Refers to beginning of spring, rain, shock sting, equinox, Tomb Sweeping Festival, Guyu, Lixia, Grain Budding, the summer solstice, Xiaoshu, Great Heat, beginning of autumn, Chushuben, White Dew, the autumnal equinox, dew, frost, beginning of winter, snow, snow, winter, Osamu, Big Chill, etc. Twenty-four solar terms. 24 solar terms that climate change and the agricultural season, agricultural production has important significance.
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èr shí sì jié qì
Ancient Chinese carried out according to the climate of the year, seasons divided. I.e. Beginning of Spring, Awakening of Insects, equinox, Tomb Sweeping Festival, Guyu, Lixia, Grain Budding, the summer solstice, Xiaoshu, Great Heat, beginning of autumn, Chushuben, White Dew, the autumnal equinox, dew, frost, beginning of winter, snow, snow, winter, Osamu and the Big Chill
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No. 4
Also known as "24." Also known as "24 gas." Ancient Chinese calendar, according to the location of the sun in the zodiac, the year is divided into 24 solar terms. Its name is: Beginning of Spring, Awakening of Insects, the vernal equinox, Ching Ming, Guyu, Lixia, Grain Budding, the summer solstice, Xiaoshu, Great Heat, beginning of autumn, Chushuben, White Dew, the autumnal equinox, dew, frost, Lidong, snow, snow, winter, Osamu, Oseki. Day to the beginning of each paragraph, section name. 24 solar terms that climate change and the agricultural season, agricultural production has an important significance, is the characteristics of China's lunar calendar. "Records of the Historian Sima Qian Preface": "Fu Yin and Yang 4:00, 8, 12 degrees, 24 have their own fatwas." Qing Zhao Yi "terrace of more than 24 solar terms Textual name": "24 solar terms were, the are all there, "book of Astronomy" articles and "Han Li Zhi." more than three generations, "Dian," but there will be two two to rest have not been see, but "when the book Zhou Ji Otsuka training solution, "before there are 24 names. The sequence goes: 'Duke of qi to be identified 24 to Sunchon time for" the training solution. "' is the name of covered set at Duke."
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No. 5
February 3 - 5 days
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The literal meaning of the 24 solar terms
Beginning of spring, beginning of summer, beginning of autumn, the beginning of winter - are collectively referred to as "four", we denote the beginning of the seasons. "Li" start meaning. Usually in the Gregorian calendar every year on February 4, May 5, Aug. 7, 7 and 11 months later. "Four legislation" represents the beginning of astronomical seasons, said from the climate, the general was still in one season, the Yellow River as the beginning of spring is still winter. Solstices - collectively known as "Second to", said the astronomical summer, winter extreme. "To" means very most. Summer solstice, winter solstice, usually in the Gregorian calendar every year on June 21 and December 22. Equinoxes - collectively known as "two", which means that the length of day and night are equal. "Points" that bisects meaning. The two solar terms in general about the Gregorian calendar every year on March 20 and September 23. Rainwater - said precipitation began, gradually increasing rainfall. After February 18 Gregorian calendar every year for rain. Waking of Insects - Jubilee Chad move, awakened the dormant dormant in the soil animals. At this time the temperature rose rapidly, gradual Jubilee sprout. Gregorian calendar every year around March 5 to Waking of Insects. Qingming - contains the weather is nice, fresh air Ming Jie, gradually warming, meaning lush vegetation. Gregorian year about April 5 for the Qingming. Grain Rain - rain increased greatly beneficial to the growth of cereal crops. Gregorian calendar every year after April 20 for the Grain Rain. Little Moon - its meaning is the beginning of summer crops of grain filling full, but not yet mature, but Xiao-Man, yet large full. Gregorian calendar every year around May 21 this day is Xiaoman. Grain in Ear - wheat and other crops have mango ripe, summer planting begins. About a year on June 5 for the Grain in Ear. Slight Heat, Great Heat, Chushu - summer is hot and mean. Slight yet reached the hottest, Great Heat is the hottest season, Chushuben is hot summer days coming to an end. They are about a year in the Gregorian calendar July 7, July 23 and August 23. Dew - the temperature began to fall, the cooler weather in the morning with the dew on the grass. After September 7 dew Gregorian calendar every year. Dew - lower temperatures, the air was dew, gradual chill. On this day every year usually in October 8. Frost - the weather is getting cold, frost began. Frost is usually in the Gregorian calendar every year on October 23. Snow, snow - snow began, small and large, said the extent of snowfall. Snow in the Gregorian calendar every year on November 22, heavy snow at around 7 December. Osamu, Big Chill - further cold weather, has not yet reached the coldest Osamu, Big Chill is the coldest time of the year. Gregorian January 5th and the 20th of the month or so small, the Big Chill. Twenty-four solar reflecting the sun's apparent motion anniversary, so the solar terms in the existing basic fixed date in the Gregorian calendar, the first half of the 6, 21, in the second half at 8, 23, not bad after 1 to 2 days Twenty-four solar Beginning of spring: the Big Dipper that the Northeast. Solar longitude of 315 degrees. Is the head of a throttle 24 solar terms. The implication is entered in the spring, "the sun and from the sting, product materials are Spring", after the beginning of spring, rebirth vibrant, from the beginning of the year round. Refers to azelaic water bucket. Solar longitude of 330 °. At this spring over the blowing snow and ice melt, humid air, the rain increased, so called rain. People often say: "Li gradually warm spring, rainwater send fat busy." Waking of Insects: refers to the small bucket. Solar longitude of 345 °. The throttle means "spring" after the weather gets warmer, the Jubilee began sounding, dormant in the soil for a variety of hibernating animals will start waking up activities, so called Awakening of Insects. This winter worm ovulation period should begin to hatch. Parts of the country over into the spring season. Proverb goes:. "Waking of Insects is too warm and, the old horn toad singing folk songs," "Waking of Insects a plow soil, the vernal equinox to air on" "Waking of Insects to 雷先鸣 not rain like a dragon.." Vernal Equinox: the Big Dipper that azelaic. Solar longitude of 0 °. Equinox the sun above the equator. This is the 90-day Spring carve points north and south hemispheres that day and night are equal, so Jiaochun points. This position Bianxiang days after the direct sun northward in the Northern Hemisphere day short night. So began the spring equinox in the northern hemisphere. Winter crops in most parts of our country into the growth stage of spring. Around Nongyan: "equinox front bucket meter bucket of money" (Guangdong), "Rain rain six decades equinox, summer fire six decades of Heaven" (Sichuan), "equinox rain and everyone is busy, after the first planting beans melons" (Hubei ), "equinox vegetables, pick melons Great Heat" (Hunan), "equinox hemp seed beans, seed wheat seed garlic Equinox" (Anhui). Qingming: refers to the small bucket. Solar longitude of 15 °. At this refreshing warm climate, vegetation originating new buds, universal thing began to grow, farmers are busy plowing spring planting. In the past, the festival this day, some people are plugged in at the door of willow, but also to the country hikers, sweep the tomb, which is an ancient custom. Grain Rain: bucket refers Kuei. Solar longitude of 30 °. Rainwater is the meaning of raw grains, ground grain moisture due to the growth of the rain, so the Grain Rain is "Rain born one hundred Valley." Saying goes "before Grain Rain, you reap what you sow beans." Beginning of summer: the Big Dipper that the southeast. Solar longitude of 45 °. Is the beginning of the summer, from entering the summer, exuberant big things. Traditionally regarded as the beginning of summer temperatures increased significantly, Yan Shu will be temporary, increase