Chenhou get all battle-Chu, Lu Wan Cheng Qin line to take. Tian Shengli Gu open between the two countries, the public land to pay the second minister of micro speech. The road and then suddenly out of the day, the bag of gold if God. Why the first two Master Yang is not lost Jiuding west.
Days of the gold color. - "Guangdong Military Affairs in mind"
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Gold
Golden yellow
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No. 7
Gold contact Tau. - "Folk Song and Ballad Mo Shang Sang"
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No. 8
See "Gold"
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No. 9
That of copper. "The book Shun Code", "Golden for redeeming" hole Biography: "gold, gold." Shu Standard Interpretation: "This mass of gold," Lu punishment "yellow iron, copper all are today also."
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No. 10
Metal name. Red yellow, soft, ductile. For the precious metal, used to make more money, decorations. "Easy Shì": "June 5: macrophage dried meat, get gold." Gao Heng Note: The "bite dried meat of gold, buy gold particles was covered in dried meat into to murder eaters, eater with teeth Chewing of, and found that gold particles are. "" Historical Records stabilization book ":" is there a third-class, gold is on the platinum, the gold the next. "Pei Yin: Ji Jie cited" Han sound and meaning ":" Platinum, Silver also. pure gold, copper also Danyang. "tandoori just" look Ngau Tau Temple "Poetry:" Photobucket No day, to a gold cloth. "Qiu Zhao Ao Note quoted Zhu Heling said:" "Amitabha by the": Paradise has Qibao land pond, pool Jin Shabu in the end to. "" Hero Biography "Di Jiuhui:" If local use, there are ready-made font tickets for the county; distant road, a ready-made gold, it not easy with these? "
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No. 11
Generally refers to money. Tang and Gao, "Handan youth line": "Do not you see people today pay state thin, sparse yet exhausted claim gold." "Second moment of surprises," Volume 20: "Make the world to be gold, gold does not pay much depth."
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No. 12
Taoism Xianyao name. Jin Ge Hong "Bao Pu Xian Yao": "Xianyao above are cinnabar, time is gold, times were silver, time is all Chicago."
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No. 13
Metaphor of the golden stuff. Tang Luo Yin "Wong Pei" Poetry: "Chueiyang fine, Green Lane belt, carp jump on warm gold." Former Shu Yin E "Jin Futu" word: "Pressure Red Yin, Fung Mo gold wings." Sushi Song " Li Zhen Buddhist monk looking on the 9th Pan-boat to the ground then Teachers College, "one poem:" testing revealed grind bud cooking snow, frost core chewing picked off the gold. "
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No. 14
Stone name. "Huainanzi crashed shape training": "yellow Egypt five hundred years old, Wong Hong, Huang Hong Five hundred students of gold, gold Chitose Health Huanglong." GAO Note: The "stone name also."
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No. 15
Metaphor of fame career. Qing zhen "dream for four cut-off period" of two: "Jin-Hua Huang Xiao made the two floating, 69 innocence not disappear."
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No. 16
Valuable analogy. Guo Chengqing "Broadsword" Chapter XV: "fall, another fall - Zhuang Huren season came at home the gold." Also Yu Zungui body. Qing Li Yu, "Wrong Kite surprised the United States": "Gold is also the first loss to accompany my knee flexor, please take off their clothes, Mo shy."
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No. 17
① gold ④ the GHS. ② valuable metaphor: ~ ~ Lot Your Time Your ~ time television.
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黄金的理化特性
Covalent radius: 1.34A
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Gold species
Gold is a free state and not synthetic natural products in nature. After refining their different levels and different sources of raw gold and cooked into gold. Golden also known as natural gold, gold shortage, the original gold, gold is cooked semi-river from the mine or mining of alluvial gold without melting refining. Two alluvial gold ore into gold into gold. 2.1 Gold Mine Also known as crude gold, produced in mines, gold mines, mostly with underground hot springs gush precipitated by sewing thin plot into a rock, often with quartz caught in the gap in the rocks. Mine gold and other metals are mostly associated, among the gold but also other metals silver, platinum, zinc, etc., are not made before the other metals known as compound gold. Mine gold produced in different mines and other metal components contained different, therefore, Condition varies, generally between 50% -90%. 2.2 placer Gold placer is the ancient and modern history major gold deposits in the world of production, but after thousands of years of mining, ore-rich and more have been exhausted, and now based mainly in the mining of gold, placer gold was produced in the bottom of the riverbed Bay song or low-lying areas, mixed with sand and stone, after washing out the gold. Shakin originated in mining, gold ore out of the ground due, after a long wind and rain, rock weathering and cracking, payment will be accompanied by sediment from the veins while sailing under natural precipitation in the sand stone, sand and gravel in the river bottom or below gold layer is deposited, thereby forming alluvial gold. Shakin features are: particle sizes, big as beans, small sand-like shapes. Color due to the level of different fineness, over ninety percent of red yellow, eight became yellow, seven became greenish yellow.
