo pole; three poles
  For a certain length with the purpose, strength or structure of the line, yarn, tape, rope, wire or cable, the number of〗 〖strand. Such as: a line of barbed wire and no
  Fundamental
  gēnběn
  〗 〖Root metaphor of the origin of things, the foundation
  Two doctrines are fundamentally the same
  Water, soil is the fundamental agricultural
  Their thoughts, fundamentally speaking, does not exceed the Song of Science. - "Every concern"
  Fundamental
  gēnběn
  〖Basic; fundamental basis or nature of〗
  Root cause
  Fundamental basic science is to study the basic laws of motion of matter physics, coupled with the mathematical tools for science and technology. - "The foundation of modern natural science disciplines"
  Fundamental
  gēnběn
  〗 〖Atall: complete
  I did not agree with your ideas
  〗 〖Simply: just; never
  Slave owners did not take slaves as human beings
  I had not done such a thing
  〗 〖Thoroughly: thoroughly
  There must be fundamental change in the backward
  Root
  gēnbù
  〗 〖Rootage: a fully developed root system; solid rooting
  〗 〖Rootsegment: structure of the program covers the main section or the control section. Permanent General is always the main memory in the computer - also known as "the foundation of paragraph"
  〗 〖Root: the organ or physiological structure attached to that part of the body
  Root cuttings
  gēnchā
  〗 〖Rootcutting propagation of certain plants, root them into paragraphs _insert_ed or buried in the soil, several strains able to grow into independent plants. Such as dandelion
  Eradicate
  gēnchú
  〖Rootout; remove; eliminate; eradicate eradicate〗
  Aircraft spraying weed and pest eradication
  Eradicate hidden dangers
  Foundation
  gēndǐ
  〖Foundation; basis〗: the basis upon which to build things; things to be supported in accordance with established or
  Reed walls, top-heavy shallow foundation
  He's a good foundation in English
  〗 〖Background: bottom line
  You know this man's foundation it?
  Asked foundation
  Pedicle
  gēndì
  〗 〖Rootandbase: plant roots and pedicle
  〗 〖Cause: the development of the fundamental things or the initial point; root cause
  A life without a pedicle, such as Mo floating dust. - Jin Tao "Miscellaneous Poems," one of eight
  Root Carving
  gēndiāo
  〗 〖Rootcarving roots for the material to the art of carving, but also refers to the roots of art carved
  Root end
  gēnduān
  〗 〖Butt
  End of the plant, which roots out (such as the base of the tree); bulk timber
  Wood, sheets, rods, plates or tiles of the thick end of the
  One end of the ladder or the bottom of the heavy
  Blossom end of the main stem or twig with one end of the relative
  Asparagus root end
  Solid Roots
  gēngù
  〗 〖Roothold root growth and distribution of plants through fixed in the soil
  Radical
  gēnhào
  〗 〖Radicalsign: put a mark before the expression, that expression to take the square root of this (such as a, a + b, 2), if coupled with a target before this token, then take another corresponding to root (such as adding index access will mean that the cube root of 3)
  〗 〖Radical: a mathematical expression for the root
  Foundation
  gēnjī
  〖Foundation; basis based〗
  New Bingguo Zheng Ke, which is no the Lord, do not read from top to bottom in order to establish the foundation of pension, competing in foreign affairs, child with its people, ... ... the day that the Ke convicted. - "Three Kingdoms Wei Zhi Deng Ai Biography"
  We must lay the foundations of houses
  Poor foundation
  Also a metaphor for family property
  The plant roots thin, very difficult cash flow
  Root feet
  gēnjiao
  〖Root; foundation〗: plant or building foundation
  The house is very solid foot root
  〖Theinsandouts (ofamatter)〗: bottom line; origin
  You have to body surnamed Liu, you must name his wife Lu. The root of your two children a few feet from the ground. - "Post over the emperor Return of the Native"
  Rhizome
  gēnjīng
  〖Root-stock; rhizome〗 underground stem of a plant, generally elongated, sideways growth in the ground, looks like a root, and with restraint, not shoot while the terminal bud. Such as the lotus, reed rhizome, etc.
  Final
  gēnjiū
  〖Makeathoroughinvestigationof; gottothebottomof〗 roots read all the documents, ask in the end
  After all the truth
  Mother of China and others to see the grave of his son, ... ... suddenly felt a heart will feel inadequate and empty, do not want final. - Lu Xun's "Medicine"
  According to
  gēnjù
  〗 〖Foundation: drive data. Deep-rooted trees such as solid
  According to drive each other, even on vertical pleases. - "Three Kingdoms"
  〗 〖Ground: understanding, beliefs, judgments based on
  Words must be based on
  According to
  gēnjù
  〖Onthebasisof; accordingto〗 the language of action or a thing as a prerequisite for drawing conclusions; in accordance with the
  We can also cloud the glory phenomenon, suggesting that the weather situation. - "Clouds know the weather"
  Eradicate
  gēnjué
  〗 〖Eradicate
  Uprooted (eg weeds)
  Discard (do not need anything); complete elimination
  Nodule
  gēnliú
  〗 〖Rootnodule growth in plant roots on the special tumor tissues by parasitic bacteria into the formation of symbiotic nitrogen fixation
  Rhizobium
  gēnliújūn
  〗 〖Rootnodulebacteria a bacterium, enabling the formation of root nodules of leguminous plants, manufacture of nitrogen compounds for plant use. Such as peanut rhizobia, Rhizobium japonicum and so on. Rhizobia seed dressing with agriculture, the crop yield
  Root Man
  gēnmàn
  〗 〖Cause the roots and stems of plants, the root metaphor for something to happen
  Rooted
  gēnmiáo
  〗 〖Rootandshoot: plant roots and grow some of the initial ground-breaking
  〗 〖Source: the source of things, the origin
  Eradicate extreme theory of democratization in the ROC
  〗 〖Offspring: refers to the descendants of the family line
  However, the only offspring of his rooted Lee, daughter of the parents as
  Root bark, roots were
  gēnpí, gēnbèi
  〗 〖Velamen orchid aerial roots of the multi-cork-like epithelial covering, white or green, from the death of tightly packed cells, absorb moisture from the atmosphere
  Deep-rooted
  gēnshēn-dìgù
  〖Fast; firm; durable〗: the foundation of a solid, unshakable
  Ginkgo tree deep-rooted, very strong wind, is to expand the green areas, good governance trees mountains and rivers
  〖Inveterate; deepseated〗: has become a central character, it is difficult or can not change, reduce or eliminate
  Deep-rooted bad habits
  He despised the people the misconception that, why would so deep it?
  Deeply rooted
  gēnshēn-yèmào
  〗 〖Deeprootsgiveri_set_oflourshingleaves roots strike a deep, lush foliage on strong. Thick of things as long as the foundation of metaphor, there will be a bright future
  Radical expression
  gēnshì
  〗 〖Radicalexpression a root containing a mathematical expression
  Root
  gēnxì
  〗 〖Rootsystem: a plant's root and all the lateral roots and be generally divided into two types of direct root
  〗 〖Offspringsystem: the system with the ancestors
  Root to shoot
  gēnyá
  〗 〖Budgrownfromtheroot plant roots from the shoots grow. Root to shoot unearthed, after transplantation, can become an independent plant
  Root cause
  gēnyóu
  〖Cause; origin〗 roots. Reason
  Asked the root causes of
  He he he, With years of bitterness, leaning against unrivaled Cai Ming, from either the past I asked the root. - "Yuan election Zhengting Yu Chu Zhaogong"
  Source
  gēnyuán
  〗 〖Root: the root causes to make things happen
  The root causes of mistakes
  〖Risefrom; originatefrom〗: Origins (in); occurred (in)
  Economic crisis rooted in the capitalist system
  Root value
  gēnzhí
  〖Root; cause; source〗 equation instead of unknowns and solve for that value equation
  Root Index
  gēnzhǐshù
  〗 〖Indexofaradical recorded in the root of the number of upper-left corner to indicate the number of prescribing
  Root strain
  gēnzhū
  〗 〖Stool
  Or a group with roots of a tree trunk, especially with suckers sprouting on the branches or water
  Part of plant roots and trunk
  Root Zhuang Ye Mao
  gēnzhuàng-yèmào
  〗 〖Therootisstrongandleavesaremany thick solid growth of tree roots, lush foliage on strong. Yu Genji fastness than the development prospects for unlimited
  But it can raise the spirit, tone strength, swallowing saliva, fluid within the solid fine, is raw glory, Yu Zhuang Ye Mao roots, flowering and fruiting, cell pregnant good taste, often different special items. - "Sign should be Ji Qi"
  Radical
  gēnzhì
  〖Radicalcure; cureoncefor〗: completely cured (refer to disasters, disease)
  Radical resection
  Radical of the Yellow River
  〗 〖Traceandtry: also referred for further investigation hearing
  V Holy look kind and make the down payment Yousi Taiwan Advisors Zhang Shu, so to make reasonable cure, according to the law implementation. - Song Su "beg to pay down Yousi Da Zhang Shu Zi"
  Root
  gēnzi
  〖Root; source; origin〗 primitive things, causes
更多简解
  
  (形声。从木,艮声。本义草木之)
  植物生长于土中或水中吸收营养的部分
  ,木株也。--《说文》
  蔓,直为柢。--《说文通训定声》
  深,则视久。--《韩非子·解老》
  是谓深、固柢。--《老子》
  有株于下,有荣叶于上。--《论衡·超奇》
  其无宿者,候苗成而未有花时采,则生已足而又未衰。--宋·沈括《梦溪笔谈》
  斯亦伐以求木茂,塞源而欲流长也。--唐·魏征《谏太宗十思疏》
  又如莇(。莇草;又指本,源);茇(植物的部);柢(草木的);垓(核。植物的;植)
  事物的本源,
  gēn
  ⒈高等植物的营养器官之一。有固养植物体和支持其地上的部分,吸收土壤里的水和溶解在水里的无机盐,贮藏养料等之作用小草~。大树~。直~(如甜菜、向日癸的
  。须~(如稻、麦的)。块~(如萝卜、土豆的可吃部分)。〈引〉
  ①基部,基础~柢。~基。~本。~蒂。牙~儿。舌~儿。
  ②事物或事情的本源~源。穷~。祸~。寻~究底。
  ③彻底~治。~除。~绝。
  ④凭证,依据~据。存~。
  ⑤〈喻〉后代儿孙他是李家的独~。
  ⒉量词。指长条状物两~火柴。三~塑料绳。
  ⒊数学名词
  ①代数方程式内未知数的值。
  ②
  ⒋化学上称带电的基硫酸~。碳酸氢~。


  Root (phonetic. From wood, Burgundy sound. The original meaning of grass roots) of plants grown in soil or water, some of the root absorption of nutrients, wood plants as well. - "Wen said," Man-Root is the root, taproot for the analysis. - "Said Wen Tong training _set_ sound" deep-rooted, then as long. - "Han Fei old solution" is that the deep roots, solid analysis. - "I" has the root line in the next, there are leaves on the wing. - "Super Qi Lun Heng," The non-perennial who has not spent waiting when the seedlings into the mining, then the root is enough but not bad. - Song Shen Kuo, "Meng Xi Bi Tan," Adams also stump of wood in order to Mao, who intends to plug the source stream are long. - Tang Wei Zheng "admonish Taizong ten think Shu" Another example is the root of Zhu (roots. Zhu grass; and refers to the fundamental root causes); root longum (roots of plants); foundation in (grass roots); root boundary (the root nucleus. the roots; rooted in) the origin of things, the root gēn ⒈ vegetative organs of higher plants. With solid objects and support on raising some of the ground, the soil absorbs water and salts dissolved in the water, storage of nutrients such as the role of grass ~. Tree ~. Direct ~ (such as sugar beet, the root of Japanese capric). To be ~ (such as rice and wheat root). Block ~ (such as carrots, potatoes to eat some). <Argument> ① base, base ~ analysis. ~ Base. ~ The. ~ Di. Dental ~ child. Tongue ~ children. ② origin of things or things ~ source. Poor ~. Evil ~. Search ~ study end. ③ completely ~ Governance. ~ In addition. ~ Never. ④ certificate, according to the ~. Save ~. ⑤ <YU> future children and grandchildren he was the sole Li ~. ⒉ quantifier. Refers to the two long strips ~ matches. C ~ plastic rope. ⒊ ① algebraic equations in mathematical terms the value of the unknown. ② ⒋ said chemically charged Sulfate ~. Bicarbonate ~.
更多详解
   gen
  部首 木 部首笔画 04 总笔画 10
  
  base;cause;radicel;radicle;radix;root;rootage;
  
