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[Science is] gouramis Division
[Origin] Asia Thailand Malaysia Indonesia
Pearl fish, elongated oval, flat side, pale forked caudal fin, body length up to 12 cm. Fish color is silver, the body and fins are covered with pearl-type spots, so called pearl fish. The lower part of the mouth and chest of shiny gold, from the mouth to the caudal peduncle at the base, along the lateral line, one from each side of the body composition of black male He spots the vertical bar spinning. Front of anal fin is golden yellow, pelvic fins have evolved into filamentous antennae, golden brown.
Pearl is a beautiful fish, one of the most popular large tropical fish, it was swimming up and shining jewels of the body, it is elegant, dignified and elegant, like water wearing a vest pearl queen. Even more interesting is its two golden, long, has evolved into the tentacles of the pelvic fins, often sensitive Hui, in swimming, it will swing around, like the Pathfinder walking stick; not swimming, but also will gently swing, as the Queen of the sort that two long golden braids.
Pearl cable feeding the fish content in the water temperature above 16 ℃, they can grow well. They prefer raw wash water in the weak acid choking. Pearl suitable for mild fish polyculture, they do not choose food to eat animal food.
Relatively easy to identify male and female fish, pearls, and its methods of identification are: male dorsal fin, anal fin are longer, the end was tapered; female dorsal fin, anal fin relatively short, the end of my round, sexual maturity of females abdomen than expansion.
Pearl fish is oviparous fish, relatively easy to breed. Breeding tank size should be 60 * 36 * 30 cm, breeding water temperature to 25 ℃ or so, the water hardness of 6-8 and pH of 6.5-7.5. Pearl fish are bubble nest built into the very breeding, breeding, when the former should put a larger tank daisy grass, its floating in the water main, and then carefully _select_ed by male and female broodstock into the cylinder into the 1:1 ratio when the male into the tank after the House to spittle choose who build bubble nests, occasional nest on the water, grass and chrysanthemum leaf edges together in the bubble nest and pearl fish almost as big. Males build bubble nest, the female patient in the corner and so is Zhu. Bubble nest players, male to female courtship began, the female lure, drive below the nest, the male holds the female bent to throw a great body, the female minister Lord will bubble nest egg when discharged; male body while fine , so that fertilized eggs, while the eggs fall out of his mouth back to the bubble nest bubble nest. Eggs go through several hours to complete. Spawning of broodstock every 600 or so each time, more than 1,000 tablets or more may. After spawning knot applause should remove the other female support, to protect us from the male attack. Male eggs are leaving care.
Male poker very seriously, protecting the eggs, it will fall out of the bubble nest bubble nest the eggs back to his mouth, if the bubble nest is damaged, it will be another time to repair the spittle, and continue to record the water with fins, by the other dissolved oxygen in water.
Fertilized eggs in the male intensive care, after 36 hours can be hatched larvae, then the male should remove, fry for another 36 hours or so to develop into swimming larvae feeding, then be fed "backwater." If too many juvenile fish can be divided into cylinder support, sub-tank fish the same way as Lili. 7 days after the change can be fed small fish and insects. Pearl sexually mature fish 10 months a year, multiply by 10 times on.
Pearl fish breeding ...
First, the name and origin of pearl fish
The scientific name of fish pearl pearl hair foot perch (trichogaster leeri) under gouramis Division (anabantidae). Tropical fish from the birthplace of three of Southeast Asia, to Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia's Sumatra and Kalimantan for the most. His silver-gray body, belly and even the body of the fin-shaped sides are inlaid pearl gray round spots, swimming slowly when the bright lights of flashing body jewelry, and is particularly elegant, soft and charming, they have been praised as a pearl fish. There are other Chinese name Ma pearl turtle, Masan grams of fish, Masan turtle stones line fin fish. The English called pearl gourami (Pearl Angola U.S.) or mosaic gourami (Masaikege Latin America).
Second, the morphology
Third, the habits
1 dissolved oxygen
Pearl Blue Star Fish and fish, Lili fish, plicate gills of a class of auxiliary breathing organ, in the water swallowing air, absorb oxygen from the air, the less oxygen the water can be safe, be kept in fish higher density of the aquarium. At the same time, they swallow air, surface profile is also quite a queue head to appreciate the value of care.
2 temperature
The fish do not like the habitat in the natural flow or completely still waters, required a higher temperature, temperature range of 20 ~ 30 ℃, optimum temperature for the 24 ~ 27 ℃, crystal clear water quality requirements for living in weak acid hard water, so in some high pH environment can not live a good life, revealing the beautiful colors.
3 diet
Like in the upper aquarium feeding, omnivorous fish, do not choose food, preference for Daphnia, chironomid larvae, filarial lines, water worms, shrimp seed, rich in crab and other high-protein seeds of small live bait, but also fed dry feed.
4 feeding
As the body of a larger pearl fish, of cowardice, like plants in the dense habitat, the breeding aquarium should be large enough, and the planting of some of the best plants for their hide, rest. If both stones piled with beautiful rockery is better. Rockery plants and fish can provide pearls hidden places, but also played the "King Fish lining" effect.
