xiǎnshìdìtú mùlù mǎ 'ěr tā gòng hé guó ( mǎ 'ěr tā yǔ : Repubblikata'Malta, yīng yǔ : RepublicofMalta) shì 'ōu zhōu nán bù dǎo guó , yóu dì zhōng hǎi yī xiē dǎo yǔ zǔ chéng 。 yóu yú qí zhòng yào de zhàn lüè dì lǐ wèi zhì , jǐ gè shì jì lái xiān hòu bèi bù tóng de jūn shì lì liàng zhēng fú hé tǒng zhì guò 。
cí yuán
“ mǎ 'ěr tā ” yī cí dāng jīn bù tóng de biàn tǐ jìn guǎn qǐ yuán yú mǎ 'ěr tā xì yǔ yán , dàn qí qǐ yuán wú cóng kǎo jiū 。 tōng cháng de cí yuán xué shuō fǎ rèn wéi tā lái zì yú xī là yǔ zhōng μέλι( yīn meli) yī cí , yì wéi “ mì ”。 xī là rén chēng zhè gè dǎo wéi Μελίτη( yīn Melite), yì zhǐ " mì " huò shì " gān tián ", zhè kě néng shì yóu yú mǎ 'ěr tā dǎo chū chǎn yī zhǒng dú tè de mì 。 mǎ 'ěr tā céng jū zhù zhe yī zhǒng tǔ chǎn mì fēng , shǐ dé tā bèi nì chēng wéi “ tián mì zhī dì ”。 bù jǐn xī là rén zǎo zài qián 700 nián jiù duì mǎ 'ěr tā dǎo fù yòu yǐng xiǎng , shǐ yòng xī là yǔ de bài zhàn tíng dì guó yě zài gōng yuán 395 nián zhì gōng yuán 870 nián jiān tǒng zhì guò mǎ 'ěr tā .
lìng yī zhǒng shuō fǎ rèn wéi “ mǎ 'ěr tā ” lái zì yú féi ní jī yǔ cí “ Maleth”, yì wéi bì fēng gǎng 。
lì shǐ
gōng yuán qián 10 shì jì qǐ , féi ní jī rén biàn zài cǐ dìng jū , qián 8 shì jì mǎ 'ěr tā bèi xī là rén zhàn lǐng , qián 4 shì jì yòu bèi jiā tài jī zhàn lǐng 。 qián 218 nián shǐ bèi gǔ luó mǎ tǒng zhì 。 9 shì jì qǐ mǎ 'ěr tā yòu xiān hòu bèi bài zhàn tíng dì guó 、 ā lā bó dì guó 、 nuò màn rén tǒng zhì 。 1523 nián , shèng yuē hàn qí shì tuán cóng luó dé dǎo yí jū zhè lǐ , bìng huò dé shén shèng luó mǎ dì guó huáng dì chá lǐ wǔ shì de chéng rèn 。 zhè zhī qí shì tuán hòu gǎi míng wéi mǎ 'ěr tā qí shì tuán 。 1565 nián de mǎ 'ěr tā dà wéi gōng zhàn yì zhōng , qí shì tuán jī bài liǎo 'ào sī màn dì guó , cǐ cì zhàn yì shì mǎ 'ěr tā lì shǐ shàng zuì zhòng dà de shì jiàn , yīn wéi tā zǔ zhǐ liǎo 'ào sī màn dì guó jìn yī bù xiàng xī kuò zhāng 。 1798 nián , ná pò lún shuài fǎ guó jūn duì jiāng qí shì tuán zhú chū 。 1800 nián yīng guó zhàn lǐng mǎ 'ěr tā 。 1814 nián zhèng shì lún wéi yīng guó zhí mín dì 。 1964 nián 9 yuè 21 rì zhèng shì dú lì , wéi yīng lián bāng chéng yuán guó , 2004 nián 5 yuè 1 rì chéng wéi 'ōu méng huì yuán guó , zài 2007 nián 12 yuè 21 rì chéng wéi shēn gēn gōng yuē huì yuán guó 。
zhèng zhì
1964 nián 7 yuè 21 rì bān bù de dú lì xiàn fǎ guī dìng , mǎ 'ěr tā wéi jūn zhù lì xiàn zhì zhèng tǐ , yīng guó nǚ wáng wéi mǎ 'ěr tā guó jiā yuán shǒu 。 1974 nián 12 yuè 13 rì xiū gǎi xiàn fǎ , mǎ 'ěr tā chéng wéi gòng hé guó , zǒng tǒng wèiguó jiā yuán shǒu , yóu yì huì xuǎn jǔ chǎn shēng , rèn qī wǔ nián 。 yì huì wéi yī yuàn zhì , chēng zhòng yì yuàn 。