  gēn
  (1)
  (形声。从木,艮(gèn)声。本义草木之)
  (2)
  植物生长于土中或水中吸收营养的部分 [root]
  ,木株也。--《说文》
  蔓,直为柢。--《说文通训定声》
  深,则视久。--《韩非子·解老》
  是谓深、固柢。--《老子》
  有株于下,有荣叶于上。--《论衡·超奇》
  其无宿者,候苗成而未有花时采,则生已足而又未衰。--宋·沈括《梦溪笔谈》
  斯亦伐以求木茂,塞源而欲流长也。--唐·魏征《谏太宗十思疏》
  (3)
  又如莇(。莇草;又指本,源);茇(植物的部);柢(草木的);垓(核。植物的;植)
  (4)
  事物的本源,由,依据 [origin;source;cause;root]
  ,始也。--《广雅·释诂一》
  者,书之所谓柢也。--《韩非子·解老》
  万物有所生,而独知守其。--《淮南子·原道》
  盖志士仁人所为心者也。--《后汉书·宋弘传》
  然病之生也,有有柢。--陈亮《与彭子寿祭酒》
  近岁市人转相摹刻诸子百家之书,……其文词学术当倍蓰于昔人,而后生科举之士,皆束书不观,游谈无,此又何也?--宋·苏轼《李君山房记》
  (5)
  又如祸(祸事的源;引起灾祸的人或事物);浅门微(基浅,门第低微);儿(本);气(基。指禀赋、气质);儿里(本;本来);苗(兆头,开头)
  (6)
  物体的下部,基部 [base;foot]
  满庭田地湿,荠叶生墙。--唐·白居易《早春》
  (7)
  又如下(物体的基附近);墙;堤;前(跟前)
  (8)
  痼疾 [chronic illness]
  自去夏侵暑,入此秋变,头齿眩疼,痼渐剧。--《宋书·颜延之传·自陈表》
  (9)
  又如疵(痼疾)
  (10)
  佛学名词。佛家能产生感觉、善恶观念的机体或精神力量 [nature]。如器(佛教以木比喻天性叫做”。能雕刻叫做器”,泛指禀赋);力(指五和五力);门(六漏出种种烦恼,进入种种妄尘的门户,故称为门”);缘(人的性与境遇的缘务)
  (11)
  数学名词。代数方程中未知数的值,或称代数方程式的解;方的简称 [root]
  (12)
  化学名词。即带电的基 [radical]。如硫酸;氨
  (13)
  延续后代的子孙 [offspring]
  夏堪……零陵太守之嗣也。--《相府小史夏堪碑》
  (14)
  又如嗣(长子);谱(犹族史);祖(祖宗)
  
  gēn
  犊
  (1)
  植 [root]
  半生无着,飘转如断梗。--金·元好问《出京》诗
  (2)
  又如着(植于地)
  (3)
  杜绝;除 [eradicate]
  若攻之不,是养疾疴于心腹也。--《后汉书·西羌传论》
  (4)
  又如
  (5)
  究;追究 [pursue]
  其己为民间侵耕地土,更不究,盖以本议欲以见在牧地,给与民耕,岂可却究己耕之地,重为搔扰。--宋·欧阳修《论牧马草地剳子》
  (6)
  又如勘(彻底查究);究着实(追究底,打听清楚);刷(刮,彻底清查;彻底搜求);穷(彻底追查)
  (7)
  通跟” [follow]。如寻(跟踪查找);捕(跟踪缉捕);索(跟踪,搜求或追查)
  
  gēn
  (1)
  用于条形物 [piece]。如一竹竿;三电线杆
  (2)
  具有适合一定目的的长度、强度或结构的线、纱、带、绳、金属丝或电缆的数目 [strand]。如一带刺的铁丝网线也没有
  
  gēnběn
  [root] 比喻事物的本源、
  两种教义在本上是一致的
  水、土是农业的
  他们的思想,从本上说,并没有超出宋儒理学。--《事事关心》
  
  gēnběn
  [basic;fundamental] 基础或本质
  本原因
  本的基础学科,就是研究物质运动基本规律的物理,加上作科学技术工具的数学。--《现代自然科学中的基础学科》
  
  gēnběn
  (1)
  [at all]∶完全
  我本就不赞成你的主张
  (2)
  [simply]∶简直;从来
  奴隶主本不把奴隶当人看待
  这种事我本没干过
  (3)
  [thoroughly]∶彻底
  必须本改变这里的落后面貌
  
  gēnbù
  (1)
  [rootage]∶ 充分发育了的系统;牢固的生
  (2)
  [root segment]∶覆盖结构程序的主段或控制段。一般总是常驻在计算机主存储器内--亦称基段”
  (3)
  [root]∶使器官或生理结构附于身体的那个部分
  
  gēnchā
  [root cutting] 某些植物的繁殖方法,把它们的切成几段插入或埋入泥土中,就能长成几株独立植物体。如蒲公英
  
  gēnchú
  [root out;remove;eliminate;eradicate] 彻底消灭
  用飞机喷药除麦田杂草和病虫害
  除隐患
  
  gēndǐ
  (1)
  [foundation;basis]∶事物赖以建立的基础;事物得以成立或受到支持的
  墙上芦苇,头重脚轻底浅
  他的英文底不错
  (2)
  [background]∶底细
  你了解这人的底吗?
  追问
  
  gēndì
  (1)
  [root and base]∶植株的和蒂
  (2)
  [cause]∶事物发展的本或初始点;
  人生无蒂,飘如陌上尘。--晋·陶渊明《杂诗》八首之一
  
  gēndiāo
  [root carving] 以树为材料进行雕刻的艺术,也指用树雕刻成的工艺品
  
  gēnduān
  (1)
  [butt]
  (2)
  植物的端部,须由此伸出(如树干底部);木材的大头
  (3)
  木条、片、杆、板或瓦的厚的一端
  (4)
  梯子的沉重的一端或底端
  (5)
  主茎或细枝与开花一端相对的一端
  芦笋的
  
  gēngù
  [roothold] 植物通过生长和分布固定在土壤里
  
  gēnhào
  (1)
  [radical sign]∶置于某一表示式之前的记号 ,表示要对此表示式取平方(如a,a+b,2),如在此记号前再加一个指标,则表示要取另一个相应的(如加指标3便表示取立方)
  (2)
  [radical]∶ 数学上一种的表示式
  
  gēnjī
  (1)
  [foundation;basis] 基础
  恪新秉国政,而内无其主,不念抚恤上下以立基,竞于外事,虐用其民,……其恪获罪之日也。--《三国志·魏志·邓艾传》
  房屋的基一定要打好
  基差
  (2)
  也喻指家底
  这家工厂基薄,资金周转十分困难
  
  gēnjiɑo
  (1)
  [root;foundation]∶植物或建筑物的
  这座房子的脚很牢靠
  (2)
  [the ins and outs(of a matter)]∶底细;出身
  你须身姓刘,你妻须姓吕。把你两家儿脚从头数。--《哨遍·高祖还乡》
  
  gēnjīng
  [root-stock;rhizome] 植物地下茎的一种,一般呈长形,横着生长在地下,外形像,有节,没有冠而有顶芽。如莲、芦苇等的地下茎
  
  gēnjiū
  [make a thorough investigation of;got to the bottom of] 寻穷究,追问到底
  究真相
  华大妈看他儿子和别人的坟,……便觉得心里忽然感到一种不足和空虚,不愿意究。--鲁迅《药》
  
  gēnjù
  (1)
  [foundation]∶盘据。如树木的扎深固
  据盘互,纵恣日甚。--《三国志》
  (2)
  [ground]∶认识、信念、判决的依据
  说话要有
  
  gēnjù
  [on the basis of;according to] 把某种事物作为语言行动或得出结论的前提;按照
  我们还可以据云上的光彩现象,推测天气的情况。--《看云识天气》
  
  gēnjué
  (1)
  [eradicate]
  (2)
  连拔起(如杂草)
  (3)
  抛弃(不需要的东西);彻底消灭
  
  gēnliú
  [root nodule] 在植物系上生长的特殊的瘤,因寄生组织中建成共生的固氮细菌而形成
  瘤菌
  gēnliújūn
  [root nodule bacteria] 一种细菌,能使豆科植物的部形成瘤,制造含氮的化合物,供植物利用。如花生瘤菌、大豆瘤菌等。农业上用瘤菌拌种,使作物增产
  
  gēnmàn
  [cause] 植物的和茎,比喻某事发生的
  
  gēnmiáo
  (1)
  [root and shoot]∶植物的和最初破土长出的部分
  (2)
  [source]∶事物的源、由来
  从理论上铲除极端民主化的
  (3)
  [offspring]∶指传宗接代的子孙
  他可是李家唯一的后代苗,父母视为掌上明珠
  皮,
  gēnpí,gēnbèi
  [velamen] 兰花气的多层木栓样上皮覆盖,呈白色或绿色,由排列紧密的死细胞组成,能从大气中吸收水分
  深蒂固
  gēnshēn-dìgù
  (1)
  [fast;firm;durable]∶基牢固,不可动摇
  银杏树深蒂固,抗风力很强,是扩大绿化面积、治理山河的优良树种
  (2)
  [inveterate;deepseated]∶ 已变成性格的中心,难于或不能改变、减少或消灭
  深蒂固的恶习
  他这种轻视群众的错误观念,为什么会如此深蒂固呢?
  深叶茂
  gēnshēn-yèmào
  [deep roots give rise to flourshing leaves] 树扎得深,枝叶就繁茂旺盛。比喻事物只要基厚实,就会有广阔的发展前景
  
  gēnshì
  [radical expression] 一种含号的数学表示式
  
  gēnxì
  (1)
  [root system]∶指植物的主和所有侧,一般分为须系和直系两类
  (2)
  [offspring system]∶同祖的系统
  
  gēnyá
  [bud grown from the root] 从植物的上长出来的幼芽。芽出土后,经过移植,可以成为独立的植物体
  
  gēnyóu
  [cause;origin] 源。原因
  追问
  他他他,怀着几年的怨恨,倚着盖世的才名,来寻问俺往日的由。--《元曲选·郑廷玉·楚昭公》
  
  gēnyuán
  (1)
  [root]∶使事物发生的本原因
  犯错误的
  (2)
  [rise from;originate from]∶起源(于);发生(于)
  经济危机源于资本主义制度
  
  gēnzhí
  [root;cause;source] 代替方程式中的未知数而解出方程式的那个值
  指数
  gēnzhǐshù
  [index of a radical] 记在号左上角以指明开方次数的数
  
  gēnzhū
  (1)
  [stool]
  (2)
  同茎的一枝或一群树干,尤指与吸或水发芽有关的枝干
  (3)
  植物的和主干部分
  壮叶茂
  gēnzhuàng-yèmào
  [the root is strong and leaves are many] 树的部壮大粗实,枝叶就繁茂旺盛。比喻基坚牢,发展前景就不可限量
  但能养精神,调元气,吞津液,液精内固,乃生荣华,喻树壮叶茂,开花结实,胞孕佳味,异殊常品。--《应笈七签》
  
  gēnzhì
  (1)
  [radical cure;cure once for]∶彻底治好(指灾害,疾病)
  治切除术
  治黄河
  (2)
  [trace and try]∶也指彻底追究审理
  伏望圣慈,尽将台谏官章疏降付有司,令尽理治,依法施行。--宋·苏轼《乞将章疏降付有司剳子》
  
  gēnzi
  [root;source;origin] 事物的本原,
  
  gēn ㄍㄣˉ
  (1)
  高等植物茎干下部长在土里的部分~植。~茎。~瘤。~毛。~雕。须~。块~。扎~。叶落归~。
  (2)
  物体的基部和其他东西连着的部分~底。~基。墙~儿。
  (3)
  事物的本源~源。~由。~本。知~知底。
  (4)
  彻底~除。~究。~治。
  (5)
  依据,作为本~椐。
  (6)
  量词,指长条的东西两~筷子。
  (7)
  数学上称一数开平方所得的值为平方”,开立方所得的值为立方”。
  (8)
  数学上指代数方程式内未知数的值。
  (9)
  化学上指带电的基氨~。硫酸~。
  郑码fxo,u6839,gbkb8f9
  笔画数10,部首木,笔顺编号1234511534


