2008 Lunar New Year Lunar New Year, Lunar New Year arrangement of the rat, also known as the Year of the Rat. In China's traditional culture, many with the "rat" on the culture.
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Cultural status
Despite the poor reputation mouse, appearance is not pleasing, but also come to a "Laoshuguojie, people cry," the scorn, but the social, cultural folk chemical point of view, it has long been reborn by a unscrupulous harm sperm, evolved a very spiritual, intelligent, mysterious little creatures. China's civil society thousands of years ago to spread the so-called "Four", "five door" primitive worship of animals, that is the fox, weasel, hedgehog, mouse, snake fear of psychological reflection, it is common that these animals with extraordinary spiritual, representing the will of God and spirits. Mouse is another list, see mouse and human life are really inextricably intertwined, mouse cultural and natural aspects of human life without secret revealed, rat culture to become more and more cute rats, more and more mysterious.
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"Rat" in history
"Rat" character in Oracle where mouth open like a little mouse in a bite; the growing number of mouse characters, from the Shang Dynasty to the Qin Dynasty 1,000 years of evolution, the development process, many changes, has tended in the Qin Dynasty Xiaozhuan lines of the symbol; official script of the word rat in the evolution on the basis of Xiaozhuan, and mouse into a square head, feet and tail mice still a figure, but the image has been obvious the rat. Regular script of the word mouse rat absorbed the official script word character, which is today the word "mouse", which is more common in the art of cursive calligraphy and paintings. Anhui Province, near the archaeological discoveries in recent years, human beings have not appeared before the mice lived on earth 4,700 years, can be said that the mouse is a living fossil.
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From the perspective of rat zoology
Mice can be divided into broad and narrow rat rat. Generalized rat Those who can be called the mouse rodents, it is widely distributed in the world, to adapt to a wide range of lifestyle, there are ground-living, and arboreal, semi-aquatic and underground life, there is good at jumping, running, climbing , the gliding, swimming, and mining. Nevertheless, its basic features are the same, that is, have a two on two under four toothed incisors, no canines. Tooth canal is not closed, it can always growing incisors (incisor to curb the growth of mouse will often bite a hard object, causing great harm to the human results.) Narrow rat Branch and murine hamster alone have more than 100 are on, their common feature is the small size, mouse-gray hair, and kiss the light, small eyes, naked and with a scaly tail.
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The most common rat in China
Of the most common are (1) Rattus norvegicus, like habitat in the ditch next to it called trench rats. (2), black rats, are good at climbing, like living in the pavilion so high, it is also known as the roof rat. (3) flavipectus, widely distributed in southern China, habits and black norvegicus similar. (4), Mus musculus, the country widely distributed, small size, often dwelling in houses and various gaps in the debris pile.
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Feature
Variety and the number of mice not only amazing, with an estimated population several times more than the total number of mice, the most common addition to Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rat, black rat, the water norvegicus, there are harvest mouse, mice, gerbils, hamster, jerboa, muskrats, zokor, etc., the mouse is the world's largest American opossum, the body is like a cat, the rat is the smallest area of Lake Balkhash Russia jumping mouse, the size of thimble, under a microscope to see it the toe, prairie dogs is the longest life expectancy, life expectancy at 15 to 20 years. The world's largest number of rat is Rattus norvegicus, rodents of the world about 1 / 3, at least the mouse is mice Tia Hu, Jamaica, is only one stored in the Daycare Park. Eaten by rats every year as many as several thousand billion kilograms of grain, but also destroy grasslands, infectious diseases, so the mouse is the "four pests" one. Mice due to eating, eating bad things derived notoriety, annoying, so the "Laoshuguojie, from shouting from." Mice were also many words with the composition of the derogatory words such as "short-sighted", "Ben Wolf scatter in all directions," "rat liver worms arm", "mouse teeth bird angle," "Pirates of rat stolen dog," etc.;
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The contribution of mouse
But things have a duality of mouse is also a great contribution to mankind. Only from Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus albino mutation from the large, mice, science and medicine as experimental animals, the annual consumption of up to tens of millions only. As the amount of large, said the United States has a special hairless mice to produce a plant for experimental purposes. In addition, rats of the hair is a hard one protein, hydrolyzed protein hydrolysates can be prepared, also can be cystine, cysteine and other drugs, praised rat meat is a good man, mink feed, feed the zoo's carnivores can .