in thunderstorms, crops grown into an important season of the throttle. Little Moon: bucket nails. Solar longitude of 60 °. Childhood full of summer crops started, barley, winter wheat, etc., have been a result, full grain, but not yet mature, so petit full. Grain in Ear: Compass points to. Solar longitude of 75 °. Then there is the most suitable for planting mango cereal crops, such as late Valley, millet, millet and so on. If after this time and then planted with mango and bad crops mature. Meanwhile, the "Mountain" refers to mango crops such as wheat, barley, "species" means seeds. Budding indicate that wheat and other crops have matured Mans. Grain in Ear around the Yangtze in central China's downstream areas, increased rainfall, higher temperatures, into the continuous rain in the rainy season, the air is very humid, the weather was unusually hot, easy to mold a variety of appliances and clothing, so in China's Yangtze, downstream also called "Meiyu." Summer Solstice: Compass point B. Solar longitude of 90 °. Sun in longitude 90 ° "summer solstice" when direct sunlight is almost over the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere the highest midday sun. This day is the longest day in the northern hemisphere, the shortest day of the night, from this day onwards, into the hot season, all things the most vigorous growth at this time. In ancient times, the heart of this day is called the day again to the north, which means the sun shipped raw to the most northern one day. Over the summer solstice, the sun gradually moved south in the northern hemisphere shortened daylight every day and night every day lengthened. Slight: bucket refers Sim. Solar longitude of 105 °. The weather has been hot, but less is hot, so called Slight. At this point, after a Chu Fu. Great Heat: bucket refers to propylene. Solar longitude of 120 °. Great Heat is the hottest year of the weather, are on duty around two volts, the Yangtze River in many places, often 40 ℃ hot weather. To prepare sunstroke work. The rain solar terms in the "Slight Heat, Great Heat, drowned rat," the proverb, pay attention to flood control and waterlogging. Autumn: Compass pointing to the southwest. Solar longitude of 135 °. From that day began to fall, autumn, Delicate next month. Thereafter, the temperature gradually dropped from the hottest. Chushuben: bucket refers to amyl. Solar longitude of 150 °. Then the hot summer already coming to an end. Heat would scattered. It was a turning point drop in temperature. Is a symbol of the climate cools, which means that summer day termination. Dew: bucket refers Kuei. Solar longitude of 165 °. Cooler weather, ground water vapor condensation most. Autumnal Equinox: bucket represents. Solar longitude of 180 °. With the spring equinox, like this day, the sun is almost direct equator, day and night are almost equal. From that day onwards, the position continues to direct sunlight goes from the equator to the southern hemisphere, the northern hemisphere began to shorter days and longer. By the fall of China's lunar theory, which is half the day just ninety days of autumn, which called the autumnal equinox. However, the provisions in astronomy, from the autumnal equinox in the northern hemisphere autumn begins. Dew: Bucket nails. Solar longitude of 195 °. After the dew, the cooler weather, dew began to appear, to the dew, the dew on the day, and the temperature is lower. So, it was said, was exposed in the cold air, the first white and then cold, cold climate will gradually meaning. The water vapor then cemented white dew. Frost: solar longitude of 210 °. The weather has been cold, frost began, so called frost. Lidong: solar longitude of 225 °. Traditionally, our people this day as the beginning of winter. Winter, as the end of meaning, refers to the end of the year field operations, collecting up after crop harvest meant to be. Beginning of winter is over, our Yellow River, the downstream area is about to freeze, farmers all over the country will gradually be transferred to capital construction of farmland water conservancy and other farming activities. Snow: solar longitude of 240 °. The temperature drops, the snow started, but not to the snow season, so called snow. Before and after the snow, the Yellow River began to snow (late Southern snowfall also two solar terms); while the north, has entered the frozen season. Snow: solar longitude of 255 °. Before and after the snow, the Yellow River region are beginning to have snow; while the north is "ice, A thousand snow drift" in the winter. Winter Solstice: solar longitude of 270 °. On this day the winter solstice, the sun is almost direct Tropic of Capricorn, our shortest day in the Northern Hemisphere, the longest night, began to enter the coldest days. Provisions of this day is the beginning of astronomical winter in the northern hemisphere. And after the winter solstice, sunlight position gradually moving northward in the Northern Hemisphere during the day and gradually longer, saying: eat the winter solstice face day long line. Osamu: solar longitude of 285 °. Osamu, they began to enter the cold season. Sekihisa and cold air-conditioning, Osamu is the extreme cold weather but no meaning. Big Chill: solar longitude of 300 °. Big Chill is to the extreme cold weather meant. Big Chill before is the coldest season of the year. Big Chill positive thirty-nine just after forty-nine beginning. Saying: "three thousand nine hundred forty-nine not shot." After the Big Chill, followed by the arrival of spring, the weather is getting warmer. So far the Earth revolves around the sun one week, finished in a loop.
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Source Solar Terms
As early as the Warring States period, our people will have a day in the south, north to the concept of day. Then according to the relationship of people in early, mid and weather and the sun and the moon run position and other natural habitats between now use, the year is divided into twenty four equal level. And to each aliquot taken a proper name, which is twenty-four solar. A book of the late Warring States "Lu" "December discipline" in, there is a beginning of spring, the vernal equinox, the beginning of summer, the summer solstice, the beginning of autumn, autumnal equinox, the beginning of winter, the winter solstice eight solar terms name. The eight solar terms, is the most important 24 solar terms of the weather. Feasts converting eight seasons marked out clearly divided into the four seasons of the year. Later in the "Huai," a book when there is exactly the same name and the modern twenty-four solar terms.
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Feasts of division
Some people think that twenty-four solar slave lunar calendar, in fact, it is based on the Gregorian calendar delineated. That is based on the sun's position in the zodiac, the year is divided into 24 equal to each other paragraph. That is the ecliptic into 24 equal parts, each equal parts each longitude 15 °. As the sun by the time required for each aliquot almost equal, 24 solar terms of the Gregorian calendar every year about the same: After the 6th, on the 21st, in the second half after the 8th on the 23rd, in the first half. And there are two formulas: In the first half to six, twenty, To the second half of August, Niansan. In ancient times the solar term called "gas", there are two gas per month: Before a gas called "solar terms", after a gas called "in the air." Twenty-four solar monthly distribution in the following table, it also arranged with the lunar leap month is closely related. In the lunar calendar, the beginning of spring to the head with a throttle of 24 solar terms. Name of the 24 solar terms, is referred to as the local fighting classes and then combined with natural climate and landscape naming comes. The so-called Gang fighting is the Big Dipper in Quebec, scale, scoop three stars with the running of celestial bodies, fighting Gang point in different directions and positions, the position to which it refers is the month represented. As the first month of Yin, Yin refers to scoop the evening, at midnight value refers to Yin, 白天魁 refers Yin; February of Mao, Mao is the scoop at dusk, midnight value refers to Mao, Mao 白天魁 refers to the rest of the month and so on.