  Root gen
  Radical Radical Wood 04 total strokes 10 strokes
  Root
  base; cause; radicel; radicle; radix; root; rootage;
  Root
  gēn
  (1)
  (Phonetic. From wood, Burgundy (gèn) sound. The original meaning of grass roots)
  (2)
  Plants grown in soil or water absorption of some nutrients [root]
  Root, wood plants as well. - "Said the text"
  Man-root is the root, taproot to analysis. - "Said Wen Tong training _set_ sound"
  Deep-rooted, then, as a long time. - "Han Fei old solution"
  Is that the deep roots, solid analysis. - "I"
  Rooted plants in the next, there are leaves on the wing. - "Lun Heng Chao Qi"
  The non-perennial who has not spent waiting when the seedlings into the mining, then the root is enough but not bad. - Song Shen Kuo, "Meng Xi Bi Tan"
  Adams also stump of wood in order to Mao, who intends to plug the source stream are long. - Tang Wei Zheng "admonish Taizong ten think Shu"
  (3)
  Another example is the root of Zhu (roots. Zhu grass; and refers to the fundamental root causes); root longum (roots of plants); foundation in (grass roots); root boundary (the root core. The roots; rooted)
  (4)
  The origin of things, root cause, according to [origin; source; cause; root]
  Root, the starting point. - "Ya-Guang Gu release a"
  Roots are, the book is also the so-called analysis. - "Han Fei old solution"
  Everything has to live, and keep the roots alone knows. - "Huai Tao"
  Cover with high ideals of the heart are also the root. - "Spreading the Later Han Song"
  However, students are also disease, being rooted and analysis. - Chen Liang "and Peng Zishou libation"
  Nearly year-old city man turns phase inscription philosophers of the book, ... ... the word academic paper on the Xiren when times Xi, then examination of students with disabilities, the book is not all beam concept, travel about without roots, how can this? - Su Song, "Li Jun Shan Fang Ji"
  (5)
  Another example is the curse (the root of calamity; caused by evil people or things); the door slightly shallow roots (roots shallow, the first door low); stalk (basic); root gas (foundation. Refers to the endowment, temperament); stalk in ( fundamental; original); rooted (sign, at the beginning)
  (6)
  The lower part of the object, base [base; foot]
  Summary report wet field, water chestnut leaves foot of the wall of Health. - Tang Bai "Early Spring"
  (7)
  Another example is the root (near the foundation of the object); foot of the wall; dike root; root before (front)
  (8)
  Chronic [chronic illness]
  Since the invasion last summer summer, fall into this change, the first tooth dizzy pain, root inveterate gradually drama. - "Song Chen Yan Yan Chuan from the table"
  (9)
  Another example is the root defect (chronic)
  (10)
  Buddhist terms. Buddhism can produce feelings, good and evil ideas of the body or the spiritual power [nature]. If the root device (the Buddhist nature of wood called the root metaphor. "Root carving called the device" generally refers to endowment); root edge (of five and five power); root of the door (six leakage of various troubles, all jump into the dust of the portal Therefore, the door is called the root "); root edge (and the situation of human root edge of service)
  (11)
  Mathematical terms. Algebraic equations in unknown values, or the solution of algebraic equations; short root [root]
  (12)
  Chemical terms. Charged that the base [radical]. Such as sulfate; ammonia root
  (13)
  Traced through generations [offspring]
  Xia Lingling Prefecture worthy ... ... the root of Si also. - "A Short History of Xiangfu monument worthy of the summer"
  (14)
  Another example is the root of heir (eldest son); root spectrum (Utah family history); ancestral roots (ancestors)
  Root
  gēn
  Calf
  (1)
  Root [root]
  A half-rootless, floating transfer, such as broken stems. - Gold Yuan, "the Beijing" Poetry
  (2)
  Another example is the root of the (rooted in the ground)
  (3)
  Stop; eradication [eradicate]
  If the attack is not the root, is the sick ills in the confidant as well. - "Biography of the Later Han Xiqiang"
  (4)
  Another example is the root of plants
  (5)
  After all; investigated [pursue]
  The soil has been cultivated for civil transgression, much less final, trying to use cover to see this proposal in the pasture to give the people farming, how can they have cultivated the final analysis, the weight of harassment. - Song Xiu "On the Wrangler lawn Da Zi"
  (6)
  Another example is the root of survey (total inquiries); final really (get to the bottom, find out about); root brush (root scraping, a thorough inventory; thoroughly for hidden); root poor (complete track)
  (7)
  Pass with the "[follow]. Such as root search (search track); root catch (tracking arrest); root index (track, for hidden or tracing)
  Root
  gēn
  (1)
  For the strip material [piece]. Such as a bamboo; three poles
  (2)
  For a certain length with the purpose, strength or structure of the line, yarn, tape, rope, wire or cable, the number of [strand]. If a line of barbed wire and no
  Fundamental
  gēnběn
  [Root] metaphor of the origin of things, the foundation
  Two doctrines are fundamentally the same
  Water, soil is the fundamental agricultural
  Their thoughts, fundamentally speaking, does not exceed the Song of Science. - "Every concern"
  Fundamental
  gēnběn
  [Basic; fundamental] basis or nature of
  Root cause
  Fundamental basic science is to study the basic laws of motion of matter physics, coupled with the mathematical tools for science and technology. - "The foundation of modern natural science disciplines"
  Fundamental
  gēnběn
  (1)
  [At all]: complete
  I did not agree with your ideas
  (2)
  [Simply]: simply; never
  Slave owners did not take slaves as human beings
  I had not done such a thing
  (3)
  [Thoroughly]: complete
  There must be fundamental change in the backward
  Root
  gēnbù
  (1)
  [Rootage]: a fully developed root system; solid rooting
  (2)
  [Root segment]: structures covering the main section of the program or control segments. Permanent General is always the main memory in the computer - also known as the foundation of paragraph "
  (3)
  [Root]: the organ or physiological structure attached to that part of the body
  Root cuttings
  gēnchā
  [Root cutting] the propagation of certain plants, root them into paragraphs _insert_ed or buried in the soil, several strains able to grow into independent plants. Such as dandelion
  Eradicate
  gēnchú
  [Root out; remove; eliminate; eradicate] wipe
  Aircraft spraying weed and pest eradication
  Eradicate hidden dangers
  Foundation
  gēndǐ
  (1)
  [Foundation; basis]: the foundation upon which to build things; things to be supported in accordance with established or
  Reed walls, top-heavy shallow foundation
  He's a good foundation in English
  (2)
  [Background]: bottom line
  You know this man's foundation it?
  Asked foundation
  Pedicle
  gēndì
  (1)
  [Root and base]: plant roots and pedicle
  (2)
  [Cause]: development of the fundamental things, or the initial point; root cause
  A life without a pedicle, such as Mo floating dust. - Jin Tao "Miscellaneous Poems," one of eight
  Root Carving
  gēndiāo
  [Root carving] is material to the root carving art, and also refers to the roots of art carved
  Root end
  gēnduān
  (1)
  [Butt]
  (2)
  End of the plant, which roots out (such as the base of the tree); bulk timber
  (3)
  Wood, sheets, rods, plates or tiles of the thick end of the
  (4)
  One end of the ladder or the bottom of the heavy
  (5)
  Blossom end of the main stem or twig with one end of the relative
  Asparagus root end
  Solid Roots
  gēngù
  [Roothold] by root growth and distribution of plant fixed in the soil
  Radical
  gēnhào
  (1)
  [Radical sign]: put a mark before the expression, that expression to take the square root of this (such as a, a + b, 2), as in this sign before the addition of a pointer, then that should take another the corresponding root (such as adding index access will mean that the cube root of 3)
  (2)
  [Radical]: Mathematics, the root of the expression of a kind
  Foundation
  gēnjī
  (1)
  [Foundation; basis] based
  New Bingguo Zheng Ke, which is no the Lord, do not read from top to bottom in order to establish the foundation of pension, competing in foreign affairs, child with its people, ... ... the day that the Ke convicted. - "Three Kingdoms Wei Zhi Deng Ai Biography"
  We must lay the foundations of houses
  Poor foundation
  (2)
  Also a metaphor for family property
  The plant roots thin, very difficult cash flow
  Root feet
  gēnjiɑo
  (1)
  [Root; foundation]: the foundation of plant or buildings
  The house is very solid foot root
  (2)
  [The ins and outs (of a matter)]: bottom line; origin
  You have to body surnamed Liu, you must name his wife Lu. The root of your two children a few feet from the ground. - "Post over the emperor Return of the Native"
  Rhizome
  gēnjīng
  [Root-stock; rhizome] underground stem of a plant, generally elongated, sideways growth in the ground, looks like a root, and with restraint, not shoot while the terminal bud. Such as the lotus, reed rhizome, etc.
  Final
  gēnjiū
  [Make a thorough investigation of; got to the bottom of] roots read all the documents, ask in the end
  After all the truth
  Mother of China and others to see the grave of his son, ... ... suddenly felt a heart will feel inadequate and empty, do not want final. - Lu Xun's "Medicine"
  According to
  gēnjù
  (1)
  [Foundation]: disk data. Deep-rooted trees such as solid
  According to drive each other, even on vertical pleases. - "Three Kingdoms"
  (2)
  [Ground]: knowledge, beliefs, judgments based on
  Words must be based on
  According to
  gēnjù
  [On the basis of; according to] the language of action or a thing as a prerequisite for drawing conclusions; in accordance with the
  We can also cloud the glory phenomenon, suggesting that the weather situation. - "Clouds know the weather"
  Eradicate
  gēnjué
  (1)
  [Eradicate]
  (2)
  Uprooted (eg weeds)
  (3)
  Discard (do not need anything); complete elimination
  Nodule
  gēnliú
  [Root nodule] in the growth of plant roots on the special tumor tissues by parasitic bacteria into the formation of symbiotic nitrogen fixation
  Rhizobium
  gēnliújūn
  [Root nodule bacteria] a type of bacteria, enabling the formation of root nodules of leguminous plants, manufacture of nitrogen compounds for plant use. Such as peanut rhizobia, Rhizobium japonicum and so on. Rhizobia seed dressing with agriculture, the crop yield
  Root Man
  gēnmàn
  [Cause] the roots and stems of plants, the root metaphor for something to happen
  Rooted
  gēnmiáo
  (1)
  [Root and shoot]: roots and grow some of the initial ground-breaking
  (2)
  [Source]: the root of things, the origin
  Eradicate extreme theory of democratization in the ROC
  (3)
  [Offspring]: refers to the descendants of the family line
  However, the only offspring of his rooted Lee, daughter of the parents as
  Root bark, roots were
  gēnpí, gēnbèi
  [Velamen] orchid aerial roots of the multi-cork-like epithelial covering, white or green, from the death of tightly packed cells, absorb moisture from the atmosphere
  Deep-rooted
  gēnshēn-dìgù
  (1)
  [Fast; firm; durable]: the foundation of a solid, unshakable
  Ginkgo tree deep-rooted, very strong wind, is to expand the green areas, good governance trees mountains and rivers
  (2)
  [Inveterate; deepseated]: the center has become a character, it is difficult or can not change, reduce or eliminate
  Deep-rooted bad habits
  He despised the people the misconception that, why would so deep it?
  Deeply rooted
  gēnshēn-yèmào
  [Deep roots give rise to flourshing leaves] the roots strike a deep, lush foliage on strong. Thick of things as long as the foundation of metaphor, there will be a bright future
  Radical expression
  gēnshì
  [Radical expression] with the root of a number of mathematical expressions
  Root
  gēnxì
  (1)
  [Root system]: a plant's root and all the lateral roots and be generally divided into two types of direct root
  (2)
  [Offspring system]: the system with the ancestors
  Root to shoot
  gēnyá
  [Bud grown from the root] plant roots from the shoots grow. Root to shoot unearthed, after transplantation, can become an independent plant
  Root cause
  gēnyóu
  [Cause; origin] roots. Reason
  Asked the root causes of
  He he he, With years of bitterness, leaning against unrivaled Cai Ming, from either the past I asked the root. - "Yuan election Zhengting Yu Chu Zhaogong"
  Source
  gēnyuán
  (1)
  [Root]: root causes to make things happen
  The root causes of mistakes
  (2)
  [Rise from; originate from]: the origin (in); occurred (in)
  Economic crisis rooted in the capitalist system
  Root value
  gēnzhí
  [Root; cause; source] instead of the equation and solve for the unknowns that value equation
  Root Index
  gēnzhǐshù
  [Index of a radical] recorded in the root of the number of upper-left corner to indicate the number of prescribing
  Root strain
  gēnzhū
  (1)
  [Stool]
  (2)
  Or a group with roots of a tree trunk, especially with suckers sprouting on the branches or water
  (3)
  Part of plant roots and trunk
  Root Zhuang Ye Mao
  gēnzhuàng-yèmào
  [The root is strong and leaves are many] thick solid growth of tree roots, lush foliage on strong. Yu Genji fastness than the development prospects for unlimited
  But it can raise the spirit, tone strength, swallowing saliva, fluid within the solid fine, is raw glory, Yu Zhuang Ye Mao roots, flowering and fruiting, cell pregnant good taste, often different special items. - "Sign should be Ji Qi"
  Radical
  gēnzhì
  (1)
  [Radical cure; cure once for]: completely cured (refer to disasters, disease)
  Radical resection
  Radical of the Yellow River
  (2)
  [Trace and try]: also referred for further investigation hearing
  V Holy look kind and make the down payment Yousi Taiwan Advisors Zhang Shu, so to make reasonable cure, according to the law implementation. - Song Su "beg to pay down Yousi Da Zhang Shu Zi"
  Root
  gēnzi
  [Root; source; origin] primitive things, causes
  Root
  gēn ㄍ ㄣ ˉ
  (1)
  Stems of higher plants in the soil under the Minister's part of the ~ plants. ~ Stem. ~ Tumor. ~ Hair. ~ Carving. To be ~. Block ~. Tie ~. Yela go ~.
  (2)
  Objects and other things attached to the base part of ~ the end. ~ Base. Wall ~ children.
  (3)
  ~ Source of origin of things. ~ By the. ~ The. Know ~ too much.
  (4)
  ~ In addition to a thorough. To justice. ~ Rule.
  (5)
  Basis, as noted in the fundamental ~.
  (6)
  Quantifiers, the two things that long ~ chopsticks.
  (7)
  Said the number of mathematical square root of a value derived from the square root "of cubic cube root is obtained."
  (8)
  Algebraic equations in mathematics refers to the value of the unknown.
  (9)
  Charged on the basis of chemical ammonia that ~. Sulfuric acid ~.
  Zheng-code fxo, u6839, gbkb8f9
  Number of 10 strokes, radical wood, stroke order number 1234511534
康熙字典
辰集中 Chen focused  【唐韻】【集韻】【韻會】【正韻】????古痕切,音跟。【說文】木株也。【左傳·隱六年】農夫之去草,絕其本,勿使能殖。 又【廣韻】,柢也。【老子·道德經】重爲輕。【管子·地形篇】地者,萬物之本原,諸生之菀。 又【博雅】始也。 又天星也。《周語》天見而水涸。註亢氐之間。 又金,車名。【後漢·輿服志】天子車金。 又門之鋪首銅鍰曰倉琅。【前漢·五行志】木門倉琅。 又竹,杯名。【晉庾信報惠酒詩】山杯捧竹。 又雲,山名。【宋孝武登作樂山詩】積水溺雲。 又姓。【姓苑】周人牟子,善著書。 又叶經天切,音堅。【三略軍讖】侵侮下民,國內譁諠。臣蔽不言,是謂亂。考證:〔勿使能植。〕 謹照左傳原文植改殖。〔天,氐星也。【左傳·桓十四年】天見而水涸。〕 謹左傳無天見而水涸之語,查係周語。今據改天星也。周語天見而水涸。註亢氐之間。〔【前漢·五行志】木名倉琅。〕 謹照原文名改門。


