Yalta (Ukrainian: Ялта) is a Ukrainian city. Crimean peninsula in the south, is the world-famous historic city, built in the 12th century. Population of about 77,100 people (2004). Area of 283km ² In 1945, the Yalta Conference was held here.
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Introduction
Ukraine, Yalta is a famous resort city. Crimean peninsula in the south, the Black Sea port, 79 km south of Simferopol. Is a world-famous historic city, built in the 12th century. Population of about 77,100 people (2004). Yalta Greek word derived from "Ya Luosi", meaning "coast." According to legend, long ago, while several vessels to leave Constantine of Greece, a few days sailing in the Black Sea, a storm, lost. In desperation the crew suddenly saw a ray glow from the east jet out, emerged in Green Bank, Castle Peak, so cheers "ЯЛОС" Since then, the Greeks that landed in the village called them "Ya Luosi", Yalta which name. Yalta mountains and the sea, pleasant climate, the annual average temperature of 13 ℃. Grape and tropical fruit. Industrial to food processing (wine, etc.) based. Climate Institute and the Ukraine, with Grape Wellness Institute. 1145 found in historical records (called Gu Lita). During World War II (February 1945 4-11 days) United States, the Soviet Union and Britain heads of Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill met here to enter into arrangements for post-war world the famous "Yalta Agreement", History "the Yalta Conference." Yalta, or men of letters and cultural resources. Pushkin, Tolstoy, Gorky, Stanislavsky and other literary giants have come here many times. Famous Russian writer Anton Chekhov in the recuperation period, wrote a huge number of articles.
艾伊瓦佐夫 Sharansky good at depicting the night at sea, particularly the storm waves paintings, masterpiece, "nine waves" so that the viewer thrilling. His seascape by the performance of the forces of nature, in order to convey the Russian people's dauntless heroism. Pushkin and the Russian composer Glinka said the singer, his passion for the ocean, his paintings so full of praise for the British landscape painter Turner. Yalta Conference. The end of World War II the United States, Britain, Susan Guo heads of the Crimean peninsula in the Soviet Union at the Yalta Conference, also known as Crimean Conference (Crimea Conference). By early 1945, near the demise of the German fascists, anti-fascist war, close to the final victory, the United States, Britain, the Soviet Union exposed the contradiction between the increasingly evident. In order to strengthen mutual trust, strategic coordination of plans, end the war as soon as possible to arrange post-war international affairs, safeguard the peace after the war, three heads of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill, and Joseph Vissarion Norwich in February 1945 Stalin at the Yalta Conference 4-11. The main contents are: ① Disposal of German post-war problems, the decision by the United States, Britain, France and the Soviet Union occupied the four countries, Germany and the German partition must be delivered to the German war reparations and the complete elimination of the general principles of militarism and Nazism. ② Polish question, the three decided to eastern border of Poland to the Curzon line generally prevail, made in several regions of Poland 5-8 km favorable escape, agreed to Poland in the north and west should be new territory, the final bound leave and will be resolved; on the composition of the Polish government after a heated debate, agreed to Lublin in Poland as the basis for the restructuring of the Provisional Government, to accommodate domestic and other democratic parties. ③ Far East, the Soviet Union pledged to end the war in Europe within 2-3 months to participate in the war against Japan, the conditions are: the maintenance of the status of Outer Mongolia, south Sakhalin and adjacent islands, the return of the Soviet Union, an international commercial port of Dalian, the Soviet Union leased Port Arthur as a naval base, the Soviet Union, in co-operation over the railway and South Eastern Railway, the Kuril Islands and handed over to the Soviet Union; ④ the United Nations and agreed that the Soviet republics of Ukraine and Belarus, a founding member of the United States, decided the United States, Britain, France, the Soviet Union , in the five countries as permanent members of the Security Council to provide permanent members agreed on substantive issues of principle. In addition, the meeting also discussed Greece, Yugoslavia, Italy and other European countries the problem. Conference on the "Yalta Agreement", adopted the "Declaration on liberated Europe" and "Crimea Declaration" and other documents. The meeting of the three countries to consolidate and maintain the wartime alliance against Germany on the coordination of its allies, Japan and battle to speed up the process of anti-fascist victory in the war and promote the formation of post-war peace and stability play an important positive role for the United Nations laid the foundation for the establishment of . But the meeting of certain agreements without the consent of the State, with significant powers tendency of power politics and appeasement, seriously undermined China's sovereignty and other countries, interests and territorial administrative integrity. The three countries made at the meeting arrangements for the post-war world order is known as the Yalta system, a tremendous impact on the post-war world. This meeting is the second meeting in Tehran in 1943, the second Allies Summit. The meeting concluded in July-August 1945 the Potsdam Conference to be controversial. Many people criticized the meeting that the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the States to control Central and Eastern Europe and many Asian countries, because the will of the United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill was not in accordance with the expectations of the occupied countries, requiring the post-war by the Soviet Union " liberate "the country by United Nations escrow. In addition, to fighting for the Soviet Union declared war on Japan, during part of the great rights violations in China. Pre-knowledge of other countries and therefore its conclusions are also "Yalta secret," said.