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Global gold mineral resource distribution profiles
Gold resources in the world currently identified 8.9 million tons, the reserve base of 7.7 million tons of reserves of 4.8 million tons. There are more than 80 countries produce gold in the world. South Africa accounted for 50% of the world's identified gold resources and reserves base, accounting for 38% of world reserves; U.S. share of world resources identified 12%, accounting for 8% of the world's reserve base and 12% of world reserves. Apart from South Africa and the United States, the major gold resources in the country is Russia, Uzbekistan, Australia, Canada, Brazil and so on. In more than 80 gold-producing countries in the world, America's share of world production of 33% (of which 12% in Latin America, Canada and 7%, U.S. 14%); Africa accounted for 28% (of which 22% of South Africa); Asia-Pacific 29% (of which Australia 13%, China 7%). An annual output of 100 tons or more countries, in addition to the previously mentioned five countries, as well as Indonesia and Russia. An annual output of 50 tons -100 tons countries Peru, Uzbekistan, Ghana, Brazil and Papua New Guinea. Besides Mexico, the Philippines, Zimbabwe, Mali, Kyrgyzstan, South Korea, Argentina, Bolivia, Guyana, Guinea, Kazakhstan is an important gold producer.
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Gold texture
Gold is golden and cooked through smelting, gold purified, generally of high purity, density, smaller, and some can be directly used in industrial production. Common are gold bars, gold bullion, gold bullion and various ornaments, utensils, gold and industrial use, gold pieces, gold plate. Because of different purposes, different fineness required, or because there is no purification equipment, but only melted unpurified, or mention pure enough to form uneven fineness of gold. According to the level of purity of gold into the familiar gold, pure gold, gold three kinds of color on people's habits. After purification reached a very high purity of gold is called gold, gold generally refers to the purity of more than 99.6% pure gold. The meaning of pure gold and pure gold close to, but different from pure gold standard time and place is different, the international market to sell gold, fineness of 99.6% pure gold is called. The territory of pure gold is generally between 99.2% -99.6%. Gold, also known as "golden times", "tide gold" refers to a lower fineness of gold. These gold due to the different levels of other metals, high purity of 99%, only 30% lower. Different divisions with other metals, gold can be divided into Kiyoiro cooked gold, mixing gold, k gold. Kiyoiro gold refers to gold mixed with silver components, regardless of the level of purity of gold collectively Kiyoiro. Kiyoiro gold more common in gold bars, gold bullion, gold bullion and gold jewelry and various utensils. Mixing gold is gold with silver in addition, it also contains other metals copper, zinc, lead and iron. Depending on the type and quantity of contained metal, can be divided into Xiaohun gold, large mixed gold, bronze large mixing gold, leaded large mixed gold. k gold is silver, copper by a certain percentage, in accordance with 24k gold for the formula for the preparation of gold. In general, the more k gold silver ratio of more blue color; big proportion of copper, the color is purple. In the early days of the liberation k gold per k4.15% of the standard, since 1982, has been unified with the international standards, as per standard k is 4.1666%. Golden cooked by adding other elements leaving the gold appears on the color change, it usually is added to the metallic silver and other metals have not cooked gold called "Kiyoiro gold", and to be incorporated into the silver and other metals Gold called "mixing gold."
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The fineness of gold
The purity of gold and gold products called "a" or "purity." 200 years BC, the Greek mathematician Archimedes (Archimdes) worked determine whether a crown made of pure gold and worry. His bath in the tub when discovered was later known as "the proportion of Archimedes' law: an object immersed in a liquid subjected to upward buoyancy; buoyancy equal to the size of the weight of the liquid it displaces. Thus successfully confirmed the king's crown is custom made of pure gold. So, exactly how to express the purity of gold is it? 5.1 with a "k gold" means gold purity In theory, we put 100% of the gold content is called 24K; therefore calculated as 100/24 (national standards in parentheses): National Standard GB11887-89 provides that every k (English carat, German karat abbreviation, often writing "k") gold is 4.166666%, 9k = 100/24 * 9 = 37.5% (375 ‰) 14k = 100/24 * 14 = 58.333% (585 ‰) to facilitate the identification, it _set_ at 58.5% 18k = 100/24 * 18 = 75% (750 ‰) 22k = 100/24 * 22 = 91.666666% (916 ‰) to facilitate the identification, it _set_ at 91.6% In theory, 100% of the gold can be called 24K gold, but in reality there can be 100% of the gold, so China stipulates: content of 99.6% (including 99.6%) of the gold can be called 24K gold These types of K gold jewelry content of common specifications, the state is less than 9K gold jewelry can not be called gold jewelry. 5.2 words to express the purity of gold There are some gold jewelry on playing word mark, which is defined as: gold - gold content of not less than 990 ‰, thousands of gold - gold content greater than 999 ‰. Our mark for gold products and signage provisions that generally require a manufacturer code, material name, content imprinting, no imprint of substandard products. The international community as well. But for some particularly fine products are also not allowed to play tag.
