Countries for the protection of natural ecosystems and the natural landscape to its original state, for the conduct of scientific research and popularization of science, but also for the public to visit tourist places set aside a large area.
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No. 2
National Park to remind one, do not forget to travel to Bali high index of sunscreen, this is the tropics, not the kind of fun in the sun here. 2, shopping in the streets to pay attention to their belongings, "Caution is the boat," Well. 3, to pay attention when walking in the street to avoid the streets arranged ritual supplies, do not stampede. 4, Do not touch someone else's head, which can cause resentment Hindus. 5, own car, the case of someone walking through the front, please do not honk, it impolite. National Park, taste food to Indonesia in Bali, food, local cuisine and dishes from around the world, there are many Chinese restaurants. Especially in the streets of Kuta and Ubud, everywhere is the layout of the sophisticated restaurant, coffee shop. Some of the unique Balinese suckling pig food (babiguling, to herbs, spices, red peppers, etc. for seasoning made), duck (bebekbetutu), spicy chicken (ayampepes), spicy fish (ikanpepes), fried chicken (ayamgoreng) and fruit with coconut rice buburinjin and so on. Bali drinks and fruit rich in coconut milk is the most common drink on the street. Dine in the restaurant here, the price is low, but the bill required 21% plus tax and service charge. Bali National Park, the hotel accommodation can be roughly divided into: star, melati and losmen three of which star is that we often speak of the stars, with 5 stars the best. In general, melati slightly lower than the first-class star, (but also some star hotel facilities and comparable, but the boss for various reasons, do not want to be included in a class of star only) can be divided into three to melati3 best. Southern Peninsula nusadua is the most luxurious hotel in Bali area, there are many 5 star hotels, elegant environment, complete facilities. Shopping in Bali National Park, where most of the price is not high, it pays to buy things. Bali, Ubud has a traditional wood carvings, clothing, etc. for sale. Ubud arts and crafts shops concentrated in the Himalayan Road (j1.raya) and St. Monkey Forest (monkeyforest) nearby. Bali Gold Coffee astringent taste do not hurt, the more bitterness lingering, memorable, there are a lot of the coffee beans, coffee powder made from the decorations, very strange. National Park Transportation Transportation Bali-based transport by air, usually the first tourists to fly to Jakarta, and then transfer to Bali. Bali is located in the west, covers an area of 750 square kilometers. Evergreen park, lakes and islands all over, there is a vast grassland, a large number of vegetation species, there are mangrove swamps, coral reefs, Kashima. Here is a paradise for animals and birds, many of the world's endangered birds such as starlings and so on. Tourists come here, you can walk in the woods, to breathe fresh air, listening to the birds warble Yingti; but also to the Kashima diving, a wondrous underwater world. Into the national park to the Park Service must first apply for permission, and was accompanied by a government guide.
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Put forward the concept of national parks
"National Park" concept from the U.S., translated from the English term "National Park", the first by the American artist Georgica said Sterling (Geoge Catlin) the first place. In 1832, he was traveling on the road, the development of the western United States on the Indian civilization, wildlife and wilderness of deep concern. He wrote, "they can be protected, as long as the policy of the Government through the establishment of a large number of protected parks ... a national park, which was also a beast, everything in a primordial state, which embodies the beauty of nature." After, he incurs used in many countries around the world, although the exact meaning of each is different, but the basic meaning is that a form of nature reserves.
