Middle Name: Orangutans Scientific name: pongo pygmmaeus Fame: orang-utan Location: Sumatra, Borneo Physiological period: 29 days Pregnancy: 230 ~ 260 days Is a gorilla family, is a very rare primates. Orangutan called people to the world's most naive mammals. Orangutans and gorillas and chimpanzees together is often referred to as "mankind's most immediate relatives." Currently only in Borneo and Sumatra Island has a small lowland orangutans survive, the world's only less than 30,000. In Malay, orang-utan (orangutan) means "forest people." Although the Government of Indonesia and Malaysia have introduced laws related to the protection of orangutans, but because of its habitat is being destroyed agricultural production and harvesting activities, plus capture and human trafficking, some experts had predicted, if not protected, in 2020 Prior, orangutans may become extinct. Orangutan is a gentle, intelligent fun, happy and mischievous animals. Orangutan and human behavior is extremely similar, so called "woods woman." They like hanging in a tree swing, lived easygoing day. Orangutans in Borneo origin, known as "forest people" because they are particularly fond of playing in the trees, and looks very much like people. Over the years, the orangutan constantly being caught out from the woods, obedient and well-behaved pets become human.
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Habits and characteristics
红毛猩猩 习性与特征
红毛猩猩 习性与特征
红毛猩猩 习性与特征
[Features] Orangutans body with long reddish-brown thick long hair, smooth hairless face only. Upper than the lower limb, hand, foot and thumb are very short, no tail. After the adult male ape, throat bags will gradually down to the chest relaxation, cheeks and eyes on both sides of the top of the president's sarcoma-like chunks of fat, if reared under the weight up to 200 kg, into a mammoth monster. Young orangutan golden color, adult orangutan was dark brown. Living in the island of Sumatra orangutans in Borneo orangutans skin whiter than the skin. Orangutans slender arms length up to 2.25 meters. Hands long and narrow, thumb hands and feet showed relative shape. When orangutans upright height of up to 1.5 meters, maximum weight of 65 female orangutan kg male is up to 144 kg. If necessary, the orangutan knows how to put on a bluffing look to defend their territory. It is often exaggerated gestures scare intruders, such as mouth issued a rumbling sound, and seemed to declare their presence and inviolable. This sounds emitted orangutan often place a few kilometers away can be heard. Orangutans are accustomed to during the day foraging, every night 12-18 meters in height from the ground to build a new nest. Orangutans live a little social life generally, only a small number of female orangutan with a gorilla, and the male is alone scattered in the vicinity, only when the heat back to the mother orangutan residence. Mother orangutan is due to take care of future generations, so that poachers are always shot first female orangutans, chimpanzees can be successfully captured. Hunters who smuggle them exported to all over the world, especially Southeast Asia and Taiwan Province of China. [Diet] tend vegetarian food, fruits, leaves, shoots, etc., but also eat eggs, especially among eating durian fruit. [Habit] orangutans life of about 30 years of life, they are polygamous society, mostly living in tropical rainforests and wetlands in the forest, from the high canopy portion to the lower branches are their range of activities, at night They will take the branches off a tree into a simple laying nest to sleep, and each nest is used only once. Activities in the tree, usually a slow moving hands and feet when walking on the ground on all fours is also due to slow, moving only a day at most, about one kilometer, not vertical jump, a huge difference compared to chimpanzees agile and lively interesting, they do not love sound, fairly quiet, especially after growing male orangutan often sedentary, like a philosopher, therefore Malay called "forest people." They usually operate in small groups constitute life, groups usually consists of only a few female ape ape with composition. Separate male ape usually scattered elsewhere, will come only when estrus mate with female ape, would leave Cleveland after mating, leaving alone the small orangutan orangutan mother brought up. Mother orangutan during rearing, and other public orangutans will no longer mate, probably about seven years time dependent, so a female orangutan born at the most three times a lifetime. As the number of orang orangutan should not have more, combined with human development and forest poking orangutans, and caught orangutans, gorillas normally must first kill the mother, endure extremely miserable, making the number of orangutans Origin on the verge of extinction in the international community has been strictly protected.
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Geographical distribution
红毛猩猩 分布地区
红毛猩猩 分布地区
红毛猩猩 分布地区
Orangutans living in tropical mountain forests of northern Borneo and Sumatra, lowland dipterocarp forests, tropical forests and peat bogs tropical forest health. Now found wetland forest habitats of high-density living orangutan population; northern Sumatra there are about 9,000 orangutans survive, they are one of the main activities in the surrounding national park; otherwise 10000-15000 orangutans live in Borneo Island, the main activities in eight quarantine.
