Avocado persea americana; avocado Lauraceae is an avocado. Originating in Central America, tropical and subtropical regions around the world are growing, but the southern United States, Guatemala, Mexico and Cuba, the most cultivated. China's Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan and Sichuan and other places have a small amount of cultivation. Evergreen tree, leaves alternate, leathery, oblong, oval, ovate or obovate, green above, pale slightly below, dense pubescent. Cymose panicles, most born in the lower part of the sprig, with stems, pubescent; bracts and bracteoles linear, pubescent. Light green with yellow flowers, perianth coat both sides, lobes 6, oblong, the outer 3 smaller; fertile stamens 9, arranged in round 3, anthers 4 rooms, staminodes 3, in the inner wheel, arrow-shaped heart shape. Nut large, fleshy, usually pear-shaped, oval or nearly spherical, yellow-green or reddish-brown. Avocado is a high nutritional value of fruit, soft flesh like cheese, yellow, unique flavor, vitamins, rich in fat and protein, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium content is high. Nut oil content of 8% to 29%, oil is a non-drying oil, no irritating, little acidity, emulsification can be durable, in addition to food, can be used for advanced cosmetics, machinery lubrication, and medicine with the skin on the Run oil and ointment ingredients. Lauraceae avocado genus 1 species. Originating in Central America, tropical and subtropical regions around the world are growing, but the southern United States, Guatemala, Mexico and Cuba, the most cultivated. China's Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan and Sichuan and other places have a small amount of cultivation. Evergreen tree, about 10 meters high. Leaves alternate, coriaceous, oblong, elliptic, ovate or obovate, apex acute, base cuneate to nearly round, green above, slightly below pale, dense pubescent, pinnate veins, cymose panicles , most born in the lower part of the sprig, with stems, pubescent; bracts and bracteoles linear, pubescent. Light green with yellow flowers, perianth both sides of the coat, the tube inverted cone-shaped, short, lobes 6, oblong, the outer 3 smaller; fertile stamens 9, arranged in round 3, anthers 4 rooms, staminodes 3, in the inner wheel, the arrow-shaped heart-shaped; ovary and Style hair, stigma discoid. Nut large, fleshy, usually pear-shaped, oval or nearly spherical, yellow-green or reddish-brown. Avocado for the adaptability of different varieties of very different temperatures, the Mexican Department of cold and strong, Guatemala Department and the Department of the West Indies, weak resistance to cold. The introduction of China's large Mexican system, the system native to tropical highlands. Avocados require annual rainfall of 1000 mm, shallow roots, branches weak, not resistant to strong winds, strong winds can cause cuts. Its soil adaptability. Multi-seed propagation, budding layering method can also be used. Avocado fruit is a high nutritional value of fruit, soft flesh like cheese, yellow, unique flavor, vitamins, rich in fat and protein, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium content is high. Nut oil content of 8 to 29%, oil is a non-drying oil, no irritating, little acidity, emulsification can be durable, in addition to food, can be used for advanced cosmetics, pharmaceutical machinery lubrication and oil on the skin Run and the ointment of raw materials. Second, the nutrient requirements, absorption and out Third, the recommended fertilizer Almost all regions in the world to see avocado nitrogen are obvious benefits. Routine use of nitrogen fertilizer four times a year or more, usually withdraw facilities or, preferably, is applied through the irrigation system. Only when the leaf analysis indicates p, k is low when the application of phosphorus and potassium. Zn is n after missing the second often lack nutrients. In some types of soil, can be applied with fertilizer or foliar spray zn zn. When spraying the spring when new leaves to carry out the most effective. Application of fertilizer or poultry manure can cause or aggravate missing zn. When the crops grown in calcareous soil or soil with low oxygen content, may lack fe. The most effective method is to chelating iron solution into the root zone. The best form of nutrients: n: alkaline earth or ammonium nitrate with ammonium sulfate is better; acidic soil places urea, calcium nitrate or calcium nitrate at as well. p: the kind of ordinary superphosphate applied before; or through irrigation water applied phosphate. k: cl when irrigation water is not high, the available potassium chloride; containing cl, especially under conditions of higher plants grafted on Mexican rootstock cl-sensitive, then with potassium sulfate. zn: zinc sulfate, zinc oxide or zinc compounds sting. fe: chelating compounds. Now fertilization: based on leaf analysis and application of nitrogen fertilizer cultivars. When some of the soil and irrigation water have n, with n the amount should be reduced; rarely seen when the trees grow new leaves and leaf color gray, or results that (fuerte cultivars over 10t/hm2, hass cultivars than 15t / hm2), will have to increase nitrogen. Avocado with n shown in Table 8-43. The amount of fertilizer the United States: California, USA applied every 3 to 5 years 375kg/hm2 p2o5 (in shallow soil on the slopes), 7.5 ~ 20 l / (hm2 · a) zn solution (zno or znso4). Florida 200 ~ 250kg/hm2 p2o5 facilities each year and 240 ~ 380kg / hm2 k2o. Israel: 500kg/hm2k2o. South Africa: 270kg / (hm2 · a) p2o5, 190kg / (hm2 · a) k2o. Sometimes need to b.