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Definition of National Park
National Park is one or more countries in order to protect the integrity of ecosystems typical for eco-tourism, scientific research and environmental education areas, and designated in need of special protection, management and use of natural areas. It is different from the strict nature reserve, but also different from the normal tourist attractions. Establishment of national parks, the main significance and role can be broadly summarized into three directions: First, the preservation and protection of landscape resources. Second, survey and research resources and the environment. Third, the sustainable development of tourism industry. After a hundred years of research and development, "National Park" has become a cosmopolitan and humanity of the natural and cultural conservation movement, and formed a series of progressive ideas and Protected Mode protection. First, protection of objects from the visual landscape protection to biodiversity conservation. Second, the protection method from passive protection to active protection. Third, protection of power from one party to multi-party participation. Fourth, protecting the space from the point-like protection to system protection. National Park under the 1974 International Union for Conservation of Natural Resources (IUCN) meeting recognized standards for national parks: (A) Area of not less than one thousand hectares of the range, with the beautiful landscape of special ecological or special terrain of the country and representation, and without human exploitation, development and construction of _set_tlements or geographical areas. (B) Wilderness for long-term protection of the natural landscape, native flora and fauna, ecological systems and _set_ up a special protected area of the region. (C) The highest expediency Jigou by the State to take steps to restrict the development of industrial zones, commercial areas and areas inhabited, and against deforestation, mining, She plants, farming, grazing, hunting behavior, while the effective implementation of the ecological, landscape maintenance of natural areas . (D) Maintaining the current natural state, only under special circumstances to allow visitors access to a certain range, and future generations as a modern science, education, recreation, special education as_set_ areas. Function of the national park National Park has four functions are: 1, to provide protection of the natural environment. 2, save the species and genetic. 3, provide citizens with recreation and the local economy. 4, to promote academic research and environmental education. Historical National Parks The earliest history of the national park can be traced back in 1860, the U.S. pioneer of nature conservation group, in view of beautiful-even poetic (Yosemite) Valley in the Sequoia giant trees were felled either, and actively urged the Congress to save the land, and finally in a eighty-six four years by President Abraham Lincoln signed a proclamation will be beautiful-even poetic area as the first state parks. 1872 by the U.S. Congress established the United States under this announcement is the world's first national park - Yellowstone National Park (Yellowstone), but also beautiful-even poetic in 1890 to the National Park. So far, the world has about a hundred countries or regions _set_ up nearly a thousand-seat National Park. Management of national parks Charged with the conservation of national parks, research, education and recreation and many other goals, but inappropriate or excessive recreation management, sensitive to the fragile ecological environment will impact. Must therefore be responsible for the establishment of national park management units - Management Office, and adequate personnel, funding, and implementation of district plans to manage national parks, to achieve these goals. According to the National Park Law the provisions of Article XII, the national park resources according to their characteristics and patterns of land use by different management zones, with different measures to achieve protection and use of functions: (A) of the conservation area Shall mean for research should be strictly protected ecological and natural biological community and its growth environment of the region. (B) of the Special Landscape Area Means sensitive to the special vulnerability of the natural landscape, the development of the region should be strictly limited. (C) of the Historic Preservation District Important prehistoric monuments, Shi Houwen value of the historical sites and monuments of the region. (D) recreation area Outdoor recreation activities can be developed, and is suitable for the construction of recreational facilities, development of regional recreation resource. (E) General control area Resource protection and landscape quality ranking mediated buffer zone between the use areas may allow the existing land use pattern of the region. National Park Service Ecological conservation, interpretation, landscape-related