  【】 【Ji Yun Tang Yun Yun will】 【】 【】 ???? Ancient Rhymes cut marks, sound like. Wen】 【said timber plants as well. Six】 【Zuo hidden to the farmer of the grass, never the the root, without rendering to reproduce. Also Guangyun】 【root analysis also. 【I】 weight by the light of moral roots. Posts】 【pipe terrain to those who, of all things primitive, the root of various health Wan. 【】 Before they have learned. Star also has days of the root. "Week phrase" see the water dry root day. Note Kang Di between. And golden root, the car name. 【Notes】 after the emperor of Han Yu Fu Jin-gen car. Copper door of the shop and Huan said the first warehouse Lang root. 【Notes】 before the doors of the five elements of Chinese Lang root positions. And bamboo root, cup names. Hui-Yu Jin reported 【】 Hill wine glass holding Zhugen poetry. Yun root, mountain name. 【】 SONG EMPEROR XIAOWU poetry board for Leshan cloud water drowning roots. Another name. Zhou Yuan】 【name root Muzi, good write books. And leaves cut by the day, sound strong. Prophecy】 【military invasion of the three little people under the insult, the domestic uproar noise. Chen shelter without saying, is that chaos root. Research: 〔Do not allow to plant. 〕 Planted wish to change according to the original colonial Zuo. 〔Days, root, Di stars also. 【】 Days Zuo Huan fourteen years, see the water dry up the root. 〕 Would like to see Zuo-free days and the water dried roots of the language, check the Department of weekly language. According to another day this star is also the root. Language day week dry root see the water. Note Kang Di between. 〔】 【Former Han the five elements of wood were positions Chi Lang root. Original Name〕 would like to change according to the door.
说文解字
编号:3545 ID: 3545  木株也。从木艮聲。 古痕切


  Wood plants as well. From the sound of wood Gen. Old cut mark
根 Roots: The Saga of an American Family
作者: 艾里克斯·哈利 Alex Haley
  亚历克斯·哈利(Alex·Haley):美国黑人作家,1921年生于纽约州的伊萨卡,1939-1959年在海岸警卫队服役,其间当过记者。1965 年与人合写了黑人领袖马尔科姆·艾克斯的传记。在要找出黑人传统的欲望驱使下,他对冈比亚有关口头传说进行了调查研究,发现自己家族可追溯到七代之前的一个非洲人,他被作为奴隶于1767年运到安纳波利斯。哈利以大量史实为基础,增补一些细节,于1976年写出了长篇家史小说《》。该书获1977年普利策特别奖,改编成电视连续剧上演后轰动全国。


  Roots: The Saga of an American Family is a novel written by Alex Haley and first published in 1976. It was adapted into a hugely popular, 12-hour television miniseries, Roots, in 1977, and a 14-hour sequel, Roots: The Next Generations, in 1979.
  
  Plot introduction
  
  Brought up on the stories of his elderly female relatives—including his Grandmother Cynthia, whose father was emancipated from slavery in 1865—Alex Haley purported to have traced his family history back to "the African," Kunta Kinte, captured by slave traders in 1767. For generations, each of Kunta's enslaved descendants passed down an oral history of Kunta's experiences as a free man in Gambia, along with the African words he taught them. Haley researched African village customs, slave-trading and the history of African Americans in America—including a visit to the griot (oral historian) of his ancestor's African village—to produce this colourful and imaginative recreation of his family's history from the mid-eighteenth century through the mid-twentieth century which led him back to his heartland, Africa.
  Characters in "Roots"
  
   * Kunta Kinte – original protagonist: a young man of the Mandinka people, grows up in the Gambia in a small village called Juffure and is raised as a practising Muslim before being captured and enslaved. Renamed "Toby"
   * Master Lord Calvert – plantation owner who buys Kunta (called John Reynolds in the TV series)
   * Dr. William Waller – doctor of medicine and John's brother: buys Kunta from him (called William Reynolds in the TV series)
   * Belle Waller – cook to the doctor who Kinte marries (called Belle Reynolds in the TV series)
   * Kizzy Waller – daughter of Kinte and Belle (called Kizzy Reynolds in the TV series)
   * Missy Anne – Dr. Waller's niece, who lives on his brother's plantation but visits Dr Waller regularly. She befriends Kizzy and teaches her the basics of reading/writing by playing "school".
   * Tom Lea – slave owner in North Carolina to whom Kizzy is sold (called Tom Moore in the TV series)
   * George Lea – son to Kizzy and Tom Lea, he is called "Chicken George"
   * Matilda – who George marries
   * Tom Murray – son of Chicken George and Matilda (called Tom Harvey in the TV series)
   * Cynthia – the youngest of Tom and Irene's eight children (grand daughter of Chicken George)
   * Bertha – one of Cynthia's children; mother of Alex Haley
   * Simon Alexander Haley – professor and husband of Bertha; father of Alex Haley
   * Alex Haley – author of the book and central character for last 30 pages; great-great-great-great-grandson (7 generations) of Kunta Kinte.
  
  Literary significance and criticism
  
  Historical marker in front of Alex Haley's boyhood home in Henning, Tennessee (2007)
  
  Haley earned a Pulitzer Prize special award in 1977 for Roots and the television miniseries garnered many awards, including nine Emmys and a Peabody.
  
  Haley's fame was marred, however, by charges of plagiarism. After one trial, in which he admitted that passages of Roots were copied from The African by Harold Courlander, Haley settled out-of-court for $650,000. Haley claimed that the appropriation of Courlander's passages had been unintentional. In 1988, Margaret Walker also sued Haley, claiming that Roots violated the copyright for her novel Jubilee. Walker's case was dismissed by the court.
  
  Additionally, the veracity of those aspects of the story which Haley claimed to be true have been challenged. Although Haley acknowledged the novel was primarily a work of fiction, he did claim that his actual ancestor was Kunta Kinte, an African taken from the village of Juffure in what is now The Gambia. According to Haley, Kunta Kinte was sold into slavery where he was given the name Toby and, while in the service of a slavemaster named John Waller, went on to have a daughter named Kizzy, Haley's great-great-great grandmother. Haley also claimed to have identified the specific slave ship and its specific voyage that transported Kunta Kinte from Africa to North America in 1767.
  
  In the concluding chapter of Roots Alex Haley stated:
  “ To the best of my knowledge and of my effort, every lineage statement within Roots is from either my African or American families' carefully preserved oral history, much of which I have been able conventionally to corroborate with documents. Those documents, along with the myriad textural details of what were contemporary indigenous lifestyles, cultural history, and such that give Roots flesh have come from years of intensive research in fifty-odd libraries, archives, and other repositories on three continents. ”
  
  Haley goes on to say that most of the dialogue and necessary incidents are novelized, based on what he knew took place and what the research led him to feel took place.
  
  Genealogist Elizabeth Shown Mills and historian Gary B. Mills revisited Haley's research and concluded that his claims were not true. According to the Millses, the slave named Toby who was owned by John Waller could be definitively shown to have been in North America as early as 1762. They further said that Toby died years before the supposed date of birth of Kizzy.
  
  There have been suggestions that the griot in Juffure, who, during Haley's visit there, confirmed the tale of the disappearance of Kunta Kinte, had been coached to relate such a story.
  
  Although a friend of Haley's, Harvard University professor Dr. Henry Louis Gates, Jr., one of the general editors the Norton Anthology of African-American Literature, has acknowledged the doubts about Haley's claims, saying, "Most of us feel it's highly unlikely that Alex actually found the village whence his ancestors sprang. Roots is a work of the imagination rather than strict historical scholarship. It was an important event because it captured everyone's imagination."
  
  There is no doubt, however, that Roots led to a surge of interest in family genealogy across the country.
  Scholarship
  
   * Gerber, David A. “Haley’s Roots and Our Own: An Inquiry Into the Nature of a Popular Phenomenon.” Journal of Ethnic Studies 5.3 (Fall 1977): 87-111.
   * Hudson, Michelle. "The Effect of 'Roots' and the Bicentennial on Genealogical Interest among Patrons of the Mississippi Department of Archives and History," Journal of Mississippi History 1991 53(4): 321-336
   * Ryan, Tim A. Calls and Responses: The American Novel of Slavery since Gone with the Wind. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State UP, 2008.
   * Skaggs, Merrill Maguire. “Roots: A New Black Myth.” Southern Quarterly 17. 1 (Fall 1978): 42-50.
   * Taylor, Helen. “‘The Griot from Tennessee’: The Saga of Alex Haley’s Roots.” Critical Quarterly 37.2 (Summer 1995): 46-62.
  
  Television and audio adaptations
  
  Roots was made into a hugely popular television miniseries that aired over eight consecutive nights in January 1977. ABC network television executives chose to "dump" the series into a string of airings rather than space out the broadcasts, because they were uncertain how the public would respond to the controversial, racially-charged themes of the show. However, the series garnered enormous ratings and became an overnight sensation. Approximately 130 million Americans tuned in at some time during the eight broadcasts. The concluding episode on January 30, 1977 has been ranked as the fourth most watched telecast of all time by the Nielsen corporation.
  
  The cast of the miniseries included LeVar Burton as Kunta Kinte, Leslie Uggams as Kizzy and Ben Vereen as Chicken George. A 14-hour sequel, Roots: The Next Generations, aired in 1979, featuring the leading African-American actors of the day. In December 1988, ABC aired a two-hour made-for-TV movie: Roots: The Gift. Based on characters from the book, it starred LeVar Burton as Kunta Kinte, Avery Brooks as Cletus Moyer, Kate Mulgrew as bounty hunter Hattie Carraway, and Tim Russ as house slave Marcellus (Coincidentally, all four actors have become prominent as leading actors in the Star Trek franchise).
  
  In August 2006, author Ilyasah Shabazz, (daughter of Malcolm X) recorded a public service announcement for Deejay Ra's 'Hip-Hop Literacy' campaign encouraging reading of Alex Haley's books to commemorate Haley's 85th birthday.
  
