多米尼克国（英文：The Commonwealth of Dominica），简称多米尼克，中美洲加勒比海岛国。
译名
多米尼克旧译多米尼加联邦，造成两个问题。一，“Commonwealth”是多义字，“联邦”并非唯一意思，不宜作为译名；二，“多米尼加联邦”与另一个加勒比海岛国多米尼加共和国易生混淆。为此，中华人民共和国外交部在1994年1月14日宣布把之改名为“多米尼克国”，简称“多米尼克”。现时，中华人民共和国外交部和中华民国外交部都称之为“多米尼克”。
历史
多米尼克是加勒比海最后成为欧洲殖民地的岛，当地的印第安人反抗非常激烈。1763年，法国将多米尼克交给英国。1978年独立。1980年，独裁政府被推翻，改选玛丽·尤金尼亚·查尔斯为总理，从此国家开始兴旺。她是加勒比海国家中的第一个女性总理，在职15年。
地理
位于东加勒比海小安的列斯群岛东北部，东临大西洋，西濒加勒比海，是一个国土面积仅有751平方公里的岛国。
经济
多米尼克主要的经济来源为农业及观光业，全国有40%的人口从事农业，主要出口商品为烟草、香蕉、柑橘、蔬菜、椰子等。
主要的工业为家具、鞋、肥皂等。主要的贸易伙伴为美国、中国、牙买加、韩国、特立尼达和多巴哥。
Dominica, (French: Dominique) officially the Commonwealth of Dominica, is an island nation in the Caribbean Sea. To the north-northwest lies Guadeloupe, to the southeast Martinique. Its size is 754 square kilometres (291 sq mi) and the highest point in the country is Morne Diablotins, which has an elevation of 1,447 metres (4,750 ft). The Commonwealth of Dominica has an estimated population of 72,500. The capital is Roseau.
Dominica has been nicknamed the "Nature Isle of the Caribbean" for its seemingly unspoiled natural beauty. It is the youngest island in the Lesser Antilles, still being formed by geothermal-volcanic activity, as evidenced by the world's second-largest boiling lake. The island features lush mountainous rainforests, home of many very rare plant, animal, and bird species. There are xeric areas in some of the western coastal regions, but heavy rainfall can be expected inland. The Sisserou parrot, the island's national bird, is featured on the national flag. Dominica's economy is heavily dependent on both tourism and agriculture.
Christopher Columbus named the island after the day of the week on which he spotted it - a Sunday (dominica in Latin) - which fell on November 3, 1493. In the next hundred years after Columbus' landing, Dominica remained isolated, and even more Caribs settled there after being driven from surrounding islands as European powers entered the region. France formally ceded possession of Dominica to the United Kingdom in 1763. The United Kingdom then set up a government and made the island a colony in 1805. The emancipation of African slaves occurred throughout the British Empire in 1834, and, in 1838, Dominica became the first British Caribbean colony to have a legislature controlled by a Black majority. In 1896, the United Kingdom reassumed governmental control of Dominica, turning it into a Crown colony. Half a century later, from 1958 to 1962, Dominica became a province of the short-lived West Indies Federation. In 1978, Dominica became an independent nation. |