professionals, a system organized to manage the park land to the resources within the jurisdiction of the implementation of conservation work. (A) of the Education Section National Park plan of implementation and evaluation, land acquisition and coordination, interpretation of laws and other development. (B) of the Public Works Construction Section Planning, design and maintenance of the Park of the resource protection, transportation, administration, recreation safety, explain historical sites and other facilities involution. (C) Tourism and Recreation Section National Park visitor management, recreational planning, environmental maintenance, tourism management. (D) Conservation Research Section National Park natural and cultural resources and develop data to investigate the construction of paper conservation measures. (E) Interpretation and Education Section Visitor Center display, interpretation services, printed books explain and promote ecological conservation and promote environmental education work. Knowledge National parks, tourism, recreation, ecology, ecological education, interpretation of education, eco-tourism, environmental protection, ecological conservation, guides, conservation research, reserves, indigenous people, scenic areas, exploration, environmental justice, ecological wisdom
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China's national park
Development Status Tangwang Heilongjiang River National Park by the state government departments across the country unified management of the "National Park" from 2008 has just begun. October 8, 2008, the Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection and the National Tourism Board has approved the construction of China's first pilot national park units - Heilongjiang Tangwanghe National Park. The park is located south of Xiaoxing'anling covering Tangwanghe virgin forest areas and Tangwanghe Shilin District. This area is a tributary of the Songhua River, the source Tangwang, vegetation coverage rate 99.8%. Dominated by pine mixed forest is Asia's most complete and most representative of the original Hong Songlin habitat, and distribution of a large number of spruce, fir, birch, linden trees as many as 110 species of rare plants. Region rich in biodiversity, there is 612 wild plants, state protection of 10 rare and endangered plants; than 250 wild animals, state protection of more than 40 species of rare and endangered species. Unique natural landscape within the region, hundreds of Stone Mountain granite blocks form the peculiar geological features, is currently the only one found in rich style, the type is complete, the typical characteristics of Triassic granite geological heritage. Ministry of Environmental Protection and National Tourism Administration decided to launch the National Gongyuan pilot projects along the purpose is to introduce national park in our concept and management models, but also to improve our system of protected areas, regulate Quanguo National Park construction, there facilitate future of the existing protected area system for system integration and improve the effectiveness of protection, effective protection and development to achieve win-win situation. Development History If you only consider the "national park" the title or reference to local and even the various ministries had also raised the "national park" concept. China's first formulation of a national park Kenting National Park in 1984, Taiwan Province of China established the first "national park", the "Kenting National Park (Kenting National Park)". This is China's first "national park" as the name of the protected areas. Mainland China's first national park reference In 2006, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture was established by local legislation of measures S & P National Park, Shangri-La, and the original declaration was approved by the State Council in 1988 included "Three Parallel Rivers National Scenic Area" in the relevant geographical area in mainland China's first "National Park", but there is no local authority approved by the legislature national parks, the park should not be regarded as China's first official state park. June 21, 2007, China's mainland has been named the first National Park protected area measures up to Shangri-La Cape National Park officially inaugurated. At that time, secretary of the CPC Yunnan Provincial Committee, Governor Qin Guangrong, vice governor Liu Ping, Vice Chairman and accounted Jun province, the provincial government unveiled the Secretary-General Ding Shaoxiang for the park. The concept is proposed by the Government of Yunnan, Yunnan province, the government also said to create more "National Park." Forest National Park-building pilot province June 2008, the State Forestry Administration issued a notice, consent to the construction of Yunnan Province as a pilot province for the national parks, "to rely on qualified nature reserve, national park construction work carried out." However, construction has started, "Meili Snow Mountain National Park", it