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伪瞳孔
  ( kūn chóng yǎn wěi tóng kǒng de xíng chéng xiāng guān cèliáng shù
jiǎn shù Description
  dāng men kàn zhe yòu jiào de yǎn de kūn chóng táng lánghuáng chóng děngde yǎn jīng shíhuì xiàn de yǎn zhōng rán yòu hēi tóng kǒngér qiě lùn menguān chá zhězěn yàng dòng tóng kǒng zhuàng de hēi diǎn zǒng shì duì zhe men shì men nán miǎn huái zěn me kūn chóng de yǎn shénme shí hòu biàn rén yǎn yàng liǎo shí zhè bìng shì zhēn de tóng kǒngkūn chóng xué shàng chēng wéi wěi tóng kǒng ( pseudopupil)。 zhī suǒ huì yòu wěi tóng kǒngshì yòu hěn de guāng xué yuán yīn de
zhòng yào de yòu guān yán jiū liào1( shí fēn nán de liào!) Important relevant research data 1 (the information very rare!)
   xià yīng wén yuán wén liào lái wǎng shàng de pdf: zài yào bié gǎn xiè fēn xiǎng liào de jiǎn yuán tóng zhì!! yuán zhǐ: http://web.neurobio.arizona.edu/gronenberg/nrsc581/eyedesign/visualacuity.pdf
   gāi yán jiū dàng 'àn de jiǎn jiè:( zhè shì yīng guó xué jiā nián de yán jiū chéng guǒ
  annu.rev.entomol.1997.42:147 77
  copyright
  c1997byannualreviewsinc.allrightsreserved
  visualacuityininsects
  michaelf.land
  sussexcentreforneuroscience,schoolofbiologicalsciences,universityofsussex,
  brightonbn19qg,unitedkingdom
  keywords:vision,eye,optics,acutezone,interommatidialangle
  abstract
  theacuityofcompoundeyesisdeterminedbyinterommatidialangles,optical
  quality,andrhabdomdimensions.itisalsoaffectedbylightlevelsandspeed
  ofmovement.ininsects,interommatidialanglesvaryfromtensofdegreesin
  apterygota,toaslittleas0:24indragonflies.resolutionbetterthanthisisnot
  attainableincompoundeyesofrealisticsize.thesmallertheinterommatidial
  anglethegreaterthedistanceatwhichobjects héng prey,predators,orfoliage héng
  canberesolved.insectswithdifferentlifestyleshavecontrastingpatternsof
  interommatidialangledistribution,relatedtoforwardflight,captureonthewing,
  andpredationonhorizontalsurfaces.
wěi tóng kǒng chéng yīn The causes of pseudo-pupil
伪瞳孔成因
  xià wéi cái yào zhǎo de dōng zhè jiě shì zhēn de dài liǎo hǎo jiǔ hǎo jiǔ 'ā!)
  morerecently,measurementsof 'ěr phi haveinvolvedtheuseofthepseudopupil
  initsvariousforms.thepseudopupil,typicallyablackdotthatappearstomove
  aroundtheinsect seyeastheobserver’ sviewpointchanges,markstheommatidia
  thatimage héng andabsorblightfrom héng theobserver.thusalinejoiningthe
  pseudopupiltotheobserver’ seyeisthedirectionofviewoftheommatidiain
  thatregion.localmeasurementsof“ 'ěr phi” canbemadeeasilybyrotatingtheeye
  throughaknownsmallangle(a)andcountingthenumberofommatidia(b)
  crossedbythepseudopupil,“ 'ěr phi” isthena=b.typically,measurementsaremade
  withtheanimalcenteredonagoniometricstage,andthepseudopupilisobserved
  orphotographedthroughamicroscope(23).wheretheinterommatidial
  anglesaresmall,asforexampleintheacutezonesofdragonflyeyes,thebest
  pseudopupilimageliessomedistancebelowthecornea(thedeeppseudopupil),
  anditisimportanttouseasmallmicroscopeaperturesothatbothcorneaand
  pseudopupilcanbevisualizedtogether.becausethepseudopupilisactually
  amagnifiedimageofboththerhabdomanditssurroundingpigment,itscenter
  mustbelocatedtofindtheommatidialaxisdirection.usuallythisisnot
  aproblem,butwhereinterommatidialangleschangerapidly,thepseudopupil
  becomesasymmetricandcareisrequired.