dì lǐ
mǎ 'ěr tā wèi yú dì zhōng hǎi zhōng bù , miàn jī 316 píng fāng gōng lǐ , běi jù xī xī lǐ dǎo 93 gōng lǐ 。 quán guó yóu mǎ 'ěr tā dǎo 、 gē zuǒ ( Gozo)、 kē mǐ nuò ( Comino)、 kē mǐ nuò tuō hé fěi 'ěr fū lā dǎo wǔ gè xiǎo dǎo zǔ chéng , qí zhōng zhǐ yòu mǎ 'ěr tā dǎo 、 gē zuǒ 、 kē mǐ nuò sān dǎo yòu rén jū zhù 。 miàn jī zuì dà de mǎ 'ěr tā dǎo , yuē 245 píng fāng gōng lǐ 。
qì hòu
zhù tiáo mù : mǎ 'ěr tā qì hòu
mǎ 'ěr tā dǎo dì shì xī gāo dōng dī , yǐ qiū líng wéi zhù , quē fá dàn shuǐ 。 mǎ 'ěr tā shǔ yà rè dài dì zhōng hǎi shì qì hòu , dōng jì duō yǔ , xià jì gāo wēn gān zào 。
jīng jì
zhù tiáo mù : mǎ 'ěr tā jīng jì
mǎ 'ěr tā zì rán zī yuán pín fá , kuàng chǎn zī yuán jǐn yòu shí huī yán , yòu yīn wéi tǔ céng qiǎn bó , quē fá guàn gài shuǐ yuán , mǎ 'ěr tā nóng yè bù fā dá , nóng fù chǎn pǐn shàng bù néng zìjǐ , liáng shí 、 ròu qín děng zhù yào yǐ lài jìn kǒu 。 mǎ 'ěr tā jīng jì yǐ kào jiā gōng zhì zào yè ( zhù yào shì diàn zǐ 、 fǎng zhì )、 lǚ yóu yè 、 guó jì mào yì 。 mǎ 'ěr tā zài 2004 nián 5 yuè 1 rì chéng wéi 'ōu méng chéng yuán zhī yī , gòng yú 2008 nián yǐ 'ōu yuán wéi huò bì 。
rén kǒu
mǎ 'ěr tā shì shì jiè shàng rén kǒu zuì chóu mì de guó jiā zhī yī , měi píng fāng qiān mǐ yuē 1250 rén 。 zhù yào shì mǎ 'ěr tā rén , zhàn zǒng rén kǒu de jiǔ chéng , qí yú wéi 'ā lā bó rén 、 yì dà lì rén 、 yīng guó rén děng 。 guān fāng yǔ yán wéi mǎ 'ěr tā yǔ hé yīng yǔ , tōng yòng yì dà lì yǔ 。 tiān zhù jiào wèiguó jiào , shǎo shù rén xìn fèng jī dū jiào xīn jiào hé xī là dōng zhèng jiào 。
wén huà
mǎ 'ěr tā wén huà shì shù shì jì lái bù tóng wén huà zài mǎ 'ěr tā dǎo shàng xiāng hù jiē chù róng hé de chǎn wù , bāo kuò lín jìn de dì zhōng hǎi dì qū de wén huà yǐ jí 1964 nián mǎ 'ěr tā dú lì qián céng cháng qī tǒng zhì guǎn lǐ gāi dì de zhū duō guó jiā de wén huà 。
měi shí
zhù tiáo mù : mǎ 'ěr tā cài
mǎ 'ěr tā cài shì jǐ gè shì jì yǐ lái dǎo shàng jū mín yǔ lái mǎ 'ěr tā dìng jū de wài lái zhě zài pēngtiáo xí guàn shàng hù xiāng yǐng xiǎng de jiēguǒ , zhè zhǒng jié hé shǐ mǎ 'ěr tā cài hùn hé liǎo dì zhōng hǎi zhōu wéi gè dì de yǐn shí kǒu wèi 。 jìn guǎn xǔ duō cài shì shì dǎo shàng tè yòu de , rán 'ér yī bù fēn hěn shòu huān yíng de cài shì de zuò fǎ què shì yuán zì xī xī lǐ dǎo 、 yì dà lì nán bù yǐ jí zhōng dōng dì qū 。 bèi dāng dì rén chēng wéi ftirabiż-żejt,ġbejniet hé pastizzi de shí wù biàn shì hěn hǎo de lì zǐ 。