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黄金的价值与地位
- The birth of the euro monetary system in the late 1990s, clear gold accounted for 15% of the currency reserves of the system. This is the return of the gold currency.
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黄金与其它投资品种的比较
High maintenance costs (maintenance costs) solid gold, paper gold, such as low maintenance costs of the standard contract
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Gold reserves
Because gold mining is not easy, high production costs, the physical characteristics of the good characteristics, so in the long-term social and historical development of the gold not only by humans for decoration, but also gives the monetary value of the function. Until the 1970s, gold was separated from the direct effect of currency out that non-monetary gold. But as precious metals, gold is still currently the world's major international reserves. It announced in March 2008 gold Reserve situation, the former world gold reserves currently listed 10 countries and international organizations: the United States (8133.5 tons), Germany (3,417.4 t), IMF (3217.3 tons), France (2,586.9 t ), Italy (2,451.8 tons), Switzerland (1133.9 tons), China (1054.0 tons), Japan (756.2 tons), the Netherlands (621.4 tons), the European Central Bank (563.6 tons). Reserves of many countries have had a war of aggression is. Before the Opium War China's gold reserves are the world's first, but the war to make gold Diaspora.
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Currency role
9.1 1960 years ago Gold as a medium of exchange has 3000 years of history. After a long period, gradually established the gold standard as the basis of the monetary system of the United Kingdom in 1717, to the late nineteenth century, European countries have widely implemented the gold standard. United States to implement the gold standard in 1900. On the international front, gold free import and export to the international balance of payments _set_tlement; country national balance of payments surplus of inflows seen by the balance of payments deficit gold. After the outbreak of World War I, the British officially stopped using the gold standard in 1919, but reinstated in 1926, BRIC-based system; Under this system, the bill only internationally accepted exchange 400 ounces of gold bullion. And into the early 1930s, the world economy is in turbulent times forced to abandon the system in most countries Dun gold convertible currencies?] UK in 1931, the United States in 1933), only allowed in gold trading activities between the central bank and government . In this case, they formed a dollar exchange regime, the dollar can be exchanged for gold at the Federal Reserve. International signed the Bretton Woods Agreement in 1944, confirmed the system, and has been implemented until 1971. In 1934, the U.S. Federal Reserve President Ross will be traded Fook official price of gold rose to $ 35 an ounce, the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank has been committed to maintaining this conversion price until 1968. During 1960, 9.2 Because the free market for gold jewelry and investment purposes as manufacturing increasing demand, the United States established gold pool associated with the United Kingdom, Belgium, France, Italy, the Netherlands, West Germany and Switzerland, hoping to remain close to the market price of gold per ounce official price 35 dollar level. This new organization is actually extended outside the stabilization fund, so that the Ministry of Finance to increase gold supply when necessary to suppress the free market price of gold.
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Factors affecting the gold price changes
Before the 1970s, the basic price of gold is determined by governments or central banks, international gold prices relatively stable. The early 1970s, is no longer directly linked to the price of gold and the U.S. dollar, gold prices have market factors affecting the gold price changes increasing, specifically, can be divided into the following areas: 10.1 supply factors (1) Gold stocks on the planet: the world there are currently about 137,400 tons of gold, but gold stocks are still on the ground about 2% annual growth rate. (2) years and the demand: greater demand for gold in about 4200 tonnes per year of new gold output accounted for 62% of the annual supply. (3) the cost of a new gold mining: gold mining slightly below average total cost of about $ 260 / ounce. Since the development of mining technology, gold development costs continued to decline in the past 20 years. (4) changes in the political situation, military and economic gold producing countries: in any political, military unrest in these countries will no doubt directly affect the amount of gold produced in the country, thereby affecting the world's gold supply. (5) the central bank's gold sell-off: Central Bank is the world's largest holder of gold in 1969, the official gold reserves of 36,458 tons, accounting for all the surface gold stocks was 42.6%, while the 1998 official gold reserves of about 34,000 tons , representing the entire stock of gold has been mined 24.1%. At the current production capacity is calculated, which is equivalent to the world's gold mine for 13 years. Since the primary purpose of the gold reserve as_set_s gradually transformed by the important raw material for the production of metal jewelry, or to improve their balance of payments, or to suppress the international price of gold, so 30 years, the central bank gold reserves both in absolute and relative terms the number of has a significant decline in the number of major decline in inventory reserves against selling gold on the gold market. For example, the Bank of England's massive sell-off, the Swiss