Mammals. Slender, hair gray, pink nose, upper lip and eye rings of white, eyes large and prominent. Mainly eat leaves of plants can spread plague. Cave in the loose soil, it said. Also King Tong mice. Li Yi Tang, "Deng Xia fuzhoucheng concept was six state pedestrian Fu Hu rhymes": "Six children 6 Fan Hu state language, old riding a sheep by gerbils." Ming Shen "artistically cutting mountain Gerbil": "Sha mouse, this is also the ground squirrel. "
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No. 2
Rodent hamster Division 1 subfamily. Known gerbil. Because of the arid desert habitat in the name. Body small, 7 to 20 cm in length; first round, big eyes, short ears; hair was sandy yellow; listen bubble developed, Tingjuelingmin; hindlimb length is 1 to 2 times the forelimb, for jumping; longer tail generally equal to or slightly greater than the body length, from the role of maintaining body balance while jumping. 15 genus 71 species widely distributed in Africa, Asia and Europe desert steppe, desert foothills, Gobi Desert. Some species have invaded the farmlands after reclamation. China has three 7 species, short-eared Gerbil is endemic to China, located in the south of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in western and western Gansu Province. Living in open desert wilderness areas, relying on complex cave system, sensitive hearing and quickly jump to escape predators. Some daytime activities, some nocturnal activities. Do not hibernate. Mainly feed on plants. Life rarely drink or not drink, food intake alone in the water to meet their needs. Gerbil has developed claws, good at digging holes complex system. Especially in the great gerbil most prominent lines per one hole big hole gerbils have dozens to hundreds, there nest, "warehouse", "toilet", Cave Road intersect, divided into 2 to 3 layers . In this complex cave system, a relatively stable microclimate. In the spring and early summer breeding gerbils started an annual 2 to 3 births per litter of 3 to 8. Life of about 2 years. Gerbils complex due to the storage of food and digging holes Department and bring serious harm to agriculture and animal husbandry. As in the desert in Xinjiang, a large sand rat hole lines up to 40 kg of forage storage; Inner Mongolia, a gerbil rat hole dug lines up to 32.5 kg food stocks. Gerbil or disseminator of many diseases. Mongolian gerbil gerbils and Asia Minor for many diseases are highly sensitive, and easy to keep and breed, has been used as experimental animals.
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Mongolian gerbil
Mongolian gerbils (Meiiones Unguiculataus Milme-Edwauds), also known as long claws gerbils, Mongolian gerbils or black claws Mongolian gerbils (Inner Mongolia area), yellow rat (Bashang area), sand rat, etc. On animal taxonomy are breastfeeding steel, rodents, hamsters Branch, gerbil, gerbils are. Distributed in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and neighboring provinces, including the northern part of Hebei Province, Shanxi, Shaanxi, willing, Ningxia, Qinghai grassland areas. Mongolian People's Republic and the Soviet Union also distributed Buryatia region. Mongolian gerbil body length 112.5 (97-132) mm, tail length 101.5 (97-106) mm, brownish gray back hair, chest hair gray, ears obviously, the leading edge of the ear shell with gray hair, the inside of the top of a small but short hair, which the Department of partial nudity. The tail is in dense hair, tail hair is longer, forming tufts. Claws long, curved tapered toe has a strong jaw, suitable for burrowing, and palm plantar hind legs are in fine hairs, eyes big and round. Life of 2 to 3 years after birth, 3 to 4 months of sexual maturity, usually 5 to 6 months bred, sexual cycle of 4 to 6 days, 24 to 26 days gestation, lactation 21 days, an adult female weighing 60 to 75 g, males 70 to 80 g. Gerbils
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Gerbils
Scientific name: Meriones meridianus (Pallas), generic: the case of rodents, hamsters Section Alias: yellow mice, gerbils noon, noon gerbils. Distribution: In the central provinces of Inner Mongolia, Hebei Zhangjiakou west, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Shanxi, Qinghai and Xinjiang. Part of the cave gerbils built in 154 meters lower than sea level of Aiding Lake, is a minimum stay of terrestrial animals. Host: vegetables, weeds and grasses, crops. Damage characteristics: mainly seeds and vegetative damage, theft autumn grain storage in the Loess Plateau, the cave can accelerate soil erosion. [Morphology] body length 100-150mm, tail length close to the body length, the hair was prominent ears, the forward fold up the eye. Body yellow to light brown sand back hair yellow, dark gray base, the middle yellow sand, tipped black. Abdominal hair pure white; tail hair brown or brown, paler below some tail or heterozygous white hair, tail with hair bundles. Claw base brown, white tip. Listen spore developed tooth front door with a longitudinal groove. [Habits] gerbils main habitat in the desert or semi-desert areas, sometimes also found in sand and non-zonal agricultural areas. In Inner Mongolia, gerbils typical habitat of shrubs and half sand dunes and bushes. Cave Department gerbils can be divided into wintering holes, holes and complex cave summer. Hole diameter 3-6cm ,1-3 is a