Huang Gonglue (1898-1931): China proletarian strategist. Hunan for people. Hunan Military Academy graduate. Participate in the Northern Expedition in 1926. Whampoa Military Academy the same year into the advanced class to learn. Joined the CPC in 1927. In the same year to participate in Guangzhou Uprising. Pingjiang 1928 to participate in the leadership of the uprising. Former deputy commander of the Red Army Fifth Corps, Third Army commander. In the central revolutionary base three times against "encirclement and suppression" campaign, repeated construction of military exploits. September 1931 wounded in the battle sacrifices.
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Who's Who - Republic early in the fall of the star
"June heavenly sign Fue, lofty Changying should Kunpeng tied. Jiangxi water side red corner, slightly male biased teacher drawing on yellow." This is written in July 1930 Mao Zedong, "Butterflies from Tingzhou to Changsha," the half of Fig. Huang Gonglue formerly known as Han, January 24, 1898 Health, Hunan Xiangxiang Osmanthus countryman. Father Huang Xiufeng, a private school. Huang Gonglue study with his father since childhood, 10 years into the Cave Hill primary school, elementary school after graduating from high school into the Yuen Foong. Huang Kung little sympathy for the laboring people's childhood, a good record straight, he likes to recite Qu Yuan's famous line "Come a long heave a deep sigh to cover tears, sadness and livelihood of many difficulties," "Ben is willing to cross away from the Xi, in relation to the people especially in self-locking" _set_ an ambition to serve the country from the urine. After graduating in 1914, returned home to teach private school. In 1915, his father died. Yuan and Japan was signed traitorous "21", the National People's angry. Huang Gonglue filled with blood, took part in the name of law enforcement flag Hunan, once worked as instruments in Hunan, Chinese teachers, platoon leader. 1922 fall slightly and Huang Kung-Li Can Peng Dehuai admitted to Hunan army officer military academy together after graduation is still any troops back to the original commander. July 1926, Hunan 2nd Division reorganized into the National Revolutionary Army 8th Army 1st Division. Because of the brave soldier in the Northern Expedition, Huang was promoted to 2nd Division Gonglue 30 Major Deputy Chief of Mission. January 1927, a little yellow male was admitted to the third phase the Whampoa Military Academy senior class. In December, he took part in the Zhang Tailei, Ye, Ye Ting leadership of the Guangzhou Uprising. Storm of the Revolution, Huang Gonglue decided to join the Chinese Communist Party. March 1928, has been promoted to separate Hunan 5th Regiment of the 1st Division Peng Huang Kung-letter invited back to the division a little work after graduation, business school with the host division headquarters. Huang Kung-slightly from the Whampoa Military Academy and after graduating from senior classes Junichi Huang, Guo-came together in an independent Section 5 Division station, see Peng year, respectively. Although he and Peng have life or death, but the complex situation at the time, he is still very cautious. In order to determine the true Peng thought, he deliberately asked: "Who is the new warlords?" Peng replied: "Of course Chiang Kai-shek." Huang Gonglue suddenly pretending angrily said, "our president" how to. We feel angry exceptions, the people immediately next to the public a little yellow tie, his mouth stuffed with a towel. Huang Gonglue suddenly turned pale, his hand directed at the heel. Ping Deng from his heel shoes found CPC Guangdong Provincial Committee of the letter of introduction, we know the misunderstanding, a false alarm. Since then, both Huang and Peng made public a little attracted to long talk, exchange views on the current situation, their relationship more closely. April and May, with the camp _set_ up an independent school teacher, Huang Gonglue president. He attached great importance to the ideological education of students, often to students to explain the national revolution and the importance of the peasant movement and characteristics. Under his influence, many of them later became outstanding Red Army cadres and leaders. Peng Shaohui is slightly affected by the impact of yellow onto the public road of revolution, described by Huang Gonglue joined the Chinese Communist Party. In June 1928, an independent division went Pingjiang 5 "Communist suppression", Huang Gonglue Regiment