Pork and Haemophilus disease also called multiple fibrinous serositis and arthritis, also known as Glaser's disease. Is caused by the Haemophilus pig. The bacteria are prevalent in the environment, all over the world, even among the healthy pigs can also be found. For the use of specific pathogen free or without medication early weaned pigs technology Haemophilus contaminated pigs, when the initial infection to the bacteria will be very serious consequences. Haemophilus: These are short gram-negative bacteria, shape changing, there are more than 15 serotypes, including serotype 5,4,13 The most common (more than 70%). Bacteria when grown strictly required nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad or v factor), under normal conditions is difficult to isolate and culture, especially the application of antibiotic treatment of sick pigs had expected, and thus to create difficulties for the diagnosis ; reported: Pork and Haemophilus true incidence may be as much as 10 times the actual diagnosis.
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I: Etiology
The disease spread through the respiratory system. When the pigs there Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome, or local influenza pneumonia cases, more prone to disease. Environment is poor, water and other cases, the disease is more likely to occur. Adverse rearing environment, when the disease-prone. Weaning, transfer group, mixed group or transport is also a common cause. The bacteria also as a secondary pathogen mixed with other major pathogen infections, especially in local pig pneumonia. In pneumonia, Haemophilus pig was assumed to be a random invasion of secondary pathogens, is a typical "opportunistic" pathogens, only in collaboration with other viruses or bacteria only cause disease. In recent years, from pneumonia of pigs in pig isolated Haemophilus increasing rate, which is becoming increasingly popular for mycoplasma pneumonia, viral pneumonia but also with the increasing epidemic. These viruses are porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, Circovirus, swine influenza and porcine respiratory coronavirus. Haemophilus parasuis and Mycoplasma together, the detection rate of lung suffering prrs 51.2%.
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II: Epidemiology
猪副嗜血杆菌病 二：流行病学
Haemophilus can result in high morbidity and high mortality of systemic disease, all ages have the disease deaths to 5-8 weeks of age is staggering. 1, pigs infected with Haemophilus only pigs can affect from 2 weeks to 4 months of age of young pigs, mainly in the stage of weaning and conservation of the disease, usually seen in 5-8 week-old pigs, the incidence rate is generally 10% -15%, severe mortality rate of up to 50%. 2, acute cases, often the first place in the gilt good pigs, pigs fever (40.5-42.0 ℃), depression, loss of appetite, difficulty breathing, abdominal breathing, redness or paleness of skin, ear tip hair purple, eyelid skin edema, walking slow or unwilling to stand, wrist, tarsal joint swelling, ataxia, dying the water side or the limbs were like. Sometimes no obvious symptoms of sudden death. 3, chronic cases more common in nursery pigs, mainly loss of appetite, coughing, difficulty breathing, rough hair disorder, weakness or limp, poor growth, until the decline of brown and die.
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III: clinical symptoms
Clinical symptoms depend on the sites of inflammation, including fever, dyspnea, joint swelling, lameness, skin and mucous membrane cyanosis, difficult to stand or even paralysis, stiff pig or death. The incidence of abortion can sow, boar are limp. Lactating sow lameness may result in weakening of the extreme motherhood. Die surface purple, big belly, a large number of yellow ascites, a large number of cellulose exudation superior mesenteric, especially the liver was wrap, interstitial lung edema. Anatomies: pleurisy clear (including pericarditis and pneumonia), followed by arthritis, peritonitis and meningitis is relatively less. With serous, fibrinous exudation of inflammation (severe was rubbish like) characteristics. May have interstitial lung edema, adhesions, pericardial effusion, rough, thickened, ascites, hepatosplenomegaly, and abdominal adhesions, joint disease are also similar. Inguinal lymph nodes were marble-like, serious bleeding submandibular lymph nodes, mesenteric lymph did not change significantly, severe bleeding edge of the liver, spleen bleeding edge of the uplift grain of rice Xuepao, renal papillary severe bleeding edge of pig spleen infarction, there may be bleeding kidney , interstitial pulmonary edema, the most obvious is the pericardial effusion, pericardial thickening, myocardial surface of a large number of cellulose exudation, there are a lot of mucus pipe, cut a hind limb joint jelly-like material.