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Rat stamps
In China, many folk tales of mice, the most famous is the "rats get married," "married female rats", and became the subject of artists create paintings, loved by the masses. And spread to neighboring Vietnam and other countries. Therefore, the Vietnamese Lunar New Year stamps issued in 1996, (full two and a sheet) on the use of "married female rats," the story (Figure 2 for the "bride carrying" a). Ghana 1996 issue of the "Rat-year" mini-pane of stamps (Figure 3), a "mouse married," the story of the four stamps depicting scenes mice to marry the bride's excitement: the first graph, the groom riding, mice were gong, Chuisuo Na clear the way, the second figure, the Bridal mouse were carrying "a hundred years", "good together" the wedding wooden plaque, the third figure, mice were carrying the sedan chair, sedan chair, sat the bride, the fourth figure, who carried the wedding dowry of rat, mouse is also interesting is carrying a fish, presumably respectfully "cat master" of. Mice are a nuisance and harmful but clever small animals, their images often appear in the literature, there is love there is also hate. The first is the "Book of Songs" in the "Wei Fengshuo rat"; "Journey to the West" 81 to 83 back to the bottomless pit of rat sperm forced to write monk get married, marriage is the story of the development of rat; "Strange Stories" in the "A fiber, "Of Mice and Men love to write articles, and lively and vivid! "Fifteen Strings of Coppers" in the Lou rat A rat is stolen, a murderer; "Water Margin" in the day is 108 to rat Bai Sheng's character; "San Xia Wu Yi" in the row in Tokyo "Five mice "is a scholar Yi Xia, Yan by readers like. And so forth. Ranked in the zodiac rat race legend, is lying on the cow's back to go register, and finally win the first, which shows that the mouse is a flexible and changeable creatures, IQ is very high. Therefore, the mouse is popular among the ancient days of rat (Rat God) legend: Some Asian countries affected by the impact of Chinese culture, but also on the day of rat (Rat God) legend, which can be found in Korea, Mongolia, Thailand, Bhutan and other countries issued the Year of the Rat stamps. South Korea's 1984 release "Jiazi Year" stamps, the main (Figure 6) is a hand-held weapons, mighty mouse statues standing stone relief. Prototype from the Silla dynasty, dynasty tomb of General Kim Yu-sin Zodiac stone relief statues. Mongolia 1972 issue of the "Prince was" stamps (Figure 7) to-day rat (Rat God), and race composition of spacecraft - the left is a pattern in the forward mast of the rat run, the right is the two U.S. aerospace member control of the "Apollo 15" moon vehicle in hot pursuit behind, vivid image, composition humor, romance. January 1, 1996 issue of the Zodiac Rat stamps (2 types) appear as myths and legends of the days of mouse design, red-letter days that rat depicting clouds. Thailand's 1996 Lunar New Year Rat stamps issued, based on the myth of the Buddha in Thailand runner X. "arrested Peng Nana", depicting gods riding style mice (Figure 8). Control of the mouse when the gods are "rat days" (God mice). Kingdom of Bhutan with our neighbors, by the influence of Tibetan culture, the use of Tibetan in 1996, "Fire Rat" year, so the issue of Bhutan, "the Rat year" stamps, to the legendary "Fire Rat" design (Figure 9 ). In China's "miraculous by" also has "the fire rat," the record: South, volcanoes, long 40 years, students are not the trees, fire-burning day and night, the fire in rats, re-jin, Chi Yu Mao a long two ... ... Kingdom of Bhutan 1997, a small version of the stamps issued by the Lunar New Year, including a run in the main picture shows a mouse between the Moon and the Earth (Figure 10), apparently, this mouse is the day of rat (Rat God).