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China 24 solar terms in bilingual and time
Beginning of spring the beginning of spring (1st solar term) feb.3, 4, or 5 Rain rain water (2nd solar term) feb.18, 19 or 20 Insects Awaken the waking of insects (3rd solar term) mar.5, 6, or 7 Equinox the spring equinox (4th solar term) mar.20, 21 or 22 Qingming pure brightness (5th solar term) apr.4, 5 or 6 Guyu grain rain (6th solar term) apr.19, 20 or 21 Lixia the beginning of summer (7th solar term) may 5,6 or 7 Xiaoman lesser fullness of grain (8th solar term) may 20,21 or 22 Budding grain in beard (9th solar term) jun.5, 6 or 7 The summer solstice, the summer solstice (10th solar term) jun.21 or 22 Slight lesser heat (11th solar term) jul.6, 7 or 8 Great Heat greater heat (12th solar term) jul.22, 23 or 24 Liqiu the beginning of autumn (13th solar term) aug.7, 8 or 9 Chushuben the end of heat (14th solar term) aug.22, 23 or 24 Dew white dew (15th solar term) sep.7, 8 or 9 Autumnal Equinox the autumn equinox (16th solar term) sep.22, 23 or 24 Dew cold dew (17th solar term) oct.8 or 9 Frost frost's descent (18th solar term) oct.23 or 24 Lidong the beginning of winter (19th solar term) nov.7 or 8 Snow lesser snow (20th solar term) nov.22 or 23 Snow greater snow (21th solar term) dec.6, 7 or 8 Winter solstice, the winter solstice (22th solar term) dec.21, 22 or 23 Osamu lesser cold (23th solar term) jan.5, 6 or 7 Big Chill greater cold (24th solar term) jan.20 or 2
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Throttle poetry
(A) Spring rain scared Qing Gu days of summer summer full Mans connected Lu Qiu Qiu Department frost, winter snows Xuedong Little Big Chill Monthly two do not change, up to a difference twelve days In the first half to twenty-six, the second half was eight Niansan (Two) West Park Mei put before the beginning of spring, light rain cloud town Xiao Lian. Waking of Insects Chujiao river carp jump, equinox Butterfly Dream Flower Room. Qingming good time to fly a kite, West Wing Yi Gu Yu sericulture. Peony beginning of summer flowers scattered, small covered Pretrial Hosta. Grain in Ear fishing music across the river, farmland cultivated between the summer solstice. Slight white Luoshan the body, Wang River Great Heat wind sleep. Sunflower autumn flowers bloom, Chushuben West listening late cicadas. Ascot Park in James dew, Equinox fold Gui Yuehua days. Dry mountain dew frightened geese, frost aloe Polygonum Beach. Lidong drink Kylin, embroidered jacket snow Wing-sie articles. Flip secluded snow red furnace warm, winter solstice lazy to play the lute. Osamu Gaowo Handan Dream, holding Piao cold air Jiaotong University. (Three) Plum exceptionally brilliant beginning of spring, rain Apricot flowers fresh; Waking of Insects Lulin hear thunder reported equinox butterflies dance among the flowers. Qingming kite break, even Guyu tender emerald tea, Li Xia Sang fruit like cherries, Grain sericulture and farming. Budding jade vine pretrial release, such as the summer solstice rice flower Bailian; Slight winds early reminder cooked beans, Great Heat reward lotus pool. Autumn cicada encouraging people to sleep, Chushuben sunflower joy of laughter; Bailou Yan Yan go again, Equinox Osmanthus fragrant garden. Dew green vegetable shoots field, frost aloe Piaoman days; Lidong Annunciation offer three Swiss, patches of snow goose flying. Snow Samuume windward mad, winter solstice misfortune; Osamu go wandering homesick, Big Chill-year-old bottom Reunion. (D) twenty-four solar climate farming song Beginning of Spring: Spring play sixty-nine beginning of spring, spring land preparation early hands-on, spring, agricultural production record high priority. Rain: rain rain, such as oil, the top anti-Ling Yun rake moisture flow, multi-product multi-hit grain fertilizer, seed _select_ion of a bumper harvest. Waking of Insects: Insects Awaken warm days in the open air, awakening dormant insect sting, the winter wheat repression to soil moisture, arable weed species Spring rake. Vernal Equinox: How much rain wind equinox, thawed from Chunchao land, paddy flat early Fanshai, reviving the irrigated winter wheat. Qingming: Qingming beginning of spring green grass, beans, melons points good hour, planting sugar beet seed, rice seedling _select_ed species. Grain Rain: Valley rain and snow off the cream is not broken, MO delay sowing cereals, swallows return water drip heads, nursery grafting cultivated orchards. Beginning of summer: the beginning of summer Barley steadily high, Hirata soil preparation plant rice seedlings, weeding the soil moisture protection, windproof greenhouses to manage. Little Moon: Xiaoman mild spring strong, flies control aphids straw, rice dressing promote tillering, shorn fleece anti-cold. Budding: Budding little rain temperatures, thinning and Dingmiao corn, buckwheat cereal Mi grab moisture species, rice Tian Zhonggeng ground weeding. Summer solstice: the beginning of the summer solstice fierce hail, pulling miscellaneous _select_ed to the inferior species, hail rain hot wind, corn fertilizer anti armyworm. Slight: Slight into the dog days of summer, Longkou took time to grab food, rice cultivators and earth, rain and fire Mo lightly. Great Heat: Great Heat hot rainstorm growth, tight cropping Qiucai flood control, measuring forecast blast, anti-cold deepwater nursing seedlings. Autumn: Li Qiuqiu start dripping rain early against corn, turning deep plowing the soil becomes gold, pick a tree nursery budding heart. Chushuben: Chushuben volts to make Autumn beauty, jade main beet to irrigation, grain dishes late Qin management, land preparation for winter wheat seed and fertilizer. Dew: dew Yehan hot during the day, a good time to sow winter wheat, rice Shaitian close sunflower, precocious busy picking apples. Autumnal Equinox: Equinox becoming cooler autumn days, rice yellow fruit harvest busy threshing pay grind grain tax, mountains frost listen to weather. Dew: Various Artists dew dry grass, potato and beet busy recovered well radish and cabbage, straw autumn fertilization. Frost: frost icing and frosting, seize the autumn turn build good moisture, cold winter day eliminate irrigation water, dried grain threshing barn repair. Beginning of winter: cold day of winter to eliminate, sheep livestock ring repair firm, Tian Xiu channels soil preparation, irrigation and construction upsurge was _set_ off. Snow: snow to seal early Piao, quickly burying grape saplings, fallow plot with fertilizer, manure crops not a bloody fool. Snow: snow December snow Mega years, a variety of business record high yield, good moisture when Paul Yun rake, and more to find source of manure fertilizer plot. Winter Solstice: Solstice cold number nine days, sheep and cattle to cold, polar night to attend technical schools, increase harvest by scientific research. Osamu: Osamu enter thirty-nine days, harvest rich Qingyuan Dan, season to participate in training courses, constantly sum up new experience. Big Chill: Big Chill cold though farmers happy, enriching policy boast endless production contract to continue doing, rejoice over a years. (E) the throttle hundred children song Road sub-sub to say, the first month of the New Year playing the Lions. February Waking of Insects hold silkworm son, Ching Ming grave March Gone son. April beginning of summer planting son, May Dragon Boat Festival to eat dumplings. Hot June day to buy a fan, July autumn burning bundle wrapped in cloth child. August holidays Ma Bing son, bad son fishing Chongyang September. October Aozai profile for wear, winter months ShuJiu bake cage. The twelfth year is four master account to hide. (F) twenty-four solar CALLIGRAPHY Earth revolves around the sun, circle around the end of the year. Year into December, twenty-four tightly linked. Calculated according to the Gregorian calendar, the two gas a month does not change. In the first half is six, twenty, the second half of every eight, Niansan. These are cross-festivals, there are poor but twelve days. Twenty-four there has, between mind heart following formulas: January Osamu pick Big Chill, February beginning of spring rain even; Waking of Insects equinox in March, Qingming Gu Yu April day; May the beginning of summer and Xiao-Man, the summer solstice on June Budding even; Great Heat and Slight July, the beginning of autumn Chushu August; September equinox pick dew, dew frost full-October; Lidong November snow, snow winter solstice New Year. Seize the busy season production, seed Paul received timely harvest. (Seven) northeast throttle farmers popular jingle Beginning of spring yang turn, rain along the river edge, Waking of Insects crows, equinox land dry, Qingming busy kind of wheat, Grain Rain species Daejeon; Lixia goose live, Grain bird to full Budding opened a shovel, do not take the summer solstice cotton, slight heat is not hot, dog days of great heat; Autumn busy playing Austin, Chushuben sickle knife, dew smoke shelves, the autumnal equinox is not Ikuta, not cold dew, frost becomes a day; Lidong cross-October, to seal snow, snow on the river stubble, winter solstice, not the boat, Osamu near the twelfth lunar month, Big Chill whole year. (Eight) twenty-four solar song Playing Chunyang shortness of breath, rain along the river side Waking of Insects crows, equinox dry land Qingming busy kind of wheat, Grain Rain species Daejeon Lixia goose live, Grain bird full Budding opened the shovel, do not take cotton summer solstice Slight too hot, dog days of large department Autumn busy playing lakes, sickle knife Chushu Dew smoke shelves, the autumnal equinox is not Ikuta Not too cold dew, frost days has changed Lidong cross-October, snow river _insert_ed Yan Snowy River sealed, the winter solstice not ship Another year Osamu Big Chill