Pearl fish, usually docile and good, unlike the general love of climbing perch fishes battle, appropriate and small tropical fish polyculture, but the tiny size of adult fish should not be with light fish such as red lotus fat carp polyculture, because it These fish will chase swallowed, but can not fish with the ferocious nature of polyculture, otherwise they will be frightened and cause dull in color, not even to eat. Is worth noting that, to the breeding of pearl fish become irritable, aggressive, females have a tendency to attack, and usually has little battle between the male, so when binning breeding monoculture.
Pearl juvenile fish timid, very sensitive to water quality, in case of a sudden the light goes out or turned on, larvae due to shy to flee.
Fourth, to identify male and female
Pearl fish breeding male and female general in the five months after the easily distinguished. The male's dorsal, pelvic fins are long and elegant, than the tip end side fins; female's dorsal fin, pelvic fins relatively short, blunt end side fins, body slightly smaller than the expansion of the abdomen (Figure). During the breeding male of the lower jaw to the belly of fish were shown bright orange or red "Marriage color", the beautiful dazzling, but the female is different, the body color pale, less glamorous male cute.
Fifth, the preparatory work before breeding
1. Broodstock _select_ion
Pearl fish, usually after 10 months of growth, body length of up to 6 cm above the reach sexual maturity age. Optional red chest, pelvic fins longer, and robust body, body-color bright males for broodstock. During the breeding period, males have a very significant second feature, it's the individual than the large females, and females have significant enlargement of the individual _select_ion of the abdomen. In addition, the best choice for body length of 7-8 cm in two old fish, their breeding success rate is highest, while more than 10 cm body length of individuals have passed puberty, but reduced reproductive success. Separate male and female fish breeding breeding before the first two weeks or more, with Daphnia and other live bait feeding.
2 breeding aquarium
Broodstock will be carefully _select_ed according to male: female = 1:1 ratio into breeding aquarium, after a period of time, began to breed the preparations.
3 nests with heat
Gonadal development well into the breeding male in the aquarium after 2 to 3 days to find a suitable location, they begin to surface in the water while breathing air, while a little spit bubbles to build a floating bubble fish nest. Its relatively large foam building and relaxation (with a diameter of 5 to 15 cm). In the process of nesting males, females usually next to the stationary, but do not swim close to the bubble nest when it seems to encourage. Male bubble nest is started in heat sign.
Sixth, breeding and nursery
1 mating and calving
After spawning, the female should remove and keep the other sub-boxes, so it swam close to the nest when the male chasing the bubble bite and feed should be careful to take care of fine cast make it in time to restore physical, the male is left guard eggs until hatching, and the burden of responsibility from the custody of juvenile fish.
Pearl fish prolific fish, spawning in larger quantities, each female can lay 500 to 1000, more than those of up to 2000. Eggs small, round, diameter 0.5 mm, white and transparent. Spawning interval of about 10 days.
(2) to protect the eggs and hatching
Male alone to look after the eggs carefully from time to time the bubble nest flapping pectoral fins to increase dissolved oxygen near the eggs, still floating when the fertilized egg outside the nest from the mouth to the title back to the bubble nest, do not spit when more bubbles to fix the foam to protect the sons and daughters of the nest.
This fertilized egg in the male intensive care, the incubation temperature at 27 ℃ or more, the original fertilized egg that becomes lighter color black, one a size like the tip of the larvae at this time will rupture out. Newly hatched fish swimming Aberdeen organ not fully developed, no free-swimming ability, can only be attached to the foam nest * the body with oil to maintain the ball of the yolk sac, still need to take care of male care in the side. And then after 36 hours, the yolk sac larvae disappeared, can take the initiative to swim, but also subtle Daphnia prey on their own, we should be tired of male fish to restocking.
3 nursery
Pearl individual fish larvae smaller than that of other tropical fish, often in the yolk sac disappears, start from the outside food intake, due to lack of food and the survival rate is very low micro, because of the caliber of small larvae, can not do Artemia nauplii opening food, so it is necessary to supply some of the smaller rotifers, paramecium and other components of the palatability of food, in order to improve the survival rate of larvae. And then gradually transition to the future with a fine sieve to filter out small fish and insects feeding. As individuals grow, feeding the fish and insects without screening, also can be fed animal protein in 35% of the dry feed.
4 daily management '
Larval period, because of its gill immature, or because of the high density cultivation of fish in water, prone to hypoxic death, this time should be slightly inflated. In the yolk sac disappears after the week in underwater swimming, generally do not add water, do not change the water; a week later added a small amount of water.
As the larvae grow, feeding to be especially careful, because at this time, 1.5 to 2.5 cm body length of larval respiratory organs is growing subsidiary, such as feeding fish and insects and other live bait without disinfection, and excessive feeding, the quality is also likely turbidity bad, or water encountered the cold air assault, will be suffering from "pneumonia" disease and death. To this end, the water temperature should be some increase, while the aquarium water should not be too deep, so as not to suffer too much pressure on larvae. However, the pearl fish larvae can often robust growth.
Pearl fish in the aquarium environment, good life in the age of 5 or more. |