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IV: prevention and control measures
猪副嗜血杆菌病 四：防治措施
猪副嗜血杆菌病 四：防治措施
猪副嗜血杆菌病 四：防治措施
A strict disinfection Thorough cleaning pig health, with 2% sodium hydroxide solution spray pen floors and walls, 2h after the rinse, and then speed kill Baidu China disinfectant spray, animal husbandry, continuous spray disinfectant 4 ~ 5d. 2 strengthen management The whole group of pigs vitamin c powder electrolyte plus water 5 ~ 7d, in order to enhance the body resistance, reduced stress response. 3 Treatment Isolation pigs, with large doses of antibiotics for treatment, oral antibiotics for all sociability drug prevention. To control the development of this disease and drug-resistant strains appear, susceptibility testing should be carried out, the scientific use of antibiotics. (1) severe injection intramuscular injection, each 0.2ml/kg, every morning intramuscular injection, once every 5 ~ 7d. (2) Kanamycin sulfate injection intramuscular injection, each 20mg/kg, intramuscular injection of a night, once every 5 ~ 7d. (3) large pig oral oxytetracycline pure powder 30mg/kg, once daily, once every 5 ~ 7d. (4) antibiotics drinking water outbreak of serious disease may be invalid. Once clinical symptoms appear, immediate way to take antibiotics spices treatment for the entire herd, the incidence of high-dose intramuscular injection of antibiotics pig. Most serotypes of porcine Haemophilus cephalosporin, Florfenicol, big celebration, spectinomycin, sulfonamides, and quinolones such as drug-sensitive, tetracycline, aminoglycoside and a certain resistance to lincomycin. 4 immune Seedlings with their own (it is best to separate the bacteria, proliferation, join the Miao inactivated), porcine Haemophilus multivalent inactivated vaccine can achieve better results. Haemophilus pig pig polyvalent inactivated vaccine can effectively protect the pig early on_set_ and reduce the likelihood of recurrence. Immunity, while the best combination of science and the drug treatment and to tackling the problem of the effect. Pork and Haemophilus disease is multiple serositis, arthritis, and infectious disease characterized by high mortality rates, serious harm to the health of piglets and young pigs, pig industry to bring enormous economic losses. Sow: early pre-40 Sky free-free pigs, two free pre-20 days. Free 30 days after prenatal immune pig once. Affected by this disease a serious threat to pig farms, pig should be immune, according to the pig immune disease age inferred time, pigs immune to the general arrangements for 7 days within 30 days of age, each one milliliter, preferably a free later than 15 days and repeated immunization time, two hours free from the disease have more than 10 days interval. Eliminate incentives, strengthen management and environmental disinfection, reducing the variety of stress conditions in the farms during the epidemic can be temporarily mixed weaning group, the mixed group must be strictly focused on the pigs in the same pig isolated on the conservation of pigs after weaning, "grading feeding", which also reduces the PRRS, PCV-2 in pigs in the spread. Note that heat and temperature changes; in pigs weaned, transfer group, mixed group or in the drinking water before and after transport to add some anti-stress drugs such as vitamin C, etc. to also add more than recommended in the compound combination of drugs can effectively prevent the disease occurred. Haemophilus disease in pigs and effective control, as pig disease prevention and treatment of any other, is a systematic project, we need to strengthen the major viral immunity, _select_ion of effective drug combinations for routine herd preventive health care, improved feeding and management of pigs, pig rethink our design, the only way we can have a stable production of pigs. Currently, the pig disease occurred Haemophilus showed an increasing trend, and to multiple serositis and arthritis, and high morbidity and high mortality characteristics, influence all stages of pig production, to the pig industry has brought serious losses therefore, should pay close attention to this disease.