tè bié huó dòng
wēi xíng fēi jī jù lè bù zài zuì jìn shí nián bǎ cǐ háng kōng yùn dòng ( wēi xíng fēi jī ) tuī zhǎn dào dǎo shàng , bìng qiě zài shí nián nèi zǒng gòng yòu 22 jià wēi xíng fēi jī cóng mǎ 'ěr tā guó jì jī chǎng qǐ fēi 。
Malta /ˈmɔːltə/, officially the Republic of Malta (Maltese: Repubblika ta' Malta), is a densely populated developed European country in the European Union. The Southern European island nation is an archipelago that includes the inhabited islands of Malta, Gozo and Comino, along with a number of smaller, uninhabited islands. It is situated centrally in the Mediterranean Sea, 93 km south of Sicily (Italy) and 288 km north-east of Tunisia. Gibraltar is 1,826 km to the west and Alexandria, Egypt, 1,510 km to the east.
Malta is just over 300 km² with an estimated population of more than 400,000 people. Malta's de facto capital is Valletta and the biggest city is Birkirkara. The islands enjoy a Mediterranean climate. The country's official languages are Maltese and English, which replaced Italian in 1934. Throughout its history, Malta's location in the Mediterranean Sea has given it a strategic importance. A sequence of powers including the Phoenicians, Romans, Fatimids, Sicilians, Knights of St John, French and British have all ruled the islands. Malta gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1964 and became a Republic in 1974, whilst retaining membership in the Commonwealth of Nations. It is a member of the United Nations (since 1964) and a member of the European Union (since 2004). Malta is also party to the Schengen Agreement (since 2007) and member of the eurozone (since 2008).
Malta is known for its world heritage sites, most prominently the Megalithic Temples which are the oldest free-standing structures in Europe.
Malta has a long Christian legacy and is an Apostolic See. According to the Acts of the Apostles, St. Paul was shipwrecked on the island and ministered there, indeed Catholicism continues to be the official and dominant religion in Malta.
Malta is also suggested as a hypothetical location of the mythical lost island of Atlantis.[17 nán 'ōu dǎo guó 。 zài dì zhōng hǎi zhōng bù 。 miàn jī 316 píng fāng qiān mǐ 。 rén kǒu 37 wàn (1995 nián )。 shǒu dū wǎ lāi tǎ , chuán bó xiū zào hé lǚ yóu yè shì zhù yào jīng jì zhī zhù 。 mǎ 'ěr tā zuì jiā lǚ yóu shí jiān : mǎ 'ěr tā shì biāo zhǔn de dì zhōng hǎi qì hòu , sì jì wēn hé , yáng guāng chōng zú , yī nián zhōng de dà bù fēn shí jiān dū shì yí lǚ yóu 。 xià jì shāo rè , yí chuān bó 'ér tòu qì de yī shān ; dōng jì qì wēn yī bān zài 10 ℃ zuǒ yòu , chuān yī jiàn máo yī jiù kě yǐ liǎo 。