   jiù shì shuō men kàn dào táng láng děng kūn chóng de yǎn jīng zǒng shì yòu tóng kǒng kàn zhe hēi diǎn jiào zuò pseudopupil, wěi tóng kǒng ”), wán quán shì yīn wéi zhèng duì men shì jiè de yǎn zhōng shì gān bāo shōu liǎo men shì zhóu de guāng yīn 'ér cái chéng hēi yīn kàn dào yòu xiē xiāng gǎng rén de jiě shì shuōhēi diǎn shì zhèng duì shì yěchǔ yǎn fǎn guāng 'ér chéng chū de guān chá zhěde yàng de jiě shì yīnggāi shì zhǔn què de
   yán jiū zhě chù hái dào liǎo zhǒng guǎng fàn yòng dìng xiǎo yǎn( ommatidium) shù liàng de fāng chēng wéi“ delta-phi”, jiě de jiù shìjiǎo de biàn huà liàng”, zhǐ yào yòng zhǒng xiǎo guāng juàn de xiǎn wēi jìng duì zhǔn yǎn de mǒu chùgēn de shè yǐng zhī shíxiǎo guāng juàn wèi zhe jǐng shēn ), yīn zài gāi dìng zhōng bǎo zhèng jiǎo wěi tóng kǒng tóng shí bèi kàn jiàn men suǒ jiàn dào de wěi tóng kǒng zài jiǎo zhī xià), yóu shí shàng shì shì gān shù zhōu wéi de fàng xiàngyīn men yòng xiǎn wēi jìng dìng wèi chū de wéi tóng kǒng shí jiù shì shì gān bāoàn zhào de kūn chóng xué zhī shí jiězhè zhǒng wěi tóng kǒng dìng wèi yīnggāi shì jiào jīng què deyīn wéi nèi xiǎo yǎn( inter-ommatidium) de jiā jiǎo shì fēi cháng wēi dezhǎo dào liǎo wěi tóng kǒng de zhèng duì wèi zhì jiù rán néng què dìng shì xiǎo yǎn liǎo yòng zhè zhǒng zài yǎn shàng shù chū xiǎo yǎn yào men guó jiā mǒu mǒu shēng 'ào sài péi xùn bān zhōng jiǎng de suàn miàn zài xiāng chú de bàn yào xué duō!) guò men qiáng diào dào guǒ nèi xiǎo yǎn de jiǎo shēng de biàn huà wěi tóng kǒng jiù huì biàn duìchèn”( jiě shì hǎo zhuō de )。
   zhì duì táng láng wéi dài biǎo de kūn chóng yǎn jīng de huò shì xiāng xìn shàng yīng guó xué jiā de jiě shì de men de cèliáng jiēguǒ lùn biǎo shù dōushì hěn yán jǐn de
tóng zhuàng kuàng xià de wěi tóng kǒng Under different conditions the pseudo-pupil
  hòu bào gào zhōng xiě dào
  indarkcoloredeyesthepseudopupilisoftennotapparent.crossedpolarizing
  fiberscanbeusedtocutdownreflections,butamoregenerallyusefultechnique
  isknownastheantidromicpseudopupil(15).herethecenteroftheheadis
  illuminatedfrombelow,andlightfindingitswayintotheproximalpartof
  therhabdom(ere)sisemittedfromtheirdistaltips.thisproducesaluminous
  pseudopupil,whichcanbeexaminedinthesamewayasthedark“ orthodromic”
  kind.pseudopupilmethodsarediscussedandreviewedinreferences(14,23,
  76,87).
   zhè jiù shì shuōzhè guǒ yòu jìng qǐng zhǐ chū), kūn chóng zài 'àn chù yòu wěi tóng kǒngzhǐ shì yóu yǎn gòu zào shàng de zhǒngjiāo cuò de piān zhèn xìng xiān wéizhē dǎng liǎo fǎn shè guāngzhè de què shì cóng wèi zhù dào guò deduì lái shuō què shì xīn xiàn。) wén zhōng zhǐ chūyòng guāng zhào shè kūn chóng tóu de jiù néng zài xiāng jìn de shì gān shùxiǎo yǎn duānjiù shì jiě pōu xué shàng zuì shēn chù de jiān duānkàn dào guāngzhè zhǒng zhuàng tài xià guāng de wěi tóng kǒngjiào zuò shì wěi tóng kǒng ( antidromicpseudopupil)”, yòng zhǒng tōng cháng qíng kuàng xià guāng de wěi tóng kǒngzhè chēng shùn shì wěi tóng kǒngyīng wén orthodromicpseudopupil) xiāng tóng de cèliáng fāng shàng miàn de fān zhōng dàolái jìn xíng dìng
  ( shàng nèi róng zhǐ shì yuán yán jiū bào gào de xiǎo fēnjìn fān gōng zuò hái yòu dài chōng。 )
zǒng zhīkūn chóng de yǎn jiù shì yǎn In short, the insect's compound eye compound eye is
   men guān chá zhě suǒ jiàn detóng kǒngzhǐ shì zhǒng zhèng duì wèi zhì de xiǎo yǎn duì guāng de shōu xiào yìng suǒ zhì
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