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Significance of the Yalta Conference Yalta Conference Yalta Conference the Soviet Union, is a broad productive meeting. Mainly: the occupation of Germany made the partition of power; determined in favor of the Soviet Union, Soviet-Polish border, to retain the Soviet-backed government Bolan Lu Boolean; "power line" principle, the Soviet Union at the United Nations to establish a solid position and role; in the Far East received a great deal of interest. So, on the establishment of the Soviet sphere of influence in Eastern Europe and to ensure that the post-war Europe and the Soviet Union in a favorable position in the world pattern, the Yalta Conference was actually awarded to the Soviet Union recognized the book and the power of attorney. Allies for the Yalta Conference, to ease the conflict between the anti-fascist united front to strengthen and coordinate combat operations against Germany and Japan to speed up the process of Anti-Fascist War and the postwar punishment of war criminals, to eliminate the impact of Nazism and militarism have played an important role in on the formation of post-war world had a profound impact. Conference backs the Chinese government made prejudicial to the decision of the Chinese territory and sovereignty, is the great-power chauvinism and power politics of performance, it is yet another appeasement to the development of high tide mark. Yalta Conference (sometimes called the Crimea Conference) is the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union in 1945, February 4 to February 11 between the northern part of the Crimean peninsula in the Black Sea Palace in Yalta summit meeting held in . Head of state to attend the meeting Franklin Delano Roosevelt (United States), Winston Churchill (UK) and Stalin (USSR). This meeting is the second meeting in Tehran in 1943, the second third Summit. The conference agreement July-August 1945 the Potsdam Conference began before the dispute. Immediately after the death of Roosevelt, he was openly criticized the Communist Party Central and Eastern Europe, ceded control of the meeting because he and Churchill did not account for the then German national requirements, national liberation by the Soviet Union after the war by the international management, on the agenda. And that other countries have not reached an agreement to participate in the process of meeting and has not been informed the meeting agreement. Conference agreement includes: In all the European countries liberated democratic elections should be held. April in San Francisco for the United Nations _set_ up the meeting. The basic organization of the United Nations was established, the idea of the UN Security Council was adopted. The United States and Britain agreed to a then Soviet republics of Ukraine and the Republic of Belarus joined the United Nations as an independent member. Germany was divided, the German was dissolved, Germany no longer permitted to have an army. United States and Britain Soviet Union that it was "in the future the necessary conditions of peace and security." Germany should be divided into allies in the occupied territories. France should have their own occupation, should be the Allied Control Council for Germany, a member of. Germany should be "her allies in the war damage caused by" negative war reparations. German war reparations to national resources (machinery, ships, a company, etc.), a period of time or reimbursement should be paid by way of compensation for labor. Reimbursement agreement the United States and the Soviet Union amounted to about 220 billion U.S. dollars. Britain at the time that the total reimbursement can not estimate. War crimes were held in abeyance. In Poland, a "broad democratic provisional government" should "as soon as possible and free from the control of his country, universal and secret elections." In Yugoslavia, a royalist and communist coalition government should be established. Within three months after Germany surrendered to the Soviet Union declared war on Japan. The return of the Soviet Union access to Sakhalin, the Kuril Islands, and its Port Arthur and Dalian railway connection control. About Italy - Yugoslavia, Italy - Austria, Yugoslavia - Bulgaria, Romania, Iran and Turkey, the Black Sea and the Mediterranean between the management of the Straits question used to be held in abeyance. All captured Soviet citizens were repatriated to the Soviet Union, whether they like it or not. The future treatment of Germany at Yalta agreement rather vague. The subsequent changes to the wording and understanding of many conditions. Yalta Conference is often seen as the beginning of the Cold War