National Bank and the IMF gold reserves to become ready to reduce the main reason for the recent decline in the international gold market price of gold. 10.2 Demand Factors (1) Gold actual demand (jewelry, industrial, etc.) changes. In general, the growth rate of the world economy determines the total demand for gold, for example in the field of microelectronics, more and more use of gold as a protective layer; architectural decoration in medicine and other fields, despite advances in technology continue to make gold alternatives appears, but its special gold metallic nature still increasing demand for it. And in some areas due to local factors have a significant impact on the demand for gold. As has always been a large demand for gold jewelry in India and Southeast Asian countries due to the impact of the financial crisis, greatly reduced since 1997 gold imports, according to the World Gold Council data show, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and South Korea's gold demand fell by 71 %, 28%, 10% and 9%. According to statistics, China now capita gold consumption is only 0.2 grams, compared with the world's largest gold consumer, there is a big gap. Now India's per capita consumption of 0.85 grams of gold, equivalent to China's per capita gold consumption is more than four times. China's economic development and per capita income, China is much higher than India. Therefore, China has a very large potential for gold consumption, the prospects are very impressive. (2) preservation needs. Central bank gold reserves has always been used as a guard against domestic inflation, an important means of regulating the market. For ordinary investors, investing in gold is mainly in the case of inflation, achieve the purpose of preservation. The trend in the economic downturn, because gold is more than monetary as_set_s insurance, resulting in increased demand for gold, gold prices rise. For example: In times of crisis after World War II in the U.S., the U.S. balance of payments deficit becoming a serious problem, a significant increase in dollar holdings countries, market confidence in the U.S. dollar is shaken, a large number of investors buying gold, a direct result of the Bretton Woods system of bankruptcy . 1987 because of the dollar, the U.S. deficit increased instability in the Middle East situation, also have prompted a significant increase in the international price of gold. (3) speculative demand. Speculators in accordance with international and domestic situation, the use of price fluctuations on the gold market, coupled with the gold futures market trading system, a large number of "short selling" or "cover" gold, gold demand artificially create the illusion. In the gold market, fell by almost every large hedge funds are borrowed short-term sell-off of gold in the spot gold market in COMEX gold futures and build a large number of short positions related. In July 1999 the price of gold fell to a 20-year low, when data from the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) released in COMEX speculative short nearly 9 million ounces (300 tonnes). When triggered a lot of stop-loss selling, the gold price tumble, the fund company took the opportunity to cover a profit when the price of gold rebounded slightly, forward selling by producers hedging suppression of gold prices to rise further, while giving the fund company new opportunities to re-establish short-selling positions, the price of gold was formed less than a wave of a wave pattern of decline. High R & D center of high gold and silver Purcell said: "Now the trend is not entirely gold market price is determined by market supply and demand to a simple, nor by central banks in the meantime a simple game, speculative factors which influence the price also has a large proportion. " 10.3 Other factors (L) the dollar impact. U.S. dollar exchange rate is also one of the important factors affecting the gold price fluctuations. Generally in the gold market has gained the gold dropped U.S. dollar price of gold down the Young's rule. Strong dollar is generally representative of the U.S. domestic economic situation is good, the U.S. domestic equity and bond investors will be sought after race, gold as a store of value function has been weakened; while the dollar decline is often associated with inflation, the stock market downturn and so on, the gold hedge function again reflected. This is because the dollar is often related to inflation and higher gold content value in dollar devaluation and inflation tends to stimulate demand when gold hedging and speculative rise. August 1971 and February 1973, the U.S. government announced twice the dollar, fell sharply in factors such as the dollar and inflation, early in 1980 the price of gold rose to record levels above $ 800 / ounce. Over the past 20 years, the U.S. dollar against other Western strong currency, the gold prices on the international market, if the dollar depreciated slightly, the gold price will gradually rise. (2) national monetary policy is closely related to the international price of gold. When a country's loose monetary policy, due to the decline in interest rates, an increase in the money supply in the country, increasing the possibility of inflation will cause rise in gold prices. If the 1960s the U.S. low interest rate policy to promote domestic capital outflows, large dollar inflows in Europe and Japan, the countries of the U.S. dollar increased net positions, there's concern about the U.S. dollar, began to sell dollars on the international market, buying gold, and eventually led to the collapse of the Bretton Woods system. But in 1979, the impact of interest rate factors on the price of gold is increasingly weakened. For example, in 2005 the Federal Reserve cut interest rates eleven times, and