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Mice symbolic
Rat is the first spiritual symbolism, but also the performance of its clever and psychic aspects. Rat olfactory sensitivity, timid, suspicious, vigilance is high, the body is very smart with it, the more the wall through the wall, Benxing flying, and it combines two other emergent ability: from tens of meters or even hundreds of meters of altitude, with the roof fell on the ground, turn turn, breathing space as they like nothing on the Gansha Gansha absolutely no pieces of fear for their lives; although it is not aquatic animals, and no superior swimming skills, but narrow groove is shallow pond can not stop it, in order to survive, it can breath underwater drilling several meters, himself intact. Killed or drowned rats so that there can be really wasted. People often "than mice also fine" to describe a person's smart clever, clever rat has become a standard analogy, we can see it's a very clever has been on the grade, described the car as people will say excellent quality "than the Mercedes-Benz Fortunately, "but would not say" better than the Volga, "the same. Similarly, to describe the quick action of a person, when the strain along, we often say that he was "as fickle as the mouse." Folk also believe that the rats of the psychic and can predict good and bad evil. In fact, mice born naturally, longer than nature, for nature will eventualities such as earthquakes, floods, drought, locusts and other support to make certain the line is a normal reaction, it is on Earth has a special instinct, but some limited human self-knowledge, yet to reveal its mystery and laws Bale. The eve of the Tangshan earthquake, people Jingjing remote group of rats is found to the outer suburbs Bencuan, or curled up in the street gang thirty-five, streets and other relatively open areas, is not that what this evidence implies. Similar things, in ancient times must be repeated many times, so the mice in the human mind into a psychic fetish. We Dream Dictionary in the interpretation of the mouse can be seen.
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Rat vulgar
Some mouse-related folk quite interesting, as in the ancient southern Zhejiang popular "hit the mouse eye," the customs, that is the Lantern Festival, people cooked black beans, black beans and then sprinkle in the room, people stood under the beam spread beans, hand throw black beans to the beam, the mouth talking: "West beam, the East under the beam, forcing the rats light Duo Duo (off kind of meaning)." vulgar letters can be in addition to rodents. Another example is Guizhou Maonan to lunar calendar on the 1st of "free mouse section." These folk rats reflects the people's hatred.
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Mice show
In our theater stage, the actors also play a wide variety of performance mice, humorously, for example, play the Song of the story "Five mice downtown Tokyo" to the people left a deep impression. There are folk artists performing mouse game, it is amazing. Such as the Eastern Jin Dynasty, folk have a "rat millstone", "mouse swing" the mouse drama performances. To the Qing Dynasty, rats show more popular. At that time artists toting wooden box, street, box with mouse tray, wooden box on the bar a Caiqi small stage, singing FOLK population arts, hand drums knock, command performances, and "San Niang drain water "," Liu into the melon, "and other programs, people convulsed with laughter, linger.
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Rat proverb
Language and folklore of many mouse-related proverbs, such as "multi-ming of the cat, rat will be less," "great owl, rat tail," "bad pot of soup a mouse" "mice kept in Overnight grain, "" Mouse look warehouses, see nothing left, "" cat bite cat, rat laughter "," little mouse to catch the light, the rat panic "and so on. Although the plain language of these proverbs, but the deeper meaning, to read quite a charm.