transferred to 3rd Battalion, 3. Yellow school of public sight see along the way a little bleak, that he was deeply worried. He first arrived in the third group will be concerned with their sincerity and win the trust of the soldiers. He gave poor people money to send things, the release of two captured by the Red Guards regiment door to door. One day, the CPC Hunan Provincial Commissioner tende far disguised as businessmen through Chiayi, group stopped by door to door questioning, after the door to door to the battalion headquarters group. Huang Kung-tende a little far away and connected to the relationship after the exchange of code words, they agreed on 22 July and the first group while Pingjiang uprising. Huang Gonglue also sent several soldiers to tende far from reliable, who "drive" out of the house to house groups Fangde. Huang Gonglue Pingjiang came after a series of "bizarre" behavior has already caused a Pingjiang long, door to door for the column group of suspected Director Liu and Liu as the night went to tell the first column 3 Mission. They found a little yellow male is Communist conspiracy to take action. Given a little yellow thing the public has been exposed, they decided on the afternoon of July 21, ahead of the uprising, the uprising to victory. Huang Gonglue Party Secretary James Zhengkun in and get in touch with such force open uprising led into the Nanshan, to the flat River City. In his first time into the city to understand the situation, not a firm part of 3rd Battalion, molecular mutiny southern escape, so he was very angry that night at the party in the first group made a painful review. Pingjiang mutiny called "Peng Huangbing change", a little yellow in the public played an important role in the uprising. Ping Jiang Huanqing victory in the General Assembly formally announced the establishment of the Red Army on the 5th Army. Since then, a little yellow male, who rate Red 5th Army in Pingjiang, Liuyang and Jiangxi Xiushui, Wan Zai carry out guerrilla struggle, and actively carry out mass work, the establishment of the CPC Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi edge recorders. October 1928, according to the instructions of the party, Peng, tende far the main rate of red shift to Jinggangshan 5th Army, joined forces with Red 4. Huang Gonglue lead the No. 2 Battalion began the six columns of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi extremely difficult guerrilla war. As the enemy's "encirclement and suppression", the Red Army was in a very difficult situation, the Huang Gonglue six brigade led by only one 200. In this case, a little yellow to rely on public and local party, the guerrillas and the thousands of people to take piecemeal, evasive, diversion and other flexible guerrilla tactics, and actively fight against the enemy. He led the 2nd Brigade has launched a hair in Liuyang Tian, Lu Jia Wan, the old black and gold pits, etc. peasant uprisings, the elimination of the militia and the local reactionary Kuomintang troops, expanding the guerrillas. In November, he directed Wanzai raid war, Jing Wei eliminate the reactionary group, suppressed the reactionary County, and seized a lot of guns and ammunition. March 1929, he commanded 2nd Battalion 5th Army red zone in conjunction with the Red Guards, Yonghe City, a night raid, the enemy kill and wound more than 100 people and seized more than 100 branch guns. April 12, the CPC Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, held an enlarged meeting after the recorder side, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Huang Kung-side detachment as a little captain, and served as Special Secretary of the Central Military Commission, a unified command and the counties of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi detachment Red Guards, to carry out active guerrilla war, defeat the enemy's "military offensive against" the development of county Red Guards, to enhance the combat effectiveness of troops. Huang Gonglue attaches great importance to ideological and political work, and called on party members to play their vanguard and exemplary role, to educate the troops solidarity, he also acts in their own words forces _set_ an example. Deepest winter, snow mountain, he was still wearing his pants and playing single unlined cloth sandals, no socks feet often crack. Pants broke, torn up to put the legs up, would joke that is "flexible strategy." Huang Gonglue command team is often a heavy blow to the enemy, so that the enemy restless. Once a paper puppet