did not have a very big impact on the gold market. Only in the "9.11" incident in the gold market by profit. (3) the effects of inflation on the price of gold. In this regard, to do long-term and short-term analysis, and in conjunction with the degree of inflation in the short term may be. In the long run, if the annual inflation rate of change in the normal range, then the effects of fluctuations in the price of gold is not great; only in the short term, a significant increase in prices, causing people to panic, the unit purchasing power of money decreases, the price of gold will significantly rise. While the 1990s, the world has entered the era of low inflation, a stable currency symbol as gold comes in. shrinking. And as a long-term investment tool, gold is increasingly lower than the yield bonds and stocks and other securities. However, long term, gold is still regarded as an important means to tackle inflation. (4) international trade, finance, debt deficit impact on the price of gold. Debt, this worldwide problem has been not only a unique phenomenon in developing countries. In the debt chain, if the debtor fails to repay the phenomenon itself occurs will lead to economic stagnation, and further deterioration of economic stagnation and a vicious cycle of debt, and even the relationship between creditor and debtor are also due to rupture in danger of financial collapse. At this time, countries will not harm their economies to maintain large reserves of gold and cause the market price of gold rose. (5) international political instability, war, terrorist attacks and so on. Major political, military events will affect the international price of gold. Government for the war or to maintain stable domestic economy and pay, many investors turn to gold hedge investment, which will increase demand for gold, stimulating gold price. As the Second World War, the US-Vietnam War, 1976 coup in Thailand, 1986 "Iran" incident, etc., so there are different degrees of increase in the price of gold. For example, in September 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States 11, World Trade Center event was so close to the price of gold soared to the highest year of $ 300 / oz. (6) the impact on the stock market price of gold. General stock market decline, the price of gold rises. This mainly reflects investor expectations about the prospects for economic development, if it was generally optimistic about the economic outlook, the large amount of capital into the stock market, stock market investing warm, gold prices declined. And vice versa. In addition to the above factors affect the price of gold, policies and regulations interfere with the activities of international financial organizations, national and regional financial institutions, central, changes in world gold prices will also have a significant impact. (7) oil price of gold as a hedge product itself under inflation, and inflation inseparable. Oil prices means accomplices will follow, gold will go up.
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World's top five gold dealers
Rothschild, Jinbao Li, Mu Jiada, Wan Scientology, MELS Pacific. Exchange members by HSBC Bank, Scotiabank, Rothschild Bank, Deutsche Bank and Republic Bank, five gold dealers, and some acknowledged that they are eligible to buy gold companies formed
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补充资料
1) used as international reserves. This is determined by gold currency commodity attribute. Due to the excellent characteristics of gold, the history of gold as money functions, such as the measure of value and means of circulation, storage means, means of payment and world currency. Since the 1970s after the decoupling of gold and the U.S. dollar, gold monetary functions have also been weakened, but still maintain a certain monetary functions. In many countries, including international reserves of the major Western countries, gold still occupies a very important position.
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Golden culture and health
This is the thinking of the Western Han Dynasty fairy alchemy begins prevalent expectations immortality, heaven is the emergence of this period to the emperors, down to the common people are extremely hungry thing. In 133 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han alchemists Joanna Lee said he can cinnabar in refining gold, but with so Tempered cups and plates made of gold, injection water slurry, who can never drink old fool, also proposed theory using gold and silver can prolong life, making the production and use of gold is widely prevalent. Since gold and longevity forged a bond. On the gold of the Han Dynasty, the immortal gods are everywhere, strange birds and animals, as well as a direct expression of the desire of the inscriptions, such as "Long live", "life as stone XiWangMu (commonly known as the Queen Mother, the legendary gods)." This desire immortality of thought, has been extended to Wei (220-265 years) Jin (265 - 420). Many of the unearthed gold have been confirmed, as 西安沙 Pocun alchemy gold stove, the city of Zhongshan, Hebei Jing Liu Sheng gold engrave jade clothes and lilies, as well as some of the kit, then reflects on the pleasures of life and all over the princely life nostalgia. Witch jade pieces unearthed clothes, but still express their fantasy that one day even the dead back to life the intense desire. Tang Dynasty prevailed take saver, which asked the Qin and Han Immortality drug strain, to the Tang Dynasty of the atmosphere more intense, alchemy with appliances, general household ceramics alchemy, monarchs and nobles were mostly gold with luxury appliances, such as the West Village unearthed An Hean The discovery of gold in gold on drugs pan, cook for the refining immortality warm appliances.