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United Solar Terms Shiqu
Our lunar year, there are 24 solar terms. In China couplet in order to throttle the theme is very exciting, and some of it is also a story of his mouth. Legend of the Ming Dynasty had a science station in Zhejiang Tiantai tour, the overnight hut in the mountains. The next day morning, see the hut a frost, Xinyousuogan casually chant the Union. Big Chill last night, as the snow hut frost There are three solar terms associated embedded in one go, there is no trace. Sometimes become absolute. Until modern times, was by Mr. Zhao Zhejiang Christine Pei on the second line: Currently Waking of Insects, rain during the Qingming equinox Like three solar terms on was very neat. Another couplet are more scientific literature: February vernal equinox day and night, August is not as long or short; year a leap year leap again no difference yin and error-free. The Union pointed out not only where these two months equinox solar terms, but this time features two month speaks clearly, ie August is the circadian phase level. The second line is for a different angle, tells the lunar leap regularity, its science is beyond doubt. Former minister of the Ming Dynasty, after surrendering the Chengchou, in the "Grain Rain" day with people playing chess on a couplet, says: A wonderful chess Bureau today almost forgot Guyu; Leaders of the two Koreas why he was not clear and bright. The Union is Chengchou as a second line for the same chess by those who right. Ironically flood of justice intended to insult Festival, pun, deep irony intended. Country attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage, May 20, 2006, the State Council approved the inclusion of folk first batch of national intangible cultural heritage.
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Throttle Introduction
Twenty-four solar is formed in the Spring and Autumn Period. Twenty-four solar is our working people to create a brilliant culture, it reflects the change of seasons, guiding farming activities, affecting the daily life of millions of households. Since 2000, the country's main political activity center and more concentrated in the Yellow River Basin, 24 solar terms it is the climate of this area, based on phenological _set_ up. Because China has a vast, varied terrain, the twenty-four solar terms for many of the region is just a reference. Far in the Spring and Autumn Period, the _set_ of four solar terms mid-spring, summer, the autumn and mid-winter and so on. After continuous improvement and perfection, to the Qin dynasty years, 24 solar terms have been fully established. 104 BC, developed by Tang equality "in the beginning calendar", officially _set_ at twenty-four solar calendar, clear the 24 solar astronomical position. In ancient times, the year is divided into twelve Ji, Ji month there are two throttle. Preceding calendar for the festival, in the post as in the air, such as New Year's Day as the beginning of spring, the rain was the first month in the calendar section and later put the gas referred to as solar terms. Twenty-four solar is based on the position of the sun in the ecliptic (the Earth's orbit around the sun) on to the division. Depending on the sun from the vernal equinox (longitude zero, at the moment the sun is shining perpendicularly to the equator) departs every 15 degrees forward to a throttle; run a week back to the vernal equinox, is a tropical year, together 360 degrees, thus divided into 24 solar terms. Throttle date in the Gregorian calendar is relatively fixed, as the beginning of spring is always in the Gregorian calendar between February 3 to 5. But in the Chinese calendar, the date is not good throttle OK, and then to the beginning of spring, for example, it is the earliest year in the lunar calendar on December 15, the latest in the first month on the 15th. Lunar neither now nor lunar solar calendar, but a lunisolar calendar with the Gregorian Calendar combined. Lunar leap month existence, such as New Year's Eve in accordance with the first day to be counted as the twelfth year, the number of days per year the Lunar difference than large (leap year 13 months). In order to regulate the number of days in the lunar calendar (attribution) every year on the first day was not the first day, but the beginning of spring. The lunar year is the year of the beginning of spring to the following year from the day before the beginning of spring. For example in 2008 the Lunar Lunar New Year, Lunar New Year is not the first day of the Gregorian calendar February 7, 2008 (the first lunar month), but the Gregorian calendar February 4, 2008.
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Throttle profiles
Where the degree of throttle solar longitude Gregorian calendar date * date where seedlings are three climate Beginning of spring 315 ° 2 月 3 - 5 days seedlings calendar partial Dongfeng 16 January thaw, stinging insects start-up, ice fish Rainwater 330 ° 2 月 18 - January 20, 2007 Rex Miao festival calendar fish, geese, the vegetation sprout Waking of Insects 345 ° 3 月 5 - the 7th calendar January 16 seedlings flowering peach, warehouse Geng Ming, hawk dove into Equinox 0 ° 3 月 20 - 21 February Sunbird calendar to seedlings, mine is sound, electric start Qingming 15 ° 4 mths 4 - 6, 2009 calendar February 16 Tony Tong Shihwa, rats into quail-like bird, only to see the rainbow Grain Rain 30 ° 4 - February 19, March 21, 2011 Tony Li Ping beginning students, Naruto dove whisk their feathers, hoopoe drop in Mulberry Lixia 45 ° 5 月 5 - 7, March 16 cricket calendar Miao Guo Ming, earthworms out, Wang melon Health Little Moon 60 ° 5 月 20 - April 22, 2009 calendar bitter herbs seedlings show, extravagant dead grass, Slight to Grain in Ear 75 ° 6 月 5 - 7 days seedlings calendar mantis born April 16, Ju Ming began, anti-tongue silent Summer Solstice 90 ° 6 21 - 22, 2011 antlers Xie Miao calendar May 1, beginning cicada Ming, raw Pinellia Slight 105 ° 7 months 6 - 8, 2011 calendar May 16 seedlings warm air to cricket ranking monarch, eagles are learning Great Heat 120 ° 7 月 22 - June 24, 2007 seedlings calendar firefly decaying vegetation into the soil moist ruffles, when heavy rain line Liqiu 135 ° 8 months 7 - 9 seedlings calendar June 16 to cool, dew drop, cold cicadas Chushuben 150 ° 8 月 22 - July 24, 2007 Tony Hawk calendar are offering a bird, the world began Su, wo are registered Dew 165 ° 9 months 7 - 9, Miao Hongyan calendar July 16, the black bird go, birds raised shame Equinox 180 ° 9 月 22 - August 24, 2007 Tony Ray began closing calendar sound Zhechong Pei households, water began dry Dew 195 ° 10 月 8 - 9 seedlings calendar August 16 geese and gentlemen, bird attack flood of clams, there are yellow chrysanthemum Frost 210 ° 10 月 23 - 24th September seedlings calendar jackals are offering animal, vegetation, yellow fall, overlooking salty Zhechong Lidong 225 ° 11 months 7 - 8 Miao calendar September 16 beginning ice water, to start cold, pheasants into the flood of mirage Snow 240 ° 11 月 22 - October 23, 2009 Rainbow Tibetan calendar seedlings gone, the weather Teng, occlusion from winter Snow 255 ° 12 months 6 - 8 Miao calendar October 16 Dan birds do not cry, tiger began to pay, Lai Ting-sheng Winter Solstice 270 ° 12 月 21 - 23, 2009 January move seedlings calendar (seedlings Muharram) earthworms knot, elk horn solution, springs move Osamu 285 ° 1 月 5 - 7 days seedlings calendar month on the 16th Yanbei to move, beginning magpie nests, pheasant beginning Gou Big Chill 300 ° 1 月 20 - 21 seedlings partial calendar beginning January chicken breast, bird of prey severe disease, abdominal Kennedy Mizusawa * Note: The exact date on the 24 solar terms, please refer to the annual Hmong monthly calendar, the 16th, as the winter solstice as seedlings Muharram, 2008 to December 21 winter solstice, but in 2009 it was 22 December solstice day, because December 21, 2009 to October 30 calendar seedlings (seedling calendar New Year's Eve), 22, is the seedlings Muharram.