Command posted notices: "If the capture of troops head slightly yellow public who enjoy the ocean 5 million; if killed to get around and see a little yellow public who enjoy the ocean 20,000 yuan." It was later added: "If the pull to yellow slightly Yigenhanmao by the public, tours and tons of gold." little visible impact of Huang Kung-large. Soon, the Chinese side of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi Special leadership and slightly yellow under the command of the public, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi revolutionary base and gradually built up forces continue to grow, to the autumn of 1929, Red 5 Jinggangshan back from the main army, this the troops from more than a year ago, the development of 200 to 2,000 people, a gun more than a thousand sticks. Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, while adhering to the detachment of the struggle, the slightly yellow male leadership talents are fully displayed. Joined with the Red Army after 5, Huang Gonglue as deputy commander of Red Army 5. Early 1930, the official formation of Red Army 6, Huang Gonglue Army Commander, and soon, red to red 3 Jun 6 Jun, Huang Gonglue Ren 3 Corps. Red Army 6, Red 3, when the military establishment, there are a variety of forces issues, such as discipline, lax, local ideas, parochial, peasant consciousness, guerrilla doctrine habits are more serious, a little yellow public painstaking efforts to change forces the bad habits, to put a good detachment Wu Jiancheng main force. Red Army cadres lack of 6, he wrote to Mao Zedong and Zhu De, 5 from the Red Army, Red Army deployed a number of cadres 4 added to the Red Army 6, greatly improving the quality of the Red Army cadres 6. Also, because he's Personnel, King Yin love, the ability of cadres to be fully realized. He also strengthen the political and ideological construction, focusing on the masses of cadres and fighters views and discipline sex education, against parochialism and local concepts to guide the officers and men to establish eradication of new warlords, fighting for national independence and liberation of revolutionary ideas, but also words and deeds, to urge the cadres to learn division cultural knowledge. Slightly in the yellow public under the strong leadership, Red Army 3 overall quality of political consciousness, organization and discipline and combat effectiveness has greatly improved. To the end of October 1930, Gan Xinan revolutionary base areas, 34 counties have a population of 400 million, joined the Red Guards have nearly 100 million people. The rapid development of the main Red Army, the military _set_ up a new red 20, red 22 Army, Red Army 35. Gan Xinan region has developed into a unified leadership, and even large chunks of the Red Army into a base for the establishment of the Central Soviet Area basis. July 1930, Mao led the Red Army 4, Red Army once again came to Gan Xinan 12, joined forces with the Red 3, Red Army established the first corps, Huang Gonglue direct his troops to accept Mao Zedong, Zhu De's command. Early 1930, "Li Li" rule of the CPC Central Committee, Huang Gonglue non-distinct, stand firm, and always support to the General Front Committee, led by Mao Zedong's leadership. June 1930, under the control of the CPC Central Committee Li Lisan orders Red Army attack Nanchang. Mao Zedong ordered the town to promote the team to the camphor tree, camphor town in the General Front Committee meeting was held to make the whole army not to fight the West Nanchang Gan river crossing and the decision to join the Red Army 3. Huang Gonglue firmly support the decision of the General Front Committee, led the Red Army withdrawal 3 Nanchang suburbs, into the Liuyang. 3 Red Army in order to cover the withdrawal from Changsha, Huang Gonglue automatically Qingzhan, the rate of 3 military raid red wall wearing a bucket brigade. The night of August 28, Red 3 wenjiashi military quietly occupied a high ground southeast, at dawn, to the wall wearing a bucket brigade launched a surprise attack, the battle to wipe out an hour later wearing a brigade, a brigade commander killed wearing a bucket wall, head of the field should be tang. Wenjiashi annihilation victory, the Red Army in Yonghe 1,3 joined forces to _set_ up the Red Army. August 28, the Red Army moved into Maple Bay to the southeast of Changsha, bridge area. Changsha, Hunan President Ho big key in the construction of fortifications, the mega-Luzhai, dense bamboo nails, tall grid, the formation of three impenetrable line