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How to invest in gold jewelery
History of gold jewelry has a long history, brilliant. After the 1980s, with the improvement of social and economic development and people's living standards, and the continuous improvement of people's cultural quality, gold jewelry more widely into the daily lives of ordinary people. 1 mark: the product in accordance with national standards, the jewelry products in the proper fineness mark "gold 990" or "999 thousand gold", factory mark. 2 color: gold or millipede 金呈光 bright golden yellow, and copper luster assassination eye. 3 Weight: more than twice the density of gold than copper, the same volume of gold and copper, gold fall significantly hand feel. 4 Hardness: thousands of gold in gold or paddling with the nails, there are tiny traces of copper in the draw not on. How to buy platinum jewelry series 1 mark: the product in accordance with national standards, due in platinum jewelry platinum chemical symbol Pt and platinum content, factory mark. 2 color: platinum jewelry grayish color shades of silvery white, shiny and bright, never change, while silver mostly white microstrip yellow, K white gold platinum 金明亮 no white in blue with yellow. 3 Weight: twice the density of platinum than silver, platinum and silver, the same volume of platinum obvious sense of falling. 4 Hardness: As platinum harder than copper, copper wire draw does not move, but with a copper and silver have a draw needle marks. How to buy K gold jewelry series 1. K K yellow gold into gold, K red gold, white K gold, K gold color, popular in the Chinese market three kinds of K gold. 2. K gold according to their content into 22K, 18K, 14K, etc., and have a factory mark, must carefully recognizable. How to buy jewelry inlaid 1 gemstone jewelry inlaid check on whether loose. 2 preferably with certificate of authenticity local testing organizations. (3) With the associated detection tool to observe, for example: a magnifying glass, diamond pen. 4 Through try, compare, there will be more to buy experience. Currently domestic gold investment is divided into physical gold trading and paper gold trading categories. The so-called physical gold trading is the trading of physical gold can be extracted, rather paper gold transactions are only reflected by the carrying amount of trading conditions, physical gold can not be extracted. Strengths of two transactions: If for personal collection or gift for friends and purposes, investors can choose physical gold trading, but if you expect trading profits through investment in gold, then paper gold is undoubtedly the best choice. Compared with physical gold trading, gold trading does not exist on paper storage fees, appraisal fees, transportation costs and additional transaction costs, lower investment costs, but also will not encounter the presence of physical gold trading is usually "buy Easy difficulty in selling" of dilemma. In order to meet the majority of investors for gold investment demand, the Bank of China Shanghai Branch from November 18, 2003, the country launched the first individual gold trading business firm, referred to as "po." Wong product to market, not only for the majority of gold investment products to provide investors with an excellent profitability, but also to make up for the gaps in the relevant investment field, becoming the nation's first paper gold trading products. Wong trading from a low of 10 g paper gold, investors will be able to just one thousand pieces RMB investment, while Wong offer direct translation from the international gold market price closer to market changes. 2005, to achieve a 24-hour trading Wong, 2006 in the upcoming U.S. gold ...... "po" currency gold trading rules: The currency trading varieties of gold, the yuan. Trading metering yuan / gram (1 ounce = 31.1035 grams). The start of each trading transaction reporting starting in the amount of 10 grams, 10 grams and trading reporting greater than 10 g of whole gram quantities. Day trading trading hours, Monday to Saturday 8:00 3:00 Daily 3:00 to 4:00 accounting treatment, in case of international, national holidays closed, will notify the customer. Trading desk, telephone banking, online banking, self-service terminals. "Po" central parity formula: Gold prices in the international market central parity = × day dollar-yuan central parity spot foreign exchange / 31.1035 (ounce and gram conversion between units, 1 ounce = 31.1035 grams). Prepared to invest in gold: Investment "po", without interest, can not get the stock, fund dividends and other investment income, and therefore can only buy low, sell high throw to earn a profit spreads. Gold prices are affected by many factors, and is therefore the same as any other kind of investment products, investment, "Wong" will also face some risks, investors must maintain a good investment mentality. Factors that affect the price of gold: dollar strength, geopolitical, global inflationary pressures, changes in gold supply and demand, changes in the central bank's gold reserves, the international crude oil price changes, gold producer hedging, the global economy and the stock market, bond market performance, COMEX trading volume and open interest of reference.