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Date throttle speed algorithm
Formula longevity formula - [Y × D + C]-L Y = number of years, D = 0.2422, L = the number of leap years, C depending on the throttle and year. C this century, the beginning of spring Value = 4.475, find the beginning of spring 2017, the following dates: [2017 × 0.2422 +4.475] - [2017/4-15] = 492-489 = 3 So the beginning of spring 2017 date is February 3, is that simple.
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Throttle meaning
Twenty-four solar is based on the position of the sun in the ecliptic (the Earth's orbit around the sun) on to the division. Depending on the sun from the vernal equinox (longitude zero, at the moment the sun is shining perpendicularly to the equator) departs every 15 degrees forward to a throttle; run a week back to the vernal equinox, is a tropical year, together 360 degrees, thus divided into 24 solar terms. Throttle date in the Gregorian calendar is relatively fixed, as the beginning of spring is always in the Gregorian calendar between February 3 to 5. But in the Chinese calendar, the date is not good throttle OK, and then to the beginning of spring, for example, it is the earliest year in the lunar calendar on December 15, the latest in the first month on the 15th. As can be seen from the twenty-four solar terms of naming, divided throttle fully consider the change of seasons, climate, phenology and other natural phenomena. Among them, the beginning of spring, beginning of summer, beginning of autumn, the beginning of winter, equinoxes, solstices is used to reflect the season, one year will be divided in spring, summer, autumn and winter four seasons. Equinoxes, solstices is divided from the astronomical point of view, reflecting the change in height of the sun turning point. The beginning of spring, beginning of summer, autumn, reflects the beginning of winter seasons. Because of China's vast territory, with a very clear and continental monsoon climate, weather and climate around the huge difference, so the changing seasons in different regions are quite different. Slight Heat, Great Heat, Chushu, Osamu, Big Chill five solar terms reflect changes in temperature, is used to indicate the degree of cold and heat at different times of the year; rain, Grain Rain, snow, snow solar terms reflect the precipitation phenomenon, indicating rain, snow time and intensity; reflected on the surface of the three throttle dew, dew, frost is condensation, sublimation phenomenon, but in fact reflects the gradual decline in temperature and degree of process: the temperature drops to a certain extent, the phenomenon of water vapor condensation occurs; temperature continued to decline, not only increased condensation, and more cool; When the temperature drops below zero degrees Celsius, the water vapor condensate Huawei cream. Grain Budding reflects on crop maturity and harvest conditions; Waking of Insects, Pure Brightness reflects Phenology phenomenon, especially Waking of Insects, it is in heaven with early recovery and underground mine of stinging insects, to herald the return of spring Beginning of spring, beginning of summer, beginning of autumn, the beginning of winter - are collectively referred to as "four", we denote the beginning of the seasons. "Li" start meaning. Usually in the Gregorian calendar every year on February 4, May 5, Aug. 7, 7 and 11 months later. "Four legislation" represents the beginning of astronomical seasons, said from the climate, the general was still in one season, the Yellow River as the beginning of spring is still winter. Solstices - collectively known as "Second to", said the astronomical summer, winter extreme. "To" means very most. Summer solstice, winter solstice, usually in the Gregorian calendar every year on June 21 and December 22. Rain again and again have snow solstice winter solstice Equinoxes - collectively known as "two", which means that the length of day and night are equal. "Points" that bisects meaning. The two solar terms in general about the Gregorian calendar every year on March 20 and September 23. Rainwater - said precipitation began, gradually increasing rainfall. After February 18 Gregorian calendar every year for rain. Waking of Insects - Jubilee Chad move, awakened the dormant dormant in the soil animals. At this time the temperature rose rapidly, gradual Jubilee sprout. Gregorian calendar every year around March 5 to Waking of Insects. Qingming - contains the weather is nice, fresh air Ming Jie, gradually warming, meaning lush vegetation. Gregorian year about April 5 for the Qingming. Grain Rain - rain increased greatly beneficial to the growth of cereal crops. Gregorian calendar every year after April 20 for the Grain Rain. Little Moon - its meaning is the beginning of summer crops of grain filling full, but not yet mature, but Xiao-Man, yet large full. Gregorian calendar every year around May 21 this day is Xiaoman. Grain in Ear - wheat and other crops have mango ripe, summer planting begins. About a year on June 5 for the Grain in Ear. Budding fire days Slight Heat, Great Heat, Chushu - summer is hot and mean. Slight yet reached the hottest, Great Heat is the hottest season, Chushuben is hot summer days coming to an end. They are about a year in the Gregorian calendar July 7, July 23 and August 23. Dew - the temperature began to fall, the cooler weather in the morning with the dew on the grass. After September 7 dew Gregorian calendar every year. Dew - lower temperatures, the air was dew, gradual chill. On this day every year usually in October 8. Frost - the weather is getting cold, frost began. Frost is usually in the Gregorian calendar every year on October 23. Snow, snow - snow began, small and large, said the extent of snowfall. Snow in the Gregorian calendar every year on November 22, heavy snow at around 7 December. Osamu, Big Chill - further cold weather, has not yet reached the coldest Osamu, Big Chill is the coldest time of the year. Gregorian January 5th and the 20th of the month or so small, the Big Chill. Twenty-four solar reflecting the sun's apparent motion anniversary, so the solar terms in the existing basic fixed date in the Gregorian calendar, the first half of the 6, 21, in the second half at 8, 23, not bad after 1 to 2 days
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Location and significance of the ecliptic