hole, sometimes 4-5, the openings in the bush, and more grass, bent hole branching channel, the total length of 2-3m, a depth of more than 30-40cm, and some branches near the surface to form the blind side to prepare for emergency use. Winter road tunnel deep, deep nest 2m or less. Female rats during pregnancy and lactation in and out of the hole after, often clogging the hole. Gerbils do not hibernate, like the nocturnal peak of activity during midnight o. Omnivorous. In Inner Mongolia, in April began breeding, breeding a long period, up more than seven months, multiply 2-3 times a year, the pregnancy rate, pregnancy rate in late June was 33.3%, and the monthly decline. Only 2-11 per litter, mostly only 4-6. Gerbils from spring to autumn growth of about 10 times the mortality rate is about 90 percent, live in nature to less than 1% a year. [Prevention Method] Gerbils eating seeds, and love to find the seeds sown in the ground, hence the rodent bait method works best. In the sparsely populated desert, the aircraft can also be used to sow, high standard 50m, spaced 70m, spread along two sides, off effect is better. (1) the construction of farmland to consider prevention Rodents, such as plowing land, destruction mark their cave system and identify the direction of the position, can increase the chance of predators prey. (2) Clear pastoral weeds, deterioration of its hidden conditions, reduce rodent. (3) crop harvest to be fast and properly stored, cut off or reduce rodent food sources. (4) the protection and use of natural enemies. (5) artificial hunting. Apodemus number in the peak period or fallow season, can mobilize the masses to take the clip catch, sealing holes, trap, pour, blast, cuts and other measures to cut or shooting to kill. The area can also be conditional power cat rodent. (6) bait method. With 0.1% sodium diphacinone baits, 0.02% sodium chloride Diphacine baits, 0.01% chlorine rat bait ketone, 0.05% bromadiolone bait, 0.03% -0.05% amidine bait to kill rats in wheat , oat, rice or corn (small particles) as bait, take the belt feeding techniques and blockade. Disposable saturated feeding technology, the control effect is good. You can also use 1.5% fluorine Gan wheat bait, can not be reused within six months, should be used interchangeably with the slow poison bait, and the bait before use to put before the bait until then put unsuspecting rodent bait. (7) smoke gun laws. The amount of sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate dissolved in hot water, then dry sodium nitrate 40% and 60% of livestock manure or ammonium nitrate 50% and 50% of mixed sawdust mix, dried loaded barrel, the barrel should not be too full too In fact, autumn, choose a sunny day to dip one end of the barrel of kerosene, diesel fuel or gasoline, when ignited immediately be released into the big smoke valid holes, the hole at a depth of 15-17m, the hole blocking real ,5-10 minutes after the rodents can be poisoned. (8) fumigation. In the effective holes, each hole has a 3-5ml to note chloropicrin group stuffed cotton wool or straw, mulch hole; also used aluminum phosphide, 2-3 tablets every hole. (9) dressing method. With methyl isofenphos sowing seed dressing.
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Fat-tailed gerbils
Fat-tailed gerbils (scientific name Pachyuromys duprasi) is a species of sand in the rat, but also fat-tailed gerbils are the only species (Pachyuromys) under. Science classified as: animal kingdom Animalia, phylum Chordata, Mammalia Mammalia, Rodentia Rodentia, Muridae Muridae, gerbil Gerbillinae, fat tail gerbils are PachyuromysLataste, 1881, fat tail gerbils P. duprasi. Chinese North African fat-tailed gerbils, alias macaroni rat, fat rat tail Baasha, the English name Four Toed Jerboa, Latin name Pachyuromys duprasi. Distributed in the northern Sahara, viviparous, insects, vegetables for food. [Habits] used to living in an environment of high temperature and relatively dry, nocturnal, foraging at night, fat-tailed gerbils love to clean, wash your face every day with a lot of time on the bristles, little urination, no pungent smell of urine. [Feature] body length 10-13cm, tail length 5cm, fat-tailed gerbil has a thick and dense fur, looks a bit like a hamster. Unlike hamsters that have a pointy nose, and a fat like a bat-like tail. Fat-tailed gerbil food and water will be stored in the tail, like food and water exist camel hump, as a result, a healthy North African fat-tailed gerbils should have full tail. [Character] North African fat-tailed gerbils are very cute, but they do not look like a hamster on once, and even behavior like hamsters. Curiosity is the most attractive place Mongolian gerbils, fat-tailed gerbils North Africa complete lack of curiosity. Put them on the palm, they just sit there on their new environment is also not interested, do not try to escape. [Breeding breeding] Fat tail probability of pregnancy small breeding gerbils less, breeding difficulties. A pregnant or lactating female rats, it is likely to kill its mate. When they fight, a loud scream and bite each other's tails, usually have two tails almost permanent bite marks. Recommended initial breeders keep one pair of the same sex fat tail gerbils, which should be more than a good support to the opposite sex. North African fat-tailed gerbils can raise alone.