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Introduction
Avocado Persea americana; avocado; alligator pear; ア ボ カ ド Also known as: avocado Lauraceae is an avocado. Originating in Central America, tropical and subtropical regions around the world are growing, but the southern United States, Guatemala, Mexico and Cuba, the most cultivated. China's Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan and Sichuan and other places have a small amount of cultivation. Evergreen tree, leaves alternate, leathery, oblong, oval, ovate or obovate, green above, pale slightly below, dense pubescent. Cymose panicles, most born in the lower part of the sprig, with stems, pubescent; bracts and bracteoles linear, pubescent. Light green with yellow flowers, perianth coat both sides, lobes 6, oblong, the outer 3 smaller; fertile stamens 9, arranged in round 3, anthers 4 rooms, staminodes 3, in the inner wheel, arrow-shaped heart shape. Nut large, fleshy, usually pear-shaped, oval or nearly spherical, yellow-green or reddish-brown. Avocado is a high nutritional value of fruit, soft flesh like cheese, yellow, unique flavor, vitamins, rich in fat and protein, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium content is high. Nut oil content of 8% to 29%, oil is a non-drying oil, no irritating, little acidity, emulsification can be durable, in addition to food, can be used for advanced cosmetics, machinery lubrication, and medicine with the skin on the Run oil and ointment ingredients. Spanish conquest of the Americas before the avocado plant grown widely in tropical America, until 1900, after horticulturist that easily grafted avocado, making possible improved varieties, avocado orchard was established to produce the size, shape, quality and consistency fruit. Very common avocado grown in Mexico, California, Florida in avocado (Persea americana), South Africa grow very much, Chile, Brazil, Hawaii, Australia and some Pacific islands have grown, annual production is also high. Israel's avocado production has also been commercialized, and other Mediterranean countries have grown more. Lauraceae avocado genus 1 species. Originating in Central America, tropical and subtropical regions around the world are growing, but the southern United States, Guatemala, Mexico and Cuba, the most cultivated. China's Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan and Sichuan and other places have a small amount of cultivation. Evergreen tree, about 10 meters high. Leaves alternate, coriaceous, oblong, elliptic, ovate or obovate, apex acute, base cuneate to nearly round, green above, slightly below pale, dense pubescent, pinnate veins, cymose panicles , most born in the lower part of the sprig, with stems, pubescent; bracts and bracteoles linear, pubescent. Light green with yellow flowers, perianth both sides of the coat, the tube inverted cone-shaped, short, lobes 6, oblong, the outer 3 smaller; fertile stamens 9, arranged in round 3, anthers 4 rooms, staminodes 3, in the inner wheel, the arrow-shaped heart-shaped; ovary and Style hair, stigma discoid. Nut large, fleshy, usually pear-shaped, oval or nearly spherical, yellow-green or reddish-brown. Avocado for the adaptability of different varieties of very different temperatures, the Mexican Department of cold and strong, Guatemala Department and the Department of the West Indies, weak resistance to cold. The introduction of China's large Mexican system, the system native to tropical highlands. Avocados require annual rainfall of 1000 mm, shallow roots, branches weak, not resistant to strong winds, strong winds can cause cuts. Its soil adaptability. Multi-seed propagation, budding layering method can also be used. Second, the nutrient requirements, absorption and out Third, the recommended fertilizer Almost all regions in the world to see avocado nitrogen are obvious benefits. Routine use of nitrogen fertilizer four times a year or more, usually withdraw facilities or, preferably, is applied through the irrigation system. Leaf analysis indicated only when P, K content is low when the application of phosphorus and potassium. Lack of N after the second Zn often lack nutrients. In some types of soil, can be applied with fertilizer or foliar spray of Zn Zn. When spraying the spring when new leaves to carry out the most effective. Application of fertilizer or poultry manure can cause or aggravate lack Zn. When the crops grown in calcareous soil or soil with low oxygen content, may be lack of Fe. The most effective method is to chelating iron solution into the root zone. The best form of nutrients: N: ammonium sulfate or ammonium nitrate alkaline soil is good; acidic soil places urea, calcium nitrate or calcium nitrate at as well. P: applied before in the kind of ordinary superphosphate; or through irrigation water applied phosphate. K: Cl when irrigation water is not high, the available potassium chloride; containing high-Cl conditions, especially sensitive plants grafted on Mexican rootstock cl, then with potassium sulfate. Zn: zinc sulfate, zinc oxide or zinc compounds sting. Fe: chelating compounds. Now fertilization: based on leaf analysis and application of nitrogen fertilizer cultivars. When some of the soil and irrigation water are N, with N amount should be reduced; rarely seen when the trees grow new leaves and leaf color gray, or results that (Fuerte cultivars over 10t/hm2, Hass cultivars than 15t / hm2), will have to increase nitrogen. Avocado with N shown in Table 8-43. The amount of fertilizer the United States: California, USA applied every 3 to 5 years 375kg/hm2 P2O5 (in shallow soil on the slopes), 7.5 ~ 20 L / (hm2 · a) Zn solution (ZnO or ZnSO4). Florida 200 ~ 250kg/hm2 P2O5 applied each year and 240 ~ 380kg / hm2 K2O. Israel: 500kg/hm2K2O. South Africa: 270kg / (hm2 · a) P2O5, 190kg / (hm2 · a) K2O. Sometimes need B.