Beginning of spring: the Big Dipper that the Northeast. Solar longitude of 315 degrees. Is the head of a throttle 24 solar terms. The implication is entered in the spring, "the sun and from the sting, product materials are Spring", after the beginning of spring, rebirth vibrant, from the beginning of the year round. Rain: the Big Dipper that azelaic. Solar longitude of 330 °. At this spring over the blowing snow and ice melt, humid air, the rain increased, so called rain. People often say: "Li gradually warm spring, rainwater send fat busy." Waking of Insects: refers to the small bucket. Solar longitude of 345 °. The throttle means "spring" after the weather gets warmer, the Jubilee began sounding, dormant in the soil for a variety of hibernating animals will start waking up activities, so called Awakening of Insects. This winter worm ovulation period should begin to hatch. Parts of the country over into the spring season. Proverb goes:. "Waking of Insects is too warm and, the old horn toad singing folk songs," "Waking of Insects a plow soil, the vernal equinox to air on" "Waking of Insects to 雷先鸣 not rain like a dragon.." Vernal Equinox: the Big Dipper that azelaic. Solar longitude of 0 °. Equinox the sun above the equator. This is the 90-day Spring carve points north and south hemispheres that day and night are equal, so Jiaochun points. This position Bianxiang days after the direct sun northward in the Northern Hemisphere day short night. So began the spring equinox in the northern hemisphere. Winter crops in most parts of our country into the growth stage of spring. Around Nongyan: "equinox front bucket meter bucket of money" (Guangdong), "Rain rain six decades equinox, summer fire six decades of Heaven" (Sichuan), "equinox rain and everyone is busy, after the first planting beans melons" (Hubei ), "equinox vegetables, pick melons Great Heat" (Hunan), "equinox hemp seed beans, seed wheat seed garlic Equinox" (Anhui). Qingming: refers to the small bucket. Solar longitude of 15 °. At this refreshing warm climate, vegetation originating new buds, things began to grow, farmers are busy plowing spring planting. In the past, the festival this day, some people are plugged in at the door of willow, but also to the country hikers, sweep the tomb, which is an ancient custom. Grain Rain: bucket refers Kuei. Solar longitude of 30 °. Rainwater is the meaning of raw grains, ground grain moisture due to the growth of the rain, so the Grain Rain is "Rain born one hundred Valley." Saying goes "before Grain Rain, you reap what you sow beans." Beginning of summer: the Big Dipper that the southeast. Solar longitude of 45 °. Is the beginning of the summer, from entering the summer, exuberant big things. Traditionally regarded as the beginning of summer temperatures increased significantly, Yan Shu will be temporary, increase in thunderstorms, into one of the most important crops grown throttle season. Little Moon: bucket nails. Solar longitude of 60 °. Childhood full of summer crops started, barley, winter wheat, etc., have been a result, full grain, but not yet mature, so petit full. Grain in Ear: Compass points to. Solar longitude of 75 °. Then there is the most suitable for planting mango cereal crops, such as late Valley, millet, millet and so on. If after this time and then planted with mango and bad crops mature. Meanwhile, the "Mountain" refers to mango crops such as wheat, barley, "species" means seeds. Budding indicate that wheat and other crops have matured Mans. Grain in Ear around the Yangtze in central China's downstream areas, increased rainfall, higher temperatures, into the continuous rain in the rainy season, the air is very humid, the weather was unusually hot, easy to mold a variety of appliances and clothing, so in China's Yangtze, downstream also called "Meiyu." Summer Solstice: Compass point B. Solar longitude of 90 °. Sun in longitude 90 ° "summer solstice" when direct sunlight is almost over the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere the highest midday sun. This day is the longest day in the northern hemisphere, the shortest day of the night, from this day onwards, into the hot season, all things the most vigorous growth at this time. In ancient times, the heart of this day is called the day again to the north, which means the sun shipped raw to the most northern one day. Over the summer solstice, the sun gradually moved south in the northern hemisphere shortened daylight every day and night every day lengthened. Slight: bucket refers Sim. Solar longitude of 105 °. The weather has been hot, but less is hot, so called Slight. At this point, after a Chu Fu. Great Heat: bucket refers to propylene. Solar longitude of 120 °. Great Heat is the hottest year of the weather, are on duty around two volts, the Yangtze River in many places, often 40 ℃ hot weather. To prepare sunstroke work. The rain solar terms in the "Slight Heat, Great Heat, drowned rat," the proverb, pay attention to flood control and waterlogging. Autumn: Compass pointing to the southwest. Solar longitude of 135 °. From that day began to fall, autumn, Delicate next month. Thereafter, the temperature gradually dropped from the hottest. Chushuben: bucket refers to amyl. Solar longitude of 150 °. Then the hot summer already coming to an end. Heat would scattered. It was a turning point drop in temperature. Is a symbol of the climate cools, which means that summer day termination. Dew: bucket refers Kuei. Solar longitude of 165 °. Cooler weather, ground water vapor condensation most. Autumnal Equinox: bucket represents. Solar longitude of 180 °. With the spring equinox, like this day, the sun is almost direct equator, day and night are almost equal. From that day onwards, the position continues to direct sunlight goes from the equator to the southern hemisphere, the northern hemisphere began to shorter days and longer. By the fall of China's lunar theory, which is half the day just ninety days of autumn, which called the autumnal equinox. However, the provisions in astronomy, from the autumnal equinox in the northern hemisphere autumn begins. Dew: Bucket nails. Solar longitude of 195 °. After the dew, the cooler weather, dew began to appear, to the dew, the dew on the day, and the temperature is lower. So, it was said, was exposed in the cold air, the first white and then cold, cold climate will gradually meaning. The water vapor then cemented white dew. Frost: solar longitude of 210 °. The weather has been cold, frost began, so called frost. Lidong: solar longitude of 225 °. Traditionally, our people this day as the beginning of winter. Winter, as the end of meaning, refers to the end of the year field operations, collecting up after crop harvest meant to be. Beginning of winter is over, our Yellow River, the downstream area is about to freeze, farmers all over the country will gradually be transferred to capital construction of farmland water conservancy and other farming activities. Snow: solar longitude of 240 °. The temperature drops, the snow started, but not to the snow season, so called snow. Before and after the snow, the Yellow River began to snow (late Southern snowfall also two solar terms); while the north, has entered the frozen season. Snow: solar longitude of 255 °. Before and after the snow, the Yellow River region are beginning to have snow; while the north is "ice, A thousand snow drift" in the winter. Winter Solstice: solar longitude of 270 °. On this day the winter solstice, the sun is almost direct Tropic of Capricorn, our shortest day in the Northern Hemisphere, the longest night, began to enter the coldest days. Provisions of this day is the beginning of astronomical winter in the northern hemisphere. And after the winter solstice, sunlight position gradually moving northward in the Northern Hemisphere during the day and gradually longer, saying: eat the winter solstice face day long line. Osamu: solar longitude of 285 °. Osamu, they began to enter the cold season. Sekihisa and cold air-conditioning, Osamu is the extreme cold weather but no meaning. Big Chill: solar longitude of 300 °. Big Chill is to the extreme cold weather meant. Big Chill before is the coldest season of the year. Big Chill positive thirty-nine just after forty-nine beginning. Saying: "three thousand nine hundred forty-nine not shot." After the Big Chill, followed by the arrival of spring, the weather is getting warmer. So far the Earth revolves around the sun for a week to complete a cycle.