  In May 2007, BBC America released Roots as an audiobook narrated by Avery Brooks. The release coincided with Vanguard Press's publication of a new paperback edition of the book, which had gone out of print in 2004, and with Warner Home Video's release of a 30th anniversary DVD boxed set of the mini-series.
No. 9
  无中生有﹑毁坏他人声誉的坏话。
No. 10
  指凭空说人的坏话。
字典中的“根” Dictionary, the "root"
  基本资料
  拼音:gēn
  部首:木;部外笔画:6;总笔画:10
  五笔86:SVEY 五笔98:SVY 仓颉:DAV
  笔顺编号:1234511534 四角号码:47932 UniCode:CJK 统一汉字 U+6839
  基本字义
  ①高等植物茎干下部长在土里的部分:~植。~茎。~瘤。~毛。~雕。须~。块~。扎~。叶落归~。
  ②物体的基部和其他东西连着的部分:~底。~基。墙~儿。
  ③事物的本源:~源。~由。~本。知~知底。
  ④彻底:~除。~究。~治。
  ⑤依据,作为本:~椐。
  ⑥量词,指长条的东西:两~筷子。
  ⑦数学上称一数开平方所得的值为“平方”,开立方所得的值为“立方”。
  ⑧数学上指代数方程式内未知数的值。
  ⑨化学上指带电的基:氨~。硫酸~。
  详细字义
  名词
  (1) (形声。从木,艮( gèn)声。本义:草木之)
  (2) 植物生长于土中或水中吸收营养的部分 [root]
  ,木株也。——《说文》
  蔓,直为柢。——《说文通训定声》
  深,则视久。——《韩非子·解老》
  是谓深、固柢。——《老子》
  有株于下,有荣叶于上。——《论衡·超奇》
  其无宿者,候苗成而未有花时采,则生已足而又未衰。——宋· 沈括《梦溪笔谈》
  斯亦伐以求木茂,塞源而欲流长也。——唐· 魏征《谏太宗十思疏》
  (3) 又如:荄(。荄:草;又指本,源);茇(植物的部);柢(草木的);垓(核。植物的;植)
  (4) 事物的本源,由,依据 [origin;source;cause;root]
  ,始也。——《广雅·释诂一》
  者,书之所谓柢也。——《韩非子·解老》
  万物有所生,而独知守其。——《淮南子·原道》
  盖志士仁人所为心者也。——《后汉书·宋弘传》
  然病之生也,有有柢。——陈亮《与彭子寿祭酒》
  近岁市人转相摹刻诸子百家之书,……其文词学术当倍蓰于昔人,而后生科举之士,皆束书不观,游谈无,此又何也?——宋· 苏轼《李君山房记》
  (5) 又如:祸(祸事的源;引起灾祸的人或事物);浅门微(基浅,门第低微);儿(本);气(基。指禀赋、气质);儿里(本;本来);苗(兆头,开头)
  (6) 物体的下部,基部
  满庭田地湿,荠叶生墙。——唐· 白居易《早春》
  (7) 又如:下(物体的基附近);墙;堤前(跟前)
  (8) 痼疾 [chronic illness]
  自去夏侵暑,入此秋变,头齿眩疼,痼渐剧。——《宋书·颜延之传·自陈表》
  (9) 又如:疵(痼疾)
  (10) 佛学名词。佛家能产生感觉、善恶观念的机体或精神力量 [nature]。如:器(佛教以木比喻天性叫做“”。能雕刻叫做“器”,泛指禀赋);力(指五和五力);门(六漏出种种烦恼,进入种种妄尘的门户,故称为“门”);缘(人的性与境遇的缘务)
  (11) 数学名词。代数方程中未知数的值,或称代数方程式的解;方的简称 [root]
  (12) 化学名词。即带电的基 [radical]。如:硫酸;氨
  (13) 延续后代的子孙 [offspring]
  夏堪……零陵太守之嗣也。——《相府小史夏堪碑》
  (14) 又如:嗣(长子);谱(犹族史);祖(祖宗)
  动词
  ①植 [root]
  半生无着,飘转如断梗。——金· 元好问《出京》诗
  ②又如:着(植于地)
  ③杜绝;除 [eradicate]
  若攻之不,是养疾疴于心腹也。——《后汉书·西羌传论》
  ④又如:
  ⑤究;追究 [pursue]
  其己为民间侵耕地土,更不究,盖以本议欲以见在牧地,给与民耕,岂可却究己耕之地,重为搔扰。——宋· 欧阳修《论牧马草地剳子》
  ⑥又如:勘(彻底查究);究着实(追究底,打听清楚);刷(刮,彻底清查;彻底搜求);穷(彻底追查)
  ⑦通“跟” [follow]。如:寻(跟踪查找);捕(跟踪缉捕);索(跟踪,搜求或追查)
  量词
  ①用于条形物 [piece]。如:一竹竿;三电线杆
  ②具有适合一定目的的长度、强度或结构的线、纱、带、绳、金属丝或电缆的数目 [strand]。如:一带刺的铁丝网线也没有。
植物中的“根” Plants in the "root"
  root
  概念
  是维管植物体轴的地下部分,主要起固着和吸收作用,同时还有合成和贮藏有机物,以及进行营养繁殖的功能。上不生长叶和花,它虽然和茎一样有分枝,但分枝(侧)来源不同。藻类和苔藓植物没有,蕨类植物中最原始的松叶蕨、梅西蕨和古代最早的陆生化石莱尼蕨也没有真正的,只在地下的状茎上有具吸收功能的假;大多数现存的蕨类植物、裸子植物和被子植物才有真正的结构。是陆生植物从土壤中吸收水分和无机盐的器官,也是固定地上植物体的器官。
  植物学名词,指一般植物在地下的部位。主要功能为固持植物体,吸收水分和溶于水中的矿物质,将水与矿物质输导到茎,以及储藏养分。许多植物的地下构造本质上为特化的茎(如球茎、块茎),与之不同处主要在于缺少叶痕与芽,具有冠,分枝由内部组织产生而非由芽形成。
  胚是种子萌芽後首先出现的器官,它向下生长深入土壤而固持幼苗。裸子植物与双子叶植物的胚日後发育成主;主向下长,侧或次生则侧出,这类型的系称为主系统。有些植物(如胡萝卜与芜菁)的主为贮藏器官,因内含食料而膨大。禾草类与其他单子叶植物则具有须系统,其特征是一群的直径大约相等;此络非由主分枝生成,而是包含从茎的基部长出且大量分枝的
  仅自末端增长,尖处并有针箍形冠保护。冠後方为顶端分生组织(一群分裂旺盛的细胞),该组织所产生的细胞小部分加于冠,大部分则加入分生区上方的延长区(的增长在此发生);延长区上方为成熟区(的初生组织在此成熟,源于分生区上部的细胞分化过程在此完成)。的初生组织由外而内依序为表皮、皮层与维管柱。表皮由薄壁细胞组成,通常仅一层细胞厚。水分及溶于水的矿物质由表皮吸收,大部分陆生植物均具毛(表皮细胞壁向外突起的细管状物,仅见于成熟区)致吸收作用大为增强。水分的吸收主要靠渗透作用,渗透作用的发生是因为(1)土壤中水分浓度较表皮细胞者为高(因为後者含有盐类、糖类及其他溶解的有机物质),(2)表皮细胞膜只允许水分而不允许溶于细胞液内的许多其他物质渗透。这种情况造成了渗透压差,使水分得以流入表皮细胞。此流动产生的压力称为压,可使水分在内流动。压虽对水分在植物体内上升负有部分责任,但无法单独解释水分如何运输到大乔木顶。
  皮层负责将水分与溶于水的矿物质由表皮横向输送到维管柱,再由维管柱转运至植物体其他部位。皮层还贮存由叶子经维管组织向下运送来的食物。其最内层通常是一层排列紧密的细胞,称作内皮层,可调节皮层与维管组织间物质的流动。
  维管柱位于内皮层内侧,为中柱鞘(一层可长出侧的细胞)所包围。维管柱的输导组织通常排成星状。木质部负责输导水分及溶于水中的矿物质,组成星状体的核心;韧皮部负责输导养分,在星状体各芒间形成小群。
  木本植物较老的会生成次生组织使加粗,次生组织是由维管形成层与木栓形成层所生。维管形成层源于木质部与韧皮部间的分生细胞,发育成一环,围绕初生维管柱;经细胞分裂向内产生次生木质部,向外产生次生韧皮部。次生维管组织的生长将中柱鞘外推,致撕裂皮层与表皮。中柱鞘于是成了木栓形成层,产生木栓细胞(外树皮)以取代皮层与表皮。
  有些源于以外的组织(通常为茎,有时为叶),尤多见于地下茎,称为不定。许多植物因能形成不定,故可藉茎插或叶插行营养繁殖。不一定都长在地下,若从茎部长出,通过一段距离才著地,或一直悬在空中,则称为气;常见于玉米、露兜树及榕树,最後有助于固持植株。
  