měi nián de 1 yuè zhì 10 yuè shì mǎ 'ěr tā de lǚ yóu wàng jì 。 mǎ 'ěr tā tè bié tí xǐng : 1、 xiàng mǎ 'ěr tā lǚ yóu jú shēn qǐng lǚ yóu qiān zhèng bì xū tí gōng : wǎng fǎn jī piào 、 yāo qǐng hán yuán jiàn 、 3 zhāng 2 cùn zhào piàn 、 shēn qǐng biǎo yǐ jí 300 yuán rén mín bì shǒu xù fèi 。
2、 mǎ 'ěr tā de yínháng gōng zuò shí jiān tōng cháng zhǐ yòu bàn tiān , zhōu yī dào zhōu wǔ wéi 8:30-12:30, zhōu liù zhǐ yíng yè dào 11:30。 jī chǎng de wài bì duì huàn chù 24 xiǎo shí fú wù , yínháng de wài bì duì huàn dào xià wǔ sì diǎn jié shù 。
3、 mǎ 'ěr tā zhù huá dà shǐ guǎn dì zhǐ : běi jīng shì cháo yáng qū sān lǐ tún wài jiāo gōng yù 1 - 52; yóu biān 100600; diàn huà 010-65323114; chuán zhēn 65326125; diàn zǐ yóu xiāng maltaemb@public.bta.net.cn
mǎ 'ěr tā měi shí : mǎ 'ěr tā dì chù dì zhōng hǎi zhōng xīn , gè shì gè yàng de hǎi chǎn pǐn hěn duō , nán 'ōu wēn hé de qì hòu gèng shǐ zhè lǐ wù chǎn fēng fù 。 dào mǎ 'ěr tā lái , bù dàn kě yǐ bǎo cān wèi měi de hǎi xiān cài yáo , cǐ wài , dāng dì tè chǎn de pú táo jiǔ 、 diǎn xīn hé gè shì shū guǒ yě huì lìng nǐ dà kuài duǒ yí 。
jì rán lái dào liǎo mǎ 'ěr tā , yī dìng bù yào cuò guò yòu “ gāo guì zhī chéng ” zhī chēng de mǔ dí nà 。 zhè lǐ de chéng qiáng shàng yòu liǎng jiān mí rén 'ér yǐn mì de xiǎo cān tīng , huán jìng fēi cháng hǎo , bàng biān yòu shì yě kāi kuò de liàowàng tái , chéng qiáng xià de lǜ sè píng yuán hé yuǎn chù de dà hǎi jìn shōu yǎn dǐ 。 mǎ 'ěr tā gòu wù : mǎ 'ěr tā de gòu wù jiē hé shāng diàn fēn bù jiào wéi jí zhōng , wú lùn shì kāi chē guò qù hái shì chéng gōng jiāo chē guò qù dōuhěn fāng biàn 。 shāng diàn yī bān zài shàng wǔ jiǔ diǎn kāi mén , xià wǔ yī diǎn xiū xī , zhí dào xià wǔ sì diǎn zài chóngxīn yíng yè , wǎn shàng qī diǎn zhèng shì dǎyàng 。 yī xiē fán huá dì duàn de shāng diàn zé huì yán chí dào wǎn shàng shí diǎn guān mén 。 dàn shì xīng qī tiān hé guó dìng jiàrì qī jiān , shāng diàn dōushì bù kāi mén de 。
zài yī xiē jiào dà de shāng diàn hé cān guǎn lǐ , xìn yòng kǎ 、 lǚ xíng zhī piào dōukě yǐ shǐ yòng , dàn yóu kè zuì hǎo shì xiān xún wèn qīng chǔ , yǐ miǎn dào liǎo dāng dì hòu fā xiàn gāi kǎ huò lǚ xíng zhī piào bù néng shǐ yòng 。
lìng wài , zài mǎ 'ěr tā suǒ yòu de chéng shì huò xiāng cūn zhōng , měi zhōu dōuyòu yī tiān yòu lù tiān shì chǎng , quán guó zuì dà de lù tiān shì chǎng shì wèi yú shǒu dū wǎ lāi tǎ shāng yè dà jiē ( merchantsstreet) shàng de xīng qī rì shàng wǔ shì chǎng 。
