馬裏共和國（République du Mali）是西非的一個內陸國傢，嚮北與阿爾及利亞、嚮東與尼日爾、嚮南與布基納法索和科特迪瓦、嚮西南與幾內亞、嚮西與毛裏塔尼亞和塞內加爾接壤，是西非面積第二大的國傢。它的北部邊界在撒哈拉沙漠的中心，大多數人集中在南部，尼日爾河和塞內加爾河源於這裏。馬裏過去也被稱為法屬蘇丹，它的名字來源於馬裏帝國。
Mali, officially the Republic of Mali (French: République du Mali), is a landlocked nation in Western Africa. Mali is the seventh largest country in Africa, bordering Algeria on the north, Niger on the east, Burkina Faso and the Côte d'Ivoire on the south, Guinea on the south-west, and Senegal and Mauritania on the west. Its size is just over 1,240,000 km² with an estimated population of about 13,000,000. Its capital is Bamako.
Mali consists of eight regions and its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara, while the country's southern region, where the majority of inhabitants live, features the Niger and Senegal rivers. The country's economic structure centers around agriculture and fishing. Some of Mali's natural resources include gold, uranium, and salt. Mali is considered to be one of the poorest nations in the world.
Present-day Mali was once part of three West African empires that controlled trans-Saharan trade: the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire (from which Mali is named), and the Songhai Empire. In the late 1800s, Mali fell under French control, becoming part of French Sudan. Mali gained independence in 1959 with Senegal, as the Mali Federation. A year later, the Mali Federation became the independent nation of Mali. After a long period of one-party rule, a 1991 coup led to the writing of a new constitution and the establishment of Mali as a democratic, multi-party state. About half the population live below the international poverty line of US$1.25 a day.
塞古地區