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Orangutans ancient relatives: chimpanzees
红毛猩猩的远古亲戚：猩猩
In Thailand unearthed more than ten million years ago, the big ape fossils, probably orangutan ancestors and relatives. In fact, this is only the fossil teeth, but like a great orangutan teeth. France, one of the discoverers of the fossil univ. Montpellier of jean-jacques jaeger think it is closer than the other big orangutan ape fossils. Was named lufengpithecus chiangmuanensis great apes may have seventy kilograms heavy, living in 13.5 to 10 million years ago, tropical forests of northern Thailand. Peter andrews Museum of Natural History in London that this is just the beginning, in Southeast Asia, there are still many species. But lufengpithecus almost certainly not the orangutan ancestors. He and distribution in Europe and China's great apes about a million years ago, scientists have not been able to determine the relationship between them. Most orangutans have been extinct relatives only found the head Lu and teeth, in addition to sivapithecus in Pakistan, they look exactly like orangutans, but other aspects are great differences. Their bones show them as four-legged like a baboon. univ. illinois in chicago oral biologist jay kelley warned, comparing the relationship between the teeth is not a good indication of the animals, because animals can grow very different from similar teeth. kelly lufengpithecus discovered in southern China's other two species, he believes that head Lu looks less like orangutans, and younger than the kind in Thailand for several million years. Orangutans are the only great apes known fossil record in Africa have not yet found the fossil ancestors of chimpanzees and gorillas.
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Orangutans moribund status quo
红毛猩猩 濒临绝境的现状
Since the reduction of forest area and rampant poaching, orangutans today has the verge of extinction. Allegedly the world only remaining 50,000 to 60,000 orangutans, and they have more than 3/4 living in Sumatra and Borneo Island. According to the International Orangutan Foundation's historical data, the number of orangutans in the whole of Southeast Asia have hundreds of thousands, of which an estimated 7,000 to 7,500 living in the island of Sumatra, Indonesia. In the past 20 years, the survival of the orangutan forest stands to about 80% being felled or burned. Now it has been recognized as the World Conservation Union severely endangered species, wildlife protection in the researchers predict that if poaching and environmental destruction on unchecked, the world's largest population of wild orangutans will be extinct in 10 years.
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Orangutans dawn from savior
Indonesia and Malaysia, the two countries are making active efforts to save these animals, in Malaysia Borneo Sepilok (sepilok) Orang Utan Rehabilitation Centre is part of a series of rescue plan. From 1964 onwards, the rehabilitation center began to receive rescue and protect orangutans, orangutan climbing skills to teach youth of today has become Malaysia Sepilok Development under the Ministry of Tourism and Environment wildlife protection agencies. Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (bos) also plays an irreplaceable role. The organization was founded in 1991, a number of Indonesian and Dutch royal elites contributed to promote the establishment of this organization. Aims to introduce to the public the orangutan, orangutan push save and protect habitat, through information dissemination, education and publicity programs to raise public awareness of the protection of the orangutan. In Sumatra and Borneo orangutan habitat of many, you can see the Foundation's experts and employees of the figure, the Danes Lorna is one of them. Lorna is the Foundation in Borneo Virginia Luhrmann vine (nyaru menteng) branching structure responsible person. Where more than 3,000 adoptions only primates, of which there are hundreds of just a cub. These are rescue animals mainly from government departments and forest fire rescue rescued out of the survivors. Local farmers to plant high economic value Palmolive hesitate to burn the original forest, in August 2005, by the local landowners who have deliberately lit a fire, making the Foundation adopted orangutan increasing exponentially. These realities, so Lorna and her colleagues distressed.
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Orangutans war with smugglers
红毛猩猩 与走私犯的战争
Another huge threat to orangutans that animal smuggling. Today, rare animal smuggling has become the world's third largest transnational criminal activities, such as drugs and arms as it has its own huge system. Another animal species resources is extremely rich country of Brazil found that every year from Brazil to sell stolen animals up to 38 million, most of these animals on the black market in developed countries, processed into a variety of luxury, supplements and or is deemed to have money people pets. These molecules Blackhand not let stealing and selling cute orangutan. Every year, nearly 1,000 orangutans are professional poachers, smugglers, and even farm workers secretly stealing and selling abroad. Thailand, Taiwan and other Asia-Pacific region has some of the orangutan black market. cnn's reporter recently found on the black market in Indonesia, only about 16,000 yuan RMB together you can get a cute orangutan, and local residents become accustomed. Thailand's entertainment products company attempted to provide a living plush toy for the customers, making it the young orangutan smuggling final buyers. They abuse Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora Convention on International Trade (cites) awarded licenses through bribery of customs, and other secret operations, long engaged in this dirty business. September 2003, more than 100 illegally smuggled orangutans in Bangkok suburbs a large park - Safari World was found. There, during a boxing match their performances, attracting a large number of passing tourists gathered to watch. If such semi-public performances hurt orangutans, then those things secretly breeding orangutans as pets even be impossible statistics. In the international market, smuggling, orangutans are not the most expensive, more expensive than it is for example macaws, lizards and some rare fish up to thousands of dollars. These animals kept as pets for adoption in some private zoo, and even that is a little bit of a spacious courtyard. Adoptees think loving animals, but conservationists believe that such adoptions fueling rampant smugglers, illegal smuggling of animals cultivate a huge worldwide. Such adoptions very subtle, only a few of the acts will be publicly disclosed. For similar things, experts Foundation is also very helpless, they can only continue to appeal to educate people to stop illegal feeding behavior of orangutans.
