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blame Continuous Gas exchange circulation
很多昆虫,并非简单的“开--关”,而是形成 “开-关-搏动”的循环模式,称为discontinuous gas exchange cycle (dgc)。
一个循环中,在气门打开时(很短时间),co2暴发式排出;关闭时,气管内o2被消耗, 产生的co2 滞留在组织和血淋巴中; 然后气门瓣较长时间内处于轻微的搏动性开闭状态,期间气管内由于氧被消耗而产生的轻微负压,可使少量氧以对流或扩散或两者结合的方式慢慢进入气管系统, 这样可推迟全开状态的到来,同时管内轻微的负压还使水气和co2不易散失。