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Punta tailed gerbil
Punta tailed gerbils (scientific name Sekeetamys calurus), also known as cluster tailed gerbils, rats are the subjects of a species, but also the Punta tail gerbils are the only species (Sekeetamys) under. Can be found in Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and Sudan. No danger. Science classified as: animal kingdom Animalia, phylum Chordata, Mammalia Mammalia, Rodentia Rodentia, Muridae Muridae, gerbil Gerbillinae, gerbils family Gerbillini, great gerbil subfamily Rhombomyina, Punta tail gerbils are SekeetamysEllerman, 1947, Punta tail gerbil species S. calurus.
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Growth habit
Fat-tailed gerbils strange sleeping posture Living in open desert wilderness areas, relying on complex cave system, sensitive hearing and quickly jump to escape predators. Some daytime activities, some nocturnal activities. Do not hibernate. Mainly feed on plants. Life rarely drink or not drink, food intake alone in the water to meet their needs. Gerbil has developed claws, good at digging holes complex system. Especially in the great gerbil most prominent lines per one hole big hole gerbils have dozens to hundreds, there nest, "warehouse", "toilet", Cave Road intersect, divided into 2 to 3 layers . In this complex cave system, a relatively stable microclimate. In the spring and early summer breeding gerbils started an annual 2 to 3 births per litter of 3 to 8. Life of about 2 years. Gerbils are social life, which helps to find the alarm when predators each other to escape predators. In the scrub dunes around, as if one group mousehole bunker, each hole has pulled out of the pile of sand from the hole, a hole in the group have mousehole 8-9, up to twenty or thirty more .
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Breeding habits
Pregnant gerbils, the time is probably 24 days. A female gerbil probably born 7 tire life, the average per child 5-12 Max. (If because of food shortage, living space is small, or other factors produced female gerbil pups may be eaten if adequate food, the space is large enough, there would be such a problem, the next child can safely growth.) Newborn gerbils, about 1-inch size, no hair and invisible to the eye. Female gerbils lick it clean, tending it, sit on it to help it warm the body, most conscientious parent gerbils are homely. If the tires have a lot of pups, the father gerbil will take them into two piles flat, not treat them eccentrically. A few days later, color will gradually clear. After two weeks, teeth and hair are fully grown together, they can climb the move, though not yet open eyes. After three weeks, the eyes can be open, then that is the time of weaning. After 12 weeks, weighing 56.7 grams, four months later, we can achieve ideal weight 85 grams -113.4 g
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How farming
First, the body has a special gerbils water conditioning systems, so that they can discharge the concentrated urine and feces, in order to save water, to adapt to the harsh desert environment. Due to less waste, environmental rearing gerbils it is not easy stink, which is advantageous in terms of breeders. But that does not mean they do not need to drink water, in fact, although they drink much water, but breeders still want to provide them enough clean water so that they are freely accessible. Second, gerbils need relatively dry environment, and is gregarious animals, they are very needed grooming companion to play with each other. Gerbils have a strong territorial, they single-family units, built in the vicinity of their nest areas, if unfamiliar rat invasion, they will mercilessly put it off. So to introduce new members to the adult gerbils, have to spend a lot of effort to slowly come down. For example, keeping the original box with a metal mesh compartment in half and let them see each other, but can not attack each other, and then every two hours they change sides, to adapt to each other's taste. After the last two days, and then slowly remove the bay this action, observe a few hours to see if they would fight. If you still must be placed across the network, change sides repeat the action. Third, motherhood gerbils strong, male gerbils will help take care of children, and is monogamous. So after childbirth gerbils do not need to separate male and female gerbils. Fourth, the breeding gerbils need a larger space. Since gerbils often have standing, jumping behavior, large amount of exercise, so raising the gerbil cage must be large. Gerbil space required a minimum of 30cmx60cmx30cm (length x width x height), two need 1800cmx1800cmx30cm (base area x height). Aspects can be given a clean litter paper, grass, etc., need to reach a depth of at least 3 cm or more. Fifth, in food, in addition to the standard mouse molar feed, you can also give grass, comprehensive grain, mineral salt block, fresh fruits and vegetables. But like sunflower seeds such high-fat, only occasionally given as a snack. Eat it, not only easy to obesity, but also have cardiovascular disease. Another fresh food must be kept clean every day if left to be removed, otherwise the gerbils could eat diarrhea! Sixth, the long tail gerbils can easily fall off due to external forces, so grab gerbils when absolutely can not grasp the end of their tails, but should gently hold them whole, with the other hand cover. If not forced to catch the tail, you must seize the tip of the tail, which is close to the bottom part of the tail in order to avoid being snapped.
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Hazards and effects
Gerbils complex due to the storage of food and digging holes Department and bring serious harm to agriculture and animal husbandry. As in the desert in Xinjiang, a large sand rat hole lines up to 40 kg of forage storage; Inner Mongolia, a gerbil rat hole dug lines up to 32.5 kg food stocks. Gerbil or disseminator of many diseases. Mongolian gerbil gerbils and Asia Minor for many diseases are highly sensitive, and easy to keep and breed, has been used as experimental animals. Gerbils a very important anatomical features after cerebral artery ring traffic branch defects, such as unilateral carotid artery ligation often cerebral infarction. Is the ideal model for the study of human cerebral vascular accident.