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Orangutans Wildlife SOS
红毛猩猩 野生动物的呼救
The year 2000, humanity has entered brightest new millennium, however, in the new millennium which Taiwan has undergone two thought-provoking wildlife conservation events. One of them is in the July 11, Kaohsiung Customs found a fishing boat from Vietnam, smuggling of 17 new born golden-cheeked gibbon, macaque and the pigtail macaques and other protected species censored small apes. Their weak body stuffed bird cage, as if still trembling, his eyes flashing from time to time to panic, panic mood, but can not imagine how they have come to a strange place, far away from home is good, too, had lost his mother gently embrace. Another incident, in October 2, Meinong Township, Kaohsiung County police in a sundries shop and found a four off the palm Formosan black bear, a macaque's skull, ironically, the zoologist has been very less in the mountains to witness the whereabouts of the Formosan black bear, now so rare endangered species, but in general appear connoisseurs favorite sundries shop for all sectors in recent years to promote the concept of conservation, and will undoubtedly be a wake-up call, it is needed to allow conservationists Li Ti harder. Like this either smuggled endangered species from overseas to Taiwan, the island is still illegal to sell, slaughter of protected wild animal cases have been incidents over the years. For example, 15 years ago had occurred while Xiaogongmao orangutan smuggling boom, caused by the origin of the great apes in tropical rainforest of Borneo in Southeast Asia, one of the initiator feeding boom in Taiwan, at the time turned out to be a popular Welcome, suitable for the whole family to watch, entertainment-rich nature of the television programs of social education; in that program, in order to increase the gimmick, production units, particularly "hire" of a young orangutans as "assistant", making orangutans in Taiwan rage. It is estimated that in the next six or seven of them, by some people rush to stimulate the pet market in Taiwan is only approximate smuggled orangutans nearly a thousand babies. However, because under natural conditions, are subject to the newborn orangutan mother tightly in the chest by adequate care and care of the mother, and therefore, when captured in the wild orangutan babies, you must first remove it adult mother and another 2-3 joint activities or semi-adult orangutans. In addition, because it is illegal smuggling of these animals tend to be piles of boxes stuffed in a small, under prolonged lack of food, water shortages and lack of room to stretch limbs circumstances, the individual 3/4 or so in transit because of starvation, dehydration or attack each other, biting and death, really reach the hands of the individual pet lovers in Taiwan may be less than 200. In other words, that just a few years, Taiwan's enviable economic strength and causing approximately 4000-5000, or more orangutans disappeared from their rainforest home. For such a number of the wild population has no more than 10,000 of the endangered animals, our "consumption" ability shameful indeed! Even less than 200 lucky individuals that arrived in Taiwan, more than half of pet owners also are under no experience and animals do not fully understand the situation, because of improper care and death, cause of death most serious long-term nutritional deficiencies , or infectious diseases such as influenza, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and hepatitis. Ironic is that those few lucky enough to save orangutans were alive today, and now has more than 10 years old, but also because of the physical and mature body, will not escape the fate of being abandoned by owners. Because, many years ago, to curiosity, stylish and purchase orangutan populations, do not know this lovely, helpless and sticky little guy can live to forties, fifties and sixties to become president one day, or even 100 kg these behemoths, do not know their strength is more than human 7-10 times, but do not know that they are actually a very smart and eager, highly destructive animals. Although the island breeding orangutans boom has subsided, a large incentive for smuggling disappeared, but the ensuing wave of abandonment, the burden is bound to turn another wave of Taiwanese society. In fact, all animals including apes, including orangutans, are not suitable as pets, in addition to the attendant after the long question, but also because they belong to the same human primates, very similar in the blood, so on diseases and parasitic infections, there will be considerable interoperability, long-term close contact is not good for both sides. For most people, all the wild animals would not be ideal pets because everyone on the living habits of these animals are not enough to understand. It is estimated that tens of thousands around the island monkeys, orangutans, gibbons, tigers, bears, parrots, chameleons, lizards, tortoises and other wild animals as pets with people, and these are be due to Taiwanese pet contests improper culture. Meanwhile, we can already foresee the future of these animals was a question of abandonment. Today, there was a small batch of smuggled apes, is not representative of the new wave of ape smuggling boom coming? How to build a complete network in Taiwan good conservation work, in cooperation with other regions, common to prevent the smuggling of wild animals, to prevent such a tragedy happen again and again, it is worth pondering. However, as in the famous British writer Charles Dickens novel "Tale of Two Cities," said, "This is the worst of times, it was the best of times." Although Taiwan in the new millennium 17 small ape smuggling, as well as events off the palm of the Formosan black bear is occurring, but hope "crisis is a turning point," perhaps in our efforts, these small apes will one day return to their homeland, while There are no more small apes were forced to leave the vast nature, leaving his mother's warm embrace.