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Introduced the world's major gold market
15.1 London Gold Market London gold market, gold market schematic long history, its history can be traced back 300 years. 1804, London replaced Amsterdam, the Netherlands became the center of world gold trading, the London gold market in 1919, formally established conduct morning and afternoon gold price twice a day. Goldsmith _set_ by the five day market price of gold, the price has affected trading in New York and Hong Kong. The main market is South African gold supplier. Before 1982, the London gold market mainly engaged in gold spot trading, in April 1982, the London gold futures market opened. Currently, London is still the world's largest gold market. One of the characteristics of the London gold market is trading system rather special, because London is no actual market place, the transaction is through an invisible way - the major gold dealers to complete sales network of contacts. Trading Member by the five most authoritative gold dealers and some of the public considered eligible to purchase the five largest suppliers of gold or gold shops composed, and then processed by the various manufacturers such as, small shops and companies linked components. By the gold dealers based on their buying and selling at the bid and offer transaction. Another feature of the London gold market trading is strong flexibility. Gold purity, weight and so you can choose, if the customer requires sell in distant areas. Gold dealers will quote shipping and insurance premiums, but also according to customer requirements quoted futures prices. Gold traded in London is the most prevalent way customers without cash _set_tlement, you can buy gold spot, according to the agreed maturity just to pay interest, but this time the customer can not get physical gold. This gold trading way, just be a numbers game in the accounting account until the customer has been open until the reverse operation. London gold market specific trading system also has several shortcomings. First: Since each gold prices are Nett Daily, sometimes chaotic market price of gold, gold dealers do not even know what the price of the gold price is reasonable, but to stop the offer, the London gold trading stops; second is London market clients absolute confidentiality, so the lack of a statistically valid gold trading positions. 15.2 Zurich gold market Zurich gold market, was developed after World War II international gold market. Due to the special Swiss banking system and supporting gold trading service system for gold trading offers both a free and confidential environment, plus Switzerland and South Africa also has preferential agreements, 80% of South Africa won the gold, and the former Soviet Union's gold also gathered in Switzerland is not only making the world's largest new gold transfer station, is the world's largest private gold storage center. Zurich gold market position in the international gold market, second only to London. Zurich gold market has no formal organizational structure consisting of three major Swiss banks: UBS, Credit Suisse and UBS in charge of the liquidation bill, three major banks for customers not only act as trading, gold trading and also the three main business banks themselves. Zurich gold pool (Zurich Gold Pool) based on the three major Swiss banks informal consultations, free from government jurisdiction of the Commonwealth as a dealer and clearing system plays an intermediary role in the hybrid market. Zurich gold market gold price fixing system without at any particular time each trading day, based on the agreed day trading gold supply and demand, the price of Zurich official gold price. Fluctuations in the price of gold all day on the basis of price limits is not restricted. 15.3 U.S. gold market New York and Chicago gold market in the mid-1970s developed, mainly after 1977, the dollar, Americans (mainly corporation based) profit for hedging and investment value, making gold futures quickly developed. Currently the New York Mercantile Exchange (COMEX) and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (IMM) is the world's largest gold futures trading center. Two great impact on the gold exchange spot market price of gold. New York Mercantile Exchange (COMEX), for example, the exchange itself does not participate in trading futures, only a venue and facilities, and to develop a number of regulations to ensure that parties to the transaction under the premise of a fair and reasonable transaction. The Institute for spot and futures carry the weight of gold, purity, shape, upper and lower price volatility, transaction date, transaction time and others have very detailed and complex description. 15.4 Hong Kong gold market Hong Kong gold market over 90 years of history. Its formation is based on the establishment of the Hong Kong Gold & Silver for signs. In 1974, the Hong Kong government scrapped the gold import and export controls, then the development of the gold market in Hong Kong fast. Due to the difference in the gold market in Hong Kong just to fill the gap in New York, Chicago and London market closed before the market opened, can coherent Asia, Europe and the United States, a complete world gold market. Its excellent geographical conditions caused a European gold trader's attention, the five gold dealers, three Swiss banks to _set_ up branches in London and so have here. They _set_tled in London gold trading activities to Hong Kong, and gradually formed an invisible local "London gold market," promote Hong Kong as one of the world's major gold market. At present, Hong Kong gold market composed of three markets: ① Hong Kong bullion markets to Chinese capital providers dominant fixed trading place, gold standard of 99 major trading standard bullion, is open outcry trading, spot transactions; ② London gold market to foreign capital as the main suppliers, there is no fixed market place; ③ gold futures market, is a regular market, gold futures their nature and the United States in New York and Chicago Mercantile Exchange are the same. Regular trading methods, systems are more robust, can compensate for the lack of gold and silver trading market. 15.5 London Gold Exchange Gold Fixing At 11:00 on September 12, 1919, produced its first gold fixing was _set_ at the price of gold per ounce four pounds eight shillings 9 pence. First few days offer is conducted by telephone, and later on decided to hold a formal meeting in the office 洛西尔 bank Swithin street. Today, fixing the price of gold twice a day, at 10:30 am and 3:00 pm. London gold fixing price is unique and different from other gold market, it is for the market to buy or sell gold traders only provide a single quote. It provides a standard price, is widely used in the production, consumers and central banks as the central parity. There are five members in fixing banks when pricing a representative of each of their parties to attend. In the process of fixing these people keep in touch by telephone with its own traders. At the beginning of each fixing, the Chairman (since 1919, has served as the representative of 洛西尔 bank) announced the opening of a representative of the other four, they report to their respective trading floor, and then the Price tell their customers. Banks according to the order they are received, indicating that their representatives announced that they are buying at that price or sell. As long as the prices on both have to sell to buy, they will be required to ask the number of BRIC transactions. If you only buy on the price or only sell, or the number of trading BRIC imbalance, the price will fluctuate, so the above procedure to re-again, until you get the balance so far, so President announced fixing. If the number of traded within 25 announced fixing, if necessary, the pricing process will continue until the buyer and seller are satisfied. Usually only takes 15 minutes or less time, but sometimes more than one hour. Customers can pre-order before leaving pricing. You can also understand the price change in the price of the whole process, and change the order at any time until the fixing date. To ensure that any changes in order to quickly let the chairman know that each representative has a side table flags, when they heard came from his trading hall change request immediately lift it. As long as there has been holding the flag, the President announced that the price will not be fixing it. Now the London Stock Exchange in the five pricing representatives are: Deutsche Bank AG, Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation - dense Portland bank, Luo Xier bank, Credit Suisse First Boston Bank of Canada Bank of Maple} 15.6 Tokyo gold market Tokyo gold market was established in 1982, is the only Japanese government formally approved the gold futures market. Member vast majority of Japanese companies. Gold market bid yen per gram, gold fineness _set_tlement standard of 99.99% by weight of 1 kg each transaction contract is 1000 grams. 15.7 The Singapore Gold Singapore Gold was established in November 1978, the current gold spot and often operate 2,4,6,8,10 months, five kinds of futures contracts, the gold standard of 100 ounces of 99.99% pure gold with circuit breakers limit.
