Under pathological conditions, when the body [bhco3] reduce or [h2co3] increases, can make [bhco3] / [h2co3] ratio decrease, causing reduced blood ph value, called acidosis. Acid accumulation in blood and tissues of the body, characterized by increased hydrogen ion concentration in blood, ph value decreased. Acidosis: the accumulation of acidic substances in the blood and tissues of the body, which is characterized by the hydrogen ion concentration in the blood rises, ph value decreased.
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Classification of Diseases
酸中毒 疾病分类
Endocrinology
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Symptoms and signs
Shock, diabetes, uremia, diarrhea
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Types of diseases
First, metabolic acidosis Metabolic acidosis (metabolic acidosis) is characterized by a plasma [hco-] Primary reduced. Metabolic acidosis can be divided into two categories according to whether to increase ag: ag class increased metabolic acidosis, patient plasma [cl-] levels are normal, which is often mentioned in the literature of normal blood chloride metabolic acidosis in poison. ag normal classes metabolic acidosis, patient plasma [cl-] levels are elevated, which is often referred to high blood chloride metabolic acidosis in the literature. Second, respiratory acidosis Respiratory toxicity (respiratory acidosis) is characterized by plasma [h2co3] Primary increased. 1. The respiratory center inhibition of some central nervous system diseases such as brain tumor extension, the extension of cerebral polio, encephalitis, meningitis, vertebral artery embolism or thrombosis, increased intracranial pressure, brain trauma, the respiratory center Activities can be inhibited, so that ventilation reduced co2 accumulation. In addition, some drugs such as narcotics, tranquilizers, sedatives (morphine, pentobarbital sodium, etc.) are inhibit breathing, excessive doses can cause hypoventilation. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors such as acetazolamide can cause metabolic acidosis poisoning mentioned before. It also inhibits carbonic anhydrase in red blood cells leaving the reduction of co2 released from red blood cells in the lungs, causing elevated arterial pco2. There is a tendency for the sick and wounded acidosis should be used with caution in this drug. 2. Breathing nerve, muscle dysfunction seen in polio, acute infectious polyneuritis (guillain-barre syndrome) botulism, myasthenia gravis, hypokalemia, or familial periodic paralysis, spinal cord injury . In severe cases, paralysis of respiratory muscles can. After 3 thoracic thoracic abnormalities affecting the respiratory motion abnormalities are common spine, scoliosis, flail chest (flail chest), the relationship between ankylosing spondylitis (ankylosing spondylitis), cardiopulmonary obesity syndrome (picwick syndrome) and so on. 4 airway obstruction common foreign body obstruction, laryngeal edema and inhalation of vomit. 5. Extensive lung disease is the most common cause of respiratory acidosis. It includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, severe interstitial lung disease. These lesions can seriously impede alveolar ventilation. Excessive inhalation of respirable refers 6.co2 gas co2 concentration is too high, as bad as trenches, tanks, and other confined space ventilation environment. At this time does not reduce alveolar ventilation.
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Disease etiology
酸中毒 疾病病因
酸中毒 疾病病因
Note acidosis may induce various diseases such as shock, diabetes, uremia, some renal tubular disease, severe diarrhea, procuring acidosis ever taking drugs such as ammonium chloride, and salicylic acid.
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Diagnostic tests
酸中毒 诊断检查
酸中毒 诊断检查
A determination of blood immediately after admission, hematocrit, blood gas analysis, carbon dioxide combining power, sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, urea nitrogen, after investigation, where appropriate, potassium, sodium, chloride, blood gas and carbon dioxide combining power per day or every other day until normal. Measured immediately urine, ketones, sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, and ph. 2 ECG before treatment and after the start of treatment 4 ~ 6h each check a second, discretionary review. Necessary measure blood lactate levels. 3 records within 24h fluid intake and output types, particular attention should be urine.
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Treatment programs
酸中毒 治疗方案
1 Press routine medical care in general. Bed rest, keep warm. 2 cause of treatment. 3 if dehydration, intravenous verdict, 5% glucose solution and saline, depending on the condition determines the amount of fluid. 4 basic drugs can be used 5% sodium bicarbonate 2 ~ 4ml/kg, intravenous, or 11.2% sodium lactate 1 ~ 1.5ml/kg (except lactic acid poisoning). Jiyong sodium, the choice of 7.28% tromethamine (tham) doubled after 2 ~ 3ml/kg diluted infusion. Depending on the clinical manifestations of these drugs and blood gas analysis results day can be repeated 1-2 times. 5 critically ill patients still referring to the amount of alkaline medicinal following formula: (1) (a patient's normal base excess base excess) × 0.3 × weight (kg) = mmol (hco-3). (2) (Normal co2 adhesion vol% - Patients co2 binding force vol%) × 0.5 × weight (ke) = m1 (5% sodium bicarbonate solution dosage) (3) (normal co2 adhesion vol% - Patients c02 binding force vol%) × 0.5 × weight (kg) = m1 (11.2% lactate solution dosage) (4) Normal patients co2 co2 adhesion bonding mmol/l- mmol / l) × 0.6 × weight (kg) = mmol (tham amount). Note: ① base excess (be) normal to-3mmol / l meter; ② 1g of sodium bicarbonate containing about hco-312mmol; ③ normal c02 binding force to 50vo1% or 22mmol / l meter; ④ co2 mmol binding force and volume conversion method : mmol / l = vo1 ÷ 2.24; ⑤ 7.28thamlml containing about tham0.6mmol. 6. According to the test results to correct electrolyte imbalance.
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Wikipedia Encyclopedia
酸中毒 百科大全
酸中毒 百科大全
suanzhongdu Acidosis acidosis Plasma pH value of less than 7.35, clinical divided into metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis. Normal body fluids pH maintained at a certain level. pH of 7.35 to 7.45. Excessive accumulation of acidic substances such as alkaline substances considerable loss, the body can not maintain a relative balance of acid and acidosis. Common cause of severe diarrhea, kidney failure, fever, anorexia, diabetic ketoacidosis, bleeding, shock, severe lack of alveolar ventilation, type Ⅱ respiratory failure. The body has some compensatory ability acidosis, early generally asymptomatic, can occur in severe fatigue, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms, severe cases, coma and death. Treatment should be for the cause, and the use of oral or intravenous sodium bicarbonate and other alkaline and saline solution to correct metabolic acidosis. Respiratory acidosis is mainly the alveolar ventilation recovery, eliminating the accumulation of carbon dioxide. [Shu]
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English Expression
: oxidosis, acid intoxication
n.: acidosis, condition of having too much acid in the blood or body tissues
