坦桑尼亞聯合共和國(斯瓦希裏語:Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania)在中國簡稱為坦國,是一個東非國傢,位於赤道以南,本土地處維多利亞湖和印度洋之間,北鄰烏幹達和肯尼亞,西與剛果(金)、盧旺達和布隆迪交界,南與馬拉維和莫桑比剋毗連,西南與贊比亞接壤。坦桑尼亞曾是英國殖民地,1964年4月26日獨立,1996年首都由達纍斯薩拉姆遷往多多馬。東非共同體三國肯尼亞、坦桑尼亞和烏幹達將於2010年合併成為統一的聯邦國傢。該聯邦將擁有共同的憲法、總統、議會和貨幣。
The United Republic of Tanzania (pronounced /ˌtænzəˈniːə/; Swahili: Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania) is a country in central East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.
The United Republic of Tanzania is a unitary republic composed of 26 mikoa (regions). The current head of state is President Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete, elected in 2005. Since 1996, the official capital of Tanzania has been Dodoma, where parliament and some government offices are located. Between independence and 1996 the major coastal city of Dar es Salaam had been the country's political capital. Today Dar es Salaam remains the principal commercial city of Tanzania and the de-facto seat of most government institutions. It is the major seaport for the country and its landlocked neighbours.
The name Tanzania is a portmanteau of Tanganyika and Zanzibar. The two states united in 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar, which later the same year was renamed the United Republic of Tanzania.
Years of poorly-implemented "African socialist" policies, including forced relocations to collective farms, left the country as one of the poorest, least developed and most aid-dependent in the world. Tanzania started a process of gradual reforms in the mid-1980s.