is not in the geographical nature reserve in Yunnan Province on the list at all levels, and still is the "Three Parallel Rivers National Scenic Area" one of the area. National scenic area national scenic area (English name National Park of China) The establishment of the situation in Taiwan In China's Taiwan, the establishment of national parks is to protect the country-specific natural scenery, wildlife and historic sites, and for the leisure and research. As in October 2009, a total of eight in Taiwan, "National Park." The _select_ion criteria are as follows: Has a unique natural landscape, topography, surface features, fossils and natural evolution of growth without the artificial cultivation of wild and relict flora and fauna, were sufficient to represent the state Natural Heritage. Has important prehistoric monuments, history and heritage after the educational environment, enough to foster national sentiment, while the long-term preservation by the State. Recreation has the talent resources, specific landscape and convenient transportation, sufficient to cultivate the national temperament, for recreation viewers. Kenting National Park: an area of 33,269 hectares, Pingtung County Yushan National Park: Nantou County, Chiayi County, Hualien County, Kaohsiung County, an area of 105,491 hectares Yangmingshan National Park: Taipei County, Taipei City area of 11,455 hectares Taroko National Park: Hualien County, Taichung County, Nantou County, Ilan County, an area of 92,000 hectares Shei-pa National Park: Miaoli County, Hsinchu County, Taichung County, an area of 76,850 hectares Golden Gate National Park: an area of 3,780 hectares of Kinmen County Dongsha Marine National Park: Kaohsiung City (East Sand Islands) area of 353,668 hectares River National Park, Taiwan: Tainan City, Tainan County, an area of 39,310 hectares
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China's natural protection system
国家公园 中国的自然保护体系
However, the connotation of national parks, said Tom Wang in 2008 in Heilongjiang River National Park established, by the state government department heads similar to the national park concept was belong to National Forest Park, National Geological Park, National Mine Park, the National Wetland Park, the National Urban Wetland Park, the National Nature Reserve, National Scenic Areas and deliberation in the National Marine Park, National Heritage Park and other areas, belong to different management systems. However, these references are not exactly the same "national park" concept. (1) National Forest Park. In 1982, China's first at the Forest Park - Zhangjiajie National Forest Park in Hunan Province approved the establishment. To 2004, the total number of forest parks has increased to 1540, including 503 national forest parks. (3) National Scenic Area. As of 2004, China has established 677 scenic spots, including national key scenic spots 177, 452 provincial-level scenic spots and cities 48 county-level scenic spots, with a total area of 1% of total land area of more than (4) the national ecological demonstration zones. To 2000, China had the first batch of the 33 requirements of sustainable development strategies, the county and unit of the State Environmental Protection Agency named the "national ecological demonstration zone." (5) national geological park. To 2004, China has been promoting the construction of geological park more than 3 years, the number of national geological park has reached 85. (6) In addition, a national wetland reserves, national marine nature reserves and so on.
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Rest of the world's national parks
U.S. National Parks U.S. National Park Service (National Park Service) on August 25, 1916 under the laws relating to the establishment of the United States Congress, under the Department of the Interior, is responsible for U.S. national parks, national monuments, historic parks and other natural and historic preservation heritage. List of U.S. national parks: Arco Lydia ‧ ‧ American Samoa Arches Badlands ‧ ‧ ‧ Big Bend Biscayne Black Canyon Nixon ‧ ‧ ‧ Bryce Canyon Canyonlands ‧ ‧ Kapil Patel Reef Carlsbad Cave ‧ Strait Islands Congaree Swamp ‧ ‧ ‧ Kuyahaga Valley Crater Lake Death Valley ‧ ‧ ‧ Denali dry swamp tortoise ‧ ‧ ‧ Arctic Glacier Bay Glacier door ‧ ‧ ‧ Grand Canyon Great Basin Great Deaton ‧ ‧ ‧ Great Sand Dunes Great Smoky Mountains melon Dalu Pei Shan ‧ ‧ ‧ Hawaii Volcanoes Heller karaoke hot spring ‧ ‧ Lake Superior island Loire ‧ ‧ Joshua Tree Katmai Kenai Fjords ‧ ‧ ‧ Three Kings Canyon Kobuk Valley ‧ ‧ Lake ‧ Clark Larsen volcanic mesa verde Mammoth Cave ‧ ‧ ‧ Mount Rainier North Cascades Olympic mountains ‧ ‧ ‧ Petrified Forest Redwood Rocky Mountain ‧ ‧ ‧ Shenandoah Sequoia Sage Lu ‧ ‧ Granville Island, Virginia, Roosevelt ‧ ‧ ‧ Woyazhesi wind ‧ Wrangel - Elias Yellowstone ‧ ‧ ‧ Yosemite Zion Japan's national parks In Japan, the National Park are translated into National Park. Japan's National Park is managed by the state, and can represent the natural beauty of Japan's national parks