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Morphology
Figure 2: avocado evergreen tree, leaves alternate, leathery, oblong, elliptic, ovate or obovate, green above, slightly below pale, dense pubescent. Cymose panicles, most born in the lower part of the sprig, with stems, pubescent; bracts and bracteoles linear, pubescent. Light green with yellow flowers, perianth coat both sides, lobes 6, oblong, the outer 3 smaller; fertile stamens 9, arranged in round 3, anthers 4 rooms, staminodes 3, in the inner wheel, arrow-shaped heart shape. Nut large, fleshy, usually pear-shaped, oval or nearly spherical, yellow-green or reddish brown, flat taste. [3]
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Geographic distribution
Avocado originating in Central America, tropical and subtropical regions around the world are growing, but the southern United States, Guatemala, Mexico and Cuba, the most cultivated. China's Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan and Sichuan and other places have a small amount of cultivation. [3]
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Nutritional value
Avocado is a high nutritional value of fruits, vitamins, rich in fat and protein, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium content is high. Addition to food, can be used for advanced cosmetic, pharmaceutical machinery lubrication and oil and on the Run skin ointment materials. Pulp can be coated on the baked potato. Avocado is rich in lutein, lutein is a carotenoid can act as antioxidants and can reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Shell of the avocado needs to eat with a spoon, if cut into pieces mounted on a plate or mixed in salads, use a fork to eat. Ripening at room temperature, stored in the refrigerator crisper. Do seafood dishes, also can be delicious soup. Shizuoka University researchers found that avocados can reduce the liver. The researchers gave a group of mice liver injury, and then re-fed to them 22 different fruits. After a period of tests and found that avocados also help the recovery of rat liver. Avocado phytochemicals contained in the health of the liver specific lethal virus. Rich in vitamin E and C, potassium, fiber and folate plant avocado, fat content is unsaturated, and therefore can protect the cardiovascular system. [3] Nutrition Avocado (1 / 5 medium-sized avocado, or 1 / 4 cup) contains: Calories: 55, Fat: 5 grams saturated fat: 1 g, Cholesterol: 0 mg, Sodium: 1 mg, total carbohydrate content : 3 grams of dietary fiber: 3 grams Protein: 1 g, folic acid: the amount of human daily requirement of 6%. [3]
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Cultivation
1, the election, the soil preparation: Avocado dry and strong, fast growth, wood crisp, wind resistance is poor, avoid water, not drought, it should be in the annual average temperature 14-20 ℃, 1,000 mm rainfall area, _select_ the leeward, deep soil (more than 1 meter), good fertility, osteoporosis, slope less than 50 °, no water, irrigation and drainage slopes or land to facilitate cultivation. Plowing machinery or livestock, then press the 5 m × 5 m spacing digging, hole size of 80 cm × 80 厘米 × 80 cm, enough base fertilizer, fertilizing manure per 50 kg, 2 kg and fertilizer and soil mix, backfill to 30 cm above the ground to avoid sinking soil after planting had married there buried interfaces phenomenon. 2 cultivation: planting time is generally 3-4 months after transplanting root pouring enough water, planting density per acre 26. [4]
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百科 Daquan
eli Avocado Persea americana Lauraceae avocado genus 1 species. Originating in Central America, tropical and subtropical regions around the world are growing, but the southern United States, Guatemala, Mexico and Cuba, the most cultivated. China's Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan and Sichuan and other places have a small amount of cultivation. Avocado for the adaptability of different varieties of very different temperatures, the Mexican Department of cold and strong, Guatemala Department and the Department of the West Indies, weak resistance to cold. The introduction of China's large Mexican system, the system native to tropical highlands. Avocados require annual rainfall of 1000 mm, shallow roots, branches weak, not resistant to strong winds, strong winds can cause cuts. Its soil adaptability. Multi-seed propagation, budding layering method can also be used. Avocado fruit is a high nutritional value of fruit, soft flesh like cheese, yellow, unique flavor, vitamins, rich in fat and protein, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium content is high. Nut oil content of 8 to 29%, oil is a non-drying oil, no irritating, little acidity, emulsification can be durable, in addition to food, can be used for advanced cosmetics, pharmaceutical machinery lubrication and oil on the skin Run and the ointment of raw materials. (Li Xiwen)