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Mouse Poems
In the vast sea of poetry, some poems Wing mice, such as the Tang Dynasty, Du Fu's "owl bird yellow mulberry, voles arch random points," Tang Liu's "rat foot grass infestation in Beaver, shock and injury care overnight ten "Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynasty," when suddenly a bird a hunger noise together, glanced under the cloud of war rotten rat, "Song Lu's" Jia Yong was able to empty Shuxue, far more than policy Hsun Lu Hu intestine ", Ming Gong brag of" lights first Entering more information, a hungry rat hole Jojo Ming. Fanpen re-meshing the book down urn, not a surprise that I frequently dream. raccoon slave Seoul boast the title only cicadas, but know that satiation sleep all night. crazy child count humble really funny, cloth was hooded meow "Cautious Qing check the" black frost shock pressure cry on, the night lights that arrogance hungry rat Kan "and so on.
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Rat twisters
In our numerous twisters, some with the mouse, such as the "rat sky - a small insight," "rat fall into the meter tank - a blessing in disguise", "over his head to catch mice - Baotoushucuan", "rat bite like nose - ignore the general "," rat drill book drop - quibble, "" rat hole - Scoop "," cat mouse funny - nothing good, "and so on. These twisters witty humor, memorable.
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Mouse mystery
In the United Court, some riddle contains "mouse" word; such as the riddle of "Lou Gua Ah-mouse asked," playing a phrase (answer: a guilty conscience); the riddle as "flying like a bird, like a cat to sit down at night to rat, the number of its martial arts high ", playing a bird name (answer: owl). However, some mystery and the "rat" character, such as the riddle of "missing children", playing an opera excerpts (answer: visit rats).
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Mouse painting
Ancient artists liked to paint little mouse, but the painting master Qi pen mouse is Vivid, Vivid. His painting "mice with the oil light" composition simple, concise, vivid, painted oil lamp on the left, oil on the flame core seems to be the breeze, painted the lower right side is a mouse-shaped concise enough, to make the mouse draw smart clever features.
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Zodiac of the origins of the first mouse
Legend of the Jade Emperor had to wait one day zodiac, _set_ the ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, rooster, dog, pig, cat. Jade Emperor the next day to let them ranking. Then Tom and Jerry are good friends, the cat on the mouse, said: "Tomorrow you woke me early, I was one of the Zodiac, and tomorrow I have to God ranking." Keen on the idea of rats. The next day, the rats woke up early, he did not woke the cat, but God has his. At that time happened to be ranked second time, the Jade Emperor by ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, rooster, dog, pig, cat in the order ranked the Zodiac. Jade Emperor asked the animals have no opinion, only mice raised an objection: "I think we should choose a cat, he is not respecting you. You see, he is still sleeping, not to you with this exclusive Zodiac things looked down. "Jade Emperor saw the cat is really in bed! He was furious, angrily, and then he decided to never allow a cat heaven. At the same time, he let the cat the mouse replace the position. Mice and spoke: "I must first came in!" Why? "Do your contribution bigger than cattle do!" "People think I am better than most of the cattle." Jade Emperor was no alternative but to allow people to judge . Earth to the cloud cow said: "Oh! Very big Niua!" Then, they saw standing on the mouse Tau, said: "A big rat! Even bigger than the cow!" Jade Emperor had to let ranked first in mice.
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The relationship between mouse and human
Study found that 99% of mice and humans the same bone structure Rats than in monkeys also like people According to reports, researchers at the University of Jerusalem has released the first "rat bone CT scan", the figure clearly shows the detailed structure of rat skeletal features, including the tiny bones, the degree of precision to the millimeter. If the mouse scaling and unfold, then in addition to the face, feet and tail, the mice with human bone structure compared to almost no difference. In addition, pathology, rat and human bone cells also have a lot in common. British and American scientists study concluded that the chain length of the mouse genetic code is almost the same with humans, rats of 2.5 billion pairs of nucleotides, slightly less than the 2.9 billion pairs of nucleotides of human. 80% of human genes are identical with the mouse, 99% of human genes and mouse are very similar. All of these indicators, is in the shape of monkeys and humans are not much closer to achieve.