  当种子萌发时,胚发育成幼突破种皮,与地面垂直向下生长为主。当主生长到一定程度时,从其内部生出许多支,称侧。除了主和侧外,在茎、叶或老上生出的,叫做不定。反复多次分支,形成整个植物的系。
  直系的主要特点是主明显比侧粗而长,从主上生出侧,主次分明;须系的主要特点是主和侧无明显区别 。
  的结构组成
  分为尖结构、初生结构和次生结构三部分。尖是主或侧尖端,是的最幼嫩、生命活动最旺盛的部分,也是的生长、延长及吸收水分的主要部分。尖包含冠、分生区、延长区和成熟区。由尖顶端分生组织经过细胞分裂、生长和分化形成了的成熟结构,这种生长过程为初生生长。在初生生长过程中形成的各种成熟组织属初生组织,由它们构成的结构,就是的初生结构。若从尖成熟区作一横切面可观察到的全部初生结构,从外至内分为表皮、皮层和维管柱三部分。有形成层细胞分裂形成的结构与尖、茎尖生长椎分生组织细胞分裂形成的初生结构相区别,称它们为次生结构。
  功能
  是在长期进化过程中适应陆地生活发展起来的器官,它的功能有:
  ◇吸收水分和无机盐
  系从土壤中吸收水分的最活跃部位,是端的毛区。通常仅由系的活动而引起的吸水现象,称为主动吸水,而把由地上部分的蒸腾作用所产生的吸水过程,称被动吸水。系从土壤中吸收矿物质是一个主动的生理过程,它与水分的吸收之间,各自保持着相对的独立性。部吸收矿质元素最活跃的区域是冠与顶端分生组织,以及毛发生区。土壤中的各种离子先吸附在表面,然后经能量转换与 的作用,通过细胞膜进入细胞中,再由细胞间的离子交换、进入维管柱的木质部导管。
  ◇固着和支持作用
  系将植物的地上部分牢固地固着在土壤中。
  ◇合成能力
  部能进行一系列有机化合物的合成转化。其中包括有组成蛋白质的氨基酸,如谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸和脯氨酸等﹔各类植物激素,如 乙酸、细胞分裂素类,以及少量的乙烯等。
  ◇贮藏功能
  的薄壁组织发达,是贮藏物质的场所。
  ◇输导功能
  输导功能是由尖以上的部位来完成的。由毛和表皮细胞吸收的水和无机盐通过的维管组织输送给茎和叶的,而叶所制造的有机物也通过茎送到,由的维管组织输送到的各部分,维持的生长和生活。
  ◇菌
  许多植物的系与土壤中的微生物建立了共生关系,在植物体上形成菌瘤。某些种子植物的与土壤真菌共生所形成的共生体,称为菌据真菌对寄主皮层细胞浸染的情况,又分为两种类型:外生菌,真菌形成一鞘层,即菌丝罩,整个包裹着幼的外部,只有少数菌丝侵入到皮层的细胞间隙中,如松树、栎树等。内生菌,真菌形成不明显的罩子,而大部分菌丝均侵入到部皮层的细胞内部,如兰属、草莓等。菌真菌的菌丝如同毛一样,起吸收水分与矿质营养的作用。还能将土壤中的矿质盐和有机物质,转变为易于寄主吸收的营养物质,以及可制造维生素等,供给系。而寄主植物分泌的糖类、氨基酸及其它有机物质又可供真菌生活,因此两者为共生关系。豆科植物与瘤细菌的共生体,即为瘤。瘤的维管束与的维管柱连接,两者可互通营养,一方面豆科植物将水分及营养物质供给瘤细菌的生长﹔另一方面瘤细菌也将固定合成的铵态氮,通过输导组织运送给寄主植物。
文学中的“根” Literature in the "root"
  《
  1976年秋,美国出版了黑人作家亚历克斯·哈利所写的一部家史小说《》。作者自称他经过十二年的考证研究,追溯到他的六代以上的祖先昆塔·肯特,一个从非洲西海岸被白人奴贩子掳到北美当奴隶的黑人,描述了他在非洲的自由人生活,他和他的子孙在美国奴隶制下的苦难历程,以及这个家族获得自由后的经历。这书一出版,就成为脍炙人口的畅销书。同时,它也引起了截然相反的评价,成为激烈争论的焦点。因此,关于《》的问题,是一个带有高度社会意义和学术性质的事件,值得研究和探讨。
  《》的主题,美国的黑人奴隶制问题,是美国历史上持续最久、争论最烈的一个论题。
  从十七世纪初第一艘载着掳自非洲的黑人的运奴船驶抵北美洲海岸以来,迄今三百多年,黑人奴隶制和黑人受压迫的现象就一直是美国社会的严重问题。早在独立革命前,美国南部的种植园黑人奴隶制就是美国资本主义社会内部一个逆世界历史潮流的社会经济制度。到十九世纪中期,这种制度已成为美国政治和社会发展的最大障碍。维护奴隶制的反动势力和反对奴隶制的进步势力进行了旷日持久的反复较量,无穷的舌战和笔战所未能解决的,最后由真刀真枪的流血战争解决了。1861—1865年一场空前酷烈的国内战争,结束了这种“有史以来最卑鄙、最无耻的奴役人类的形式”。然而,奴隶制的阴魂却象一团不祥的乌云,从来没有从美国大陆的上空消散。有形的枷锁不存在了,无形的枷锁——对黑人的压迫和歧视——仍然沉重地压在美国黑人的头上,成为“美利坚合众国的一个耻辱”。奴隶制是美国老大难的种族关系问题的历史源。因此,虽然奴隶制已被废除一百多年之久,今天它仍具有现实意义,是人们所极为关注和不断探索的一个题目。
  三百多年间,围绕着黑人奴隶制的争论而产生的政论和文学作品不可胜数。在美国文学史上,以奴隶制为题材的作品形成了一个专门的类别。它们的观点和色彩尽管千差万别,但总的可以分为揭露、谴责奴隶制的和歌颂、辩护奴隶制的两大类。其中,流传最广、影响最大的可以举出三本代表作:一本是十九世纪五十年代的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》,一本是二十世纪三十年代的《飘》,第三本就是二十世纪七十年代的这本《》。这三本书,就其对各自时代的冲击来说,都是奇迹式的,它们不仅风靡了美国,而且引起了全世界的注意。
  虽然这三本书有着共同的题材,但它们的态度和观点却大相径庭。《汤姆叔叔的小屋》出现在美国内战前十年,它从基督教博爱思想和人道主义出发批判了奴隶制。虽然它的主旨并非倡导以革命方式消灭奴隶制,而是规劝奴隶主放下鞭子,但它以生动的艺术形象和强烈的爱憎剖露了奴隶制的野蛮残暴,对于北部的废奴运动起到了强有力的推动作用。无怪林肯开玩笑地恭维它的作者斯托夫人是“写了一本书、酿成了一场大战的小妇人”。奴隶制废除七十年后,出现了《飘》。这本名噪一时的小说从赤裸裸的反动奴隶主立场讴歌内战前南部生活,对被打倒的奴隶主寄以无限同情,成为美化奴隶制的所谓“木兰花与班卓琴流派”的顶峰与楷模,因而受到反动势力的喝彩。四十年来,尽管有人不遗余力地加以哄抬,使之成为“一切时代的畅销小说”,但没有人否认,它是透过奴隶主的眼光来看奴隶制的,因而是地地道道的反动翻案文学的代表作。又过了四十年,《》把《飘》翻过的案重新翻了过来,再次对奴隶制进行揭露控诉。这三本书所走过的“之”字形的道路,约略地勾画出了历史潮流的趋向。但历史不是简单的重复或循环。《》的时代背景,比起前两本书来,是一个更为复杂的现象。它纵贯着几百年关于奴隶制的是非的争议,横联着黑人解放运动近期的发展和前景。因而,有关《》的讨论,超出了一本书的范围,牵涉到许多社会、学术问题,是一个有待深入研究和实践检验的课题。下面仅从一个读者的角度谈一点粗浅的认识。
  《》是一本什么性质的书?
  在讨论《》时,首先需要明确的一个前提是:《》是一本什么性质的书?是历史,还是小说?是一个单独的黑人家族的故事,还是美国奴隶制度史?这个问题本来是十分清楚的。但由于《》的出版者和宣传者们不知出于什么考虑,把这本分明是文学创作的书算作非小说的历史书籍,并且把它的意义抬高到代表全体美国黑人的经历,这就造成了概念上的混乱。现有的一些对《》的批评,实际上是针对一本严谨的科学著作提出的。但《》并非科学著作,它虽然部分地反映了黑人奴隶的苦难,却并不能概括二千多万美国黑人几百年经历的全貌和实质。如果从实际出发,承认《》是小说,那就允许虚构和想象,而不必深究材料是否完全准确和立论是否绝对科学。如果承认《》仅仅是一个单独的黑人家族的故事,那就允许有特殊性,而不必要求它具有代表全体美国黑人的典型性和普遍意义。《》作为一本历史题材的小说,从一个黑人家族的遭遇和感受来反映奴隶制,站在被压迫者的立场上谴责和控诉压迫者和人压迫人的制度,把白人种族主义的历史观颠倒了过来。它不是通过抽象的概念,而是通过活生生的人的故事表现了被奴役者的痛苦和求解放的强烈愿望,批驳了那种广泛流传的把奴隶制描绘成田园牧歌的乐土,把奴隶表现为乐天知命、俯首帖耳的奴才的反动谰言,是有它的积极意义的。从这一点上说,《》继承了《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的废奴文学传统,并有所创新,在美国文学史上应占一定的地位。但是,如果把这本书的意义拔高为全体美国黑人民族的历史,夸大哈利所探索的“”的普遍意义,并且把它看成是解决美国黑人现实问题的正确出路,那就言过其实,反而起到相反的影响。
  “”在哪里?
  贯穿着《》全书的一个主题思想是:人最宝贵的东西,是知道自己是什么人,是从哪儿来的,而奴隶制最大的罪恶,是不让黑人知道这一点。哈利说,“我们因缺乏归属感而觉得身为黑人是可耻的”,因此,黑人要获得真正的解放,就必须找到自己的“”。
  哈利经过十二年的苦心探索,终于找到了自己的“”——十八世纪非洲的村落和祖先昆塔·肯特。显然,他是把十八世纪非洲的生活理想化、浪漫化了。作为文学作品,这是无可厚非的,因为哈利的意图是要打破那种把非洲人诬蔑为半人半兽低等动物的“人猿泰山”式的捏造,而还其人的尊严和价值,他的出发点和大方向是正确的。作者热情地歌颂了他的祖先——非洲劳动人民,抒写了他们如何英勇顽强地同大自然搏斗,团结一致,爱护集体,尊重传统,珍惜自由,严格地教育训练年青一代等优良品质。他以丰富的想象力塑造了少年昆塔这个朴实而饱满的人物形象,刻画了他充满青春活力的个性,他对生活和自由的热爱和憧憬,给人以深刻印象。这是全书精华所在,堪称美国文学中独具一格的珍贵篇章。
  但问题还要回到“”这个主题思想上来。非洲是否就是美国黑人所梦寐以求的“”?找到了这个“”,美国黑人求解放的问题是否就迎刃而解?
  固然,美国黑人和非洲有着源远流长的血缘和传统的联系,他们无疑应该知道并且尊重自己的非洲起源。但非洲只是美国黑人人种学上的“”,而不是社会学上的“”。几个世纪在异国土地上受异族统治的历史,在美国社会的特定环境中共同的命运和斗争,已把美国黑人组合为一个新的民族,面对着不同于非洲环境下的新的问题。欧美有些研究者认为,黑人的处境之所以比一些欧、亚少数民族后裔更差,就是因为他们失去了民族传统和文化渊源,成为无源之水,无本之木。但是,美国印第安人并没有失去自己的民族传统,他们却从北美大陆的主人沦为濒临绝种的民族,遭遇尤为悲惨。可见,割断民族传统,并不是统治阶级奴役被压迫民族的唯一的或主要的方式。美国黑人之横遭凌虐,不应归因于他们对自己的非洲起源缺乏知识和自豪感,而是由于美国奴隶制及其恶果——种族压迫和歧视,以及资本主义制度下的阶级压迫这个双重负担。片面地强调非洲的心理上的“”,会使人忽视美国的现实的“”。
  是积极反抗,还是消极反抗?
  如果说昆塔在非洲的自由生活是《》的序幕,那么他和后代在美国被奴役的经历就是戏的中心和主体。关于这个关键部分的关键性争论,是围绕着《》是否真实地反映了奴隶制的反动本质和奴隶的反抗精神。