are _set_ so far in the territory of Japan, a total of 29 designated National Park. Another Japanese equivalent of "quasi-national park" levels National Park, as designated by the Japanese government _set_ up, but by the local committee of the prefectural governments to manage. From north to south and follow the established order as follows: Ministry of the Environment Agency local environmental firm area of Hokkaido Akan National Park: _Set_ on December 4, 1934. Dai_set_suzan National Park: _Set_ on December 4, 1934. Shikotsu-Toya National Park: _Set_ on May 16, 1949. Shiretoko National Park: _Set_ on June 1, 1964. Rishiri Rebun Zuolv other National Park: _Set_ on September 20, 1974, from Rishiri Rebun National Park upgraded. Kushiro Marsh National Park: _Set_ on July 31, 1987. Ministry of the Environment Agency local environmental firm in Northeast area Hachimantai Towada National Park: _Set_ on February 1, 1936, originally called the X and Tian Guoli Park. Bandai-Asahi National Park: _Set_ on September 5, 1950. Lu Zhonghai Coast National Park: _Set_ on May 2, 1955. Ministry of the Environment Council for Local Environmental Office Kanto area Nikko National Park: _Set_ on December 4, 1934. Fuji Hakone Izu National Park: _Set_ on February 1, 1936, originally called the Fuji Hakone National Park. Chichibu Tama Kai National Park: _Set_ in the rank of December 4, 1950, originally called the father of Tama National Park. Southern Alps National Park: _Set_ on June 1, 1964. Ogasawara National Park: _Set_ on October 16, 1972. Last _Set_o National Park: _Set_ on August 30, 2007. Ministry of the Environment Agency local environmental firm in central area Shan Yue Guoli Central Park: _Set_ on December 4, 1934. The higher the letter of the original National Park: _Set_ on September 7, 1949. Ise-Shima National Park: _Set_ on November 20, 1946. Bai Shanguo Park: _Set_ on November 12, 1962, by Bai Shanguo be upgraded park. Ministry of the Environment Agency local environmental firm Kinki area Yoshino Kumano National Park: _Set_ on February 1, 1936. Sanin Coast National Park: _Set_ on July 15, 1963, by the Sanin Coast National Park upgraded. China's Ministry of the Environment Agency local environmental firm Shikoku area Qi Mountain 隠 National Park: _Set_ on February 1, 1936, originally called the Big Mountain National Park. Yu-foot and marine national park off: _set_ in Nov. 10, 1972, by the foot off National Park upgraded. Ministry of the Environment Bureau of Kinki, Chugoku and Shikoku and Kyushu, the jurisdiction of local environmental firm co- _Set_o Inland Sea National Park: _Set_ on March 16, 1934. Ministry of the Environment Agency local environmental firm Kyushu area Unzen Amakusa National Park: _Set_ on March 16, 1934, originally called Unzen National Park. Aso Kuju National Park: _Set_ on December 4, 1934, originally called the Aso National Park. Kirishima Yaku National Park: _Set_ on March 16, 1934, originally named Kirishima National Park. West National Park: _Set_ on March 16, 1955. Iriomote Ishigaki National Park: _Set_ on May 15, 1972, originally called Iriomote National Park. Malaysia's National Park Malaysia is the world's super-national alliance of biodiversity one of them, in addition to national / state parks and marine parks in the country there are other types of protected areas, such as the virgin forest protected areas / forest protected areas, nature reserves / reserved area, Wildlife / wildlife habitat, Forest Park / Forest Recreation Area, and so on, depending on geographical names may be. South Korea's national parks National Park, in South Korea has also been translated into national parks. Korea National Park, South Korea in its territory so far a total of 20 designated National Park, about 6.6% of total land area. Bukhansan National Park 1 2 Mt Sorak National Park 3 Mountain National Park 4 Chiaksan National Park 5 small Baishan Guo Park Taean Coast National Park 6 July Yueshan Guo Park 8 Gyeryongsan National Park 9 Songnisan National Park 10 weeks Wangshan Guo Park 11 de Yushan Guo Park Gyeongju National Park 12 Gaya Mountain National Park 13 14 Edge Hill Peninsula National Park Built Mountain National Park 15 Jiri Mountain National Park 16 17 months out of the mountains national park 18 Hallyeo Maritime National Park More than 19 Sea Island National Park Halla Mountain National Park 20
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Name of a village in New Zealand (National Park Village)