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Bilingual
Spring Comes the Beginning of Spring (1st solar term) Feb.3, 4, or 5 Rain Rain Water (2nd solar term) Feb.18, 19 or 20 Insects Awaken the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) Mar.5, 6, or 7 Equinox the Spring Equinox (4th solar term) Mar.20, 21 or 22 Qingming Pure Brightness (5th solar term) Apr.4, 5 or 6 Guyu Grain Rain (6th solar term) Apr.19, 20 or 21 Lixia the Beginning of Summer (7th solar term) May 5,6 or 7 Xiaoman Lesser Fullness of Grain (8th solar term) May 20,21 or 22 Grain in Ear Grain in Beard (9th solar term) Jun.5, 6 or 7 The summer solstice, the Summer Solstice (10th solar term) Jun.21 or 22 Slight Lesser Heat (11th solar term) Jul.6, 7 or 8 Great Heat Greater Heat (12th solar term) Jul.22, 23 or 24 Liqiu the Beginning of Autumn (13th solar term) Aug.7, 8 or 9 Chushuben the End of Heat (14th solar term) Aug.22, 23 or 24 Dew White Dew (15th solar term) Sep.7, 8 or 9 Autumnal Equinox the Autumn Equinox (16th solar term) Sep.22, 23 or 24 Dew Cold Dew (17th solar term) Oct.8 or 9 Frost Frost's Descent (18th solar term) Oct.23 or 24 Lidong the Beginning of Winter (19th solar term) Nov.7 or 8 Snow Lesser Snow (20th solar term) Nov.22 or 23 Snow Greater Snow (21th solar term) Dec.6, 7 or 8 Winter solstice, the Winter Solstice (22th solar term) Dec.21, 22 or 23 Osamu Lesser Cold (23th solar term) Jan.5, 6 or 7 Big Chill Greater Cold (24th solar term) Jan.20 or 2
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Throttle poetry
(A) Spring rain scared Qing Gu days of summer summer full Mans connected Lu Qiu Qiu Department frost, winter snows Xuedong Little Big Chill Monthly two do not change, up to a difference twelve days In the first half to twenty-six, the second half was eight Niansan (Two) West Park Mei put before the beginning of spring, light rain cloud town Xiao Lian. Waking of Insects Chujiao river carp jump, equinox Butterfly Dream Flower Room. Qingming good time to fly a kite, West Wing Yi Gu Yu sericulture. Peony beginning of summer flowers scattered, small covered Pretrial Hosta. Grain in Ear fishing music across the river, farmland cultivated between the summer solstice. Slight white Luoshan the body, Wang River Great Heat wind sleep. Sunflower autumn flowers bloom, Chushuben West listening late cicadas. Ascot Park in James dew, Equinox fold Gui Yuehua days. Dry mountain dew frightened geese, frost aloe Polygonum Beach. Lidong drink Kylin, embroidered jacket snow Wing-sie articles. Flip secluded snow red furnace warm, winter solstice lazy to play the lute. Osamu Gaowo Handan Dream, holding Piao cold air Jiaotong University. (Three) Plum exceptionally brilliant beginning of spring, rain Apricot flowers fresh; Waking of Insects Lulin hear thunder reported equinox butterflies dance among the flowers. Qingming kite break, even Guyu tender emerald tea, Li Xia Sang fruit like cherries, Grain sericulture and farming. Budding jade vine pretrial release, such as the summer solstice rice flower Bailian; Slight winds early reminder cooked beans, Great Heat reward lotus pool. Autumn cicada encouraging people to sleep, Chushuben sunflower joy of laughter; Bailou Yan Yan go again, Equinox Osmanthus fragrant garden. Dew green vegetable shoots field, frost aloe Piaoman days; Lidong Annunciation offer three Swiss, patches of snow goose flying. Snow Samuume windward mad, winter solstice misfortune; Osamu go wandering homesick, Big Chill-year-old bottom Reunion. (D) twenty-four solar climate farming song Beginning of Spring: Spring play sixty-nine beginning of spring, spring land preparation early hands-on, spring, agricultural production record high priority. Rain: rain rain, such as oil, the top anti-Ling Yun rake moisture flow, multi-product multi-hit grain fertilizer, seed _select_ion of a bumper harvest. Waking of Insects: Insects Awaken warm days in the open air, awakening dormant insect sting, the winter wheat repression to soil moisture, arable weed species Spring rake. Vernal Equinox: How much rain wind equinox, thawed from Chunchao land, paddy flat early Fanshai, reviving the irrigated winter wheat. Qingming: Qingming beginning of spring green grass, beans, melons points good hour, planting sugar beet seed, rice seedling _select_ed species. Grain Rain: Valley rain and snow off the cream is not broken, MO delay sowing cereals, swallows return water drip heads, nursery grafting cultivated orchards. Beginning of summer: the beginning of summer Barley steadily high, Hirata soil preparation plant rice seedlings, weeding the soil moisture protection, windproof greenhouses to manage. Little Moon: Xiaoman mild spring strong, flies control aphids straw, rice dressing promote tillering, shorn fleece anti-cold. Budding: Budding little rain temperatures, thinning and Dingmiao corn, buckwheat cereal Mi grab moisture species, rice Tian Zhonggeng ground weeding. Summer solstice: the beginning of the summer solstice fierce hail, pulling miscellaneous _select_ed to the inferior species, hail rain hot wind, corn fertilizer anti armyworm. Slight: Slight into the dog days of summer, Longkou wins race against time eating corn cultivator and earth, rain and fire Mo lightly. Great Heat: Great Heat hot rainstorm growth, tight cropping Qiucai flood control, ground survey forecast blast, anti-cold deepwater nursing seedlings. Autumn: Li Qiuqiu start dripping rain early against corn, plowing deep plowing the soil becomes gold, pick a tree nursery budding heart. Chushuben: Chushuben volts to make Autumn beauty, jade main beet to irrigation, grain dishes late Qin management, land preparation for winter wheat seed and fertilizer. Dew: dew Yehan hot during the day, a good time to sow winter wheat, rice irrigation Shaitian close sunflower, precocious busy picking apples. Autumnal Equinox: Equinox becoming cooler autumn days, rice yellow fruit harvest busy to pay public grain threshing mill valley, mountains frost listen to weather. Dew: Various Artists dew dry grass, potato and beet busy recover, manage radish and cabbage, straw autumn fertilization. Frost: frost icing and frosting, seize the autumn turn build good soil moisture, freezing winter day eliminate irrigation water, dried grain threshing barn repair. Beginning of winter: cold day of winter to eliminate, sheep livestock ring repair firm, repair channels Peitian soil preparation, irrigation and construction upsurge was _set_ off. Snow: snow to seal early Piao, grape saplings buried quickly, and utilize fallow plot fertilizer, manure crops not a bloody fool. Snow: snow December snow Mega years, yielding a variety of business innovation, timely rake Yun Bao good moisture, and more to find source of manure fertilizer plot. Winter Solstice: Solstice cold number nine days, sheep and cattle to be cold, and actively participate in the evening technical schools, increase harvest by scientific research. Osamu: Osamu enter thirty-nine days, harvest rich Qingyuan Dan Winter participate in training courses, constantly sum up new experience. Big Chill: Big Chill cold though farmers happy, wealthy boast endless policy, contract continues to dry, with joy over a years. (E) the throttle hundred children song Road sub-sub to say, the first month of the New Year playing the Lions. February Waking of Insects hold silkworm son, Ching Ming grave March Gone son. April beginning of summer planting son, May Dragon Boat Festival to eat dumplings. Hot June day to buy a fan, July autumn burning bundle wrapped in cloth child. August holidays Ma Bing son, bad son fishing Chongyang September. October Aozai profile for wear, winter months ShuJiu bake cage. The twelfth year is four master account to hide. (F) twenty-four solar CALLIGRAPHY Earth revolves around the sun, circle around the end of the year. Year into December, twenty-four tightly linked. Calculated according to the Gregorian calendar, the two gas a month does not change. In the first half is six, twenty, the second half of every eight, Niansan. These are cross-festivals, there are poor but twelve days. Twenty-four there has, between mind heart following formulas: January Osamu pick Big Chill, February beginning of spring rain even; Waking of Insects equinox in March, Qingming Gu Yu April day; May the beginning of summer and Xiao-Man, the summer solstice on June Budding even; Slight Heat and Great Heat, July, and August Chushu beginning of autumn; September equinox pick dew, dew frost full-October; Lidong November snow, snow winter solstice New Year. Seize the busy season production, seed Paul received timely harvest. (Seven) twenty-four solar Folk Beginning of spring yang turn, rain along the river edge. Waking of Insects crows, equinox drip dry. Qingming busy kind of millet, Gu Yu species Daejeon. Lixia goose live, Grain bird to the full. Grain in Ear Coral, summer solstice vain cotton. Slight too hot, great heat in the dog days of summer. Autumn busy playing indigo, Chushuben sickle knife. Dew busy annexations, no Ikuta autumnal equinox. Not too cold dew, frost changed days. First day of winter closure, snow river seal. Pay winter months snow, winter solstice number nine days. Osamu busy comprador, Big Chill to the New Year.