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Relations with the U.S. dollar price of gold
Correlation between gold prices and the dollar exchange rate Correlation between gold prices and the U.S. dollar in August 1971, when U.S. President Richard Nixon stopped suddenly announced the conversion of gold and the dollar. This is commonly referred to as "Nixon shock." Although this practice is based on prior gold standard currency (gold reserves in order to keep countries as issuing currency protection), but this event as an opportunity to end the system of fixed exchange rates of major currencies began floating exchange rate system. Although now in gold as a commodity embodies its value, but the other side of the gold embodies certain values and not lose money.
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◆ Liupanshui Municipal Committee, Deputy Mayor
Gold, male, Han nationality, born in September 1960, Pan county, Guizhou people, joined the Communist Party of China in August 1986, August 1983 to participate in the work of the Central Party political economics graduate, graduate degree, Bachelor of Economics Central Party School, economy division. 1979.09-1983.08 Guizhou College of Finance Planning and Statistics Department of Industrial Economics professional learning; 1983.08-1987.09 Liupanshui City of Guizhou Province Planning Commission, Finance and Trade Division worker, clerk; 1987.09-1988.10 Liupanshui City of Guizhou Province Planning Commission Deputy Chief of Finance and Trade; 1988.10-1993.06 Liupanshui City of Guizhou Province Planning Commission, Finance and Trade Division, General Department (in 1989 as an economist); 1993.06-1996.08, deputy director of Liupanshui City of Guizhou Province Planning Commission (during :1995.01-1996.01 in Panxian attachment to any party secretary); 1996.08-2001.09 Liupanshui City of Guizhou Province Planning Commission, party secretary, director; 2001.09-2002.04 Liupanshui City Development Planning Commission, party secretary of Guizhou Province, director; Vice Mayor 2002.04-2002.06 Liupanshui City of Guizhou Province Development Planning Commission City party secretary and director; 2002.06-2003.12 Deputy Mayor of Liupanshui City of Guizhou Province; 2003.12-2004.01 Guizhou Liupanshui Municipal Committee, deputy city mayor; 2004.01-Guizhou Liupanshui Municipal Committee, deputy city mayor, deputy party secretary, Liupanshui Administration College. Guizhou Province, the ninth party congress.
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Encyclopedia
Gold [Gold] a rare precious metal. It is heavy, melting High Point, afraid of acid, and a limited stock of the world, because The noble metal called. Gold is a kind of uniform, can Points, can circulate and be accepted by the savings hidden history value, but also Is a limited production, can be used as raw commodities. Yellow Gold has always been seen as a sign of wealth, it also in the history of As money exists. "Gold is the currency of natural, while money Natural is not gold. "This is a Marxist argument for gold. The "Gold is barbaric relic" is Keynes for gold Overview. With the development of human civilization gold, and gone A long and winding road. From gold to gold monetization Non-monetary, economic development marks a symbolic currency, A symbol of the trend. Since 1976, the Jamaica Conference, Gold is no longer money, but only a commodity it. After the official gold and currency decoupling, due to historical reasons, Gold is still partially retain some monetary functions. National gold reserves How much is a sign of national financial resources. Gold is a country Important work to stabilize prices and maintain currency letter, the development of financial trading Tools, it is a reason to revitalize the industrial, manufacturing jewelery are essential Less material. Our unified management of gold and silver, monopoly purchase Allocation policy, but the open market is the future trend of gold and silver reforms.
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English Expression
: gold bullion
n.: Gold
French Expression
n. or
Thesaurus
Gold, Gold Diego, Gold bars, Gold Urn, Jin Xi Gold Community Huangjin Village Gold Juweihui Huangjin Town huangjin Township