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Researchers through the mouse
It is for these reasons, scientists generally use the mouse in the treatment of human disease research. They believe that through the study of gene function in mice, than through the body easier. According to reports, scientists do experiments, when the human genes into mice, the results have bred a mouse, the brain volume to be much larger than mice, so that the brain is almost no place for the brain skull cavity, and thus forming a human brain back to the same fold-like groove, close to the human brain. Genetics, Pennsylvania United States is conducting a new expert study, trying to make mice produce human sperm.
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The image of anthropomorphic mice
A few years ago, a church in Austria, found that people in the mural resembles a rat animal images, its image with the "Mickey Mouse" striking resemblance. It is said that the mural over 700 years of history. This shows that early humans not only put a human rat and mouse also deified. Disneyland in the United States the "Mickey Mouse" image is not from this land? Become a moment of doubt. An artist is also somewhat jokingly ridicule that the murals in the church in Austria, who is the American icon next to the cartoon that depicts the protagonist in the "Mickey Mouse."
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Year of the Rat blessing message
1, Spring Festival, celebrate the festive season, Kung Hei Fat Choi! Happy New Year, Maestro, all the best! Choi Wan Road Fuwang Wang Wang, Ying Wang Kai Tai in three mouse! 2, I wish you Shanshu cotton rats eat, foreign travel around the country, Yang Qian barrels ... In short, no simple mouse Fu, Shu Shu easily!!! 3, I wish and hope, quietly on the snow will melt, let them follow the growth of seedlings of spring, to give you years of fruitful and full of fragrance! Happy New Year! 4, I wish you a healthy new year! Smooth! Promoted, fortune, Shu Shu proud! - 5, Year of the Rat wish you: work comfortable, salary Hexin, bed warm heart, intimate friends, lovers mind, everything goes wrong, always happy, everything the Heart! 6, the Year of the Rat I wish: a long cement road grass, pot one o'clock at the end of the fall, leather stores are closed, the world's people are of mice. 7, I wish you a joyous Year of the Rat, sounded bright and sunny, love, proud, triumphant career, bad luck and sped away, everything is the high road! 8, day by years of an increasing life, full of heaven and earth begins at the spring. Three mouse Kaitai send good luck, Mao Five Blessings financial resources. To wish a happy New Year, happy and healthy! ! 9, SMS New Year, but each is safe to live and work, industry and state Hing, prosperity, good luck to strive for ease, panacea, I wish you happiness! 10, in this beautiful winter warm mouse, I looked proud of you Shu Shu, Wei looks like a rat Yaowu, I really want to say to you: do not install, my mouse lamb, I know you are love me. 11, I wish: New Year! Three mouse Kaitai! All wishes come true! Rise higher and higher! 12, New Year's celebration, everyone's happy. Qi Xiqing too fat years. I wish you good Rat again and again, smiling. - 13, I wish you the Rat: famous, good luck, hit it big, to show their talents, artillery and red, large-ming amazing, in Malaysia at the head! 14, dark horse pull-out mice, rats had both good luck. Good luck to pay canopy, walking in Hong Chong. Money into the river to the sea, promoted to pretenders. Overjoyed to be sober, Xiangyang not Luoyang. 15, to the Year of the Rat, Year of the Rat to a good performance, do not pride, failed in the past, do not die, QI efforts, open guns, good luck, the sky out, the same share, we laugh! 16, horse tail function, is the Rat Kaitai surprise. The blessing of old friends, is the issue of sustainable non-truth. Blessing to be millions of people have said, I had the honor province. 17, Year of the Rat Chinese New Year that message to say hello; wish you Baitian Shun, sleep well at night; the sky out of gold, the name of your feet; to ask who I am, look at cell phone number. 18, I wish the Rat Kaitai! Festive Shushu! Mouse foot Endeavor! Proud Shushu! 19, Year of the Rat wish Italy wins everything, plenty of money, Kung Hei Fat Choy! 20, Happy New Year, three mice Kaitai, triumphantly, a good thing again and again, smooth, perfect, rich, rich, fat windfall.