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Throttle Nongyan
Also on the throttle, also spread a lot of ancient Nongyan, such as: Osamu: a candidate plum, two candidates camellia, three candidates daffodils; Big Chill: a candidate Daphne, two candidates orchids, three candidates Hill alum; Beginning of spring: a candidate Spring, two candidates cherries, three candidates Wangchun; Rain: a candidate cauliflower, apricot designate two or three candidates Li Hua; Waking of Insects: a candidate peach, two candidates Kerria, three candidates rose; Vernal Equinox: a candidate crabapple, pear two candidates, three candidates Magnolia; Qingming: a candidate Blossom, two Rohmer flowers, three candidates Lau Fa; Grain Rain: a candidate peonies, two Mi-designate yeast, three candidates Dong flowers. An autumnal equinox early, late frost, dew kinds of wheat is the time 2 cicadas called, cut rice, cicadas fly, stack hay 3 mountain yellow stone black, _set_ Yak early wheat seed 4 Xiaoman around, Ann melon point beans 5 April Budding rain, May guiltless earth, fire June Po Winter Festival in the first 6 months, Bu cold in the pocket; Winter Festival Central month, no snow and no frost; Winter Festival at the end of January, February are cold Bu 7 thunder autumn and winter half-closed 8 twenty-eight mess dress, spring stepmother face 9 month froze turtles, February cold dead cow, dead cold March sowing fields who died April cold bride, Qingming Gu Yu cold dead tiger mother 10 dew wheat, beans frost 11 Lixia Xiao-Man, catch rainwater phase 12 beginning of summer rain gurgling, meters to cut to no disposal Started on June 13, a pressure mine nine
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Throttle Introduction
Since 2000, the country's main political activity center and more concentrated in the Yellow River Basin, 24 solar terms it is the climate of this area, based on phenological _set_ up. Because China has a vast, varied terrain, the twenty-four solar terms for many of the region is just a reference. Far in the Spring and Autumn Period, the _set_ of four solar terms mid-spring, summer, the autumn and mid-winter and so on. After continuous improvement and perfection, to the Qin dynasty years, 24 solar terms have been fully established. 104 BC, developed by Tang equality "in the beginning calendar", officially _set_ at twenty-four solar calendar, clear the 24 solar astronomical position. In ancient times, the year is divided into twelve Ji, Ji month there are two throttle. Preceding calendar for the festival, in the post as in the air, such as New Year's Day as the beginning of spring, the rain was the first month in the calendar section and later put the gas referred to as solar terms. Twenty-four solar is based on the position of the sun in the ecliptic (the Earth's orbit around the sun) on to the division. Depending on the sun from the vernal equinox (longitude zero, at the moment the sun is shining perpendicularly to the equator) departs every 15 degrees forward to a throttle; run a week back to the vernal equinox, is a tropical year, together 360 degrees, thus divided into 24 solar terms. Throttle date in the Gregorian calendar is relatively fixed, as the beginning of spring is always in the Gregorian calendar between February 3 to 5. But in the Chinese calendar, the date is not good throttle OK, and then to the beginning of spring, for example, it is the earliest year in the lunar calendar on December 15, the latest in the first month on the 15th. Lunar neither now nor lunar solar calendar, but a lunisolar calendar with the Gregorian Calendar combined. Lunar leap month existence, such as New Year's Eve in accordance with the first day to be counted as the twelfth year, the number of days per year the Lunar difference than large (leap year 13 months). In order to regulate the number of days in the lunar calendar (attribution) every year on the first day was not the first day, but the beginning of spring. The lunar year is the year of the beginning of spring to the following year from the day before the beginning of spring. For example in 2008 the Lunar Lunar New Year, Lunar New Year is not the first day of the Gregorian calendar February 7, 2008 (the first lunar month), but the Gregorian calendar February 4, 2008.
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Encyclopedia
ershisi jieqi Twenty-four solar Twelve Twelve of gas and solar terms, collectively, may have originated in the Warring States period, is a unique creation in ancient China. It tells people that the sun moves to the ecliptic twenty-four date position with the season meaningful for thousands of years in China played an important role in agricultural development. In the "Huai Astronomical Institute" (circa 140 BC), there is a complete twenty-four solar terms record, its name and order are consistent with prevailing today. Throttle, the gas, the gas level, fixed gas throttle arrangement depends on the sun. Western Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn Period sundial measured shadow method to _set_ the winter solstice and the summer solstice at the moment. Subsequently, a regression of the length (see years) is divided into 24 parts, from the beginning the winter solstice, successively spaced intervals and arranged in the respective air throttle. This method is called flat gas. According to level of gas way, there is a throttle month, one in the air. For example: for the first month of spring solar terms, for the first month of rain in the air; Jingzhe February throttle, spring into the air in mid-February, and so on. Because the two solar terms longer than a lunar month of time, so only one case within one month of the throttle or gas may occur. Western Han Dynasty, "In the beginning calendar" (see falling Wing) and thus can be specified in the first half throttle the second half of the month or the month appear, and the gas must appear in this month; If you have no gas in the month, can be _set_ at Last month, the leap month. This follows the principles _set_ leap a thousand years. Northern Qi Dynasty (AD 550 ~ 577 years) Zhang Zixin discovered the apparent motion of the sun uneven (because the Earth's orbit is elliptical). Renshou four years (AD 604), Liu Zhuo in his "imperial extremely calendar" in accordance with this uneven proposed reform in the twenty-four solar terms, will be divided into 24 parts, such as Zhou, Sun transitional points to each is a moment when the throttle. This arrangement of the throttle gap is not uniform, this method is called fixed gas. Fixed gas used primarily in calendar calculations. On the daily calendar spectra have been using flat gas, until the Qing Dynasty began to use a given gas. Twenty-four solar table name 24 solar, solar terms in the current Gregorian date and time in roughly solar longitude degrees in the table. Twenty-four solar reflecting the sun's apparent motion anniversary, so the solar terms in the current Gregorian calendar date largely fixed in the first half at 6, 21, in the second half at 8, 23, not bad after twelve days. The impact and application of twenty-four solar originated in the Yellow River Basin, based on thousands of years throughout China became the main agricultural activities, agriculture still plays a role. In order to facilitate memory, people made out of the twenty-four solar verses: Spring rain scared Qing Gu days of summer summer full Mans connected autumn frost at dew Qiu, winter snows Xuedong small Big Chill. As the Chinese calendar rumor, 24 solar terms spread to many parts of the world. Bibliography Luren Shou: "Twenty-four solar terms," Agriculture Press, Beijing, 1956. (Liu Jinyi)
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English Expression
n.: the twenty-four solar terms
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Buddhist Encyclopedia
solar period(term); a day marking one of the 24 divisions of the solar year in the traditional Chinese calendar