of defense, after the work is intensive bunker. But the Red Army cut off the enemy in the outskirts of Changsha, the main traffic arteries, is still a serious threat to the enemy. General Front Committee to make public a little red 3 yellow arms control monkeys rock side, as the Army's reserve. The afternoon of September 4, the enemy attack toward the stone monkey, 5 pm, a little yellow ordered his troops aggressively attack the public, with irresistible force toward the enemy and hit the enemy by surprise, to wipe out the two divisions of pottery wide, nearly killing the enemy 800 captures more than a thousand people. This is the second attack the Red Army achieved only one victory in Changsha. Since then, the Red Army to withdraw from Jiangxi Province, Changsha, October 5, occupation Jian. At this point, Ludi Ping Chiang Kai-shek appointed as commander in chief, what key is deputy commander in chief, Zhang Hui-chan of the Front commander, deployed 100,000 troops, limited to a half of "Red bandits destroy." Then take the initiative to withdraw the Red Army Jian. In late October, Mao Xinyu County Luofang held in the General Front Committee meeting, that "luring in deep", "retreat to the base of operations" approach, then swept east to the main Red Army Gan River, retreat to the central base. In the central revolutionary base three times against "encirclement and suppression" of the struggle, the slightly yellow male army fought bravely led the Red 3, repeated Li Qigong, showing excellent commander. The first time against "encirclement and suppression", Red 3 Army attack from the front, engaged the east of the Hui-chan of the rate of 18 division vanguard. December 30, 1930 at dawn, fog, 7,8,9 Red Army Division 3 Longgang Huang Zhuling hidden area in preparation for invading the enemy to a slap in the face. Morning, Hui-chan rate 52, 53 Brigade and division headquarters 8000 troops, secretly invaded from Wollongong to Port-jun, Huang Gonglue order, suddenly boiling up the sleeping mountain, the heroic Red Army pushed the enemy into the river soon side, the enemy, some were killed, some were drowned, suddenly confused. Dead end of the Hui-chan awkwardly into the bushes in the possession of, captured by our military. Hui-chan of the guard battalion battalion soldiers surrendered. Tatsuoka battle to wipe out the enemy 9,000 people and seized a large weapons. Which a group of "Maxim" machine guns and "Haqikesi" light machine gun, the soldiers put it down, no one will use. Found a prisoner to teach, the prisoner said: "I am non-commissioned officers school, understanding of light parts, equipment loading and unloading, and got three months, you -" I heard a little yellow public immediately after the call division, group for training staff, personally do shooting demonstration, just twenty minutes, thirty for the training staff have learned how to use the two machine guns. Side stunned prisoners, the Red Army cadres and soldiers have to admire Huang commander of the technology. Impact of public revolution yellow slightly disturbed the Kuomintang reactionaries, they hesitate to use all kinds of despicable means in an attempt to shake a little revolution Huang Kung-determination. Reward his reward from twenty thousand to 100,000 ocean; Jian twice sent him to dig graves, his grandfather, his father's bones are still into the Xiangjiang River; reactionaries also his mother and his wife buckle in Changsha , in order to blackmail him. What is more, May 1931, the public enemy, even sent a little yellow yellow gold village of half-brother, with Chiang Kai-shek's personal letter and 1500 yuan Yin Yang, sneaked into the central revolutionary base in an attempt to lure into surrender Huang Gonglue. Huang Gonglue no turning back, severing, crushing a conspiracy Chiang lure into surrender. Mao Zedong, Zhu De Huang Kung-called army officers and soldiers to learn a little impartial, severing the firm revolutionary stand at this time, Chiang Kai-shek's army of 200,000 in 700 years-long pressure on the Soviet front, launched a third "encirclement." Mao Zedong put forward the "concentration of forces, all broken," the strategic policy. General Front Committee decided that the Red Army as the 3 main tasks. Red Army in the East 3 solid build more than 20 days. Evening of May 15, military forces of Mao Zedong went to Red 3, and yellow with little public access to Baiyun Mountain in search of a shortcut and overnight field trips, and finally in a cousin's help to find a path. 3 Red Army embarked on this path before dawn, rushed to Baiyun Mountain, the cap, before the rush at the enemy occupied the high ground, to fight the enemy fighter favorable conditions. 