  每个奴隶的后代回顾往昔,都有一部斑斑血泪的家史。《》既是从一个家族的遭遇和感受来反映一个历史时代,自有它真实的方面。书中体贴入微地刻画了被夺去自由和人权、受人鱼肉宰割的人们的痛苦和愤怒,特别是奴隶制强行拆散黑人家庭造成骨肉分离的惨剧,是动人心魄的。昆塔和他的子孙从来不甘于被奴役的命运,渴望自由,这也表达了所有奴隶的情绪。但是,如果把哈利家族的故事看成整个奴隶制的缩影,那么这面镜子却不够全面,也不够真实。因为,它没有表现出美国种植园奴隶制最本质的方面——作为资本原始积累的手段和资本主义世界市场的组成部分的野蛮的剥削制度,只消七年就耗尽一个奴隶脂膏的极度残酷的血汗榨取。哈利的祖先不属于南部种植园中直接从事生产劳动的奴隶的主体——大田奴隶。他们是奴隶中地位较为特殊的人——园丁、车夫、厨娘、家仆、驯鸡手、铁匠等。由于他们脱离奴隶生产大军而从事非生产性个体劳动,以及同奴隶主朝夕相处的密切关系,他们往往享有某些优惠待遇,比起大田奴隶来受压迫的程度较浅,因而反抗性也较差,算不上是奴隶制这种典型环境中的典型人物。昆塔说:“白人干的最恶的事是不让黑人知道自己是什么人,不让他成为完全的人。”既然这是奴隶制的主要罪孽,那么自然也就是奴隶反抗的主要目的和形式了。于是在书中,主要的反抗表现为:每一代人把家族的非洲起源的知识传给下一代,让他们不要忘本。然而这只能说是反抗的一种思想准备,还不是反抗的行动。事实上,一部奴隶制度史,满载着奴隶的无数次反抗,从最高形式的有组织的密谋起义(共二百多次),到逃亡、怠工、破坏工具财物等等。正是这些反抗,动摇了奴隶制的基。《》没有直接反映这些积极的反抗。书中虽然间接地提到海地奴隶起义以及震撼南部的几次大起义,但哈利的家族对待这些起义的态度或是消极的旁观,或是不以为然,唯恐起义引起的主奴关系的紧张化会给他们带来灾难。历史上的奴隶逃亡,无论是通过“地下铁路”的有组织的逃亡或个别的逃亡,都是卓有成效的大宗的反抗形式。但哈利的六代祖先中,除来自非洲的昆塔试图逃跑而失败外,以后几代本没有动过念头。第二代的吉西对抗主人的凌辱的唯一行动,只是告诫儿子不要对白人父亲抱幻想。第三代鸡公乔治则进而同主人兼父亲亲密合作。书中用了大量篇幅描写斗鸡的情节,虽然文笔生动而引人入胜,但观点上却带有浓厚的阶级调和论色彩。它抹杀了主奴之间的阶级矛盾和种族矛盾,把读者的兴趣吸引到斗鸡场上的胜负上面,那里,乔治和李老爷利害相关休戚与共,而乔治一家自由的命运则仿佛系于一只鸡身上。第四代铁匠汤姆来到了内战年代。这在历史上是南部黑人空前活跃的时期。奴隶们大批逃离种植园(共计五十万人),跑到联邦军中参加战斗,或在南部同盟军后方打游击搞破坏,有效地配合了联邦军的作战,为联邦的胜利和自身的解放作出了不可估量的贡献。这些事实在《》里也没有得到反映。当广大黑奴在进行如火如荼的斗争时,汤姆却在附首帖耳地替同盟军钉马掌,全家一心一意为赎买自由而拚命攒钱,直到林肯的一纸命令解放了他们。《》所宣扬的这种以“沉默的尊严”对抗压迫的精神,只能算是消极的反抗。
  写内战后经历的结尾部分,比起前面来,更有江河日下之势。内战结束后至今一百多年来,美国黑人广大群众饱受残害和欺压的苦况和他们不屈不挠的斗争,是举世皆知的事实,他们的积忿,爆发为六十年代震动世界的黑人抗暴运动。象哈利的家族那样买地发家、上升为中产阶级白领阶层的人,只是少数例外的幸运者。他们所走过的道路不能代表广大黑人走过的道路,更不足以指明黑人解放的出路和方向。
  《》的时代意义
  《》动笔于六十年代,完成于七十年代。六十年代是美国黑人解放运动惊雷乍起的十年,黑人长期受迫害受歧视的苦况,通过他们自己的斗争,引起了全世界的重视和义愤。毛泽东同志在1963年和1968年两次发表支持美国黑人反对种族歧视的正义斗争的声明,表达了中国人民声援的强烈呼声。黑人的抗暴斗争和其他斗争,取得了不可忽视的成果,但并没有获得完全的平等和解放。他们在政治、经济、文化教育各个领域仍然处于受压制受排挤的不平等地位。在意识形态领域,反动种族主义势力仍不甘退场,千方百计为奴隶制翻案,为继续欺压黑人制造理论据。1975—1976年,为纪念《飘》出版四十周年重印了该书的豪华版,同时重映同名影片,大作宣传,无异是对黑人运动的示威。1975年,出版了一本名叫《时光与十字架》的伪科学著作。该书企图利用电子计算机的运算来证明奴隶制是一个“高度合理和有效”的制度,说它使南部经济高度发展并使全体南部人(白人和黑人)都享有很高生活水平,公然颠倒黑白,为奴隶制叫好。相形之下,《》揭露和谴责奴隶制,给予这些反动叫嚣一个反击,在一些不明真相的群众中是能够起到一定积极作用的。但是,如果象有些人所宣扬的那样,认为《》把黑人解放运动引向了一个更高的水平,那么这种估计却未必恰当。考虑到六十年代黑人运动已经达到的水平,考虑到黑人在有组织的抗暴斗争中所表现的阶级觉悟和民族觉醒的程度,《》所宣扬的非暴力主义和以家族为核心的个人奋斗道路,与时代的前进潮流相比,不能不说是一个后退。哈利从写马尔科姆·艾克斯的传记,到写《》,也似乎是一个后退。
  《》引起如此巨大的轰动,原因何在?这似乎可以从两个方面来看。
  在六十年代急风暴雨的黑人解放运动期间,黑人问题一度成为美国国内政治生活的中心。此后,黑人的政治和社会地位有所上升。近年来,黑人更多地参与政治和文化生活,研究黑人,写黑人,表现黑人,成为一种时尚。黑人的历史也成为重新估价的对象。广大黑人关心自己的过去,要求把反动派颠倒了的历史再颠倒过来,还黑人历史的本来面目,其他民族人民也要求获得这方面的更真实的知识。象《》这样一本以黑人为主人公的历史小说,对奴隶制的反动性有所揭露,并具有一定的艺术特色和感染力,自然会引起广泛的重视。
  然而,《》作为一部历史小说虽有一定的价值,但和围绕着它所造成的宣传上的效果相比,则是不相符的。在这种明显的不相称的现象后面,必定存在着某种深一层的社会原因。据分析,由于黑人要求平等解放已是大势所趋,人心所向,赤裸裸的白人种族主义越来越不行时,意识形态领域的某些不希望运动走向革命化道路的当权者,也不得不顺应潮流,力图把黑人问题引向带有资产阶级自由主义或改良主义色彩的轨道。这种分析不无道理。1978年2月话剧《保罗·罗伯逊》的上演就是一个例子。享有世界声誉的黑人歌唱家保罗·罗伯逊,在五十年代时由于他的共产主义信仰而遭到美国反动派的严酷迫害,流亡国外。然而在他逝世以后,美国资产阶级戏剧中心百老汇却演出了歌颂他的一生的话剧。该剧抽掉了罗伯逊的革命者的灵魂,宣扬他作为足球明星、法学家、歌唱家、演员而功成名就的道路,避而不谈罗伯逊自己不断强调的一点:他首先是一个革命家,然后才是艺术家,他把自己的一切成就服务于黑人同胞的解放事业。这种给黑人问题涂上一层温和色彩的倾向,近年来蔚然成风。《》之所以受到如此的重视和大规模的宣传,是否也是这种潮流的一个表现?这表明,和穷凶极恶地迫害黑人的年代相比,风向是在转,但转向何方,仍然值得研究。无论如何,这种现象本身也说明黑人通过自己的斗争获得了重要的进展,社会前进的潮流是不可阻挡的
化学中的“根” Chemistry in the "root"
  在许多化学反应里,作为一个整体参加反应,好像一个原子一样,这样的原子集团叫做原子团。原子团又叫做或基团,如氢氧OH- 、硝酸NO3- 、碳酸CO32-、硫酸SO42-、氯酸ClO3-、磷酸PO43-、碳酸氢HCO3-、铵NH4+等。值得注意的是:原子团不能独立存在,只是化合物的一个组成部分。在溶液中原子团作为一个整体参加反应。各种原子团都有自己的特性反应,如CO32 -遇酸变成CO2, SO 42-遇Ba2+产生不溶于稀硝酸的白色沉淀,OH-使酚酞试液变成红色等。利用特性反应可以检验的存在。注意区分锰酸MnO42-和高锰酸MnO4-,两者组成相同,但其中锰元素的化合价不同,所以价不同。原子团的化合价等于内各元素化合价的代数和。
  原子团簇独特的性质源于其结构上的特点,因其尺寸小,处于表面的原子比例极高,而表面原子的几何构型、自旋状态以及原子间作用力都完全不同于体相内的原子。材料的性质与内部单元的表面性质息息相关。例如仅仅通过调节团簇的大小,物质特性就有极大的不同,10 个铁原子的团簇在催化氨合成时要比17个铁原子的团簇效能高出1000倍。
  伴随着尺寸而来的另一效应是量子效应,原子团簇的研究即证明了许多量子力学的假设和预言,提出了无数更有趣的新问题。例如在由纯金属原子组成的多面体团簇中,只有当原子数是“幻数系列”,即为2、8、20、28、50、82、126……时,结构才是稳定的,甚至在加热到液态时也不会被破坏。同样的“幻数系列”在元素周期律中早已为人所知,但其理论解释至今仍无定论。
  团簇的科学研究正处于蓬勃发展的阶段,除去理论上的极大意义之外,原子团簇在声、电、光、磁等方面的实际应用更是人们努力的方向。
  认识原子团要注意:
  (1)原子团是分子中的一部分。在三种或三种以上元素组成的化合物中,其分子常含有某种原子团。
  (2)原子团不是在任何化学反应中都保持不变。在有些化学反应中,原子团会发生变化,如:反应中,氯酸钾中的氯酸发生了变化。
  (3)原子团通常称作“”或“离子”。书写原子团符号时应注明它所带的电荷,如:ClO3-、SO42-、OH-、NH4+等,不要把原子团符号当成化学式,如把硫酸(SO42-)误认为是四氧化硫。
  KMnO4中的原子团MnO42-和K2MnO4中的原子团MnO42-是不同的原子团。前者叫高锰酸,后者叫锰酸
数学中的“根” Mathematics in the "root"
  方程的
  方程的是:定义在一元方程中的使方程左、右两边的值相等的未知数的取值。
  方程的区别与方程的解:在多元方程中只定义了方程的解,未定义方程的
  在一元方程中方程的解可能会受到某些实际条件的限制,如:一道关于每天生产多少零件的应用题的函数符合x^2-10x-24=0
  方程的:x1=12,x2=-2,
  虽然x=-2符合方程的的条件,但由于,考虑到实际应用,零件生产不可能是负数,所以,此时x2=-2就不是这个方程的解了,只能说是方程的
火影忍者“根” Naruto "root"
  "",是指所谓的暗部特别机动部队,也就是暗部培训部。""由强硬主战派--团藏所一手建立,故此""的成员是直接受命于团藏而不是火影的。
  虽然""在很久之前就已经被解散,但仍有不少前成员继续效忠于"",已知的有其中两人:一为佐井,另一人是到佐井家传逹"极秘任务"给佐井的暗部。
  所谓""之人…没有名字、亦无感情…
  没有过去…亦无未来。心中只有任务…
  在背后支撑起木叶村这棵大树的是 深扎于大地之中的...我等""的意志
  —— 之训言
  台湾电视剧《
  又名《乱世情缘》,二十集台湾爱情伦理片
  两肋插刀的兄弟情谊,弱女子与命运的抗争,台湾新老两代玉女——林心如、俞小凡,一个端庄秀丽,一个娇俏可人,演绎滚滚红尘中的一段乱世情缘 ……
  【演员表】张晨光、俞小凡、林心如、王皓、陈亚兰、贺军政、王中皇、马如风、陈莎莉、小戽斗、吴铃山、凯凯、朱慧珍
  【剧情介绍】林武郎与阿国、静莲夫妇一起长大的朋友,阿国因赌博犯案,单身汉的武郎为了阿国一家四口,挺身而出为阿国顶罪坐牢。武郎出狱的那天在市场碰上了静莲正在捡菜,突然有人喊抓贼,武郎、静莲追赶小偷替失主浦老太太及她的儿媳书荷抢回钱包还给了他们,因此,武郎、静莲、书菏相识。
  书菏的丈夫因认错人在生意上犯罪被警方处死,书菏的婆婆及她的三个孩子变得一无所有,善良的静莲热情的接待她们全家一起居住,两家患难与共,生死相依。阿国赌博成性,给家庭带来巨大的灾难,最终被黑狗整死,静莲与书荷为了两家人糊口,只好去检垃圾及买血。
  武郎虽然没有文化,但行侠仗义,心地善良,他主动为两家无私付出,并暗暗爱着书荷。纪警官同情静莲的遭遇,常暗中帮忙。 老大松哥欣赏武郎的品行,将自己最心爱的独生女儿雪子交给他保护,并常常接济静莲一家。松哥20年前结拜把兄弟陈明辉与松哥的妻子有染,被松哥赶走。如今陈明辉卷土重来,以雪子作为要挟松哥的王牌,逼迫松哥帮他运送毒品,被松哥拒绝。武郎因保护松哥,与陈明辉接怨。当雪子认清陈明辉的面目后,向他开枪,陈明辉丧心病狂开枪打中雪子要害,往医院抢救输血,证实了雪子的亲生父亲是陈明辉。雪子死了,留下一个孩子。陈明辉因运毒品,也被警方击毙。
  雨过天晴。历尽了苦难的两家人终于结束了悲惨的生活。武郎与书荷、松哥与一直暗恋他的老板娘终成眷属,纪警官也给静莲戴上了定婚介指,等待他们的是幸福美好的未来。
  ‘’在佛教中的意义