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IV: prevention and control measures
猪副嗜血杆菌病 四：防治措施
猪副嗜血杆菌病 四：防治措施
A strict disinfection Thorough cleaning pig health, with 2% sodium hydroxide solution spray pen floors and walls, 2h after the rinse, and then speed kill Baidu China disinfectant spray, animal husbandry, continuous spray disinfectant 4 ~ 5d. 2 strengthen management The whole group of pigs on vitamin C powder with water plus electrolyte 5 ~ 7d, in order to enhance the body resistance, reduce the stress response. 3 Treatment Isolation pigs, with large doses of antibiotics for treatment, oral antibiotics for all sociability drug prevention. To control the development of this disease and drug-resistant strains appear, susceptibility testing should be carried out, the scientific use of antibiotics. (1) severe injection intramuscular injection, each 0.2mL/kg, every morning intramuscular injection, once every 5 ~ 7d. (2) Kanamycin sulfate injection intramuscular injection, each 20mg/kg, intramuscular injection of a night, once every 5 ~ 7d. (3) large pig oral oxytetracycline pure powder 30mg/kg, once daily, once every 5 ~ 7d. (4) antibiotics drinking water outbreak of serious disease may be invalid. Once clinical symptoms appear, immediate way to take antibiotics spices treatment for the entire herd, the incidence of high-dose intramuscular injection of antibiotics pig. Most serotypes of porcine Haemophilus cephalosporin, Florfenicol, big celebration, spectinomycin, sulfonamides, and quinolones such as drug-sensitive, tetracycline, aminoglycoside and a certain resistance to lincomycin. 4 immune Seedlings with their own (it is best to separate the bacteria, proliferation, join the Miao inactivated), porcine Haemophilus multivalent inactivated vaccine can achieve better results. Haemophilus pig pig polyvalent inactivated vaccine can effectively protect the pig early on_set_ and reduce the likelihood of recurrence. Immunity, while the best combination of science and the drug treatment and to tackling the problem of the effect. Pork and Haemophilus disease is multiple serositis, arthritis, and infectious disease characterized by high mortality rates, serious harm to the health of piglets and young pigs, pig industry to bring enormous economic losses. Sow: early pre-40 Sky free-free pigs, two free pre-20 days. Free 30 days after prenatal immune pig once. Affected by this disease a serious threat to pig farms, pig should be immune, according to the pig immune disease age inferred time, pigs immune to the general arrangements for 7 days within 30 days of age, each one milliliter, preferably a free later than 15 days and repeated immunization time, two hours free from the disease have more than 10 days interval. Eliminate incentives, strengthen management and environmental disinfection, reducing the variety of stress conditions in the farms during the epidemic can be temporarily mixed weaning group, the mixed group must be strictly focused on the pigs in the same pig isolated on the conservation of pigs after weaning, "grading feeding", which also reduces the PRRS, PCV-2 in pigs in the spread. Note that heat and temperature changes; in pigs weaned, transfer group, mixed group or in the drinking water before and after transport to add some anti-stress drugs such as vitamin C, etc. to also add more than recommended in the compound combination of drugs can effectively prevent the disease occurred. Haemophilus disease in pigs and effective control, as pig disease prevention and treatment of any other, is a systematic project, we need to strengthen the major viral immunity, _select_ion of effective drug combinations for routine herd preventive health care, improved feeding and management of pigs, pig rethink our design, the only way we can have a stable production of pigs. Currently, the pig disease occurred Haemophilus showed an increasing trend, and to multiple serositis and arthritis, and high morbidity and high mortality characteristics, influence all stages of pig production, to the pig industry has brought serious losses therefore, should pay close attention to this disease. Haemophilus parasuis control of key preventive health care Post-delivery room piglets, weaned nursery pigs found dead anatomical lung edema inflammation, pericardial effusion, or fluff the heart, increased synovial fluid or purulent, and some acute on_set_ of death in most weight loss death censored examination of live Haemophilus, Streptococcus, etc., the incidence Drug susceptibility test pig even with ineffective treatment. Haemophilus parasuis is the blue-ear disease, circovirus shadow. Dalian three instrument using animal drugs produced a "peptide" series of continuous drinking water can effectively control the disease.