10 am, with Chiang Kai-shek kiloliters fan directly under the 38th Division arrived more than 1,000 troops Shankeng, Huang Gonglue Army Command Red 3 horizontal pressure down from the hills, suddenly, gunfire, thunder shake Han Shasheng ground. Days will it encountered the enemy magic, suddenly defeated, fled in panic, most of the 38th Division, the enemy was destroyed. Kiloliters fan pretending to cook, had a narrow escape, fled in panic Jian. Red 3 and Red Army also with 4 military, the eradication of Wang Yu's 47th division. Battle of Baiyun Mountain, also captured a one hundred watts of power for the radio station. General Front Committee and could use the CPC Central Committee and Shanghai, Henan, Anhui and other red zone a direct telegraph link. Thus, the Baiyun Mountain battle ended in victory. Mao Zedong wrote a long poem, "fisherman proud? Second major anti-crush", and praised the fighting: "Yu Li Yun Baiyun mountain, Baiyun mountain emergency calls. Dead wood rot strains of QI efforts, gun Lin force, flying general weight into heaven. "Huang Gonglue and Sanjun won the" Flying General "in the world. Soon, Chiang Kai-shek himself governor array, led 300,000 troops to the Central Soviet Area launched its third "encirclement and suppression." Huang Gonglue 3 Red Army Command and other forces behind enemy onrush Liantang. August 5, after heavy fighting, destroy the enemy two divisions. Then, they led the Red Army feint 3 Longgang, in fact raid Huangpi, all wiped out in just forty minutes that the 48 division. September 6, Red 3 army and destroy the enemy forces with the brothers, 52 divisions, more than 5,000 enemy prisoners, captured hundreds of horses and a large number of firearms and ammunition. Korean teachers have captured ground as disguised as cooks not recognized and lucky escape. Fang Shiling battle after the victory, Huang Gonglue rate of 3 Red Army on the 15th to East crossing six solid Au. Suddenly, three enemy aircraft flying from the sky, wild fire, and then the red solid 7 division team is moving east. Huang Kung-side to make a little hidden red 7 division, leapt to one side slopes, the air directing machine gun fire. Enemy bullets pouring down, there are three bullet Huang Gonglue, he suddenly bleeding profusely. 33-year-old yellow only slightly so at the expense of the public. Yellow slightly at the expense of the public news deeply hurt the majority of officers and men and the people's heart, his deep condolences to the people. The next afternoon, in rejuvenating Liantang Village, Mao Zedong personally presided over the little yellow public memorial service. Will field highly elegiac couplet of his life: "Guangzhou riots die, die Pingjiang riots, and now actually sacrifice, worthy of hate big Huocongtianxiang; active revolutionary war, guerrilla warfare active, lifelong He Fenyong, good to teach future generations following the king . "To commemorate the public a little yellow, the CPC Central Committee decided to _set_ up a revolutionary base in the central slightly male infantry school. Spring of 1932, in Ruijin city built northeast of the floor leaves a little kiosk public, people will always remember him. Huang Gonglue residence in sub-Xiangxiang Guihua Village, Chaoyang Takagi red, 44 km away from Xiangxiang. In 1983, the Hunan Provincial People's Government announced the provincial units. Tiger mountain house is located in an area of 1,200 square meters, the Department a Wan-shaped cottage, wall tiles, Department of Huang Kung-grandfather built a little. Twenty-three years of the Qing dynasty (1896), a little yellow share of public housing 5, namely, 113 square meters. Because the original residence has been destroyed in 1986, Hunan Provincial People's Government funding for the restoration of the residence, according to the status quo for the display, and providing additional ancillary showroom introduce two slightly yellow public life achievements, display photo 81, art 4, physical 31. Yang Shangkun wrote the "little yellow male comrades House" plaque. Nie, Wang Zhen, Deng Yingchao, Yang Dezhi, Zhang Aiping, Urayasu repair, Guo, Li Jukui inscription as the former residence, former residence pay their last respects, many visitors. September 14, 2009, he was named one hundred for the new China made outstanding contributions to the establishment of one of the heroic model.