  ‘’为梵语indriya 之意译。通常指器官、机能、能力之意。佛教用语中,‘’一词亦含有器官能力之意。草木之不仅具有增长力,且可衍生出枝干、花叶果实等。又如人类之眼、耳、鼻、舌、身等,不仅有助于人类之觉悟,且可促进信、精进、念、定、慧等,故以五称之。教中经义,有关之用法甚多,大别之,可有如下两大类: (一)乃指强而有力之作用(又称增上)之意。共有眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意、女、男、命、乐、苦、喜、忧、舍、信、勤、念、定、慧、未知当知、已知、具知等二十二。最初之眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意,称为六,其中除意(心)外,前五属感觉器官(五官)或是感觉机能,由物质(色)所形成,故称为五色,简称为五。数论派认为此五具有知觉之作用,故称之为知、五知。其在五知外另加五作业(手、足、口、大便处、小便处)及意,而立十一之说。而吠檀多学派则立十四之说。 眼等五分为司感觉作用之胜义(相当于不可见的神经系统)和有扶助作用之扶尘(眼球、鼓膜等,乃血肉形成之外部器官),在一切有部认为此胜义才是五。 二十二中之乐、苦、喜、忧、舍等五能感受外界之印象感觉,而与眼等五区别,称为五受。此外,信、勤、念、定、慧等亦称五,以其能除烦恼、臻圣道,有其殊胜之作用,故亦以称之,然为别于眼等五,而称为五无漏。又有未知当知、已知、具知等三,其本体多为意、乐、喜、舍、五无漏等九;未知当知在见道,已知在修道,具知在无学道所引起,此三又称三无漏。 复次,二十二中之女、男、命等,指命与寿命。女、男即给予女、男具有性征之力量,特指性器而言。从男转变成女或由女转变为男之移性,称为转。一般所称之二,有指胜义与扶尘者,或指女与男者。 (二)机、性之意,表示受教者之性质、资质。因有优劣之分,故有所谓利、钝二之别,或上、中、下等三,利、中、钝等三之别。若以修道力修炼之,从钝、下而渐修至利、上,称为炼或转。各种转之中,尤指由声闻(下)至缘觉(中),再往上至菩萨(上)者。[俱舍论卷三、大乘义章卷四] (请参阅‘三无漏’、‘五’,《 佛学大词典 》)
  附:【三无漏】《 佛学大词典 》梵语tri^n!y ana^sravendriya^ni。指三种不染污、不起烦恼之无漏。属二十二之后三。略称三。此三无漏系以意、乐、喜、舍、信、勤、念、定、慧等九为体而立,以其有增上之力用,能产生无漏清净之圣法,故称为。即:(一)未知当知(梵ana^jn~a^ta^jn~a^sya^mi^ndriya ),又作未知欲知。属见道位,此位之人无始以来未曾闻四谛真理,欲知彼真如谛理,遂修习地前方便之解行,故称未知欲知。(二)已知(梵a^jn~endriya ),又作知。属修道位,即已知四谛真理,并已断除迷理之惑,但为断除迷事之惑,进而观四谛之理,清楚了知四谛之境,故称已知。(三)具知(梵a^jn~a^ta^vi^ndriya ),又作知已、无知。乃具有洞知四谛理之无学位,以其已断诸烦恼,一切所作具办,故其九称为具知。又此位已得尽智、无生智,唯无学果之人有此智。[俱舍论卷三、瑜伽师地论卷五十七、发智论卷十四、顺正理论卷九、瑜伽论记卷十六上]
  【五】《 佛学大词典 》梵语pan~cendriya^n!i。五种之义。(一)指眼、耳等五识所依之五种色。又作五色。即:眼(梵caks!urindriya )、耳(梵s/rotrendriya )、鼻(梵ghra^n!endriya )、舌(梵jihvendriya )、身(梵ka^yendriya )五。亦即司视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉、触觉之五官及其机能。以此五者加上意(心),则称为六。五除能摄取外界之对象外,并能引起心内五识之认识作用,因具有此等殊胜之作用,故称为‘’。又五系由物质而成立者,故又称五色。数论派有五知之说,其中身又作皮。 就五之体而论,萨婆多部(说一切有部)将五分为扶尘与胜义二种。扶尘,又作扶。系由眼球、耳穴、鼻梁等血肉(肉团)所形成之,本身无超胜对象之力,但可由胜义从旁协助起识,即一般所谓之五官。胜义则在肉体之内部,非肉眼所能见,但具有发识取境之作用。又胜义与扶尘虽共为‘极微’所成,然胜义以殊胜之四大种所造之净色为体,为‘不可见有对’之实有法,由是萨婆多部主张五系指胜义,亦即现今吾人所谓之神经。然大众部等则以色、香、味、触四尘为五之体,以肉团为性,别无净色,不能取境,此即是以扶尘为五之说。又依唯识大乘之说,护法等诸师别立现行之净色为五;难陀等诸师则认为五唯是种子,而非现行之净色。 另就五之次第而论,据大毗婆沙论卷七十三、俱舍论卷一、卷二等举出两说:(一) 五之中,前四皆取所造之色,故先举之;身或取能造,或取所造,或二者俱取,即由于所取之境不定,故后举之。又前四中,眼、耳能取远境,故先举之;鼻、舌取近境,故后举之。又取远境中,眼之作用较耳为远且速,故先举眼而后举耳。又取近境中,鼻之作用较舌为速且明,故先举鼻而后举舌。总此,而立五之次第先后。(二)五所依处(即扶尘)之上下差别的次第如下:眼之所依居于最上,耳、鼻、舌、身四之所依则依次居于下方。 又于此五中,眼、耳唯取不至境,称为离中知;鼻、舌、身三者唯取至境,称为合中知。离中知,谓眼能见远处诸色,然于如眼中之药等则反不能观;耳亦能闻远处声响,然近逼耳者则反不能闻。合中知,谓鼻、舌、身三必与对象直接接触,即与境必须没有间隔方能产生作用,若两者相离则无从作用。又鼻、舌、身三唯取等量之境(与对境等量),此即合中知之故;眼、耳二则并取等量境与不等量境。眼、耳二因取量之不定,故有时取小境,如见毛端、闻蚊声等;有时取等境,如见葡萄、闻琴声等;有时则取大境,如见大山、闻雷声等。此即离中知之故。五之外,意属于无色法,因无形状,故无法计量。 据五事毗婆沙论卷上、大毗婆沙论卷一四二等举出,五各于四事有增上之作用,故称为。四事指:(一)庄严身,(二)导养身,(三)生识等,(四)不共事。上述为‘见家’之说。然俱舍论卷三举出‘识见家’之说,认为四事非为之作用,而是识之增上。[品类足论卷一、异部宗轮论、成实论卷四、大乘阿毗达磨集论卷一、大乘法苑义林章卷三本](参阅‘五有四事增上’) (二)指五无漏。此五者对于降伏烦恼、引入圣道具有增上之作用,故称五。为三十七道品中之第四科。即:(一)信(梵s/raddhendriya ),信三宝、四谛等之道理者。(二)进(梵vi^ryendriya ),又作精进、勤。勇猛修善法者。(三)念(梵smr!ti^ndriya ),忆念正法者。(四)定(梵sama^dhi^ndriya ),使心止于一境而不散失者。(五)慧(梵prajn~endriya ),由定中观智所起,而了知如实之真理者。此五者皆为能生起一切善法之本,故称为五。又‘’有增上、出生等之义,上记五种能令人出生无漏圣道,故称为五。另据大乘义章卷十六说明之意义,即:此五种出生‘出世圣道’之力偏强,故称为;又此五种有依次对治不信、懈怠、放逸、掉举、无明烦恼等之作用,故称为。此外,止观辅行传弘决(会本)卷七之一举出,修行之人虽善芽微发,然犹未生,今修五法使善生,故此五法皆称为。 五与三十七道品中第五科之五力同体,五力乃显示五行破惑增上之力用。五力为利者所修,五则为钝者所修。又五摄入二十二中,与未知当知、已知、具知等三无漏,同于无漏法上具有增上之作用。另据俱舍论卷二十五举出五之次第如下:即于因果先起信心(信),其次为果修因而起精进(进),次由精进而念住所缘(念),复由忆持念力而心便得定(定),心得定则能知如实之理(慧)。[杂阿含经卷二十六、增一阿含经卷二十三、卷四十二、大毗婆沙论卷九十六、大智度论卷十九、瑜伽师地论卷五十七、法界次第卷中](参阅‘三十七道品’)
  【】《 丁福保佛学大辞典 》(术语)Indriya,能生之义。增上之义。草木之,有增上之力,能生干枝,因而眼之眼,有强力,能生眼识,则名为眼。信有生他善法之力。则名为信。又人性有生善恶作业之力,则名为性。俱舍论二曰:‘者是何义?最胜自在光显名,由此总成增上义。’大乘义章四曰:‘能生名,’俱舍光记三曰:‘胜用增上,故名为。’
  【】《 陈义孝佛学常见辞汇 》 1.能生的意思。2.增上的意思。
  【(梵indriya,藏dban%-po)】《 中华佛教百科全书 》梵语‘indriya’,原意为机关、机能、能力。在佛教用语中,除了有‘机关’的意思之外,又有‘能力’的意思。汉译译此词为‘’,系由于草木之具有成长发展之能力,能令枝干生长。因此,能生起感觉的五种器官(眼、耳、鼻、舌、身)乃名之为五。 如眼之眼有强力、增上之用,则名眼;‘信’有产生其他善法之能力,则称信。 《俱舍论》卷三云(大正29·13b)︰‘是何义?最胜自在光显名。由此总成增上义。’《俱舍论光记》卷三云(大正41·55c)︰‘胜用增上,故名为。’《顺正理论》卷九云(大正29·377b)︰‘世尊何故别说名?在内界全及法一分。依增上义别说为,彼彼事中得增上故。’ 诸经论谓有五、六、二十二等差别。其中,眼、耳、鼻、舌、身五(又称五色),又可各分为二类,即司感觉作用,为眼所不能见的‘胜义’(又称净色,即一般所谓神经纤维),以及具扶助作用,为身体器官的扶尘(如眼球、鼓膜等)。然而说一切有部仅以胜义为五,而不承认扶尘。又眼等五加上意即成六。六再添女、男、命、乐、苦、喜、忧、舍、信、勤、念、定、慧、未知当知、已知、具知等,乃成二十二。此外,据《大毗婆沙论》卷一四二所载,外道亦有‘’之理论。如数论学派合五觉(眼、耳、鼻、舌、身)、五业(手、足、口、大便处、小便处)及意,计有‘十一’之说法;吠檀多学派则合五知、五业及四内(意、觉、我执、念),而倡‘十四’说。 又,众生学法的素质与能力亦称为‘’。依其优劣有利、钝二,或上、中、下三,利、中、钝三等差别。然此时所云之,系梵语mu^la之汉译,与上述之indriya并不相同。俗语所谓之‘器’,亦与梵语mu^la相同。 [参考资料]《决定义经》;《杂阿毗昙心论》卷八;《俱舍论》卷二;《金七十论》卷中;《瑜伽师地论》卷五十七。
  文学小说《
  连续剧《
  作为一部小说改编的电视连续剧,这在ABC的历史上并不多见。该剧改编自美国黑人作家阿历克斯-哈利的同名小说,该书是1976年在美国最大的畅销书。而这部连续剧也很完美的反应出了小说的情景与内涵。通过空间的变化,以及跨越1个世纪的时间鸿沟,忠实地再现了一个黑人家庭六代人,被奴隶贩子从非洲漂洋过海掳到美洲进行一次次贩卖的曲折屈辱的经历。以一个具体事例,以小见大地反映出美国两千五百万黑人的苦难历史,剖析了奴隶制的野蛮残暴。
  亚历克·黑尔,一般翻译为阿历克斯·哈利,黑人作家。生于纽约州伊萨卡。他在海岸警卫队服役期间(1939-1959)当过记者,后来帮助撰写了黑人领袖《马尔科姆·艾克斯传记》一书。哈利在要找出黑人传统的欲望驱使下,对冈比亚有关的口头传说进行了调查研究,发现自己家庭的可追溯到七代之前的一个非洲人,他作为奴隶于1767年被运到安纳波利斯。哈利以大量的史实作基础,增补了一些细节,写成了《》一书。这部黑人家史获得了1977年普利策特别奖,在美国被改变成电视连续剧,上演后轰动一时。
佛教百科 Buddhist Encyclopedia
  【】  1、能生的意思。
    2、增上的意思。
佛教百科 Buddhist Encyclopedia
  【】 (术语)Indriya,能生之义。增上之义。草木之,有增上之力,能生干枝,因而眼之眼,有强力,能生眼识,则名为眼。信有生他善法之力。则名为信。又人性有生善恶作业之力,则名为性。俱舍论二曰:“者是何义?最胜自在光显名,由此总成增上义。”大乘义章四曰:“能生名,”俱舍光记三曰:“胜用增上,故名为。”
英文解释
  1. :  radical
  2. n.:  base,  cause,  radicel,  radicle,  radix,  root,  rootage,  radical (chem.),  basis,  root, base(d on),  foundation
近义词
鬓根, 原子团, , 方根
相关词
生物植物生物学根系须根植物学百科辞典猪耳
辣油科学超越数代数数学植物形态内皮层凯斯伯
器官更多结果...
包含词
摩根威根根特根拉根本根源
根基根据根除存根病根根治
根底根绝除根拔根扎根根由
断根小根寻根根号票根方根
直根培根辣根城根根蒂祸根
根茎根式山根六根气根宿根
根毛须根侧根根瘤根株主根
块根吐根芦根根值根部银根
慧根词根根插根系根雕根际
泻根草根根冠菌根哈根里根
苦根命根归根有根孽根牙根
业根一根生根树根虚根根被
细根舌根根词根究齿根耳根
鼻根根子节根根苗根蔓香根
球根胚根残根根数前根幼根
根端根脚根固根芽吸根字根
重根追根弓根支根北根杆根
的根姜根根的恶根倒根根紧
根域碲根根弦根克其根求根
根篱护根氰根针根根椐比根
江根瑞根勤根顿根罪根根身
念根机根信根根识四根卢根
氯根乐根根位根刺疑根潜根
根浴根如实根源根喜根根托
练根根胜坞根赫根根迹搜根
贝根根境杨根根阀程根大根
根廷长根根音根缺知根扶根
根净根败严根女根裴根败根
根阙法根秦根截根冯根清根
冥根根付关根尚根康根曾根
根癌贾根松根蕨根根河洛根
盘根汀根金根二根五根根韭
假根桃根葛根桑根根轴根结
定根柳根
更多结果...