梵蒂冈城国（拉丁语：Status Civitatis Vaticanae，意大利语：Stato della Città del Vaticano），前身为教皇国，是位于意大利首都罗马市西北角高地的一个内陆城邦与内飞地国家，为罗马天主教会中央政府以及圣座的所在地。作为世界六分之一人口的信仰中心，梵蒂冈也是全球面积最小、人口最少的国家。
* 国务院：综理教廷行政，并掌理教宗之枢密事务，首长为国务卿。现任国务卿Giovanni Lajolo为意大利籍。
* 国务院下设：一般事务组（掌内政）、外交事务组（掌外交），及九个圣部（Sacred Congregations）：信理部、东方教会部、礼仪及圣事部、册封圣人部、主教部、万民福音部、圣职部、修会部及教育部。
* 宗教法院（Tribunals）：圣赦院、最高法院及圣轮法院。
* 十一个宗座委员会（Pontifical Councils）：平信徒委员会、基督徒合一促进委员会、家庭委员会、正义暨和平委员会、一心委员会、移民暨观光委员会、医疗牧灵委员会、法典条文解释委员会、宗教协谈委员会、文化委员会及大众传播委员会（以上各机关首长多由枢机担任，任期五年）。
* 另有事务机关：宗座财务局、教廷财产管理局、教廷经济事务局、教廷内务管理处、教宗礼仪处及分别掌理特定事务之委员会。此外，教宗为治理梵蒂冈城邦，另设有“梵蒂冈城国管理委员会”（Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City）。
梵蒂冈的日常生活具有浓厚的宗教色彩，每遇周日，圣伯多禄广场天主教徒聚集，中午12点，随着教堂钟声响起，教宗在圣伯多禄大教堂楼顶正中窗口出现，向教徒们发表演说，梵蒂冈的瑞士卫队每年5月6日在圣达玛索庭院(Cortile di San Damaso)内举行宣誓仪式，诵念5个多世纪来一直不变的誓词，祈求天主保佑自己圆满完成任务，效忠教宗可以献出自己的生命。
Vatican City en-us-Vatican City.ogg /ˈvætɪkən ˈsɪti/, officially the State of the Vatican City (Italian: Stato della Città del Vaticano, Italian pronunciation: [ˈsta(ː)to della tʃitˈta del vatiˈka(ː)no]), is a landlocked sovereign city-state whose territory consists of a walled enclave within the city of Rome, the capital city of Italy. At approximately 44 hectares (110 acres) (0.44 km2), and with a population of just over 800, it is the smallest country in the world by both population and area.
Vatican City is a city-state that came into existence in 1929. It is distinct from the Holy See, which dates back to early Christianity and is the main episcopal see of 1.142 billion Roman Catholic and Eastern Catholic adherents from around the globe. Ordinances of Vatican City are published in Italian; official documents of the Holy See are issued mainly in Latin. The two entities even have distinct passports: the Holy See, not being a country, only issues diplomatic and service passports; the state of Vatican City issues normal passports. In both cases the passports issued are very few.
The Lateran Treaty in 1929, which brought the city-state into existence, spoke of it as a new creation (Preamble and Article III), not as a vestige of the much larger Papal States (756-1870) that had previously encompassed central Italy. Most of this territory was absorbed into the Kingdom of Italy in 1860, and the final portion, namely the city of Rome with a small area close to it, ten years later, in 1870.
Vatican City is an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state, ruled by the bishop of Rome—the Pope. The highest state functionaries are all Catholic clergymen of various racial, ethnic and national backgrounds. It is the sovereign territory of the Holy See (Sancta Sedes) and the location of the Pope's residence, referred to as the Apostolic Palace.
The Popes have resided in the area that in 1929 became Vatican City since the return from Avignon in 1377. Previously, they resided in the Lateran Palace on the Caelian Hill on the opposite side of Rome, which site Constantine gave to Pope Miltiades in 313. The signing of the agreements that established the new state took place in the latter building, giving rise to the name of Lateran Pacts, by which they are known.
梵蒂冈城