New Zealand's "National Park Village (National Park)" is a mountain village, located in the Tongariro National Park and the Wanganui National Park near the altitude of 809 meters. This village has an attractive mountain landscapes, but also to see ho Hanjiataxi fields, but also a base for outdoor adventurers. In winter, the ski Ruapehu attracted a lot of ski and snowboard enthusiasts. In other seasons you can go for hiking, rafting, hiking, mountain biking, kayaking and other sports. In summer, the cable car for the Ruapehu to open to tourists, you can walk to the crater lake. National parks usually offer hotel accommodation, visits are limited. Practical information: a population of about 460, the store is limited, and from the national park the car. Drive from the National Park (National Park) near the other towns: Whakapapa Village (Whakapapa Village) (14 minutes) Lei Dixi (Raetihi) (31 minutes) Aoekuni (Ohakune) (31 minutes) By train from the National Park (National Park) near the other towns: Tao Ma Lunu by (Taumarunui) Aoekuni (Ohakune) Air from the National Park (National Park) near the other towns: National Park (National Park) does not have scheduled passenger air services. Nearest airport is Taupo (Taupo) (85 minutes)
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Encyclopedia
guojia gongyuan National Park national park A government in the natural state of some of the unique natural environment representative of a certain range of established zoning of the park, which is directly under the State by the State to protect natural ecosystems and natural features of the original state, while As scientific research, education and tourism and entertainment for the public to understand and appreciate the magical landscape nature places. National Park area are large, from tens of thousands of hectares to several million hectares. The establishment of national parks generally have to move through the central and local government consultation, feasibility studies, negotiating the conditions for the establishment and demarcation of park boundaries, public organizations to work to resolve land disputes. Finally, through the legislative process, by the heads of government or heads of state announced the establishment. No department shall not change the nature of national park land use. 48 U.S. national parks, with a total area of about 2.03% of land area; 31 national parks in Canada, accounting for 1.5% of land area; Japan, 27, of the total land area of 5.35%. China is currently no national park establishment, only the nature reserves and national parks like the national key scenic spots. Zoning to protect the national park's natural environment, not because of tours of natural ecosystems caused by harmful or detrimental to the natural landscape changes, the national parks are generally within the scope of the implementation of land zoning. Advance by the geology, ecology, wildlife zoology, archeology, forestry, landscape, architecture and other experts, joint research programs related to resource protection, and to develop control of basic facilities, tours and activities in the planning of science popularization by national or local authorities for approval before implementation. Most national parks in five areas: Specially protected areas within national parks have unique, rare or endangered species extinction, or the best samples of natural species, with some of the natural features of the specific land zoning as a special protected areas. Strict control or total ban on visitors access or use. Not allowed to enter the motor vehicle or vessel, allowed construction of artificial facilities, all alone, and even the occurrence of natural fires are not extinguished. Wilderness areas in national parks on behalf of a natural history theme, and to protect the state's vast wilderness areas. Allowing only a small amount of the arrangements for wilderness conditions in some facilities and decentralized tourism activities such as horseback riding or hiking, tent camping. The use of a limited number of wilderness areas, motor vehicles do not access the. The natural environment as a natural protection zone in areas without damaging the natural environment in the case of a small amount of the facilities can be arranged to allow low-intensity outdoor activities. Allow a certain number of public transport and private vehicles from entering. Best to use non-motorized transport. Entertainment district located in the scenic location and convenient transportation, while maintaining the natural landscape and visitors safe and convenient arrangement allowed under the premise of a variety of educational activities, outdoor recreation projects and build the facilities. Allow motor vehicles to enter. The most popular form of entertainment is to enjoy nature and wildlife, picnic and camping, hiking or mountain climbing, horseback riding, swimming, boating and draw boats, driving cross-country and skiing. National Park Service was _set_ up in the middle or edge of the area, to small towns and tourist service center look. Visitors Service has a variety of auxiliary facilities, and park management agencies. Visitors gathered to allow motor vehicles to enter. National Park entrances are situated in the entertainment district and service area. In addition, to encourage private and non-governmental organizations _set_ up and operation of certain approved services and convenient facilities for visitors. (Liang Yongji)
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English Expression
: area of countryside whose natural beauty is maintained by the State for the public to enjoy