mǎ 'ěr tā jiāo tōng : háng kōng : lún dūn 、 fǎ lán kè fú 、 luó mǎ 、 bā lí 、 ā mǔ sī tè dān děng 'ōu zhōu zhù yào chéng shì dōuyòu dìng qī háng bān fēi wǎng mǎ 'ěr tā 。 mǎ 'ěr tā háng kōng gōng sī měi zhōu yòu 14 gè háng bān cóng lún dūn fēi dǐ mǎ 'ěr tā , fēi xíng shí jiān dà yuē wéi 3 xiǎo shí 15 fēn zhōng 。 lí mǎ 'ěr tā zuì jìn de 'ōu zhōu dà chéng shì shì yì dà lì luó mǎ , fēi xíng shí jiān zhǐ xū yào 1 gè xiǎo shí zuǒ yòu 。
shuǐ yùn : cóng xī xī dǎo chéng chuán qù mǎ 'ěr tā fēi cháng fāng biàn
mǎ 'ěr tā zhù sù : mǎ 'ěr tā yòu xǔ duō gǔ diǎn shì yàng de lǚ guǎn , kǎ sī tí 'ěr qí shì lǚ guǎn ( rú tú ) jiù shì qí zhōng de dài biǎo 。 lái dào yòu “ dì zhōng hǎi jīn yín dǎo ” zhī chēng de mǎ 'ěr tā , rú guǒ bù zhù yī xià zhè yàng de lǎo shì jiàn zhù , kě jiù tài yí hàn liǎo 。 : MT Malta n.: malta, Republic of Malta n. Malte mǎ 'ěr tā gòng hé guó fǎ guó rén wù xīn lǐ xué jiā mín zú lǚ yóu dì lǐ miào shì jiè yí chǎn dì xià gōng diàn dì zhōng hǎi mǎ 'ěr tā gòng hé guó dǎo yǔ ōu zhōu yǔ yán xué xiǎo yǔ zhǒng gèng duō jiēguǒ ...
mǎ 'ěr tā yǔ mǎ 'ěr tā rén mǎ 'ěr tā de mǎ 'ěr tā māo mǎ 'ěr tā chéng mǎ 'ěr tā rè mǎ 'ěr tā quǎn mǎ 'ěr tā dǎo mǎ 'ěr tā bàng mǎ 'ěr tā bēi mǎ 'ěr tā yáo mǎ 'ěr tā yǔ de mǎ 'ěr tā rén de qíng liú mǎ 'ěr tā mǎ 'ěr tā guó qí mǎ 'ěr tā lǐ lā mǎ 'ěr tā nǚ shén mǎ 'ěr tā guó huī mǎ 'ěr tā hēi yīng mǎ 'ěr tā shí zì mǎ 'ěr tā dà xué mǎ 'ěr tā zhī yīng mǎ 'ěr tā qiān zhèng mǎ 'ěr tā lǚ yóu mǎ 'ěr tā liú xué mǎ 'ěr tā xióng yīng mǎ 'ěr tā jī gòu mǎ 'ěr tā xié yì mǎ 'ěr tā yǔ yán de mǎ 'ěr tā de xuán fēng mǎ 'ěr tā gòng hé guó mǎ 'ěr tā qí shì tuán mǎ 'ěr tā jù shí miào mǎ 'ěr tā gòng chǎn dǎng mǎ 'ěr tā dà wáng gōng mǎ 'ěr tā zì yóu gǎng mǎ 'ěr tā shèng qiáo zhì mǎ 'ěr tā dǎo bǎo wèi zhàn mǎ 'ěr tā lú kǎ jī chǎng mǎ 'ěr tā háng kōng gōng sī mǎ 'ěr tā jù shí shén miào mǎ 'ěr tā yǎ sī xué xiào mǎ 'ěr tā zú qiú lián sài mǎ 'ěr tā shí zì yóu chuō mǎ 'ěr tā guó jì shuāng nián zhǎn mǎ 'ěr tā shèng mǎ dīng xué yuàn mǎ 'ěr tā guó jiā zú qiú duì mǎ 'ěr tā qiē 'ěr bó xué yuàn mǎ 'ěr tā juàn máo shī zǐ quǎn mǎ 'ěr tā guó jiā tú shū guǎn mǎ 'ěr tā bù lǔ shì jūn bìng mǎ 'ěr tā shèng mǎ dīng xìn xī jì shù xué yuàn zhōng guó 2010 nián shàng hǎi shì bó huì mǎ 'ěr tā guǎn mǎ 'ěr tā shǒu nǎo huì tán chéng liǎo lěng zhàn jié shù de xiàng zhēng
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